CN108643122B - Vegetation and artificial dike combined energy dissipation dike and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Vegetation and artificial dike combined energy dissipation dike and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108643122B CN108643122B CN201810374592.1A CN201810374592A CN108643122B CN 108643122 B CN108643122 B CN 108643122B CN 201810374592 A CN201810374592 A CN 201810374592A CN 108643122 B CN108643122 B CN 108643122B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000010167 Allium cepa var aggregatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
- E02B3/08—Structures of loose stones with or without piles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a combined energy dissipation dike of vegetation and an artificial dike, which comprises: the top of the slope embankment is covered with wave-absorbing vegetation; the slope dyke includes: the artificial wetland system comprises a riprap foundation bed, a riprap dike core, an open caisson, a dry masonry protective surface and artificial wetland materials, wherein the riprap dike core is filled at the top of the riprap foundation bed, the open caisson is embedded in the riprap dike core, the dry masonry protective surface covers the slope of the riprap dike core, and the artificial wetland materials are filled in the open caisson and the dike top of the riprap dike core; the surfaces of the dry masonry protective surface and the artificial wetland material are covered with wave-absorbing vegetation. The combined energy dissipation dike of the vegetation and the artificial dike organically combines the structural wave dissipation and the vegetation wave dissipation, can ensure that the beautiful natural landscape of the coastal wetland is kept, and can obtain better wave dissipation effect with smaller occupied area and engineering quantity. The invention also provides a construction method of the vegetation and artificial dike combined energy dissipation dike.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of protection and wave absorption of coastal wetlands, in particular to a vegetation and artificial dike combined energy dissipation dike and a construction method thereof.
Background
The coastal wetland refers to a staggered transition zone of a land ecosystem and a marine ecosystem. According to the definition of international wetland convention, the lower limit of the coastal wetland is 6 meters below the sea level, and the upper limit is fresh water or semi-salt water lake and marsh which are connected with an inland river basin above a large tide line and a river reach of an inland river which cannot be reached by the upstream of seawater. The coastal wetland is a precious natural resource, is also one of important ecological system components, and has irreplaceable comprehensive functions.
In order to protect the coastal wetland from being damaged by external sea waves, the conventional breakwater needs a large occupied area and a large amount of engineering for the coastal wetland on one hand, and on the other hand, the wave-absorbing structure formed by concrete and stones and the wetland landscape of the depressed onion cannot be qualified, so that the ornamental value of the wetland landscape is damaged.
Therefore, how to provide a combined energy dissipation dyke of vegetation and artificial dykes and a construction method thereof is a problem which needs to be solved urgently by the technical personnel in the field.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a combined energy dissipation dike of vegetation and artificial dikes, which organically combines structural wave absorption and vegetation wave absorption, and can ensure that the beautiful natural landscape of the coastal wetland is not damaged, and can obtain better wave absorption effect with smaller occupied area and engineering quantity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a vegetation and artificial dike combined energy dissipation dike comprises: the top of the slope embankment is covered with the wave-absorbing vegetation; the slope dike includes: the artificial wetland system comprises a riprap foundation bed, a riprap dike core, an open caisson, a dry masonry protective surface and artificial wetland materials, wherein the riprap dike core is filled at the top of the riprap foundation bed, the open caisson is embedded in the riprap dike core, the dry masonry protective surface covers the slope of the riprap dike core, and the artificial wetland materials are filled in the open caisson and the dike top of the riprap dike core; the wave-absorbing vegetation covers the surfaces of the dry masonry protective surface and the artificial wetland material. The dry masonry protective surface provides the effect of protection for the inside riprap dyke core, and the constructed wetland material provides planting conditions for the wave-absorbing vegetation, and the slope dyke itself possesses the wave-absorbing effect of traditional wave-absorbing structure, and the trompil caisson of embedding is the key that realizes ecological protection sea levee. The combined energy dissipation dike of the vegetation and the artificial dike organically combines the structural wave dissipation and the vegetation wave dissipation, not only can ensure that the beautiful natural landscape of the coastal wetland is not damaged, but also can obtain better wave dissipation effect with smaller occupied area and engineering quantity.
Preferably, the riprap dike core is in a slope step shape, and the top of the open pore caisson is lower than the dike top of the riprap dike core. The slope step type riprap dyke core can ensure that different vegetations can be always maintained at a more reasonable wave-absorbing depth, and the wave-absorbing efficiency is improved.
Preferably, the wave-absorbing vegetation comprises halophyte herbaceous plants, halophyte arbor shrubs and artificial aquatic weeds, the halophyte herbaceous plants are planted on the artificial wetland material at the top of the riprap dyke center, the halophyte arbor shrubs are planted on the artificial wetland material inside the open hole caisson, and the artificial aquatic weeds are fixed on the surface of the dry masonry revetment. Halophyte shrubs with longer roots are planted on the artificial wetland material in the open caisson, so that the organic combination of the wave-absorbing vegetation and the breakwater is realized; the artificial aquatic weed can play a good slow flow and a certain wave absorption effect.
Preferably, the height of the halophyte is set to be not completely submerged when the water level is high, and not completely exposed to the air when the water level is low, so that the wave-absorbing effect is prevented from being greatly reduced after the water level exceeds the canopy.
Preferably, the planting depth of the halophyte arbor shrubs is to ensure that aerial roots of the halophyte arbor shrubs are not completely submerged, and survival of plants is ensured.
Preferably, the riprap dyke core adopts graded block stones, smaller block stones are placed at the lower part of the dyke core or the slope, and large block stones are placed on the top and the outer slope with strong wave action, so that the stability of the riprap dyke core structure is ensured.
Preferably, the number of trompil caisson is a plurality of, and every be provided with a plurality of square holes of random distribution on the trompil caisson, can avoid the local stress concentration of riprap dyke heart structure, guarantee the hydrologic cycle of wetland material in the trompil caisson.
Preferably, the slope embankment is arranged in a symmetrical structure, so that the integral stepped ecological protection embankment structure is attractive.
The invention also discloses a construction method of the vegetation and artificial dike combined energy dissipation dike, which comprises the following steps:
s1, basic processing: paving a riprap foundation bed;
s2, placing a perforated caisson on the riprap foundation bed after the riprap foundation bed is solidified and dried;
s3, carrying out dike core riprap by adopting graded stones to form a step-shaped riprap dike core;
s4, constructing a dry masonry protective surface on the slope surface of the riprap dike core;
s5, filling artificial wetland materials in the open caisson and the dike top of the riprap dike core;
s6, paving artificial aquatic weeds on the surface of the dry masonry protective surface;
and S7, planting halophyte vegetation on the artificial wetland material.
Wherein the halophytes in step S7 comprise halophytes and halophyte tree shrubs; and planting the halophyte herbaceous plants on the artificial wetland material at the top of the riprap dike core, and planting the halophyte arbor shrubs on the artificial wetland material in the open caisson.
According to the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention discloses the combined energy dissipation dike of the vegetation and the artificial dike, the better wave dissipation effect is obtained by the smaller sectional area through the combination of the structural wave dissipation and the vegetation wave dissipation, the whole stepped ecological protection sea dike is formed by the depressed shallots and the beautiful natural wetland landscape, and the ornamental value of the coastal wetland landscape is reserved.
The invention also discloses a construction method of the vegetation and artificial dike combined energy dissipation dike, which has simple steps and small occupied area and can protect the beautiful natural landscape of the coastal wetland.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a combined energy dissipation dyke of vegetation and an artificial dike provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of a construction method of the combined energy dissipation dyke of the vegetation and the artificial dike.
Wherein, 1 is halophyte herbaceous plant, 2 is wetland material, 3 is artificial aquatic plant, 4 is halophyte arbor shrub, 5 is drystone protective surface, 6 is open caisson, 7 is riprap dyke core, and 8 is riprap foundation bed.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A vegetation and artificial dike combined energy dissipation dike comprises: the top of the slope embankment is covered with wave-absorbing vegetation; the slope dyke includes: the artificial wetland comprises a riprap foundation bed 8, a riprap dyke core 7, an open caisson 6, a dry masonry protective surface 5 and artificial wetland materials 2, wherein the riprap dyke core 7 is filled at the top of the riprap foundation bed 8, the open caisson 6 is embedded in the riprap dyke core 7, the dry masonry protective surface 5 covers the slope of the riprap dyke core 7, and the artificial wetland materials 2 are filled in the open caisson 6 and the dyke top of the riprap dyke core 7; the surfaces of the dry masonry protective surface 5 and the artificial wetland material 2 are covered with wave-absorbing vegetation.
According to the combined energy dissipation dike of vegetation and artificial dike disclosed by the invention, the dry masonry protective surface 5 provides protection for the internal riprap dike core 7, the artificial wetland material 2 provides planting conditions for wave-absorbing vegetation, the slope dike has wave-absorbing effect of the traditional wave-absorbing structure, and the embedded open pore caisson 6 is the key for realizing ecological protection of the sea dike. The combined energy dissipation dike of the vegetation and the artificial dike organically combines the structural wave dissipation and the vegetation wave dissipation, not only can ensure that the beautiful natural landscape of the coastal wetland is not damaged, but also can obtain better wave dissipation effect with smaller occupied area and engineering quantity.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the riprap dike core 7 is in a slope ladder shape, and the top of the open caisson 6 is lower than the dike top of the riprap dike core 7. The slope step type riprap dyke core 7 can ensure that different vegetations can be always maintained at a more reasonable wave-absorbing depth, and the wave-absorbing efficiency is improved.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the wave-absorbing vegetation comprises halophyte herbaceous plants 1, halophyte arbor shrubs 4 and artificial aquatic weeds 3, the halophyte herbaceous plants 1 are planted on the artificial wetland material 2 on the top of the riprap dyke core 7, the halophyte arbor shrubs 4 are planted on the artificial wetland material 2 inside the open hole caisson 6, and the artificial aquatic weeds 3 are fixed on the surface of the dry masonry protective surface 5. The halophyte shrubs 4 with longer roots are planted on the artificial wetland material in the open caisson 6, so that the organic combination of the wave-absorbing vegetation and the breakwater is realized; the artificial aquatic weed can play a good slow flow and a certain wave absorption effect.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the height of the halophyte 1 is set to be not completely submerged when the water level is high, and is not completely exposed in the air when the water level is low, so that the wave-absorbing effect is prevented from being greatly reduced after the water level exceeds the canopy.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the planting depth of the halophyte arbors and shrubs 4 is to ensure that aerial roots of the halophyte arbors and shrubs are not completely submerged, and the survival of plants is ensured.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the riprap dyke core 7 adopts graded block stones, smaller block stones are placed at the lower part of the dyke core or the slope, and large block stones are placed on the top and the outer slope with strong wave action, so that the structural stability of the riprap dyke core 7 is ensured.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the open caisson 6 is provided with a plurality of square holes which are distributed randomly, so that the local stress concentration of the riprap dike core 7 structure can be avoided, and the water circulation of wetland materials in the open caisson is ensured.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the slope embankment is arranged to be of a symmetrical structure, so that the integral stepped ecological protection embankment structure is attractive.
A construction method of a vegetation and artificial dike combined energy dissipation dike comprises the following steps:
s1, basic processing: paving a riprap foundation bed 8 to lay a firm foundation for the stepped ecological protection seawall;
s2, placing a perforated caisson 6 on the riprap foundation bed 8 to realize the key of organically combining the halophyte trees, shrubs and protection dikes with longer roots;
s3, carrying out dike core riprap by adopting graded stones to form a step-shaped riprap dike core 7 so as to ensure the stability of the structure;
s4, constructing a dry masonry protective surface 5 on the slope surface of the riprap dike core 7 to protect the riprap dike core 7;
s5, filling artificial wetland materials 2 in the open caisson 6 and the top of the riprap dike core 7 to provide a planting foundation for planting wave-absorbing vegetation;
s6, paving the artificial float grass 3 on the surface of the dry stone protection surface 5, so that the slope surface of the riprap dyke core 7 has beautiful appearance;
s7, planting halophyte on the artificial wetland material 2 to enable the vegetation to be wave-absorbed and the structure to be wave-absorbed.
Wherein the halophyte in step S7 comprises halophyte 1 and halophyte arbor bush 4; halophytes 1 are planted on the artificial wetland material 2 on the top of the dike of the riprap dike core 7, and halophyte trees and shrubs 4 are planted on the artificial wetland material 2 inside the open caisson 6.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other. The device disclosed by the embodiment corresponds to the method disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the method part for description.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a vegetation and artifical dyke combination formula energy dissipation dyke which characterized in that includes: the top of the slope embankment is covered with the wave-absorbing vegetation;
the slope dike includes: the artificial wetland system comprises a riprap foundation bed (8), a riprap dyke core (7), an open pore caisson (6), a dry masonry protective surface (5) and artificial wetland materials (2), wherein the riprap dyke core (7) is filled at the top of the riprap foundation bed (8), the open pore caisson (6) is embedded in the riprap dyke core (7), the dry masonry protective surface (5) covers the slope of the riprap dyke core (7), and the artificial wetland materials (2) are filled in the open pore caisson (6) and the dyke top of the riprap dyke core (7); the surfaces of the dry masonry protective surface (5) and the artificial wetland material (2) are covered with the wave-absorbing vegetation;
the wave-absorbing vegetation includes: halophyte herbaceous plants (1), halophyte arbor shrubs (4) and artificial aquatic weeds (3), wherein the halophyte herbaceous plants (1) are planted on the artificial wetland material (2) on the top of the riprap dyke core (7), the halophyte arbor shrubs (4) are planted on the artificial wetland material (2) inside the open hole caisson (6), and the artificial aquatic weeds (3) are fixed on the surface of the dry masonry protective surface (5).
2. A combined vegetation and artificial dike according to claim 1 wherein the riprap centre (7) is slope stepped and the top of the open caisson (6) is lower than the top of the riprap centre (7).
3. A combined embankment and artificial embankment according to claim 2, wherein the height of the halophyte (1) is set such that it is not completely submerged at high water levels and not completely exposed to air at low water levels.
4. A combined vegetation and artificial embankment according to claim 2, wherein the saline tree shrubs (4) are planted at a depth such that their aerial roots are not completely submerged.
5. A combined vegetation and artificial dike according to claim 1 wherein the riprap core (7) is of graded block stone.
6. A combined type energy dissipating bank for a vegetation and artificial bank as claimed in claim 1 wherein there are a plurality of open caisson (6) and each open caisson (6) has a plurality of square holes randomly distributed.
7. A combined vegetation and artificial bank energy dissipating bank as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sloping bank is arranged in a symmetrical configuration.
8. A construction method of a vegetation and artificial dike combined energy dissipation dike is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, basic processing: paving a riprap foundation bed (8);
s2, placing a perforated caisson (6) on the riprap foundation bed (8);
s3, carrying out dike core riprap by adopting graded stones to form a step-shaped riprap dike core (7);
s4, constructing a dry masonry protective surface (5) on the slope surface of the riprap dike core (7);
s5, filling artificial wetland materials (2) in the open caisson (6) and the dike top of the riprap dike core (7);
s6, paving artificial waterweeds (3) on the surface of the dry masonry protective face (5);
s7, planting halophyte vegetation on the artificial wetland material (2).
9. A method of constructing a combined energy dissipating bank as claimed in claim 8, wherein the halophyte in step S7 includes halophyte (1) and halophyte shrub (4); and (2) planting the halophyte herbaceous plants (1) on the artificial wetland material (2) on the top of the riprap dyke core (7), and planting the halophyte arbor shrubs (4) on the artificial wetland material (2) in the open caisson (6).
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| CN201810374592.1A CN108643122B (en) | 2018-04-24 | 2018-04-24 | Vegetation and artificial dike combined energy dissipation dike and construction method thereof |
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| CN108643122B true CN108643122B (en) | 2020-07-03 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP7097103B2 (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2022-07-07 | 中国海洋大学 | Structure of erosion protection for coastal wetlands and its construction method |
| CN110016887A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-16 | 中交上海航道勘察设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of fill method for building aquatic ecosystem habitat |
| CN112681220A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-04-20 | 福州大学 | Mangrove forest ecological breakwater with stepped drop energy dissipation and working method thereof |
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| CN1851141A (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2006-10-25 | 国家环境保护总局南京环境科学研究所 | Ecological permeable dam, and its design and construction method |
| KR20080000156A (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2008-01-02 | 김흥섭 | Construction method of shore block |
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| CN102852118A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-01-02 | 陈东曙 | Sea wall construction method and composite sea wall thereof |
| CN206052652U (en) * | 2016-09-14 | 2017-03-29 | 广东中沃生态环境有限公司 | A kind of wetland recovery ecological intercepting dam |
| CN107700423A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-02-16 | 中交第三航务工程勘察设计院有限公司 | A kind of deep water soft soil foundation quay wall structure and its construction method |
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2018
- 2018-04-24 CN CN201810374592.1A patent/CN108643122B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1851141A (en) * | 2006-04-27 | 2006-10-25 | 国家环境保护总局南京环境科学研究所 | Ecological permeable dam, and its design and construction method |
| KR20080000156A (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2008-01-02 | 김흥섭 | Construction method of shore block |
| CN102852118A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2013-01-02 | 陈东曙 | Sea wall construction method and composite sea wall thereof |
| CN102433857A (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2012-05-02 | 天津大学 | Ecological type artificial coast with functions of pollution controlling and coast body self cleaning |
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