CN108739149A - A kind of implantation methods of South Sinkiang winter wheat - Google Patents

A kind of implantation methods of South Sinkiang winter wheat Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108739149A
CN108739149A CN201810364447.5A CN201810364447A CN108739149A CN 108739149 A CN108739149 A CN 108739149A CN 201810364447 A CN201810364447 A CN 201810364447A CN 108739149 A CN108739149 A CN 108739149A
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wheat
water
seed
winter
spray
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Inventor
雷钧杰
张永强
李广阔
赛力汗·赛
薛丽华
高永红
高海峰
李忠华
张宏芝
陈兴武
张雯
王剑
周琰
范贵强
方辉
王仙
马兆亭
周皓
张洋军
阿不都热合曼·马合苏提
梁玉超
翟德武
米福兰
朱玉德
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INSTITUTE OF CEREAL CROPS XINJIANG ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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INSTITUTE OF CEREAL CROPS XINJIANG ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20Cereals
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01CPLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods of South Sinkiang winter wheat, are related to wheat growing technique field.The method of the present invention includes:Wheat is chosen seeds:The precocious fine quality of selection;Broadcast preceding preparation:Irrigation before seeding, using base fertilizer and site preparation;Handle seed:Broadcast preceding seed coat agent or dressing seed;Seeding method:Wheat cultivation is in band seeding, and wheat bandwidth is 8cm, and wheat belt is away from for 27cm, depth of planting 3-5cm;Field management:Seedling is looked into reseed, excavate sublateral canal and helped ridge, fertilizer and water management, control of weeds, spray cycocel prevention lodging and spray chemical control pest and disease damage;Harvest wheat.The method of the present invention is planted suitable for South Sinkiang winter wheat to be grown, and yield and quality of wheat can be improved.

Description

A kind of implantation methods of South Sinkiang winter wheat
Technical field
The present invention relates to wheat growing technique field more particularly to a kind of implantation methods of South Sinkiang winter wheat.
Background technology
South Sinkiang refers to the part on the south Xinjiang Tianshan, and South Sinkiang is vast in territory, and drought at the end of spring and the beginning of summer covers all the sky every year Sand and dust, also enable cotton seedling wither, apricot enabled to spend withered cold spell in later spring and hot dry wind, hail, flood etc..Severe natural item Part makes South Sinkiang agricultural become oligophrenia pupils.
Xinjiang is the important wheat advantage producing region in northwest China, and Wheat Production is most important to regional grain security.And South Sinkiang is mainly based on Winter Wheat Planted, since its special geological surrounding and weather have larger impact to wheat planting, The planting technology of South Sinkiang winter wheat is particularly important, directly affects harvest and the economic benefit of peasant household.
Invention content
In view of this, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of South Sinkiang winter wheat, main purpose is to improve south Boundary winter wheat implantation methods improve wheat quality to adapt to South Sinkiang climatic environment, increase yield.
In order to achieve the above objectives, invention broadly provides following technical solutions:
On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of South Sinkiang winter wheat, the method includes following steps Suddenly:
Wheat is chosen seeds:The precocious high-quality wheat variety of selection;
Broadcast preceding preparation:Irrigation before seeding, using base fertilizer and site preparation;
Handle seed:Broadcast preceding seed coat agent or dressing seed;
Seeding method:Wheat cultivation is in band seeding, and wheat bandwidth is 8cm, and wheat belt is away from for 27cm, depth of planting 3- 5cm;
Field management:Seedling is looked into reseed, excavate sublateral canal and helped ridge, fertilizer and water management, control of weeds, spray cycocel prevention Lodge and spray chemical control pest and disease damage;
Harvest wheat.
Preferably, the wheat seed selection is specially:Select wheat purity >=99.0%, cleanliness >=99.0%, germination percentage >=85% and moisture≤13.0% wheat seed.
Preferably, the seed is new winter No. 20 or new winter No. 60.
Preferably, it is described broadcast before prepare be specially:(1) it is filled with enough pre-sowing water:It pours water within 10 days or so prior to seeding, often 666.7m2Filling amount 60m3;(2) base fertilizer is applied:Per 666.7m before arable land2Application of organic fertilizers 3000-4000kg, per 666.7m2Apply urine Plain 5kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 25-30kg, potash fertilizer 7kg, wherein potash fertilizer contains pure K2O >=33%;(3) site preparation:Fine site preparation deep ploughing, is ploughed It is deep to be not less than 25cm, it is filled with enough pre-sowing water behind arable land, a kind of farm tools site preparation is harrowed in time after closing moisture in the soil.
Preferably, the processing seed is specially:Water 2000ml is added to dress seed with 2.5% healthy and strong seed coat agent 50ml 100kg。
Preferably, the seeding method is specially:Using accurate width breadth planting with sowing machine, seeder work wide cut 2.16m, seeder install 8 feed mechanism for seeds, and feed mechanism for seed spacing is consistent, and wheat cultivation is in band seeding, and wheat bandwidth is 8cm, small Away from for line-spacings such as 27cm, seed level 3-5cm is suppressed after broadcasting with press wheel wheat band, per 666.7m2Application rate is 18-20kg.
Preferably, the field management is specially:(1) seedling is looked into reseed:Emergence situation is after planting checked in time, if finding Being short of seedling, disconnected ridge is heavier to reseed in time, and the seed of immersion diel must be used when reseeding;(2) it was managed before the winter:Within after planting 3 days and When excavate sublateral canal, helped ridge, when daily mean temperature stabilization drop to 3 DEG C or so when winter irrigation, poured the wheatland of water before the winter and When suppress;(3) period of seedling establishment fertilizing, watering, jointing stage top dressing are poured water, and boot stage top dressing is poured water, and pour pulp-water;(4) spray prevention is wealthy Leaf weeds, spray prevention grassy weed and spray prevention mixing weeds;(5) cycocel was sprayed before March 30 prevents from lodging, For the wheat breed that prosperous long wheatland and plant height are higher, the first internode starts to spray cycocel 1-2 when elongation before wheat jointing It is secondary, 50% cycocel aqua is sprayed, per 666.7m2Dosage is watered 30kg for 200ml and sprays;(6) in May 5 to May 15, Per 666.7m2With 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 20g+25% trazodone wettable powder 30g+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150g, convert Water 30kg carries out spraying 1-2 times, prevention wheat aphid, powdery mildew, rust.
Preferably, the period of seedling establishment fertilizing, watering is specially:Earth's surface is thawed when just starting to whiten 3~4 days after the beginning of spring With fertilizer machinery row replacement urea 10kg/666.7m2, base fertilizer is insufficient, growing way wheatland 15kg/666.7m on the weak side2
2 months 25-March 5, per 666.7m2Pour water 50m of turning green3;The jointing stage top dressing is poured water specially:In March 25 days-April 10 filled jointing stage water, per 666.7m2Filling amount 70m3, in conjunction with every 666.7m that pours water2Apply urea 20kg;The booting Phase top dressing is poured water specially:Booting water is filled in April 20 to April 30, pouring water will fill, fill even, per 666.7m2Filling amount 80m3, In conjunction with every 666.7m that pours water2Urea 5kg is increased, weaker block increases urea 7kg/666.7m to growing way2;The pouring pulp-water is specific For:In 10-May 30 May, i.e. Post flowering 8 days~12 days, start to pour pulp-water, water 1-2 times, avoids rainy and big Wind day waters, with lodging-prevention.
Preferably, the spray date is specially:20-March 25 March;The spray prevention broad leaved weed is specific For:Wheatland based on broad leaved weed, per 666.7m2It is sprayed with the 10% tribenuron-methyl wettable powder 15g amounts of being watered 30kg;It is described Spray prevents grassy weed:The field endangered based on grassy weed, per 666.7m2With 5% oxazoline alkynes grass Emulsifiable concentrate 70ml or 6.9% fenoxapropPethyl missible oil 70ml, the amount of being watered 30kg, in 1~3 leaf phase of grassy weed, spraying is applied With;The spray prevention mixes weeds and is specially:Per 666.7m2It can with 5% oxazoline clodinafop-propargyl missible oil 50ml+10% tribenuron-methyls The wet powder 13g amounts of being watered 30kg sprays prevention A Mancao, hard grass, wild oat, barnyard grass, field bindweed or oak-leaved goosefeet weeds.
Preferably, the harvest wheat is specially:Manually harvested in wheat wax ripeness latter stage, wheat full ripe stage into Row mechanical harvest.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The present invention is directed to the gentle time condition of the peculiar geology in South Sinkiang, has been formulated suitable for South Sinkiang winter wheat according to plantation experience for many years Implantation methods, such as select precocious fine quality, preceding seed coat agent or dressing seed are broadcast in irrigation before seeding, using base fertilizer and site preparation, Wheat cultivation is in band seeding, and wheat bandwidth is 8cm, and wheat belt looks into seedling and reseed, excavate away from for 27cm, depth of planting 3-5cm Sublateral canal and helped ridge, fertilizer and water management, control of weeds, spray cycocel prevention lodging and spray chemical control pest and disease damage, finally Wheat is harvested after maturation.Using above-mentioned planting patterns and management method, the yield and quality of South Sinkiang winter wheat can be improved.
Specific implementation mode
For further illustrate the present invention to reach the technological means and effect that predetermined goal of the invention is taken, below with compared with Specific implementation mode, technical solution, feature and its effect applied according to the present invention is described in detail as after in good embodiment.Under State it is bright in multiple embodiments in special characteristic, structure or feature can be combined by any suitable form.
Embodiment 1
1. variety selection:Select precocity, the good quality and high output kind of the production of qualified seeds company, wheat purity >= 99.0%, cleanliness >=99.0%, germination percentage >=85%, moisture≤13.0%.It is preferably selected the seed being coated, the new winter can be selected No. 20, the kinds such as new winter No. 60;
2. broadcasting preceding preparation:
It is filled with enough pre-sowing water:It pours water within 10 days or so prior to seeding, per 666.7m2Filling amount 60m3;Using every before base fertilizer arable land 666.7m2Using high-quality organic fertilizer 3000-4000kg, per 666.7m2Urea 5kg is applied, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 25-30kg, potash fertilizer is (containing pure K2O >=33%) 7kg;
Fine site preparation:Deep ploughing is advocated, tilling depth is not less than 25cm, pre-sowing water is filled with enough behind arable land;A kind of farm tools is finely harrowed in time after closing moisture in the soil Site preparation accomplishes that rake is saturating, rakes, a kind of farm tools reality, eliminate light and shade clod, soil ravels, and achievees the purpose that Panasonic's reality;
Seed preparation:Broadcast preceding seed coat agent or dressing seed.Water 2000ml is added to dress seed with 2.5% stalwartness seed coat agent 50ml 100kg;
Sowing time:Generally in September 25 days to October 10;
4. seeding technique:It begins sowing in good time and is sowed in 12-18 DEG C of daily mean temperature;Seeding method is sowed using accurate width breadth Machine sowing kind, seeder work wide cut 2.16m, seeder install 8 feed mechanism for seeds, and feed mechanism for seed spacing is consistent, and wheat cultivation is in band-like Sowing, bandwidth 8cm, away from for line-spacings such as 27cm, 3~5cm of seed level is suppressed after broadcasting with press wheel wheat belt;Application rate 666.7m2 Application rate is in 18-20kg;
5. field management:
Seedling is looked into reseed:Emergence situation should be after planting checked in time, if discovery is short of seedling, disconnected ridge is heavier to reseed in time, when reseeding The seed of immersion diel must be used;
It was managed before winter:After planting 3 days planted agents excavate sublateral canal in time, have helped ridge.Seedling is looked into after emergence in time, looks into scarce benefit Leakage is reseeded at the disconnected ridge of scarce row and broadcast leakage, pays attention to planting at the edge of a field of canal side full.Timely winter irrigation is answered, when generally resting in daytime food taken late at night jelly, It is advisable when daily mean temperature stabilization drops to 3 DEG C or so.Pouring the wheatland of water will in time suppress before the winter;
Fertilizer and water management:
It turns green period management:At -20 days on the 10th 2 months, i.e., after the beginning of spring earth's surface thaw just when starting to whiten 3~4 days with applying Fertile machinery row replacement urea 10kg/666.7m2.2 months 25-March 5, per 666.7m2Pour water 50m of turning green3
Jointing stage top dressing is poured water:Jointing stage water is filled in 25-April 10 March, per 666.7m2Filling amount 70m3, in conjunction with pouring water Per 666.7m2Apply urea 20kg.
Boot stage top dressing is poured water:Booting water is filled in April 20 to April 30, pouring water will fill, fill even, per 666.7m2It fills Measure 80m3, in conjunction with every 666.7m that pours water2Urea 5kg is increased, weaker block increases urea 7kg/666.7m to growing way2
Pour pulp-water:In 10-May 30 May, i.e. Post flowering 8 days~12 days, starts to pour pulp-water, water 1-2 times, It avoids watering in rainy and strong wind day, with lodging-prevention.
Control of weeds:Date is 20-March 25 March;
Broad leaved weed is prevented:The wheatland of (Descurainia sophia, A Mancao, oak-leaved goosefeet, field bindweed, Armstrong etc.) based on broad leaved weed, Per 666.7m2It being sprayed with the 10% tribenuron-methyl wettable powder 15g amounts of being watered 30kg, when spraying, wants uniform and delicate, accomplishes not drain spray, It does not respray;
Grassy weed prevents:The field that (hard grass, wild oat, barnyard grass) endangers based on grassy weed, per 666.7m2 With 5% oxazoline clodinafop-propargyl missible oil 70ml or 6.9% fenoxapropPethyl missible oil 70ml, the amount of being watered 30kg, in grassy weed 1 The spraying application of~3 leaf phases, when spraying, want uniform and delicate, accomplish not drain spray, do not respray;
Mix control of weeds:Per 666.7m2With 5% oxazoline clodinafop-propargyl missible oil 50ml+10% tribenuron-methyl wettable powders The 13g amounts of being watered 30kg sprays the weeds such as prevention A Mancao, hard grass, wild oat, barnyard grass, field bindweed, oak-leaved goosefeet;
Lodging-prevention measure:Cycocel was sprayed before March 30 to be prevented from lodging, for the wheat that prosperous long wheatland and plant height are higher Kind, the first internode starts to spray cycocel 1-2 times when elongation before wheat jointing, sprays 50% cycocel aqua, often 666.7m2Dosage is watered 30kg for 200ml and sprays;
Prevent pest and disease damage:In May 5 to May 15, using " a spray three proofings " measure, per 666.7m2With 10% imidacloprid Wettable powder 20g+25% trazodone wettable powder 30g+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150g are watered 30kg and carry out spraying 1-2 times, prevent Control wheat aphid, powdery mildew, rust.Potassium dihydrogen phosphate can increase Ear weight;
6. harvest:It is manually harvested (after June 10) in wheat wax ripeness latter stage, in wheat full ripe stage (after June 15) Carry out mechanical harvest.
The present invention is directed to the gentle time condition of the peculiar geology in South Sinkiang, has been formulated suitable for South Sinkiang winter wheat according to plantation experience for many years Implantation methods.Using above-mentioned planting patterns and management method, the yield and quality of South Sinkiang winter wheat can be improved.
Place, those skilled in the art can not select from the prior art to the greatest extent in the embodiment of the present invention.
Disclosed above is only the specific implementation mode of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, is appointed What those familiar with the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, can easily think of the change or the replacement, answer It is included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with above-mentioned scope of the claims It is accurate.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of implantation methods of South Sinkiang winter wheat, which is characterized in that the described method comprises the following steps:
Wheat is chosen seeds:The precocious high-quality wheat variety of selection;
Broadcast preceding preparation:Irrigation before seeding, using base fertilizer and site preparation;
Handle seed:Broadcast preceding seed coat agent or dressing seed;
Seeding method:Wheat cultivation is in band seeding, and wheat bandwidth is 8cm, and wheat belt is away from for 27cm, depth of planting 3-5cm;
Field management:Seedling is looked into reseed, excavate sublateral canal and helped ridge, fertilizer and water management, control of weeds, spray cycocel prevention lodging And spray chemical control pest and disease damage;
Harvest wheat.
2. a kind of implantation methods of South Sinkiang winter wheat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the wheat seed selection is specific For:Select the wheat seed of wheat purity >=99.0%, cleanliness >=99.0%, germination percentage >=85% and moisture≤13.0%.
3. a kind of implantation methods of South Sinkiang winter wheat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the seed is the new winter 20 Number or the new winter No. 60.
4. a kind of implantation methods of South Sinkiang winter wheat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to broadcast preceding prepare specifically For:(1) it is filled with enough pre-sowing water:It pours water within 10 days or so prior to seeding, per 666.7m2Filling amount 60m3;(2) base fertilizer is applied:It is every before arable land 666.7m2Application of organic fertilizers 3000-4000kg, per 666.7m2Apply urea 5kg, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 25-30kg, potash fertilizer 7kg, wherein Potash fertilizer contains pure K2O >=33%;(3) site preparation:Fine site preparation deep ploughing, tilling depth is not less than 25cm, pre-sowing water is filled with enough behind arable land, after closing moisture in the soil Rake a kind of farm tools site preparation in time.
5. a kind of implantation methods of South Sinkiang winter wheat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the processing seed is specific For:Add water 2000ml seed dressings 100kg with 2.5% healthy and strong seed coat agent 50ml.
6. a kind of implantation methods of South Sinkiang winter wheat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the seeding method is specific For:Using accurate width breadth planting with sowing machine, seeder work wide cut 2.16m, seeder installs 8 feed mechanism for seeds, feed mechanism for seed spacing Unanimously, wheat cultivation is in band seeding, and wheat bandwidth is 8cm, and wheat belt is away from for the line-spacings such as 27cm, the towns seed level 3-5cm, Bo Houyong Pinch roller is suppressed, per 666.7m2Application rate is 18-20kg.
7. a kind of implantation methods of South Sinkiang winter wheat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the field management is specific For:(1) seedling is looked into reseed:Emergence situation is after planting checked in time, if discovery is short of seedling, disconnected ridge is heavier to reseed in time, must be used when reseeding The seed of immersion diel;(2) it was managed before the winter:Sublateral canal is excavated in time within after planting 3 days, has helped ridge, works as daily mean temperature Stablize winter irrigation when dropping to 3 DEG C or so, the wheatland for pouring water is suppressed in time before the winter;(3) period of seedling establishment fertilizing, watering, jointing stage chase after Fertilizer is poured water, and the top dressing of florescence in boot stage-is poured water, and pours pulp-water;(4) spray prevention broad leaved weed, spray prevention grassy weed And spray prevention mixing weeds;(5) cycocel was sprayed before March 30 prevents from lodging, higher for prosperous long wheatland and plant height Wheat breed, the first internode starts to spray cycocel 1-2 times when elongation before wheat jointing, sprays 50% cycocel aqua, often 666.7m2Dosage is watered 30kg for 200ml and sprays;(6) in May 5 to May 15, per 666.7m2It is wettable with 10% imidacloprid Property pulvis 20g+25% trazodone wettable powder 30g+ potassium dihydrogen phosphate 150g, be watered 30kg carry out spraying 1-2 time, prevent it is small Wheat aphid, powdery mildew, rust.
8. a kind of implantation methods of South Sinkiang winter wheat according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the period of seedling establishment fertilising is poured Water is specially:After the beginning of spring earth's surface thaw just when starting to whiten 3~4 days with fertilizer machinery row replacement urea 10kg/666.7m2, bottom It is fertile insufficient, growing way wheatland 15kg/666.7m on the weak side2, 2 months 25-March 5, per 666.7m2Pour water 50m of turning green3;It is described Jointing stage top dressing is poured water specially:Jointing stage water is filled in 25-April 10 March, per 666.7m2Filling amount 70m3, every in conjunction with pouring water 666.7m2Apply urea 20kg;The boot stage top dressing is poured water specially:Booting water is filled in April 20 to April 30, pours water and wants It fills saturating, fill even, per 666.7m2Filling amount 80m3, in conjunction with every 666.7m that pours water2Urea 5kg is increased, weaker block increases urea to growing way 7kg/666.7m2;The pouring pulp-water is specially:In 10-May 30 May, i.e. Post flowering 8 days~12 days, start to pour grouting Water waters 1-2 times, avoids watering in rainy and strong wind day, with lodging-prevention.
9. a kind of implantation methods of South Sinkiang winter wheat according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the spray date is specific For:20-March 25 March;The spray prevents broad leaved weed:Wheatland based on broad leaved weed, per 666.7m2 It is sprayed with the 10% tribenuron-methyl wettable powder 15g amounts of being watered 30kg;The spray prevents grassy weed:With grass family The field endangered based on weeds, per 666.7m2With 5% oxazoline clodinafop-propargyl missible oil 70ml or 6.9% fenoxapropPethyl missible oil 70ml, the amount of being watered 30kg spray in 1~3 leaf phase of grassy weed and apply;The spray prevention mixes weeds and is specially:Often 666.7m2Prevention Ah is sprayed with the 5% oxazoline clodinafop-propargyl missible oil 50ml+10% tribenuron-methyl wettable powder 13g amounts of being watered 30kg Creeping weed, hard grass, wild oat, barnyard grass, field bindweed or oak-leaved goosefeet weeds.
10. a kind of implantation methods of South Sinkiang winter wheat according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the harvest wheat tool Body is:It is manually harvested in wheat wax ripeness latter stage, mechanical harvest is carried out in wheat full ripe stage.
CN201810364447.5A 2018-04-23 2018-04-23 A kind of implantation methods of South Sinkiang winter wheat Pending CN108739149A (en)

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CN109511491A (en) * 2018-11-26 2019-03-26 安徽省阜阳永祥良种服务有限责任公司 A kind of wheat planting method
CN110214651A (en) * 2019-07-10 2019-09-10 甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所 A kind of method of winter wheat summer time out soil moisture conservation
CN111480539A (en) * 2020-04-10 2020-08-04 马兆亭 Northern Xinjiang wheat planting method
CN111480539B (en) * 2020-04-10 2021-11-09 马兆亭 Northern Xinjiang wheat planting method
CN112913377A (en) * 2021-02-19 2021-06-08 青海省农林科学院 High-yield cultivation method for winter wheat spring seeds
CN113068582A (en) * 2021-03-25 2021-07-06 胡慧 Planting method for improving content of beta-glucan in wheat

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