CN108658635A - A kind of organic fertilizer aerobic fermentation control system - Google Patents
A kind of organic fertilizer aerobic fermentation control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108658635A CN108658635A CN201710207780.0A CN201710207780A CN108658635A CN 108658635 A CN108658635 A CN 108658635A CN 201710207780 A CN201710207780 A CN 201710207780A CN 108658635 A CN108658635 A CN 108658635A
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- organic fertilizer
- control system
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- pressure
- fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of circuit control, more particularly to a kind of implementation method of organic fertilizer aerobic fermentation control system.The control system includes four data acquisition and monitoring unit, data processing and storage unit, Field adjustment unit and central control computer parts.Data processing and storage unit are PLC control system, and data acquisition and monitoring unit includes temperature transmitter, pressure transmitter and hygrometer, and Field adjustment unit is made of pressure-regulating device, electric-powered air release valve and humidifier.The parameters such as temperature, pressure, humidity that central controller, that is, PLC control system is fed back according to on-line monitoring instrument monitor organic fertilizer aerobic fermentation process in real time, the accurate of organic fertilizer aerobic fermentation process is realized to automatically control, under the premise of not carrying out overstimulation to microorganism nature growth characteristics, as far as possible suitable growing environment is provided for microorganism, adequately the fermentability of microorganism itself is brought into play, to obtain good fermented product.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of circuit control, more particularly to a kind of realization side of organic fertilizer aerobic fermentation control system
Method.
Background technology
Organic fertilizer refers to imposing on soil containing the slow-release fertilizer of the substances such as a large amount of biological substances, plant and animal residues, excreta
To provide the carbonaceous material that plant nutrient is its major function.Organic fertilizer is rich in a large amount of benefit materials, including：A variety of organic acids,
Peptides etc. have a large amount of or micro necessary to abundant organic nutrient and abundant plant growth including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium
Nutrient can not only provide full nutrition for crops, and fertilizer efficiency is long, can increase and update the soil organism, promote micro-
Biological self reproducing improves the physicochemical property and bioactivity of soil, is the Main Nutrients of green plants growth.
Organic fertilizer production belongs to solid state fermentation, is cultivated in the insoluble solid matrix there is no or almost no free water
The bioprocesses of microorganism.Compared with liquid state fermentation, solid state fermentation is simpler, clean production technology.Production process
In, the control of accurate temperature, humidity and ventilation is carried out, excellent production quality just can be obtained.Existing market ferments to high-quality
Product demand is continuously increased, also higher and higher to the performance requirement of the production equipment of organic fertilizer.With the development of composting technology, city
Have many equipment for organic fertilizer fermentation on field to occur.But existing many production equipments do not have intelligent so that hair
Ferment process is not easy to control, and cost of labor is higher.Therefore, it designs a kind of specifically for the general, succinct, low of organic fertilizer production
The high performance intelligence control system of cost, is just particularly important.
Currently, for the control system of organic fertilizer fermentation and few, it is mostly directed to temperature controlled system or structure, not
The production process of organic fertilizer fermentation can be fully met.Wherein, most from temperature curve for temperature controlled system or equipment
Angle is set out, and emphasizes that accurately temperature controls, mean temperature forms satisfactory temperature curve in guard box body.However micro-
In the growth course of biology, growth temperature does not need to the compulsory temperature curve according to a certain standard and carries out, but is protecting
It demonstrate,proves under most basic comfortable growing environment, microorganism can be allowed freely to grow.And the effect of equipment is to coordinate the spy of microorganism
Property, it is appropriate to be guided.Equipment will reduce the control to environment as far as possible, be reached between environmental Kuznets Curves and microbiologic properties
To an equalization point.
In conclusion in the solid ferment process of organic fertilizer, temperature is a very important factor, but is not crucial
Factor.Humidity and heap body in heap body are the key that determine compost success or not and fertilizer quality to the Utilization ability of oxygen.
Invention content
In the composting production process for carrying out organic fertilizer using solid-state fermentation technology, by the humidity and heap inside heap body
The air pressure in internal portion is detected and controls, and achievees the purpose that effectively to control composting process.The present invention is summarizing organic fertilizer early period
On the basis of real attenuation experience, a kind of organic fertilizer production control system controlled based on humidity and pressure is devised.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：A kind of organic fertilizer aerobic fermentation control system, institute
It includes that data acquisition and monitoring unit, data processing and storage unit, Field adjustment unit and center control calculate to state control system
Four parts of machine.The data processing and storage unit are PLC control system, and the data acquisition and monitoring unit includes that temperature becomes
Device, pressure transmitter and hygrometer are sent, the Field adjustment unit is by pressure-regulating device, electric-powered air release valve, humidifier structure
At.The 4-20mA signals that central controller, that is, PLC control system receives the data acquisition and monitoring unit feedback obtain live number
According to, the PLC control system obtains the adjustment amount of each control parameter according to the field data of feedback by internal processes operation,
The control instruction for carrying out parameter adjustment is generated, control Field adjustment unit action reaches the mesh of effectively control composting process
's.
Organic fertilizer aerobic fermentation production process is divided into heating control, normal fermentation control and cooling control three phases, this
In invention, fermentation monitor generates fermentation process image by temperature sensor, gas pressure sensor, humidity sensor and joins
Number, when Parameters variation exceeds setting range, fermentation monitor meeting automatic identification fermentation stage, in conjunction with the characteristics of different phase,
Adjust the other equipments cooperatings such as fan, humidifier；If setting value, central controller driving is not achieved in pressure, temperature for a long time
Alarm equipment alarm, and prompt failure cause.
Organic fertilizer aerobic fermentation control system, characterized in that specifically include following steps：
In the heating control stage, pressure value 15KPa, deviation 2KPa in heap body are set.PLC control system is obtaining in heap body every time
Pressure after, pressure value is compared with setting value.When pressure value is less than 15KPa higher than 13KPa in heap body, pass through adjusting
Electronic valve opening increases intake, when pressure value is higher than 15KPa in heap body, reduces intake by adjusting electronic valve opening,
Pressure is between 13KPa-15KPa in control heap body.
PLC control system acquires multi-point temperature in environment in real time, and each collection point temperature weight is arranged according to environmental structure, will
Each point temperature value ranking operation obtains bulk temperature value in environment.
The temperature value of three points in heap body is detected in the present invention using 3 temperature transmitters, and temperature value is fed back into PLC
Control system, after internal system sequential operation, if its average value is less than 55 DEG C higher than 30 DEG C, PLC control system output control
Instruction, electric-powered air release valve are opened, and outer circulation fan brings into operation, PC control, appropriate increasing exhaust amount.
The heating control stage, its main feature is that, in several preceding heating gradients, control system only runs interior circulating fan
Task, later stage just bring into operation outer circulation fan task.The corresponding relay of inner ring fan task control, is always maintained at normally opened shape
State.And outer circulation fan task starts to control corresponding relay then after preceding several heating gradients.According to customer parameter,
Outer circulation fan operation a period of time, just pause for a period of time, kept the operation of some cycles state.Run time and time out
Ratio determined according to mushroom characteristic.
The stage is controlled in normal fermentation, sets pressure value 15KPa, deviation 2KPa in heap body.PLC control system is by pressure value
It is compared with setting value.When pressure value is less than 15KPa higher than 13KPa in heap body, by adjust electronic valve opening increase into
Air quantity reduces intake when pressure value is higher than 15KPa in heap body by adjusting electronic valve opening, controls pressure in heap body and exists
Between 13KPa-15KPa.
When heap temperature reaches 40 DEG C or more, it is considered as into megathermal period fermentation process, the characteristics of this stage is interior cycle
Fan and outer circulation fan are always maintained at operating status according to both of which.
In the cooling control stage, pressure value 15KPa, deviation 2KPa in heap body are set.PLC control system is by the heap body of acquisition
Interior pressure value is compared with setting value.When pressure value is less than 15KPa higher than 13KPa in heap body, by adjusting motor-driven valve
Aperture increases intake, when pressure value is higher than 15KPa in heap body, reduces intake by adjusting electronic valve opening, controls heap
Internal pressure is between 13KPa-15KPa.Outer circulation fan continues to run with, until when temperature is down to 30 DEG C or less, it is out of service
Outer circulation fan.
The characteristics of this stage is to set in heap body moisture content as 50%, deviation 5%, when PLC control system receives hygrometer
Value of feedback be less than 45% when, PLC control system output order, open humidifier, keep the skin wet, the moisture content in heap body
When higher than 55%, humidifier is closed.
The invention has the advantages that：
The present invention without control, in the preliminary stage of microorganism growth, is dedicated to stable to fungus grown one temperature
Air environment, control device can provide one for microorganism as far as possible under the premise of not generating pessimal stimulation to microorganism
Comfortable growing environment.
The present invention is by the pressure control in heap body in 13-15 Kpa or so so that the air pressure in heap body is more than atmospheric pressure, oxygen
Gas is easier to penetrate into each corner in heap body, prevents dead angle from occurring, and causes non-uniform phenomenon of fermenting.
Humid control task is added in the present invention, can meet humidity requirement of certain fermented products to environment.
The control system also has higher scalability, can add thermograph, alarm, humidity tune according to user demand
The functions such as section.
The present invention can timely monitor the change in process situation of organic fertilizer aerobic fermentation comprehensively, and design it is simple, it is low at
This high-performance, high degree of automation.
Description of the drawings
Attached drawing 1 is the control structure block diagram of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode：
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the present invention will be further described.
The present invention is a kind of organic fertilizer aerobic fermentation control system, including data acquisition and monitoring unit, data processing and is deposited
Four storage unit, Field adjustment unit and central control computer parts.The data processing and storage unit are PLC controls system
System, the data acquisition and monitoring unit includes temperature transmitter, pressure transmitter and hygrometer, and the Field adjustment unit is by pressing
Apparatus for adjusting force, electric-powered air release valve, humidifier are constituted.Central control unit, that is, PLC control system receives the data acquisition
The 4-20mA signals of monitoring unit feedback obtain field data, and the PLC control system passes through journey according to the field data of feedback
Sequence internal arithmetic obtains the adjustment amount of each control parameter, generates the control instruction for carrying out parameter adjustment, and the scene of control is adjusted
Unit action is saved, achievees the purpose that effectively to control composting process.
The technical solution of the organic fertilizer aerobic fermentation control system of the present invention includes following three design：
Design 1：In the fermentation calefaction stage, air bleeding valve is turned down, pressure control in heap body is suitably reduced into intake in 13-15 Kpa,
Control system steps up heap temperature.In the heating control stage, interior circulated air is main control model.
Design 2：The normal fermentation control stage is considered as into the megathermal period and fermented when heap temperature reaches 40 DEG C or more
Journey is controlled by motor-driven valve in this stage and increases exhaust air rate, is controlled in the same of 13-15 Kpa or so keeping pressure in heap body
When, suitably increase intake.The stage is controlled in normal fermentation, interior circulating fan and outer circulation fan are according to both of which, always
Remain operational state.
Design 3：Ferment temperature-fall period, is controlled by motor-driven valve in this stage and increases exhaust air rate, is keeping pressure in heap body
Control suitably increases intake while 13-15 Kpa or so.In the cooling ferment control stage, interior cycle is closed, outer circulation
Fan is always maintained at operating status.Humidity opens humidification valve when moisture content is less than 40%RH in this stage detection heap body, fits
When keeping the skin wet.
Embodiment 1：
By the system for using the application in terms of cow dung aerobic fermentation production organic fertilizer：
Control system acquires the temperature of 3 points in environment using DS18B20 temp probes in real time by 3 temperature acquisition tasks
Angle value obtains bulk temperature in environment by ranking operation.
Circulating fan is always maintained at operating status in the heating control stage, does not execute outer circulation fan task, until heap body
Temperature is raised to 40 DEG C or more, this stage needs 3 days.
The stage is controlled in normal fermentation, when heap temperature reaches 40 DEG C or more, is considered as into megathermal period fermentation process,
This stage is controlled by motor-driven valve and increases exhaust air rate, while pressure control is in 13-15 Kpa in holding heap body, increases air inlet
Amount.The stage is controlled in normal fermentation, interior circulating fan and outer circulation fan are always maintained at operating status according to both of which.This
Stage heap temperature is 55 degree or so, continues 7-10 days.
It in temperature-fall period, is controlled by motor-driven valve in this stage and increases exhaust air rate, controlled in 13- keeping pressure in heap body
While 15 Kpa or so, intake is suitably increased.In the cooling ferment control stage, interior cycle is closed, and outer circulation fan is always
Remain operational state.Humidity opens humidification valve, suitably supplements water when moisture content is less than 40%RH in this stage detection heap body
Point.This stage continue 7-10 days, last heap temperature can drop to it is more slightly higher than environment temperature until.
Embodiment 2：
By the system for using the application in terms of pig manure aerobic fermentation production organic fertilizer：
Control system acquires in environment 3 points in real time by 3 temperature acquisition tasks, using KTR-18b20 temp probes
Temperature value obtains bulk temperature in environment by ranking operation.
Circulating fan is always maintained at operating status in the heating control stage, does not execute outer circulation fan task, until heap body
Temperature is raised to 38 DEG C or more, this stage needs 3 days.
The stage is controlled in normal fermentation, when heap temperature reaches 40 DEG C or more, is considered as into megathermal period fermentation process,
This stage is controlled by motor-driven valve and increases exhaust air rate, while pressure control is in 15 Kpa in holding heap body, increases intake.
The stage is controlled in normal fermentation, interior circulating fan and outer circulation fan are always maintained at operating status according to both of which.This stage
Heap temperature is 54 degree or so, continues 8-10 days.
It in temperature-fall period, is controlled by motor-driven valve in this stage and increases exhaust air rate, controlled 15 keeping pressure in heap body
While Kpa or so, intake is suitably increased.In the cooling ferment control stage, interior cycle is closed, and outer circulation fan is always maintained at
Operating status.Humidity opens humidification valve, suitably keeps the skin wet when moisture content is less than 43% in this stage detection heap body.This
Stage continue 8-10 days, last heap temperature can drop to it is more slightly higher than environment temperature until.
The above embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, it is other it is any without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention made by changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of organic fertilizer aerobic fermentation control system, it is characterised in that：It is including data acquisition and monitoring unit：Hygrometer, pressure
Power transmitter, temperature transmitter, Field adjustment unit, that is, pressure-regulating device, electric-powered air release valve, humidifier, data processing and
Storage unit, that is, PLC control system and central control computer.
2. a kind of application of the organic fertilizer aerobic fermentation control system described in claim 1 in organic fertilizer fermentation.
3. organic fertilizer fermentation described in claim 2, it is characterised in that pressure control is in 13-15 Kpa in fermentation process.
4. organic fertilizer fermentation described in claim 2, it is characterised in that temperature is between 30-55 DEG C in fermentation process.
5. organic fertilizer fermentation described in claim 2, it is characterised in that moisture control is 50% -55% in fermentation process.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710207780.0A CN108658635A (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2017-03-31 | A kind of organic fertilizer aerobic fermentation control system |
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| CN201710207780.0A CN108658635A (en) | 2017-03-31 | 2017-03-31 | A kind of organic fertilizer aerobic fermentation control system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109142647A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-01-04 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | A kind of scaling method of compost moisture content online monitoring instruments |
| CN109553447A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-02 | 惠州学院 | A kind of organic fertilizer fermentation TT&C system and its method based on NB-Iot |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104030749A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-09-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Small solid waste biological converter |
-
2017
- 2017-03-31 CN CN201710207780.0A patent/CN108658635A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104030749A (en) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-09-10 | 北京航空航天大学 | Small solid waste biological converter |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109142647A (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2019-01-04 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | A kind of scaling method of compost moisture content online monitoring instruments |
| CN109553447A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-02 | 惠州学院 | A kind of organic fertilizer fermentation TT&C system and its method based on NB-Iot |
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Application publication date: 20181016 |
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