CN108659370A - 一种pvc软质发泡水晶板的组合物及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种pvc软质发泡水晶板的组合物及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108659370A
CN108659370A CN201710206790.2A CN201710206790A CN108659370A CN 108659370 A CN108659370 A CN 108659370A CN 201710206790 A CN201710206790 A CN 201710206790A CN 108659370 A CN108659370 A CN 108659370A
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刘浩
王晶
张新华
李静
刘容德
裴晓静
张桦
桂俊杰
王晓敏
盛梅
高磊
王海波
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Abstract

一种PVC软质发泡水晶板的组合物及制备方法，属于塑料加工技术领域。其特征在于，重量组成为：PVC树脂100份；稳定剂2.0~3.0份；发泡剂0.2~0.5份；POE接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯1.0~8.0份；偏苯三酸三辛酯51~55份；氧化聚乙烯蜡0.3~0.5份，制备步骤为：放入高速混合机中于1350r/min~1450r/min转速下混合，放料至低速混合机中冷却出料；双辊开炼机中混炼出片，双辊开炼机辊温110℃~120℃；将开炼好的料片压制后冷却得到PVC软质发泡水晶板。本发明PVC软质发泡水晶板除了具有透明、无毒无味、柔软、高回弹、耐折、耐压，耐高温的优点外，因其内部有一定数量的气泡，赋予水晶板梦幻般的艺术效果。

Description

一种PVC软质发泡水晶板的组合物及制备方法
技术领域
一种PVC软质发泡水晶板的组合物及制备方法，属于塑料加工技术领域。
背景技术
PVC水晶板又称软玻璃，具有透明、无毒、柔软、高回弹、耐折、耐压，耐高温等优点，可防止污染、割伤和划伤家具表面，能够有效延长家具的使用寿命。而PVC软质发泡水晶板除了具有普通PVC水晶板的优点外，因其内部有一定数量的气泡，赋予水晶板梦幻般的艺术效果，可作为高档PVC发泡水晶板用来美化室内。
现有的一种具有透明流纹效果的墙纸印刷浆料，该浆料主要是由以下重量份的原料制成：聚氯乙烯糊树脂30-50份，酞酸二辛酯5-20份，发泡剂1-2份，D80环保溶剂油1-5份，碳酸钙10-30份，增塑剂10-30份，稳定剂1-5 份，VAE 乳液5-8 份，钛白粉5-20份，增稠剂1-3份，干燥速度调节剂1-3份构成，其中发泡剂采用偶氮二甲酰胺；由该浆料制成的墙纸具有颜色牢固度高、拉伸强度好、可擦洗性好等特点。但该发明所得的墙纸印刷浆料中含有钛白粉，不透明，也未对发泡效果进行说明。
现有的一种硬质高发泡板的配方及其制作方法，由PVC树脂30~50份，碳酸钙25~40份，滑石粉15~30份，氢氧化铝15~40份，热稳定剂1~6份，晶须1~15份，阻燃剂1~5份，交联剂0.1~5份，发泡剂15~20份，溶剂80~120份组成，该发明提高了PVC的发泡率和发泡硬度，但为非透明硬质制品，所用的配方和工艺均与本发明专利不同。
还有一种现有的聚氯乙烯塑料建筑模板，由PVC、发泡剂、发泡调节剂，增塑剂，润湿剂，稳定剂，润滑剂，抗冲改性剂，加工助剂，增强纤维，空心玻璃微珠，钛白粉等组成，该发明改善了模板表面的平整性，但为非透明硬质制品，所用的配方和工艺均与本发明专利不同。
发明内容
与现有技术相比，本发明制备了一种透明、无毒无味、柔软、高回弹、耐折、耐压的PVC软质发泡水晶板，是一种全新的PVC水晶板产品，具有优良的艺术装饰效果。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：该PVC软质发泡水晶板的组合物，其特征在于，重量组成为：PVC树脂100份；稳定剂2.0~3.0份；发泡剂0.2~0.5份；POE接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯1.0~8.0份；偏苯三酸三辛酯51~55份；氧化聚乙烯蜡0.3~0.5份，所述PVC树脂为悬浮法生产的平均聚合度1300~2500的PVC树脂。
发明提供一种PVC软质发泡水晶板组合物，使用特定比例的平均聚合度为1300~2500的悬浮法PVC树脂、稳定剂、发泡剂和POE接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯能够制备含有透明气泡的PVC软质水晶板，无毒无味，通过调整发泡剂和POE接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的用量来控制软质PVC发泡水晶板中气泡的数量和大小，达到不同的视觉效果，触感柔软，具有很好的室内装饰美化、桌面衬垫等用途。
优选的，重量组成为：PVC树脂100份；稳定剂2.6~2.8份；发泡剂0.3~0.35份；POE接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯3.0~5.6份；偏苯三酸三辛酯52.5~53.5份；氧化聚乙烯蜡0.38~0.42份。优选的重量份配比能够达到本发明最佳状态，且抗老化能力强，寿命长。
优选的，所述稳定剂为有机锡稳定剂、透明钙锌稳定剂或透明稀土稳定剂。优选的稳定剂对本发明的配方较为适应，能够保证水晶板较高的透明性。
优选的，所述稳定剂为透明钙锌稳定剂MC9875KA。进一步优选的透明钙锌稳定剂是与本发明最适应的稳定剂，能够使水晶板的具有较高的透明性、环保无异味，同时所得水晶板的柔软性和回弹性达到本发明的最佳效果。
优选的，所述发泡剂为双苯磺酰肼。优选的发泡剂对本发明的适应性最佳，所形成的气泡透明度高。
优选的，所述POE接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯为甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯与乙烯-辛烯共聚物熔融接枝改性的产物，甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的接枝率为0.5%~3%。本发明提供的优选结构的POE接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯能够更好的调节水晶板的弹性，提高耐压、耐折性能，并控制气泡的形态和大小，提高美观度。
优选的，所述PVC树脂的平均聚合度为1700~1900。优选的PVC树脂能够更好的提高本发明的基本性能。
一种利用上述组合物的PVC软质发泡水晶板制备方法，其特征在于，制备步骤为：
1）将物料按配方准确称量，放入高速混合机中于1350r/min~1450r/min转速下混合至97℃~103℃，放料至转速为75r/min~90r/min的低速混合机中冷却至25℃~35℃出料；
2）将物料加入双辊开炼机中混炼400s~500s出片，双辊开炼机辊温110℃~120℃；将开炼好的料片于172℃~178℃模压机中压制8min~10min后冷却得到PVC软质发泡水晶板。
所述的制备方法能够最好的发挥组合物配方的性能搭配，得到性能合适的软质发泡水晶板。
与现有技术相比，本发明的一种PVC软质发泡水晶板的组合物及制备方法所具有的有益效果是：本发明PVC软质发泡水晶板除了具有透明、无毒无味、柔软、高回弹、耐折、耐压，耐高温的优点外，因其内部有一定数量的气泡，赋予水晶板梦幻般的艺术效果，可作为高档PVC发泡水晶板用来美化室内。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步说明，其中实施例1为最佳实施例。
表1 实施例1~6的物料配比
。
其中，实施例1~6中POE接枝GMA均为甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯与乙烯-辛烯共聚物熔融接枝改性的产物。实施例1中甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的接枝率为1.2%，实施例2中甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的接枝率为2%，实施例3中甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的接枝率为0.8%，实施例4中甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的接枝率为1.5%，实施例5中甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的接枝率为0.5%，实施例6中甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的接枝率为3%。
表2对比例1~4的物料配比
。
按照实施例和对比例1~3配方将物料按配方准确称量，放入高速混合机中于1350r/min~1450r/min转速下混合至97℃~103℃，放料至转速为75r/min~90r/min的低速混合机中冷却至25℃~35℃出料；将物料加入双辊开炼机中混炼400s~500s出片，双辊开炼机辊温110℃~120℃；将开炼好的料片于172℃~178℃模压机中压制8min~10min后冷却得到PVC软质发泡水晶板。对比例4的制备方法高速混合机的混合温度为90℃，双辊开炼机辊温130℃。
发泡水晶软板的性能测试结果如表3所示。
表3 发泡水晶板的性能测试结果
。
由实施例中可看出，使用平均聚合度为1300~2500的悬浮法PVC树脂、透明PVC钙锌稳定剂、发泡剂OBSH和POE接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的配方体系和工艺可制备无毒无味含有透明气泡的PVC软质水晶板，通过调整发泡剂OBSH和POE接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的用量可制得不同尺寸、不同数量的透明气泡，这大大提高了PVC发泡水晶板的装饰美化效果。对比例中添加有机锡可导致异味，不添加POE接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯得不到形态美观的透明气泡，AC发泡剂可使水晶板发黄，透明型MBS可引起使用黄变，影响水晶板的长期使用效果。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非是对本发明作其它形式的限制，任何熟悉本专业的技术人员可能利用上述揭示的技术内容加以变更或改型为等同变化的等效实施例。但是凡是未脱离本发明技术方案内容，依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与改型，仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种PVC软质发泡水晶板的组合物，其特征在于，重量组成为：PVC树脂100份；稳定剂2.0~3.0份；发泡剂0.2~0.5份；POE接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯1.0~8.0份；偏苯三酸三辛酯51~55份；氧化聚乙烯蜡0.3~0.5份，所述PVC树脂为悬浮法生产的平均聚合度1300~2500的PVC树脂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种PVC软质发泡水晶板的组合物，其特征在于：重量组成为：PVC树脂100份；稳定剂2.6~2.8份；发泡剂0.3~0.35份；POE接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯3.0~5.6份；偏苯三酸三辛酯52.5~53.5份；氧化聚乙烯蜡0.38~0.42份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种PVC软质发泡水晶板的组合物，其特征在于：所述稳定剂为透明钙锌稳定剂或透明稀土稳定剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种PVC软质发泡水晶板的组合物，其特征在于：所述稳定剂为透明钙锌稳定剂MC9875KA。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种PVC软质发泡水晶板的组合物，其特征在于：所述发泡剂为双苯磺酰肼。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种PVC软质发泡水晶板的组合物，其特征在于：所述POE接枝甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯为甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯与乙烯-辛烯共聚物熔融接枝改性的产物，甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯的接枝率为0.5%~3%。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种PVC软质发泡水晶板的组合物，其特征在于：所述PVC树脂的平均聚合度为1700~1900。
8.一种利用权利要求1~7任一项所述组合物的PVC软质发泡水晶板制备方法，其特征在于，制备步骤为：
1）将物料按配方准确称量，放入高速混合机中于1350r/min~1450r/min转速下混合至97℃~103℃，放料至转速为75r/min~90r/min的低速混合机中冷却至25℃~35℃出料；
2）将物料加入双辊开炼机中混炼400s~500s出片，双辊开炼机辊温110℃~120℃；将开炼好的料片于172℃~178℃模压机中压制8min~10min后冷却得到PVC软质发泡水晶板。
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