CN108575611A - A kind of cultural method suitable for yangtse-huaihe region enhancing corn resistance - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method suitable for yangtse-huaihe region enhancing corn resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN108575611A CN108575611A CN201810242098.XA CN201810242098A CN108575611A CN 108575611 A CN108575611 A CN 108575611A CN 201810242098 A CN201810242098 A CN 201810242098A CN 108575611 A CN108575611 A CN 108575611A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of cultural method suitable for yangtse-huaihe region enhancing corn resistance, comprises the steps of：(1) stalk is ground into 10cm or less segments in wheat season, progress subsoiling, which is turned over, buries, and rear rotary tillage soil-working is fine crushing to soil；(2) no-tillage and direct-seeding mode seeding corn is used, prior to seeding heavy dressing base manure NPK fertilizer, and base is chased after and is combined, phosphorus potash fertilizer whole base is applied, and typhon mouth imposes N fertilizer；(3) the corn typhon mouth phase is irrigated；(4) it selects a time using mechanical harvest；After corn loose powder, using Tebuconazole and agricultural streptomycin prevention corn leaf spot, stem rot disease；This method can improve deep soil water content, can significantly improve canopy photosynthesis performance, and can improve corn yield.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular to a kind of cultivation suitable for yangtse-huaihe region enhancing corn resistance
Method.
Background technology
Anhui is one of national grain production bases, and yangtse-huaihe region is Anhui Province's grain-production important base, with national grain
It is closely related to eat production safety.Therefore, carry out soil subsoiling research, have ten to the Adverse Resistance Cultivation research of yangtse-huaihe region rain-fed agriculture
Divide important meaning.Soil is the important substance carrier of crop production, and topsoil quality is directly related to the growth and development of crop
With the formation of yield, topsoil depth is the important indicator for reflecting soil plough horizon structure and function with the soil weight, is suitble to corn root
The topsoil depth of system's growth is in 22cm or more, and suitable soil weight range is in 1.1~1.3g/cm3.Currently, China's corn field
Soil plough horizon depth-averaged be 16.5cm, northeast corn producing region be 15.1cm, Huang-Huai-Hai corn producing region be 17.2cm；Corn field
The soil weight average out to 1.39g/cm of 5-10cm soil layers3, and 1.52g/cm is up at plough sole3.Undesirable edphic factor pair
The influence of corn yield reaches 4.8~20.2%, soil plough horizon shoals, topsoil unit weight increases and effectively topsoil soils amount reduce at
To restrict the key constraints that China's corn yield further increases.
For a long time, since frequently (damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging occurred in continuous 3 years 2005~2007 years for yangtse-huaihe region flood), corn
Disease occurs seriously, and precipitation is concentrated mainly on summer, and June to September precipitation accounts for about annual precipitation 50%~80%, wherein plum
Summer Rainfall is particularly evident, and this period is exactly the critical period that chief crop harvests, sows and grows in due course, easily causes jade
Rice seedling stage stain evil, to cause crop failure or total crop failure.Meanwhile the typhon mouth phase is also easy to produce drought of seizing by the throat.Soil subsoiling can have
Effect adjusts the moisture of soil different levels；When rainfall is big, under moisture penetration to topsoil, flooded stain harm is reduced；When arid, root system
Using deep carbonate rocks, alleviate influence of the arid to corn growth.
Invention content
The present invention provide one kind based on deep-ploughing implement, efficient water utilization and with maize diseases prevention be combined
Corn Adverse Resistance Cultivation technical system.
A kind of cultural method suitable for yangtse-huaihe region enhancing corn resistance comprises the steps of：It (1) will in wheat season
Stalk is ground into 10cm or less segments, and progress subsoiling, which is turned over, buries, and rear rotary tillage soil-working is fine crushing to soil；(2) no-tillage and direct-seeding mode is used
Seeding corn, heavy dressing base manure NPK is fertile prior to seeding, and base is chased after and is combined, and phosphorus potash fertilizer whole base is applied, and typhon mouth imposes N fertilizer；
(3) the corn typhon mouth phase is irrigated；(4) it selects a time using mechanical harvest.
It is of the present invention a kind of suitable for the cultural method that yangtse-huaihe region enhances corn resistance, the depth of the subsoiling
Degree is 30-40cm, is advisable with breaking plough sole.
It is of the present invention a kind of suitable for the cultural method that yangtse-huaihe region enhances corn resistance, corn planting density
6000 plants/667m2, line-spacing 60cm, depth of planting 3-5cm.
Of the present invention a kind of suitable for the cultural method that yangtse-huaihe region enhances corn resistance, corn season is every
667m2Purity nitrogen 16-20kg, wherein base manure 10-14kg are applied, typhon mouth imposes 4-8kg；Phosphorus potash fertilizer whole base is applied, five oxidations two
Phosphorus 5-8kg, potassium oxide 6-12kg.
It is of the present invention a kind of suitable for the cultural method that yangtse-huaihe region enhances corn resistance, also dissipated comprising corn
After powder, using chemicals prevention corn leaf spot, stem rot disease.
Chemicals of the present invention are Tebuconazole and agricultural streptomycin composition, the Tebuconazole and agricultural streptomycin weight
Amount proportioning is 1：3.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
1, soil subsoiling improves corn yield, and subsoiling irrigates with the typhon mouth phase and is combined the effect that can reach corn with high yield
It answers, 2, after soil subsoiling, deep soil water content improves, and promotes to prick under root system, can more preferably utilize deep carbonate rocks, and 3, soil
Subsoiling improves canopy photosynthesis performance, and subsoiling irrigates to be combined with the typhon mouth phase can further increase canopy photosynthesis performance, 4,
Tebuconazole and agricultural streptomycin, which are applied in combination, can enhance the integrated control effect of wherein corn leaf spot and stem rot, favorably
In raising corn yield.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is influence of the different soils tillage method to soil moisture content.
Specific implementation mode
The specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in detail with reference to embodiment, it is to be understood that the guarantor of the present invention
Shield range is not restricted by specific implementation.
Embodiment 1：Different soils tillage method is to Yield of Corn
Test method：(1) stalk is ground into 10cm or less segments in wheat season, carries out subsoiling, rear rotary tillage soil-working to soil
Earth is fine crushing；The depth of subsoiling is 30cm, is advisable with breaking plough sole；(2) no-tillage and direct-seeding mode seeding corn, corn planting are used
6000 plants/667 m of density2, line-spacing 60cm, depth of planting 4cm；Corn season is per 667m2Apply purity nitrogen 16-20kg, wherein base manure 10-
14kg, typhon mouth impose 4-8kg；Phosphorus potash fertilizer whole base is applied, phosphorus pentoxide 5-8kg, and potassium oxide 6-12kg is spread fertilizer over the fields in earth's surface
Rotary tillage is buried afterwards；(3) the corn typhon mouth phase is irrigated；(4) it selects a time using mechanical harvest.
4 processing of experiment setting, split block design, tillage method is primary area, is irrigated as secondary area.Processing is respectively：Wheat season
Subsoiling+corn season is no-tillage+irrigates (irrigation of typhon mouth phase) (SS+I), wheat season subsoiling+corn season is no-tillage+does not irrigate (SS+
NI), wheat season it is no-tillage+corn season is no-tillage+irrigate (irrigation of typhon mouth phase) (TC+I), wheat season is no-tillage+corn season is no-tillage+
It does not irrigate (TC+NI), plot area 144m2, 4 repetitions.
Influence of the 1 different soils tillage method of table to corn yield
Remarks：The significance level of difference (P between processing<0.05)
As shown in Table 1, there are significant differences, yield height to show as SS+I for yield between different soils tillage method>TC+I>
SS+NI>TC+NI, SS+I processing are significantly higher than other processing, without significant difference, SS+I, TC+ between wherein TC+I and SS+NI processing
I and SS+NI processing is respectively increased 29.3%, 13.7% and 10.0% compared with TC+NI processing yield.The result shows that soil subsoiling is not
Irrigation is similar to the effect of yield effect to no-tillage combination typhon mouth phase Irrigation regime, and soil subsoiling can improve soil water-containing
Amount, and then improve yield.Soil subsoiling irrigates with the typhon mouth phase and is combined the effect that can reach corn with high yield.
Embodiment 2：Influence of the different soils tillage method to soil moisture content
The typhon mouth phase (irrigates first 1 day) before not carrying out Irrigation regime, and SS+I and SS+NI processing soil moisture contents are without aobvious
Difference is write, TC+I and TC+NI soil moisture contents are also without significant difference；But subsoiling handles deep soil water content and is higher than no-tillage place
Reason.To different soils depth water content carry out variance analysis, the results showed that 0~10cm, 10~20cm soil SS+I, SS+NI and
TC+I and TC+NI processing is without significant difference；But 20-30cm and 30-40cm deep soil water content is significantly higher than TC+I and TC+NI
9.3% and 9.0% (Fig. 1) is respectively increased in processing, soil moisture content.The result shows that after soil subsoiling, moisture is promoted to move down, deep layer
Soil moisture content improves.
Embodiment 3：Influence of the different soils tillage method to population canopy photosynthetic performance
As shown in Table 2, the typhon mouth phase do not irrigated before (irrigate preceding 1 day), processing that soil subsoiling is more no-tillage raising fringe
Net Photosynthetic Rate (the P of position layer bladen), stomatal conductance (Gs) and intercellular CO2Concentration (ci) (table 2).Subsoiling handles more no-tillage place
Manage PnImprove 4.8%, GsImprove 21.8%, ciImprove 26.7%.After field carries out Irrigation regime after the typhon mouth phase, spinning
Phase, P between different disposaln、GsAnd ciShow as SS+I>TC+I>SS+NI>TC+NI processing；Wherein SS+I handles PnIt is significantly higher than
Other processing, TC+I processing is handled with SS+NI without significant difference, but is significantly higher than TC+NI processing；SS+I handles PnMore other places
Reason is respectively increased 15.4%, 16.3% and 24.5%.It is in the milk mid-term, P between different disposaln、GsAnd ciShow as SS+I>TC+I>SS
+NI>TC+NI processing.The result shows that subsoiling irrigates to be combined with the typhon mouth phase can significantly improve canopy photosynthesis performance, but it is deep
Pine processing achievees the effect that no-tillage processing is combined with irrigation not irrigating.
Influence of 2 different tillage of table to Canopy Photosynthesis Property
Embodiment 4：Tebuconazole and agricultural streptomycin composition are to maize diseases field efficacy
Test method：Experiment sets 6 processing, and 3 repetitions are handled after corn loose powder using following reagent spray,
14 days investigation preventive effects after medicine.
Test medicine：Medicament 1:12% Tebuconazole and agricultural streptomycin suspending agent (Tebuconazole：Agricultural streptomycin=1:1)；
Medicament 2：12% Tebuconazole and agricultural streptomycin suspending agent (Tebuconazole：Agricultural streptomycin=1:3)；Medicament 2：12% Tebuconazole and
Agricultural streptomycin suspending agent (Tebuconazole：Agricultural streptomycin=2:1)；
3 Tebuconazole of table and agricultural streptomycin composition are to maize diseases field efficacy
As shown in Table 3, wherein corn leaf spot and stem rot can be enhanced by Tebuconazole and agricultural streptomycin being applied in combination
Integrated control effect, be conducive to improve corn yield.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, all equivalent changes done according to scope of the present invention patent with
Modification should all belong to the covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of cultural method suitable for yangtse-huaihe region enhancing corn resistance, which is characterized in that comprise the steps of：(1)
Stalk is ground into 10cm or less segments in wheat season, progress subsoiling, which is turned over, buries, and rear rotary tillage soil-working is fine crushing to soil；(2) it uses and exempts from
Direct-seeding seeding corn is ploughed, prior to seeding heavy dressing base manure NPK fertilizer, and base is chased after and is combined, phosphorus potash fertilizer whole base is applied, typhon
Mouth imposes N fertilizer；(3) the corn typhon mouth phase is irrigated；(4) it selects a time using mechanical harvest.
2. a kind of cultural method suitable for yangtse-huaihe region enhancing corn resistance according to claim 1, feature exist
In the depth of the subsoiling is 30-40cm, is advisable with breaking plough sole.
3. a kind of cultural method suitable for yangtse-huaihe region enhancing corn resistance according to claim 1-2, feature
It is, 6000 plants/667m of corn planting density2, line-spacing 60cm, depth of planting 3-5cm.
4. a kind of cultural method suitable for yangtse-huaihe region enhancing corn resistance according to claim 1-2, feature
It is, corn season is per 667m2Purity nitrogen 16-20kg, wherein base manure 10-14kg are applied, typhon mouth imposes 4-8kg；Phosphorus potash fertilizer is whole
Base is applied, phosphorus pentoxide 5-8kg, potassium oxide 6-12kg.
5. a kind of cultural method suitable for yangtse-huaihe region enhancing corn resistance according to claim 1, feature exist
In after also including corn loose powder, using chemicals prevention corn leaf spot, stem rot disease.
6. a kind of cultural method suitable for yangtse-huaihe region enhancing corn resistance according to claim 5, feature exist
In the chemicals are Tebuconazole and agricultural streptomycin composition, and the Tebuconazole and agricultural streptomycin weight proportion are 1：
3。
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| CN201810242098.XA CN108575611B (en) | 2018-03-22 | 2018-03-22 | Cultivation method suitable for enhancing stress resistance of corn in Jianghuai region |
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| CN201810242098.XA CN108575611B (en) | 2018-03-22 | 2018-03-22 | Cultivation method suitable for enhancing stress resistance of corn in Jianghuai region |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101699961A (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2010-05-05 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Integrated fertilization method under condition of NPKS of double-cropping crops of wheat and corn |
| CN103053256A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2013-04-24 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Few-no-tillage-soil seeding and fertilizing method for wheat and corns under complete straw mulching condition |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101699961A (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2010-05-05 | 山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | Integrated fertilization method under condition of NPKS of double-cropping crops of wheat and corn |
| CN103053256A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2013-04-24 | 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 | Few-no-tillage-soil seeding and fertilizing method for wheat and corns under complete straw mulching condition |
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