CN1086015C - 一种制动减速设备 - Google Patents
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- E05F5/00—Braking devices, e.g. checks; Stops; Buffers
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- E05Y2201/00—Constructional elements; Accessories therefor
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- E05Y2201/60—Suspension or transmission members; Accessories therefor
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Abstract
一种门或类似物用的制动减速设备,其包括一推杆,推杆可克服制动力被压入壳体中,其特征在于,推杆在壳体的导向装置中可以移动,并包括一由齿条组成的部分,该部分与安装在壳体中的回转式减震器的小齿轮啮合。这样可以削弱冲击作用并保证门尽可能最平稳地关闭。
Description
本发明涉及一种门或类似物使用的制动减速设备,其包括一推杆,推杆可克服制动力被压入到壳体中。
这种型式的制动减速或缓冲设备用于,例如,就在门特别是家俱门关闭位置之前对其进行制动,以削弱冲击作用并保证门尽可能最平稳地关闭。制动减速设备特别应用在门和家俱门备有闭合装置的情况下,其中闭合装置把门压向其关闭位置并将其保持在关闭位置。但是,这种型式的制动减速设备也可用于其它部件,特别是家俱部件,例如抽屉或铰链板,以防止它们带有冲击力和烦扰的噪声地到达或冲撞其终止位置。
从DE 197 17 937 A1中可获知一种这种型式的用于活动家俱部分的制动和缓冲元件,其中壳体由圆柱形套筒和活塞的推杆组成,所述活塞在套筒中可移动并可在径向上展开,圆柱形腔内容纳的空气可通过压入活塞进行压缩,活塞是这样设计的,即压缩的空气使活塞径向展开,从而使其与套筒的内壁摩擦。
本发明的一个目的是提供一种这种型式的设计简单并且容易操作的制动减速设备。
根据本发明的一种用于门的制动减速设备,其包括一推杆,推杆可克服制动力被压入壳体中,其特征在于,推杆的销形部分和矩形部分可以分别在壳体的圆孔和矩形开口中移动,推杆的矩形部分包括一由齿条组成的部分,该部分与安装在壳体中的回转式减震器的小齿轮啮合。
这种型式的回转式减震器是已知的并在商业上可获得。其通常由支承在封闭圆柱形壳体内的轴组成,该轴上带有位于壳体中的径向突出的板或翼形板,轴相对壳***置固定并带动板或凸出部分不与壳体接触地转动,密封的壳体内充满有高粘度流体,如硅油。小齿轮安装在从壳体伸出的轴颈上。根据一个优选实施例,推杆受到弹簧在推出方向上的作用。这里,弹簧可设计成这样软,即其不能克服门闭合装置的保持力。
适当地,回转式减震器的制动扭矩仅在推入方向上起作用。这种回转式减震器也是已知的。在这种情况下,小齿轮通过如在推出方向起作用的自由轮连接到支撑翼板的轴上。在门的关闭状态,由于仅当存在部件的相对运动时才有制动扭矩,所以回转式减震器不起作用。
推杆在相互相对的壳体壁上的孔或通道中被引导。适当地,弹簧由压缩弹簧组成,其包围推杆的一部分并夹在后壳体壁和齿条之间。
根据另一个实施例,该目的是通过推杆、圆柱体、活塞、压缩弹簧和头部实现的,其中所述推杆为在圆柱体内可运动地被引导的活塞的活塞杆,所述圆柱体充满流体,例如油,所述活塞备有直通阀,该直通阀仅以较小的力阻碍活塞伸出,以较大的力阻碍活塞的***,所述压缩弹簧夹在活塞和圆柱体底部之间,所述头部安装在活塞杆上。
例如阀可由止回阀或环形阀体组成,当活塞伸出时其暴露出大的孔截面或大的开口截面,当活塞被推入时,其到达其关闭位置,此时仅暴露出供流体使用的小开口,该开口限制流体的流动以产生制动作用。
适当地,头部由用弹性材料做的软垫组成,使得门以低噪声撞击活塞杆,由于其软弹性不会损坏门,所以软垫构成了一个缓冲物。
在本发明的另一方面,圆柱体固定在例如碗橱上面板前侧上的盲孔中并支承在螺钉的头部,该螺钉拧入到位于盲孔底部的套筒的螺纹中。通过拧入或拧出,可以把制动减速设备调整到门关闭位置。
适当地,孔固定在具有凸缘的套筒中。该套筒与孔的外边缘部分平齐,其凸缘伸到孔边缘外面。在推杆的压入状态,安装在活塞杆上的头部处于该套筒中。
本发明的另一个目的包括提供一种门、窗户或运动的家俱部分例如抽屉用的制动设备,其包括一推杆,推杆可克服制动力或缓冲力被推入壳体或圆柱体内,该制动设备以特别有效的方式安装,不会产生令人不快的外观。
根据本发明该目的是通过固定在框架—例如碗橱的横挡、上面板或侧面板—的前侧面的壳体或圆柱体实现的,备有固定的头部的推杆伸出到所述前侧面的外面。
在本发明的另一方面,根据本发明的制动减速设备能以基本上不明显的方式不会产生令人不快的外观地固定在框架的一个位置上,该框架是门、窗户、抽屉或类似物的关闭框架。
有利的是,推杆和壳体或圆柱体具有上述型式的一个或多个特征。
对于可装枢轴的家俱部分,例如,门或铰链板,制动设备可安装在距铰链侧这样远的距离上,使其保证良好的制动作用,并且制动设备的制动力以最佳方式适应可装枢轴的家俱部分的关闭扭矩。
通过参考附图详细描述本发明的实施例,其中:
图1所示为碗橱底面板和/或上面板的俯视图,碗橱的门在关闭区域被制动减速设备制动;
图2所示为去掉上面板后的图1的制动减速设备;
图3所示为与图2相应的制动减速装置壳体的俯视图,其中为清楚起见去掉了推杆;
图4所示为以图3中的箭头A方向看到的壳体的视图;
图5所示为穿过碗橱上面板看到的盲孔区域的一个部分,其中该盲孔接收制动活塞处于伸出状态的制动减速设备的圆柱体;
图6所示为制动活塞处于***状态的相应于图5的视图;
图7所示为圆柱体的侧视图,其中用弹性材料做的头部安装在制动活塞的活塞杆上;
图8所示为碗橱底面板和/或上面板的俯视图,碗橱的门或铰链板在距铰链最佳距离处被制动减速设备制动;
图9所示为制动设备的侧视图,其中制动设备由圆柱体组成,圆柱体具有一凸缘和一可拧上的螺母;
图10所示为安装在抽屉开口上边缘上的图9的制动设备的视图。
在图1中可以看到碗橱2的底或上面板1的开启侧的视图,碗橱可由门3关闭,门通过传统的铰链4,例如双-连接铰链铰接在碗橱2的侧面板5上,闭合装置产生闭合压力。为防止门3在其关闭位置产生任何不希望的冲击,制动减速设备6固定在底或上面板1上,在门的打开位置该制动减速设备的推杆7以所示方式伸到碗橱2的开口平面之外,这样制动减速设备在门关闭区域通过门在向内压入推杆7的同时消耗其转动能量来使门制动,直到门在缓冲作用下到达关闭位置。
在图1和2中,当在关闭区域门3撞到推杆7时门和推杆7相互占据的位置以连续的线表示。推杆7被***时门的关闭位置以点划线表示。
缓冲设备6由矩形盆状壳体8组成,壳体的开口上侧可由顶板9封闭,顶板9可以例如以非完全方式压入。壳体8具有位于底板10平面内的横向翼状凸出部分11,凸出部分11备有椭圆形的孔12,孔12形成用于安装螺钉13的安装孔。由于椭圆形的孔12,制动减速设备6可在推杆的轴向以需要的方式对准。
壳体8的前壁14备有供同样是矩形横截面的推杆7使用的矩形开口15,后壁16具有用于穿过推杆7的销形部分18的圆孔17。壳体8内的推杆7的矩形横截面部分作为齿条部分19。齿条部分19的后端备有带内螺纹的孔,销18拧在该孔中。销18穿过压缩弹簧20,压缩弹簧夹在齿条部分19的后侧和孔17的边缘之间。销18在其穿过孔17的后端备有头部21,该头部在推杆7的推出位置构成靠在后壳体壁16上的挡块。
用橡胶或其它缓冲材料做的帽22固定在推杆7的前端。
在壳体侧面板23上固定有回转式减震器25的圆柱形壳体24,在伸出到壳体外的回转式减震器25的轴颈上安装有小齿轮26。推杆7的齿条部分和小齿轮26以从图2中可看到的方式啮合。回转式减震器25是这样设计的,即小齿轮仅在推入方向上向推杆7施加制动力,而推杆7可由压缩弹簧20几乎不费力地再次推出,这可通过例如在回转式减震器上安装一自由轮实现。因此弹簧20可设计为仅具有非常弱的力,使得在门3的关闭状态铰链连接的关闭机构能够克服弹簧力。
现有通过图5到7来描述根据本发明的制动减速设备的第二个实施例。制动减速设备由圆柱体30组成,活塞(未示出)在圆柱体30中可移动地被引导。活塞与活塞杆31相连,活塞杆穿过圆柱体盖(未示出)的备有密封的孔。圆柱体30充满流体,例如具有适当粘度的油,当活塞向圆柱体30内移动时,流体从后圆柱体腔进入前圆柱体腔,反之亦然。活塞备有一个或多个孔或由杆跨接的环形开口,孔或开口可以这样的方式由阀瓣或阀体关闭,即孔或开口在活塞的推出方向上是打开的,而当活塞被推入时,阀瓣或阀座移动到其关闭位置,此时仅打开一节流横截面,横截面的大小为使得活塞杆只能以给定的阻力被推入到圆柱体中。
活塞受到夹在活塞和圆柱体底部之间的压缩弹簧的压缩的作用。从图5和7中可以看到,该压缩弹簧把活塞推向伸出位置。
在活塞杆31上固定用弹性材料做的帽32,其能够保证门33平缓地不产生损坏地顶推到活塞杆31上。
门33通过传统的连接铰链34铰接在例如碗橱的侧面板35上。碗橱上面板36备有盲孔37,带螺纹的套筒38位于盲孔底部,该套筒例如用铜做成。螺钉39拧在带螺纹的套筒38的螺纹中,制动减速设备的圆柱体30支撑在螺钉的头部40上。在盲孔37中还固定有套筒41,套筒41的圆周环状凸缘42以所示方式支撑在孔的边缘上。在活塞杆31的推入状态,固定在活塞杆31上的帽或头部32位于套管41内。
压缩弹簧向外推活塞的力小于使门33保持关闭的力,所以压缩弹簧不能通过活塞和活塞杆31把门推开。
从图8中可看到位于碗橱2上或下面板前侧的制动设备组件50,其位于距门或铰链板52铰接侧的最佳距离A上。根据制动设备50距门或铰链板的铰链53的距离A,在关闭区域制动设备以不同的开启角起作用,门或铰链板根据由距离A给定的杠杆长度以不同的力作用在制动设备上。距离A是根据门或铰链板的厚度或重量选择的。适当地,距离A至少大体等于从铰链侧测量的门宽度一半。
在图9所示的实施例中,制动设备50具有圆柱体51,圆柱体备有用于与孔边缘接触的前凸缘52。圆柱体51备有螺纹53,螺母54可拧在螺纹53上。
圆柱体前端具有一凹进部分或空隙,用弹性材料做的头部56可以用虚线表示的方式落入其中。
从图10中可看到制动设备50的另一个组件实例。抽屉开口的上边缘下面备有一固定在抽屉体上的横挡57,如图所示该横挡具有一通孔。图9中所示型式的制动设备以这样的方式固定在通孔中,即凸缘52支撑在通孔的前边缘区域上。制动设备50通过拧在圆柱体51上的螺母54固定在通孔中。
Claims (9)
1.一种用于门(3)的制动减速设备,其包括一推杆(7),推杆可克服制动力被压入壳体(8)中,其特征在于,
推杆(7)的销形部分(18)和矩形部分(19)可以分别在壳体(8)的圆孔(17)和矩形开口(15)中移动,推杆(7)的矩形部分包括一由齿条(19)组成的部分,该部分与安装在壳体(8)中的回转式减震器的小齿轮(26)啮合。
2.根据权利要求1中所述的制动减速设备,其特征在于,推杆(7)受到压缩弹簧(20)在推出方向的压力。
3.根据权利要求1或2中所述的制动减速设备,其特征在于,回转式减震器(25)的制动扭矩仅在推入方向上起作用。
4.根据权利要求1所述的制动减速设备,其特征在于,推杆(7)在相互相对的壳体壁(14,16)的孔(17)或开口(15)中被引导。
5.根据权利要求2所述的制动减速设备,其特征在于,所述压缩弹簧(20)包围推杆(7)的一部分(18)并夹在后壳体壁(16)和齿条部分(19)之间。
6.根据权利要求1所述的制动减速设备,其特征在于,推杆是在圆柱体(30)中可移动地引导的活塞的活塞杆(31),圆柱体(30)充满油,活塞备有通道阀,该阀以低阻力阻碍活塞伸出,以高阻力阻碍活塞***,压缩弹簧夹在活塞和圆柱体(30)底部之间,活塞杆(31)上固定有一头部(32)。
7.根据权利要求6中所述的制动减速设备,其特征在于,头部(32)由用弹性材料做的软垫组成。
8.根据权利要求6或7中所述的制动减速设备,其特征在于,圆柱体固定在位于碗橱上面板前侧的盲孔中,圆柱体支撑在螺钉的头部上,该螺钉拧在位于盲孔底部的套筒的螺纹中。
9.根据权利要求8所述的制动减速设备,其特征在于,备有凸缘(42)的套筒(41)固定在盲孔(37)中。
Applications Claiming Priority (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE29821364U DE29821364U1 (de) | 1998-11-30 | 1998-11-30 | Bremsverzögerungsvorrichtung |
DE29907931U DE29907931U1 (de) | 1998-11-30 | 1999-05-04 | Bremsverzögerungsvorrichtung |
DE29910626.8 | 1999-06-17 | ||
DE29907931.7 | 1999-06-17 | ||
DE29910626U DE29910626U1 (de) | 1998-11-30 | 1999-06-17 | Bremsverzögerungsvorrichtung |
DE29821364.8 | 1999-06-17 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1260438A CN1260438A (zh) | 2000-07-19 |
CN1086015C true CN1086015C (zh) | 2002-06-05 |
Family
ID=27220173
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN99122851A Expired - Fee Related CN1086015C (zh) | 1998-11-30 | 1999-11-30 | 一种制动减速设备 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6408483B1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1006251A3 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2000160926A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100407585B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1086015C (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9905763A (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ297729B6 (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1027849A1 (zh) |
HU (1) | HUP9904409A3 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL196188B1 (zh) |
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-
1999
- 1999-11-24 EP EP99123434A patent/EP1006251A3/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1999-11-24 CZ CZ0419399A patent/CZ297729B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-11-25 HU HU9904409A patent/HUP9904409A3/hu not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-11-26 JP JP11335804A patent/JP2000160926A/ja active Pending
- 1999-11-29 KR KR10-1999-0053363A patent/KR100407585B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-11-30 BR BR9905763-8A patent/BR9905763A/pt active Search and Examination
- 1999-11-30 US US09/451,134 patent/US6408483B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-11-30 PL PL336862A patent/PL196188B1/pl unknown
- 1999-11-30 CN CN99122851A patent/CN1086015C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-11-08 HK HK00107090A patent/HK1027849A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CZ419399A3 (cs) | 2000-08-16 |
KR20000035745A (ko) | 2000-06-26 |
HUP9904409A3 (en) | 2003-05-28 |
US6408483B1 (en) | 2002-06-25 |
CN1260438A (zh) | 2000-07-19 |
PL196188B1 (pl) | 2007-12-31 |
EP1006251A2 (de) | 2000-06-07 |
BR9905763A (pt) | 2000-09-05 |
HK1027849A1 (en) | 2001-01-23 |
CZ297729B6 (cs) | 2007-03-14 |
PL336862A1 (en) | 2000-06-05 |
HUP9904409A2 (hu) | 2000-09-28 |
KR100407585B1 (ko) | 2003-12-01 |
JP2000160926A (ja) | 2000-06-13 |
HU9904409D0 (en) | 2000-02-28 |
EP1006251A3 (de) | 2002-03-27 |
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