CN108605788A - Big tree high-survival rate complete crown transplanting system and construction method - Google Patents
Big tree high-survival rate complete crown transplanting system and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108605788A CN108605788A CN201810278235.5A CN201810278235A CN108605788A CN 108605788 A CN108605788 A CN 108605788A CN 201810278235 A CN201810278235 A CN 201810278235A CN 108605788 A CN108605788 A CN 108605788A
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- completely cured
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- transplanting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/04—Supports for hops, vines, or trees
- A01G17/14—Props; Stays
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G23/00—Forestry
- A01G23/02—Transplanting, uprooting, felling or delimbing trees
- A01G23/04—Transplanting trees; Devices for grasping the root ball, e.g. stump forceps; Wrappings or packages for transporting trees
- A01G23/043—Transplanting devices for grasping, undercutting or transporting the root ball
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of big tree high-survival rate complete crown transplanting system and construction methods, including prefabricated assembled ditch of being completely cured, monoblock type regularization support system, carrying package system and ecologic planting structure；It sets to excavate in week before big tree transplanting and be completely cured ditch, and prefabricated assembled ditch of being completely cured is implanted into ditch of being completely cured, be completely cured in ditch in assembled and backfill Nutrition Soil, the assembled be completely cured ditch top be equipped with embedded cover board, embedded cover board is equipped with draw ring, and stormy waves line, the big tree of stormy waves line connection are connected on draw ring；Soil ball excavation is repaiied stick together after transported to kind plant hole using regularization holder entrucking, water-retaining agent is arranged in kind plant hole bottom, is vertically close to soil ball and buries permeability cell, and in tree Zhou Erci setting monoblock type regularization support systems；When big tree ball transplanting, outsourcing burlap piece on the basis of straw rope wraps up, setting bracket is placed after entrucking, and sprays water-retaining agent, bactericidal agent etc., it is ensured that safety of the big tree in entrucking transportational process improves transplanting success.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of big tree high-survival rate complete crown transplanting system and construction methods；Belong to Landscape Construction neck
Domain belongs to before same climatic province, transplanting suitable for setting Proterozoic greatly and transplanting destination by the various complete of physiological metabolic regulation
The big tree of hat.
Background technology
Transplanting trees with whole canopy is an elemental operation in afforestation, be keep trees it is original tree-like on the basis of,
The planting patterns suitably transplanted after sparse branching, thin leaf.Transplanting trees with whole canopy is taken, growth cycle can be shortened, make Landscape
See can primary Cheng Jing, landscape effect is presented as early as possible, and improving the ecological environment, aspect is with obvious effects, therefore more and more gardens
Designer is the big tree of complete crown in afforestation.
But transplanting trees with whole canopy is to the more demanding of technology, and the cost is relatively high, how to ensure that the big tree of complete crown can be annual
Transplanting survival is the most important thing in landscape engineering construction.
In view of this, convenient there is an urgent need for inventing a kind of construction at present, transplanting success is high, while economic technology benefit is outstanding
Big tree high-survival rate complete crown transplants system.Prefabricated assembled box is arranged before big tree transplanting and is completely cured ditch by the present invention, and by disconnected
Supporting point on root trench cover is to setting greatly setting skewed horizontal load and drawing stormy waves line；Later stage excavates excavation shallow slot outside line in soil ball and pacifies
Prefabricated board is put, cover closure is equally used, secondary support is carried out to setting greatly using cover plate support point；And after tree soil ball entrucking greatly
Place setting bracket, and spray water-retaining agent, bactericidal agent etc., the survival rate of transplanting trees with whole canopy is greatly improved, there is preferable warp
Ji technical benefits.
In view of the above problems, therefore, it is necessary to it makes improvements.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of convenient, transplanting success height of constructing, while economic technology benefit is outstanding
Big tree high-survival rate complete crown transplanting system and construction method.
In order to reach object above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of big tree high-survival rate complete crown transplant
System, including prefabricated assembled ditch of being completely cured, monoblock type regularization support system, carrying package system and ecologic planting structure；Big tree
Tree week, which excavates, before transplanting is completely cured ditch, and is implanted into prefabricated assembled ditch of being completely cured in ditch of being completely cured, and is completely cured in ditch in assembled and backfills battalion
Support soil, the be completely cured top of ditch of the assembled is equipped with embedded cover board, and embedded cover board is equipped with draw ring, is connected with stormy waves on draw ring
Line, the big tree of stormy waves line connection；Soil ball excavation is repaiied stick together after transported to kind plant hole using regularization holder entrucking, kind plant hole bottom is arranged
Water-retaining agent is vertically close to soil ball and buries permeability cell, and monoblock type regularization support system is arranged in tree Zhou Erci.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the prefabricated assembled ditch of being completely cured is set to 6~10 times of diameters of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of tree greatly
Place, is spliced by box-shaped precast plate, is square or annular, the stitching portion of the box-shaped precast plate pass through solid core tongue and groove and connection spiral shell
Bar connects；The sidewall bottom of the box-shaped precast plate is formed with the side wall cutting edge for several cuttings to setting greatly；Prefabricated board exists
Setting splicing mouth at thick root, thick root runs through box-shaped precast plate side wall after using geotextiles outsourcing Nutrition Soil, prefabricated assembled to be completely cured
Earthing restores after stormy waves line is drawn in setting at the top of ditch.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the monoblock type regularization support system includes shallow slot prefabricated board and oblique
Support；The shallow slot prefabricated board is fixed by tongue and groove assembly squarely or annular using soil nailing；Setting fastening at the top of skewed horizontal load
Rubber is pasted in ring, dead ring inside；Skewed horizontal load lower part sets pressing steel plate.Pressing steel plate is tight with shallow slot prefabricated board after screw rod
Gu.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, 2 ~ 3 closed types of setting are horizontally-supported in the middle part of the skewed horizontal load.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the package system of carrying includes the grass for wrapping up the bottoms great Shu soil ball
Rope and the regularization holder for being positioned to trunk greatly；Cunette is arranged in soil ball bottom, encloses knot by straw rope and fixes, and
Burlap piece is arranged in straw rope surface.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the regularization holder is set to compartment tail portion, by setting bracket side plate,
Connection cross bar shelves plate, adjustable diagonal brace composition；Connection cross bar is located at the top of setting bracket side plate, shelves plate and is located at connection
Cross bar lower end, at adjustable diagonal brace position.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjustable diagonal brace is equipped with spring, spring with setting bracket side sheet room
One end be fixedly arranged on setting bracket side plate.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, a permeability cell is provided in described kind of plant hole；The one of the permeability cell
End is close to tree soil ball and is inserted into soil, and the other end exposes soil；The permeability cell set in kind plant hole is PVC material, in permeability cell
Discrete material is perfused, is sealed using non-woven fabrics.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present invention, described kind of plant hole bottom is provided with every salt deposit, is located at water-retaining agent every salt deposit
Bottom；Kind plant hole surrounding is provided with closure hidden pipe, which is connected.
A kind of construction method of big tree high-survival rate complete crown transplanting system, key step are as follows：
1）Preparation of construction：Soil is handled before transplanting, big tree Proterozoic soil characteristic is measured, according to measurement result to transplanting
Ground soil characteristic is improved, and keeps two places soil characteristic similar；
2）Prefabricated assembled box is installed to be completely cured ditch：At apart from big tree root diameter distance for big 6 ~ 10 times of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of tree, along big tree east
Ditch of being completely cured is dug in western both sides, pre-buried assembled casing in ditch of being completely cured, and box ditch of being completely cured is spliced by prefabricated board, splices prefabricated board
It meets the processing of thick root opening, wouldn't cut off, using running through box-shaped precast plate after geotextiles outsourcing Nutrition Soil, while backfill in ditch of being completely cured
Loose Nutrition Soil, top uses cover closure, and draws stormy waves line, lid surface earthing to setting to set greatly by the supporting point on cover board
Reduction treatment；
3）Monoblock type regularization support system is installed：Monoblock type regularization support system is installed before pick, i.e., is excavated outside line in soil ball
It excavates shallow slot and places prefabricated board, fixed by soil nailing, equally use cover closure, propped up using cover plate support point setting greatly
Dead ring is arranged in support, skewed horizontal load top, the soft objects such as rubber is pasted on the inside of dead ring, while adding closure level to skewed horizontal load
Support；
4）Soil ball is excavated：Centered on trunk, circle is marked by predetermined size, in the outer operation ditch that digs of circle to prescribed depth, is removed
Prefabricated be completely cured ditch and the regularization support system placed when being completely cured, Tu Tuo accomplish the up big and down small soil ball in frustoconical, lead to
It crosses straw rope and encloses knot fixation；
5）Trees load and unload and transport：Forward, tree crown uses tightrope to soil ball towards automobile tail, trunk after wrapping up soft material when entrucking
It tightening, soil ball underlay weak soil, trunk and tree crown are fixed by regularization holder, and wet straw bag is covered after entrucking and is protected, and and
When spray trees water-retaining agent；
6）Excavate kind of a plant hole, transplanting：Kind of a plant hole is dug by design position, in level of ground water higher position, using seepage pipe draining side
Method is laid with hidden pipe and the salinity in soil is drained with water, returns soil while embedded root permeability cell；
7）Staking, sunshade net：After field planting, monoblock type regularization support system is set in tree Zhou Erci, and set up sunshade net；
8）Maintenance management after transplanting：After transplanting moisture, sprouting, nutrient, illumination and temperature management are carried out to setting greatly.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
It is completely cured ditch 1. prefabricated assembled box is arranged in the present invention before big tree transplanting, box is completely cured ditch by prefabricated board splices
At splicing prefabricated board is open when meeting thick root, and thick root runs through box-shaped precast plate after using geotextiles outsourcing Nutrition Soil, is returned in ditch of being completely cured
Loose Nutrition Soil is filled out, top uses cover closure, and by the supporting point on cover board to setting setting skewed horizontal load greatly and drawing stormy waves
Line, lid surface earthing reduction treatment；
2. the present invention installs monoblock type regularization support system before soil ball is excavated, i.e., excavates shallow slot outside soil ball excavation line and pacify
Prefabricated board is put, is fixed by soil nailing, cover closure is equally used, is supported using cover plate support point to setting greatly, skewed horizontal load
Dead ring is arranged in top, and the soft objects such as rubber are pasted on the inside of dead ring, while being added to skewed horizontal load and being closed horizontally-supported, substantially carries
Height transplanting operational security；
3. set ball transplanting greatly, outsourcing burlap piece on the basis of straw rope wraps up places setting bracket, and sprays guarantor after entrucking
Aqua, bactericidal agent etc., it is ensured that safety of the big tree in entrucking transportational process improves transplanting success.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram before big tree high-survival rate complete crown transplanting system transplanting of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the prefabricated assembled ditch scheme of installation of being completely cured of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the prefabricated assembled ditch installation vertical view of being completely cured of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is that soil ball wraps up schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is that soil ball wraps up sectional view in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is regularization rack arrangement schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is big tree transplanting rear support system schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is that ball transplanting backfills structural schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 9 is that ball transplanting backfills high water level structural schematic diagram in the present invention；
Figure 10 is construction process figure of the present invention.
Reference numeral in figure：The big trees of 1-；2- stormy waves lines；The embedded cover boards of 3-；4- assembleds are completely cured ditch；The thick roots of 5-；6- kinds
Plant soil；7- draw rings；8- Nutrition Soils；9- geotextiles；10- side wall cutting edges；11- dead rings；12- skewed horizontal loads；13- is horizontally-supported；
14- shallow slot prefabricated boards；15- pressing plates；16- screw rods；17- pre-embedded steel slabs；18- soil nailings；19- water-retaining agent；20- soil balls；21- grass
Rope；22- burlap pieces；The graft areas 23- soil；24- closed type hidden pipes；25- is every salt deposit；26- permeability cells；27- discrete materials；28-
Carrier；29- springs；30- setting bracket side plates；31- connection cross bars；The adjustable diagonal braces of 32-；33- adjusting bolts；34- shelves plate；
35- solid core tongue and grooves；36- connecting screws.
Specific implementation mode
It elaborates below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment：The precasting process requirement of the structures such as prefabricated assembled ditch of being completely cured, shallow slot prefabricated board in present embodiment, greatly
Tree transplanting Hoisting Construction Technology requirement, maintaining process requires etc. to repeat no more after big tree transplanting, and emphasis illustrates of the present invention
The embodiment of big tree high-survival rate complete crown transplanting system.
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram before big tree high-survival rate complete crown transplanting system transplanting of the invention, and Fig. 2 is that the present invention is prefabricated assembled
It is completely cured ditch scheme of installation, Fig. 3 is the prefabricated assembled ditch installation vertical view of being completely cured of the present invention, and Fig. 4 is that soil ball is wrapped up in the present invention
Schematic diagram, Fig. 5 are that soil ball wraps up sectional view in the present invention, and Fig. 6 is regularization rack arrangement schematic diagram of the present invention, and Fig. 7 is this hair
Bright big tree transplanting rear support system schematic diagram, Fig. 8 are that ball transplanting backfills structural schematic diagram in the present invention, and Fig. 9 is in the present invention
Ball transplanting backfills high water level structural schematic diagram, and Figure 10 is construction process figure of the present invention.Referring to Fig.1 shown in -9, the present invention is big
It sets high-survival rate complete crown and transplants system, mainly by prefabricated assembled ditch of being completely cured, monoblock type regularization support system, carrying inclusion enclave
System and ecologic planting structure composition.
A kind of big tree high-survival rate complete crown transplanting system, including prefabricated assembled ditch of being completely cured, monoblock type regularization supporter
Package system and ecologic planting structure are carried by system；Tree week ditch of being completely cured is excavated before 1 transplanting of big tree, and is implanted into ditch of being completely cured prefabricated
Assembled is completely cured ditch 4, is completely cured in ditch 4 in assembled and is backfilled Nutrition Soil 8, the assembled be completely cured ditch 4 top be equipped with it is embedded
Cover board 3, embedded cover board 3 are equipped with draw ring 7, and stormy waves line 2 is connected on draw ring 7, and stormy waves line 2 connects big tree 1；Soil ball excavation, which is repaiied, to stick together
It is transported afterwards to kind plant hole using regularization holder entrucking, water-retaining agent is arranged in kind plant hole bottom, is vertically close to soil ball and buries permeability cell
26, and monoblock type regularization support system is set in tree Zhou Erci；Stormy waves line 2 is drawn to setting greatly by draw ring 7, ensure that big tree 1
Stability and safety.
Prefabricated assembled ditch 4 of being completely cured is placed equidistant at least provided with 2 at the 6-10 times of diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of big tree 1；Prefabrication and assembly construction
Formula ditch 4 of being completely cured is spliced by box-shaped precast plate, and box-shaped precast plate is square or annular；The stitching portion of the box-shaped precast plate passes through
Solid core tongue and groove 35 and connecting screw 36 connect；Using the above structure so that the integral strength and firmness of box-shaped precast plate are significantly
It improves, ensure that the safety of transplanting trees with whole canopy；The sidewall bottom of box-shaped precast plate is formed with for several cuttings to setting greatly
Side wall cutting edge 10, side wall cutting edge 10 cut short mainly for some the tiny roots set greatly, and 10 annular of side wall cutting edge is laid
In the sidewall bottom of box-shaped precast plate；If cut for the thick root 5 of big tree 1, we are arranged in box-shaped precast plate at thick root 5
Splice mouth, thick root 5 runs through box-shaped precast plate side wall, prefabricated assembled 4 top of ditch of being completely cured after using 9 outsourcing Nutrition Soil 8 of geotextiles
Earthing restores after stormy waves line 2 is drawn in setting.
It is excavated in soil ball before excavating and excavates shallow slot outside line, place shallow slot prefabricated board 14, band is arranged in 14 top of shallow slot prefabricated board
16 steel plate of screw rod, by screw rod 16 to setting 3 ~ 4 skewed horizontal load 12 of setting greatly；Soil ball excavation repair stick together after using regularization prop up it is rack-mounted
Vehicle is transported to kind plant hole, and water-retaining agent is arranged in kind plant hole bottom, is vertically close to soil ball and is buried permeability cell, and is whole in tree Zhou Erci settings
Body formula regularization support system.
The monoblock type regularization support system is made of shallow slot prefabricated board 14 and skewed horizontal load 12；The shallow slot prefabricated board
14, by tongue and groove assembly squarely or annular, are fixed using soil nailing 18；Dead ring 11, dead ring 11 is arranged in 12 top of skewed horizontal load
Paste rubber in inside；Rubber can prevent dead ring from ensure that the integrality of trees to the destruction of trees appearance, improve survival
Rate；12 lower part of skewed horizontal load sets pressing steel plate 15；Pressing steel plate 15 fastens after running through screw rod 16；Pressing steel plate 15 runs through in other words
It is fastened with shallow slot prefabricated board 14 after screw rod 16；
By the setting of shallow slot prefabricated board 14 and skewed horizontal load 12, the connection knot of skewed horizontal load 12 and shallow slot prefabricated board 14 can be made
Structure is more firm, by the setting of pre-embedded steel slab 17 and pressing plate 15, further promotes skewed horizontal load 12 and the structure on ground is steady
Fixed degree, the support effect for making skewed horizontal load 12 more preferably, pass through the skewed horizontal load 12, it is possible to reduce urban afforestation is inclined due to tree body
Tiltedly, the case where trees caused by toppling over can not survive, improves the survival rate set greatly newly transplanted, has to the Urban Greening in city
Greatly help.
2 ~ 3 closed types horizontally-supported 13 are arranged in 12 middle part of skewed horizontal load；Skewed horizontal load 12 is further improved to setting greatly
Stability of strutting system, ensure that safe to use；Pre-embedded steel slab 17 is installed on shallow slot prefabricated board 14, pre-embedded steel slab 17 and shallow slot are pre-
Making sheet 14 is fixedly connected, and is integrally formed；Pre-embedded steel slab 17 is fixedly connected with pressing steel plate 15 by screw rod 16.
The present invention installs monoblock type regularization support system before excavation, i.e., excavates excavation shallow slot outside line in soil ball and place
Prefabricated board is fixed by soil nailing, is equally used cover closure, is supported using cover plate support point to setting greatly, on skewed horizontal load
Dead ring is arranged in portion, and the soft objects such as rubber are pasted on the inside of dead ring, while it is horizontally-supported to add closure to skewed horizontal load；Support system
After installation is complete, tree crown is trimmed.
The package system of carrying includes soil ball 20 for wrapping up the bottoms great Shu and for being positioned to trunk greatly
Regularization holder；Soil ball 20 is excavated：Centered on trunk, circle is marked by predetermined size, is extremely provided in the outer operation ditch that digs of circle
Depth, prefabricated be completely cured ditch and the regularization support system that removal is placed when being completely cured, it is in frustoconical that Tu Tuo, which accomplishes up big and down small,
Soil ball 20, it is tapered that the soil ball 20 presents roundlet lower greatly；Cunette is arranged in 20 bottom of soil ball, encloses knot by straw rope 21 and fixes, and
The setting burlap piece 22 on 21 surface of straw rope；Big tree butt is wound to top using straw rope 21 is soaked；Big tree tree crown is using soft
Rope is crowded around
When big tree ball transplanting, outsourcing burlap piece on the basis of straw rope wraps up, setting bracket is placed after entrucking to be ensured to set greatly
Safety in entrucking transportational process improves transplanting success.Trees load and unload and transport：When entrucking soil ball 20 forward, tree crown to
Automobile tail, is tightened with tightrope after trunk package soft material, 20 underlay weak soil of soil ball, trunk and tree crown pass through regularization branch
Frame is fixed, and wet straw bag is covered after entrucking and is protected, and sprays trees water-retaining agent in time.
Regularization holder is set to compartment tail portion, by setting bracket side plate 30, connection cross bar 31, shelves plate 34, adjustable
Diagonal brace 32 forms；Connection cross bar 31 is located at the top of setting bracket side plate 30, shelves plate 34 and is located at 31 lower end of connection cross bar, close
At 32 position of adjustable diagonal brace.
The adjusting bolt 33 for adjusting 32 length of adjustable diagonal brace is provided on adjustable diagonal brace 32；Using above-mentioned side
Case can adjust the length of adjustable diagonal brace 32 by adjusting bolt 33, can transport the trees of the size of different size, practical
Range is wide, is readily transported use；
Spring 29 is equipped between adjustable diagonal brace 30 and setting bracket side plate 30, one end of spring 29 is fixedly arranged on setting bracket side plate 30
On；It shelves plate 34 and is equipped with rubber spacer；By spring 29 being arranged and on shelving plate 34 equipped with rubber spacer, effectively prevent
Double swerve of the trees in transportational process, avoids the contact between trunk and holder, ensure that the delivery safety of trees.
Ecologic planting structure includes the kind plant hole for transplanting plantation trees, and the bottom for planting plant hole is provided with water-retaining agent 19,
It is provided with a permeability cell 26 in kind plant hole；One end of the permeability cell 26 is close to tree soil ball and is inserted into soil, other end dew
Go out soil；Be perfused discrete material in permeability cell 26, the suitable for reading of permeability cell 26 is enclosed with non-woven fabrics, discrete material be perlite or
Fine sand；Permeability cell 26 is PVC material；Permeability cell 26 is arranged 3~5.
It returns in soil while plant pit and buries the PVC permeability cells of diameter 100mm（Dual-purpose conveys solution, moisture and prevention disease pest
Evil）.Setting 3 ~ 5.Ventilative length of tube is advisable with being higher by soil ball 50mm, and permeability cell is vertically close to soil ball and is placed, interior pvc pipe is managed
Perlite is inside filled up, fine sand can be also poured into, it is suitable for reading to be blocked with thin non-woven fabrics.
Permeability cell not only ensure that the smooth exchange of oxygen and toxic gas in kind of plant hole, but also be late maintaining top dressing again
Splendid channel, nutrition can be directly sent to tree root system, avoid the waste of fertilizer；The aeration of high soil, prevents soil
It is hardened, root system is sprouted conducive to the big tree newly transplanted, increases survival rate；Water is controlled, transplant trees cause it because root system is damaged
Water absorbing capacity weakens, and is moistened to soil conservation, and water, which crosses conference, influences the gas permeability of soil, is unfavorable for root system respiration, sternly
Root phenomenon is macerated in also occurring that for weight, once there is even rainy day gas, the extra water of big usage tree root can be extracted by venthole.
When described kind of plant hole level of ground water is higher, kind plant hole bottom is provided with every salt deposit 25, is located at water conservation every salt deposit 25
The bottom of agent 19；Kind plant hole surrounding, which is provided with, is closed hidden pipe 24, which is connected；By design position
Kind of a plant hole is dug, the operation ditch of 400mm is stayed per side, hidden pipe is laid with soil using seepage pipe water discharge method in level of ground water higher position
In salinity drain with water, be conducive to trees growth；Greening seedling coverage rate can not only be expanded, improve regional ecological ring
Border can also eliminate salt damage, bring more land under cultivation, and promote agricultural production, and greening, ecological benefits and economic benefit etc. is made to obtain
To improvement.
The construction method of big tree high-survival rate complete crown transplanting system, it is characterised in that：Key step is as follows：
1）Preparation of construction：Soil is handled before transplanting, big tree Proterozoic soil characteristic is measured, according to measurement result to transplanting
Ground soil characteristic is improved, and keeps two places soil characteristic similar；
2）Prefabricated assembled box is installed to be completely cured ditch：At apart from big tree root diameter distance for big 6 ~ 10 times of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of tree, along big tree east
Ditch of being completely cured is dug in western both sides, pre-buried assembled casing in ditch of being completely cured, and box ditch of being completely cured is spliced by prefabricated board, splices prefabricated board
It meets the processing of thick root opening, wouldn't cut off, using running through box-shaped precast plate after geotextiles outsourcing Nutrition Soil, while backfill in ditch of being completely cured
Loose Nutrition Soil, top uses cover closure, and draws stormy waves line, lid surface earthing to setting to set greatly by the supporting point on cover board
Reduction treatment；
3）Monoblock type regularization support system is installed：Monoblock type regularization support system is installed before pick, i.e., is excavated outside line in soil ball
It excavates shallow slot and places prefabricated board, fixed by soil nailing, equally use cover closure, propped up using cover plate support point setting greatly
Dead ring is arranged in support, skewed horizontal load top, the soft objects such as rubber is pasted on the inside of dead ring, while adding closure level to skewed horizontal load
Support；
4）Soil ball is excavated：Centered on trunk, circle is marked by predetermined size, in the outer operation ditch that digs of circle to prescribed depth, is removed
Prefabricated be completely cured ditch and the regularization support system placed when being completely cured, Tu Tuo accomplish the up big and down small soil ball in frustoconical, lead to
It crosses straw rope and encloses knot fixation；
5）Trees load and unload and transport：Forward, tree crown uses tightrope to soil ball towards automobile tail, trunk after wrapping up soft material when entrucking
It tightening, soil ball underlay weak soil, trunk and tree crown are fixed by regularization holder, and wet straw bag is covered after entrucking and is protected, and and
When spray trees water-retaining agent；
6）Excavate kind of a plant hole, transplanting：Kind of a plant hole is dug by design position, in level of ground water higher position, using seepage pipe draining side
Method is laid with hidden pipe and the salinity in soil is drained with water, returns soil while embedded root permeability cell；
7）Staking, sunshade net：After field planting, monoblock type regularization support system is set in tree Zhou Erci, and set up sunshade net；
8）Maintenance management after transplanting：After transplanting moisture, sprouting, nutrient, illumination and temperature management are carried out to setting greatly.
When construction, according to the condition of the kind and construction of institute's transplanting, specific transplantation Project and safety measure are formulated, is moved
Soil is handled before planting, measures big tree Proterozoic soil characteristic, transplanting ground soil characteristic is changed according to measurement result
It is good, keep two places soil characteristic similar.
It determines after moving big tree, takes contracting root measure within 2~3 years in advance.It is completely cured the time, weather turns to warm up to sprout before and after the beginning of spring
It is carried out with fall foliage the first two time before bud.It is completely cured the 1st year, at apart from big tree root diameter distance for 7 times of the big tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, edge
Tree east and west sides dig 600mm wide greatly, and depth is to set 4 times of ditch of being completely cured of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground greatly, pre-buried assembled casing in ditch of being completely cured.Box is disconnected
Root ditch is spliced by prefabricated board, and splicing prefabricated board is met the root opening processing that rough is 50mm or more, wouldn't be cut off, using soil
Run through box-shaped precast plate after work cloth outsourcing Nutrition Soil, to prevent setting lodging greatly；Rough is the root of 10mm or more, and 150mg/ is used after being completely cured
L concentration root-inducing powders impregnate 2~3 minutes, while the loose Nutrition Soil of backfill in ditch of being completely cured, and top uses cover closure, and passes through lid
Supporting point on plate is to setting greatly setting skewed horizontal load and drawing stormy waves line, lid surface earthing reduction treatment.It is completely cured the 2nd year, big
Usage tree root south and north flanks repeat the above work.It is completely cured the 3rd year, chops the thick roots of 50mm or more off, big tree of being completely cured need to be reinforced conserving, moisturizing
With anti-ponding, hot weather moisturizing, rainy weather water drainage.
Monoblock type regularization support system is installed before excavating, i.e., excavate excavation shallow slot outside line in soil ball and places prefabricated board,
It is fixed by soil nailing, equally uses cover closure, be supported using cover plate support point to setting greatly, the setting of skewed horizontal load top is tight
Gu ring, the soft objects such as rubber are pasted in dead ring inside, while it is horizontally-supported to add closure to skewed horizontal load.Installation is complete for support system
Afterwards, tree crown is trimmed.
It transplants and sprays big tree growth dormancy agent to big tree tree crown by the previous moon, while big tree growth suspend mode is injected to trunk
Agent.
First tree crown straw rope has been held together when digging tree.Soil ball specification is 7 ~ 10 times of the big tree diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground, and soil ball height is generally soil
2/3 or so of bulb diameter.Before pick centered on trunk, circle is marked by predetermined size, in the outer operation ditch for digging 600 ~ 800mm of circle
The prefabricated ditch of being completely cured placed when being completely cured to prescribed depth, removal.Tu Tuo is accomplished into the up big and down small soil in frustoconical with shovel
Ball, soil ball bottom size are generally 1/3 of soil ball diameter or so, and it is in " apple shape " to make soil ball shape, finally uses spade from soil ball bottom
Portion sideling to internal cutting off main root, makes soil ball be separated the bottom of with.Receive bottom when meet coarse root system answer it is sawed-off.
Straw rope is wound at the high intermediate position of soil ball with the straw rope for having soaked water, soil ball waist is wound tightly, with around with bat
It beats and ties tight, waist rope width is depending on soil ball soil property, generally 1/5 or so of soil ball；After having enclosed waist rope, inwardly dug in soil ball bottom
The cunette of one circle 100mm wide, around bottom edge, straw rope is not easy to loosen pocket when being packaged with profit,
Handling and transportational process reinforce the tree crown crowded around.Soil ball is first bundled in manila rope when lifting from top to bottom on 2/5 position
It tightens, rope is buckled on crane hook, and soft object on steel cable or big paunch mat is then tied up to the appropriate position of trunk, rope
Also it is buckled on fishhook, slowly lifts by crane.Forward, towards automobile tail, trunk wraps up after soft material with soft tree crown soil ball when entrucking
Rope tightens, and soil ball underlay weak soil, trunk and tree crown are fixed by regularization holder, and wet straw bag is covered after entrucking and is protected, and
Spray trees water-retaining agent in time.
Kind of a plant hole is dug by design position, stays the operation ditch of 400mm to be drained using seepage pipe in level of ground water higher position per side
Method is laid with hidden pipe and the salinity in soil is drained with water, returns in soil while plant pit and buries the PVC permeability cells of diameter 100mm（It is simultaneous
With conveying solution, moisture and prevention pest and disease damage）.Setting 3 ~ 5.Ventilative length of tube is advisable with being higher by soil ball 50mm, by permeability cell
It is vertical to be close to soil ball placement, it manages in interior pvc pipe and fills up perlite, can also pour into fine sand, it is suitable for reading to be blocked with thin non-woven fabrics.
After field planting, monoblock type regularization support system is set in tree Zhou Erci, and set up sunshade net.After transplanting to set greatly into
Row moisture, sprouting, nutrient, illumination and temperature management.
As shown in Figure 10, the construction key step of tree high-survival rate complete crown transplanting system greatly is as follows：
1）Preparation of construction：Soil is handled before transplanting, big tree Proterozoic soil characteristic is measured, according to measurement result to transplanting
Ground soil characteristic is improved, and keeps two places soil characteristic similar.
2）Prefabricated assembled box is installed to be completely cured ditch：At apart from big tree root diameter distance for big 6 ~ 10 times of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of tree, along big
Tree east and west sides digging is completely cured ditch, pre-buried assembled casing in ditch of being completely cured, and box ditch of being completely cured is spliced by prefabricated board, and splicing is pre-
Making sheet is met the processing of thick root opening, wouldn't be cut off, and using running through box-shaped precast plate after geotextiles outsourcing Nutrition Soil, while being completely cured in ditch
Loose Nutrition Soil is backfilled, top uses cover closure, and draws stormy waves line, lid surface to setting to set greatly by the supporting point on cover board
Earthing reduction treatment.
3）Monoblock type regularization support system is installed：Monoblock type regularization support system is installed before pick, i.e., is excavated in soil ball
Excavate shallow slot outside line and place prefabricated board, fixed by soil nailing, equally use cover closure, using cover plate support point to set greatly into
Row support, skewed horizontal load top are arranged dead ring, paste the soft objects such as rubber on the inside of dead ring, while adding closure to skewed horizontal load
It is horizontally-supported.
4）Soil ball is excavated：Centered on trunk, circle is marked by predetermined size, in the outer operation ditch that digs of circle to prescribed depth,
Prefabricated be completely cured ditch and the regularization support system that removal is placed when being completely cured, Tu Tuo accomplish the up big and down small soil in frustoconical
Ball encloses knot by straw rope and fixes.
5）Trees load and unload and transport：Soil ball forward, use towards automobile tail, trunk after wrapping up soft material by tree crown when entrucking
Tightrope tightens, and soil ball underlay weak soil, trunk and tree crown are fixed by regularization holder, and wet straw bag is covered after entrucking and is protected,
And trees water-retaining agent is sprayed in time.
6）Excavate kind of a plant hole, transplanting：Kind of a plant hole is dug by design position to arrange using seepage pipe in level of ground water higher position
Water method is laid with hidden pipe and the salinity in soil is drained with water, returns soil while embedded root permeability cell.
7）Staking, sunshade net：After field planting, monoblock type regularization support system is set in tree Zhou Erci, and set up sunshade
Net.
8）Maintenance management after transplanting：After transplanting moisture, sprouting, nutrient, illumination and temperature management are carried out to setting greatly.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention；Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest range caused.
Although reference numeral in figure is used more herein：The big trees of 1-；2- stormy waves lines；The embedded cover boards of 3-；4- is assembled
Formula is completely cured ditch；The thick roots of 5-；6- planting soils；7- draw rings；8- Nutrition Soils；9- geotextiles；10- side wall cutting edges；11- dead rings；12- is oblique
To support；13- is horizontally-supported；14- shallow slot prefabricated boards；15- pressing plates；16- screw rods；17- pre-embedded steel slabs；18- soil nailings；19- is protected
Aqua；20- soil balls；21- straw ropes；22- burlap pieces；The graft areas 23- soil；24- closed type hidden pipes；25- is every salt deposit；26- is ventilative
Pipe；27- discrete materials；28- carriers；29- springs；30- setting bracket side plates；31- connection cross bars；The adjustable diagonal braces of 32-；33-
Adjusting bolt；34- shelves plate；35- solid core tongue and grooves；The terms such as 36- connecting screws, but the possibility using other terms is not precluded
Property；The use of these items is only for more easily describe and explain the essence of the present invention；It is construed as any type
Additional limitation is all disagreed with spirit of that invention.
Claims (10)
1. tree high-survival rate complete crown greatly transplants system, it is characterised in that：Including prefabricated assembled ditch of being completely cured, monoblock type regularization branch
Package system and ecologic planting structure are carried by support body system；Big tree（1）Tree week excavates ditch of being completely cured before transplanting, and in ditch interplantation of being completely cured
Enter prefabricated assembled ditch of being completely cured（4）, it is completely cured ditch in assembled（4）Interior backfill Nutrition Soil（8）, the assembled is completely cured ditch（4）'s
Top is equipped with embedded cover board（3）, embedded cover board（3）It is equipped with draw ring（7）, draw ring（7）On be connected with stormy waves line（2）, stormy waves
Line（2）The big tree of connection（1）；Soil ball excavation is repaiied stick together after transported to kind plant hole using regularization holder entrucking, kind plant hole bottom is arranged
Water-retaining agent is vertically close to soil ball and buries permeability cell（26）, and monoblock type regularization support system is set in tree Zhou Erci.
2. big tree high-survival rate complete crown according to claim 1 transplants system, it is characterised in that：Described is prefabricated assembled
It is completely cured ditch（4）It is set at 6~10 times of diameters of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of tree greatly, is spliced by box-shaped precast plate, is square or annular, the box-shaped precast
The stitching portion of plate passes through solid core tongue and groove（35）And connecting screw（36）Connection；The sidewall bottom of the box-shaped precast plate forms useful
In the side wall cutting edge of several cuttings to setting greatly（10）；Splicing mouth is arranged in prefabricated board at thick root, and thick root uses geotextiles outsourcing
Run through box-shaped precast plate side wall after Nutrition Soil, earthing after drawing stormy waves line is set at the top of prefabricated assembled ditch of being completely cured and is restored.
3. big tree high-survival rate complete crown according to claim 1 transplants system, it is characterised in that：The monoblock type regularization
Support system includes shallow slot prefabricated board（14）And skewed horizontal load（12）；The shallow slot prefabricated board（14）By tongue and groove assembly squarely or
Annular, using soil nailing（18）It is fixed；Skewed horizontal load（12）Dead ring is arranged in top（11）, dead ring（11）Paste rubber in inside；
Skewed horizontal load（12）Lower part sets pressing steel plate（15）, pressing steel plate（15）Through screw rod（16）Afterwards with shallow slot prefabricated board（14）Tightly
Gu.
4. big tree high-survival rate complete crown according to claim 3 transplants system, it is characterised in that：The skewed horizontal load（12）
It is horizontally-supported that 2 ~ 3 closed types are arranged in middle part（13）.
5. big tree high-survival rate complete crown according to claim 1 transplants system, it is characterised in that：The carrying package system
Including being used to wrap up the bottoms great Shu soil ball（20）Straw rope（21）With the regularization holder for being positioned to trunk greatly；Soil
Ball（20）Cunette is arranged in bottom, passes through straw rope（21）It encloses knot to fix, and in straw rope（21）Burlap piece is arranged in surface（22）.
6. big tree high-survival rate complete crown according to claim 5 transplants system, it is characterised in that：The regularization branch is set up
It is placed in compartment tail portion, by setting bracket side plate（30）, connection cross bar（31）, shelve plate（34）, adjustable diagonal brace（32）Composition；Even
Connect cross bar（31）Positioned at setting bracket side plate（30）Top, shelve plate（34）Positioned at connection cross bar（31）Lower end, close to adjustable
Formula diagonal brace（32）At position.
7. big tree high-survival rate complete crown according to claim 6 transplants system, it is characterised in that：The adjustable diagonal brace
（30）With setting bracket side plate（30）Between be equipped with spring（29）, spring（29）One end be fixedly arranged on setting bracket side plate（30）On.
8. big tree high-survival rate complete crown according to claim 1 transplants system, it is characterised in that：Setting in described kind of plant hole
There is a permeability cell（26）；The permeability cell（26）One end be close to tree soil ball be inserted into soil in, the other end expose soil；Kind
The permeability cell set in plant hole（26）For PVC material, permeability cell is interior to be perfused discrete material, is sealed using non-woven fabrics.
9. big tree high-survival rate complete crown according to claim 8 transplants system, it is characterised in that：Described kind of plant hole bottom is set
It is equipped with every salt deposit（25）, every salt deposit（25）Positioned at water-retaining agent（19）Bottom；Kind plant hole surrounding is provided with closure hidden pipe（24）, should
It is closed hidden pipe（24）Garden drainage system is connected.
10. the construction method of the arbitrary big tree high-survival rate complete crown transplanting system of claim 1~9, it is characterised in that：It is main
Want that steps are as follows：
1）Preparation of construction：Soil is handled before transplanting, big tree Proterozoic soil characteristic is measured, according to measurement result to transplanting
Ground soil characteristic is improved, and keeps two places soil characteristic similar；
2）Prefabricated assembled box is installed to be completely cured ditch：At apart from big tree root diameter distance for big 6 ~ 10 times of the diameter of a cross-section of a tree trunk 1.3 meters above the ground of tree, along big tree east
Ditch of being completely cured is dug in western both sides, pre-buried assembled casing in ditch of being completely cured, and box ditch of being completely cured is spliced by prefabricated board, splices prefabricated board
It meets the processing of thick root opening, wouldn't cut off, using running through box-shaped precast plate after geotextiles outsourcing Nutrition Soil, while backfill in ditch of being completely cured
Loose Nutrition Soil, top uses cover closure, and draws stormy waves line, lid surface earthing to setting to set greatly by the supporting point on cover board
Reduction treatment；
3）Monoblock type regularization support system is installed：Monoblock type regularization support system is installed before pick, i.e., is excavated outside line in soil ball
It excavates shallow slot and places prefabricated board, fixed by soil nailing, equally use cover closure, propped up using cover plate support point setting greatly
Dead ring is arranged in support, skewed horizontal load top, the soft objects such as rubber is pasted on the inside of dead ring, while adding closure level to skewed horizontal load
Support；
4）Soil ball is excavated：Centered on trunk, circle is marked by predetermined size, in the outer operation ditch that digs of circle to prescribed depth, is removed
Prefabricated be completely cured ditch and the regularization support system placed when being completely cured, Tu Tuo accomplish the up big and down small soil ball in frustoconical, lead to
It crosses straw rope and encloses knot fixation；
5）Trees load and unload and transport：Forward, tree crown uses tightrope to soil ball towards automobile tail, trunk after wrapping up soft material when entrucking
It tightening, soil ball underlay weak soil, trunk and tree crown are fixed by regularization holder, and wet straw bag is covered after entrucking and is protected, and and
When spray trees water-retaining agent；
6）Excavate kind of a plant hole, transplanting：Kind of a plant hole is dug by design position, in level of ground water higher position, using seepage pipe draining side
Method is laid with hidden pipe and the salinity in soil is drained with water, returns soil while embedded root permeability cell；
7）Staking, sunshade net：After field planting, monoblock type regularization support system is set in tree Zhou Erci, and set up sunshade net；
8）Maintenance management after transplanting：After transplanting moisture, sprouting, nutrient, illumination and temperature management are carried out to setting greatly.
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| CN113557925A (en) * | 2021-07-24 | 2021-10-29 | 泉州市华泰建设工程有限公司 | Road green belt and construction method thereof |
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