CN108513778B

CN108513778B - Plant nutrition ring and tea tree fertilization method using same

Info

Publication number: CN108513778B
Application number: CN201810522755.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 苏有健; 王烨军; 张永利; 孙宇龙; 罗毅; 廖万有
Original assignee: Tea Research Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Tea Research Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2018-05-28
Filing date: 2018-05-28
Publication date: 2023-05-30
Anticipated expiration: 2038-05-28
Also published as: BE1026318A9; CN108513778A; BE1026318A1; BE1026318B1

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tea tree planting, and particularly relates to a plant nutrition ring and a tea tree fertilization method using the plant nutrition ring. One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a simple, stable and convenient plant nutrition ring, which has good nutrient diffusion and can realize the balanced fertilization effect on tea trees. The plant nutrition ring comprises more than two arc-shaped equally-divided pipes, and the pipe cavities of the equally-divided pipes form a containing cavity for containing fertilizer; an interface ring is arranged at the two pipe ends of each equal pipe; an opening and closing valve is arranged at the interface ring; a nutrient overflow port is arranged on the annular surface of one side of the nutrient ring body, and a nutrient slow-release film is covered on the nutrient overflow port. The invention also comprises a tea tree fertilization method, so that the purpose of high-efficiency tea tree fertilization is simply, conveniently and effectively realized. The tea tree fertilizing method comprises the steps of adding fertilizer, balancing the amount of liquid fertilizer in each aliquoting pipe and burying soil.

Description

Plant nutrition ring and tea tree fertilization method using same

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of tea tree planting, and particularly relates to a plant nutrition ring and a tea tree fertilization method using the plant nutrition ring.

Background

Currently, in order to reduce the labor consumption during fertilization and increase the slow release effect of nutrients, the fertilizer nutrients are manufactured into a bar-shaped structure, namely a nutrition bar. The nutrition bars can be single fertilizer types or layered and made of multiple fertilizers. When the fertilizer is used, the nutrition bar is inserted near the root of crops, so that the aim of slow fertilization is fulfilled when the nutrition bar is slowly released. However, the nutritional bars described above are often not very adaptable in terms of tea trees, the root cause being: because tea trees are diffusible fibrous roots, the tea trees are applied in a balanced manner during fertilization. In the process of inserting the nutrition bars into the soil layer, the original fragile natural root system of the tea tree is easily damaged, meanwhile, the diffusion absorption of the nutrients is mainly concentrated in the area where the bar body is inserted, the soil area around the whole tea tree cannot be benefited, and the applied nutrients are low in effectiveness. For the reasons, the conventional modes such as base fertilizer and additional fertilizer are adopted for the tea tree fertilization at present along with the ploughing operation, so that the problems of high labor intensity, time and labor waste are caused in the tea tree fertilization, and the popularization of the automatic tea garden management is greatly hindered.

Disclosure of Invention

One of the purposes of the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provide a simple, stable and convenient-to-operate plant nutrition ring which has good nutrient diffusivity and can realize the balanced fertilization effect on tea trees. The invention further aims at providing a tea tree fertilization method using the plant nutrition ring, so that the purpose of high-efficiency tea tree fertilization is simply, conveniently and effectively achieved.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the plant nutrition ring comprises more than two arc-shaped aliquoting pipes, wherein the pipe cavities of the aliquoting pipes form a containing cavity for containing fertilizer; the two ends of each equal tube are provided with interface rings for locking with the ends of the adjacent equal tubes, so that the equal tubes are connected end to form a circular nutrition ring body; an opening and closing valve capable of controlling the communication or closing of the adjacent equal-divided pipe cavities is arranged at the joint ring; a nutrient overflow port penetrating through the pipe wall is arranged on the annular surface of one side of the nutrient ring body, and a nutrient slow-release film is covered at the nutrient overflow port; the nutrient overflow outlets are more than three groups and are sequentially and uniformly distributed along the annular surface of the nutrient ring body.

Preferably, the on-off valve comprises a valve pipe, and a pipe cavity of the valve pipe forms a circulation cavity for circulating the liquid fertilizer; the wall of the valve pipe is radially provided with a flat square hole-shaped inserting hole for inserting the filter screen and the transverse adjusting net, the filter screen and the transverse adjusting net are mutually jointed in a mesh surface manner, and the mesh surface is perpendicular to the flowing direction of the liquid fertilizer; the transverse adjusting net comprises a movable adjusting buckle and transverse net strips, the movable adjusting buckle comprises sub-rod bodies which are sequentially connected and arranged from head to tail along the direction vertical to the transverse net strips, and each adjacent sub-rod body is hinged with each other through a hinge shaft with an axis vertical to the net surface direction of the filter screen, so that a W-shaped hinge structure of the movable adjusting buckle is formed; the two groups of movable adjusting buckles are respectively arranged at two sides of the filter screen, and the two groups of movable adjusting buckles are connected with each other through each transverse net strip; the on-off valve also comprises an on-off switch for pushing the movable hinge buckle to generate a telescopic action in a specified direction; the pushing direction of the on-off switch is parallel to the screen surface of the filter screen and perpendicular to the length direction of the transverse screen strips, so that when the on-off switch performs pushing action, the movable adjusting buckle can be extruded and stretched, and further, each adjacent transverse screen strips which are parallel to each other can perform approaching and separating actions.

Preferably, the two ends of the transverse net strip are provided with hinge columns, the axes of the hinge columns are parallel to the axes of the hinge shafts, kidney-shaped holes are arranged on the sub-rod bodies, the hole type length directions of the kidney-shaped holes are parallel to the length directions of the transverse net strip, and the hinge columns are clamped in the kidney-shaped holes and can conduct reciprocating linear guiding actions along the hole type length directions of the kidney-shaped holes.

Preferably, the on-off switch comprises a rotary handle arranged at the outer wall of the valve pipe, a gear is coaxially arranged at a rotating shaft of the rotary handle, the axis of the transition shaft is parallel to the screen surface of the filter screen and is perpendicular to the length direction of the transverse screen strip, a rack is arranged at the outer wall of the transition shaft, the length direction of the rack is parallel to the axis of the transition shaft, and the rack and the gear form a gear meshing action; the one end of the transition shaft, which is relatively close to the movable adjusting buckle, is provided with two compression bars which are axially symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the transition shaft, one rod end of the two compression bars is fixedly connected to the transition shaft, and the other rod end is fixedly connected or hinged with the uppermost sub-rod body of the movable hinge buckle.

Preferably, an included angle is formed between the two compression bars, the included angle is an obtuse angle, and an included angle opening formed by the two compression bars faces the direction in which the filter screen is located.

Preferably, the filter screen is formed by arranging vertical net strips at intervals in sequence, and the vertical net strips and the transverse net strips form a square grid structure together.

Preferably, the pipe diameter of the equally dividing pipe is 5-8 cm, and the inner diameter of the nutrition ring body is 80-100 cm; the diameter of the nutrient overflow outlet is 3-5 cm.

Preferably, the two pipe ends of the equal dividing pipe are respectively provided with a child port with external threads of the interface ring and a female port with internal threads capable of idling along the axis of the equal dividing pipe, so that when in use, adjacent pipe ends of two adjacent equal dividing pipes can be screwed together through the threaded cooperation of the child port and the female port at the interface ring.

Preferably, the tea tree fertilization method using the plant nutrition ring is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

1) Adding a specified liquid fertilizer into the equal-divided pipes according to the current nutrient requirements and proportion of the growth of the tea trees, and connecting the equal-divided pipes end to end through an interface ring to form a nutrition ring body;

2) The liquid fertilizer amount in each equal pipe is balanced through the adjustment of the opening and closing valve, and the opening and closing valve is closed until the liquid fertilizer amount in each equal pipe is consistent, so that each equal pipe is isolated;

3) Digging an annular pit for placing a plant nutrition ring around the trunk of the tea tree, wherein the depth of the annular pit is 10-15 cm, and the axis of the annular pit and the trunk of the tea tree are coaxial; the plant nutrient ring is placed in the annular pit so that the plant nutrient ring is arranged around the trunk of the tea tree, soil is covered, and the nutrient overflow port is kept downwards all the time.

Preferably, the plant nutrient ring is taken out every 1-2 months to supplement the liquid fertilizer; and during supplementing, one of the connector rings is disassembled at will, excessive water in the aliquoting pipe is discharged through opening and closing the opening and closing valve, and then new liquid fertilizer is refilled, and the burying process of the plant nutrition ring is completed through the steps 1), 2) and 3).

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1) The structural design of the traditional straight-bar-shaped plant nutrition ring is removed, and a unique design idea of adopting the annular nutrition bar is developed instead. The annular plant nutrition ring is of an annular structure, and can better and more uniformly supply the same nutrient concentration to all soil areas around the tea tree, so that the damage to the rhizome of the tea tree is avoided, and the mineral nutrition absorption of the tea tree is improved. The nutrient slow-release film on the nutrient overflow port can control the nutrient supply progress, avoid extra loss of fertilizer, and simultaneously can meet the normal requirement of tea plant growth, so that the rhizome of the tea plant can directly form a certain nutrient free space with the nutrient ring body, and the nutrients are gradually released according to the requirement of physiological growth rhythm of the tea plant. More importantly, the interface ring is integrated with the structure of the opening and closing valve on the basis of being used as a joint component. When the artificial liquid fertilizer is injected into the plant nutrition ring, the phenomenon of unbalance of the liquid fertilizer amount in each aliquoting pipe is unavoidable, which obviously has adverse effect on the normal growth of tea trees needing balanced fertilization. According to the invention, through the design of the opening and closing valve, firstly, after the liquid fertilizer in each halving pipe is injected, the liquid fertilizer is roughly distributed according to the halving characteristics of each halving pipe; and then connecting the equal-dividing pipes, and secondarily balancing the liquid fertilizer amount in the equal-dividing pipes through opening the opening and closing valve, so that the purpose of balanced fertilization is ensured to be realized in two steps, the unbalanced problem can be effectively avoided, and the utilization efficiency of fertilizer nutrients is obviously improved.

2) The construction of the on-off valve is also a major point of the present invention. The traditional opening and closing valve does not depend on the opening and closing of the valve core to realize the opening and closing of the valve path, and the structure can be directly used in the invention. The invention designs an independent opening and closing valve structure which depends on the action of the rotating handle and the gear rack of the transition shaft, so that the transition shaft can be controlled to generate axial action when the rotating handle rotates. The axial displacement of the transition shaft can drive the compression bar to generate lifting motion so as to push the movable adjusting buckle to generate stretching and compressing motion. As the movable adjusting buckle is provided with the transverse net strips, once the movable adjusting buckle generates the telescopic action, the transverse net strips are similar and separated with each other. When the lateral net strips are close to each other, the lateral net strips can be mutually gathered to play a role in closing the pipe cavity of the valve, otherwise, when the lateral net strips are mutually separated, the gaps among the lateral net strips form a circulation gap capable of circulating liquid fertilizer and filtering impurities, and the use is very convenient.

3) The matching modes of the transverse net strips and the sub-rod bodies can be various, or the transverse net strips are telescopic structures such as telescopic rods, so that the device can adapt to the distance change purpose of the corresponding sub-rod bodies generated in the action of the two groups of movable adjusting buckles when the movable adjusting buckles generate telescopic actions. Or the transverse net strips can be connected with the sub-rod body through elastic ribs and the like, so that when the movable adjusting buckle generates telescopic action, the transverse net strips can rapidly correspond to each other and generate actions similar to and apart from each other by means of the elasticity of the elastic ribs. Even the transverse net strip can be directly hinged to the middle section of the sub-rod body, and the dragging effect of the transverse net strip can not be generated no matter how the sub-rod body acts at the position. According to the invention, the waist-shaped holes are preferably formed in the sub-rod bodies, so that the hinge posts at the transverse net strips are matched with the slide block guide rails between the waist-shaped holes, and even if the distance between the two sub-rod bodies at the two ends of the transverse net strips is changed due to the action of the movable adjusting buckle, the transverse net strips can compensate the change of the distance between the two sub-rod bodies through sliding relative to the waist-shaped holes, so that the action responsiveness of the transverse net strips is ensured. The structure of the invention can ensure that the transverse net strips are arranged at specific positions, the installation is more flexible, and the practicability is also stronger.

4) In specific operation, the filter screen adopts a vertical filter screen instead of a square filter screen densely covered with small squares. The reason for this is that: on one hand, the filter screen adopts vertical net strips to form a square grid-shaped net grid structure in cooperation with the transverse net strips, and the purposes of filtering impurities in the liquid fertilizer and circulating the liquid fertilizer can be realized; on the other hand, the filter screen adopts the vertical net strip, so that the later cleaning is very convenient, and after the filter screen is pulled out, all impurities adhered to the net surface of the filter screen can be completely cleaned by directly wiping along the vertical net strip, thereby avoiding the occurrence of the condition of net surface cleaning trapping bags caused by the grid filter screen densely covered with small grids.

5) After the combination and sealing of the plant nutrition rings are finished, the plant nutrition rings need to be buried in soil around the tea plant for a circle, and the burying depth is 10 cm to 15cm. After the plant nutrient is buried in the soil for 7-15 days, the nutrients start to overflow through the nutrient slow-release film at the nutrient overflow port of the plant nutrient ring, so that the nutrients are gradually released to the rhizosphere soil of the tea plant according to the physiological growth rhythm requirement of the tea plant, and the root system of the tea plant can effectively absorb the released mineral nutrients and be efficiently utilized. The plant nutrition ring needs to be taken out and replaced with new liquid fertilizer every 1-2 months to ensure the continuity of fertilization, and the fertilization steps are very convenient and simple and the operation threshold is very low.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a plant nutrient ring;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged isometric view of the bottom view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the on-off valve;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the matching state between the transverse net strip and the sub-rod body.

The actual correspondence between each label and the component name of the invention is as follows:

10-aliquoting tube

20-interface ring 21-on-off valve 211-valve tube cavity

212-movable adjusting buckle 212 a-sub rod body 213-transverse net strip 213 a-hinge column

214-rotating handle 215-transition shaft 216-compression bar

30-nutrient overflow port 31-nutrient slow-release film 40-filter screen 41-vertical net strip

Detailed Description

For ease of understanding, the specific structure and operation of the present invention will be further described herein with reference to FIGS. 1-4:

the plant nutrient ring of the invention has a specific structure, and referring to fig. 1-2, the main components of the plant nutrient ring comprise an aliquoting tube 10 and a connector ring 20. Wherein, two pipe ends of the aliquoting pipe 10 are respectively provided with a sub-mouth with external threads and a female mouth with internal threads which can idle, and when in use, adjacent pipe ends of the aliquoting pipe 10 are screwed together through threaded fit, thereby realizing the purpose of rapid connection of the adjacent aliquoting pipes 10.

On the basis of the above construction, the embodiment shown in fig. 1-2 provides two sets of aliquoting tubes 10, which are joined end to end with each other to form an annular plant nutrition ring. As shown in fig. 3, a screen 40 with vertical screen bars 41 at regular intervals and a transverse adjusting screen with transverse screen bars 213 at adjustable intervals are arranged in the interface ring 20. In use, the rotary handle 214 and the transition shaft 215 are acted by the gear and the rack, so that the transition shaft 215 can be controlled to generate axial action when the rotary handle 214 rotates. The axial displacement of the transition shaft 215 drives the pressing rod 216 to lift, so as to push the movable adjusting buckle 212 to extend and compress. Because the movable adjusting buckle 212 is provided with the transverse net strips 213, and the movable guide rails at the two ends of the transverse net strips 213 as shown in fig. 4 are matched with the corresponding sub-rod bodies 212a, once the movable adjusting buckle 212 generates the telescopic action, the transverse net strips 213 are similar and separated. When the lateral net strips 213 are close to each other, the lateral net strips 213 can be closed to close the valve tube cavity 211, otherwise, when the lateral net strips 213 are separated from each other, the gaps between the lateral net strips form a circulation gap for circulating liquid fertilizer to filter impurities, and the use is very convenient.

The actual usage flow of the present invention shown in fig. 1 is as follows:

firstly, the annular plant nutrition ring is split into two groups of semicircular equal pipes 10, liquid fertilizer is added according to the nutrient demand and the proportion of the growth of tea trees, and then the two semicircular equal pipes 10 are screwed tightly through the interface ring 20. Because the opening and closing valve 21 consisting of the filter screen 40 and the transverse adjusting net is arranged in the interface ring 20, the interface ring 20 can be kept to effectively filter impurities entering the plant nutrition ring, and meanwhile, the efficient circulation of nutrients and moisture can be ensured, so that the amount of liquid fertilizer in each aliquoting pipe 10 can be rebalanced by opening and closing the opening and closing valve 21 before burying, and the liquid fertilizer can be ensured to be evenly distributed around the plant nutrition ring. When the annular plant nutrition ring is buried, the ring needs to be buried in soil around the tea plant, and the burying depth is 10-15 cm. After being buried in the soil for 7-15 days, the nutrients start to slowly overflow through the nutrient slow-release film 31 at the nutrient overflow port 30 of the annular plant nutrient ring, so that the nutrients are gradually released to the rhizosphere soil of the tea tree according to the physiological growth rhythm requirement of the tea tree, and the root system of the tea tree can effectively absorb the released mineral nutrients and be efficiently utilized.

Claims

1. A plant nutrition ring, characterized in that: comprises more than two arc-shaped aliquoting pipes (10), wherein the pipe cavities of the aliquoting pipes (10) form a containing cavity for containing fertilizer; two pipe ends of each halving pipe (10) are provided with interface rings (20) for locking with the pipe ends of the adjacent halving pipes (10), so that the halving pipes (10) are connected end to form a circular nutrition ring body; an opening and closing valve (21) capable of controlling the communication or closing of the pipe cavities of the adjacent equal-dividing pipes (10) is arranged at the interface ring (20); a nutrient overflow port (30) penetrating through the pipe wall is arranged on the annular surface of one side of the nutrient ring body, and a nutrient slow-release film (31) is covered on the nutrient overflow port (30); the nutrient overflow outlets (30) are more than three groups and are sequentially and uniformly distributed along the annular surface of the nutrient ring body;

the on-off valve (21) comprises a valve pipe, and a valve pipe cavity (211) forms a circulation cavity for circulating liquid fertilizer; the wall of the valve pipe is radially provided with a flat square hole-shaped inserting hole in a penetrating way for inserting the filter screen (40) and the transverse adjusting net, the filter screen (40) and the transverse adjusting net are mutually jointed in a mesh surface manner, and the mesh surface is perpendicular to the flowing direction of the liquid fertilizer; the transverse adjusting net comprises a movable adjusting buckle (212) and transverse net strips (213), the movable adjusting buckle (212) comprises sub-rod bodies (212 a) which are sequentially connected and arranged end to end along the direction vertical to the transverse net strips (213), and each adjacent sub-rod body (212 a) is hinged with each other through a hinge shaft with the axis vertical to the net surface direction of the filter screen (40), so that a W-shaped hinge structure of the movable adjusting buckle (212) is formed; the two groups of movable adjusting buckles (212) are respectively arranged at two sides of the filter screen (40), and the two groups of movable adjusting buckles (212) are connected with each other through each transverse net strip (213); the opening and closing valve (21) also comprises an opening and closing switch for pushing the movable hinge buckle to generate a telescopic action in a specified direction; the pushing direction of the on-off switch is parallel to the net surface of the filter screen (40) and perpendicular to the length direction of the transverse net strips (213), so that when the on-off switch performs pushing action, the movable adjusting buckle (212) can be extruded and stretched, and further, the adjacent parallel transverse net strips (213) can perform approaching and separating actions.

2. A plant nutrient ring as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: hinge columns (213 a) are arranged at two ends of the transverse net strip (213), the axes of the hinge columns (213 a) are parallel to the axes of the hinge shafts, kidney-shaped holes are arranged on the sub-rod body (212 a), the hole pattern length directions of the kidney-shaped holes are parallel to the length directions of the transverse net strip (213), and the hinge columns (213 a) are clamped in the kidney-shaped holes and can conduct reciprocating linear guiding actions along the hole pattern length directions of the kidney-shaped holes.

3. A plant nutrient ring as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the on-off switch comprises a rotating handle (214) arranged on the outer wall of the valve pipe, a gear is coaxially arranged on a rotating shaft of the rotating handle (214), the axis of a transition shaft (215) is parallel to the mesh surface of the filter screen (40) and perpendicular to the length direction of the transverse mesh strip (213), a rack is arranged on the outer wall of the transition shaft (215) and is parallel to the axis of the transition shaft (215), and the rack and the gear form a gear meshing action; the transition shaft (215) is relatively near to the compression bar (216) arranged at one shaft end of the movable adjusting buckle (212), the compression bar (216) is two and is axially symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the transition shaft (215), one bar end of the two compression bars (216) is fixedly connected at the transition shaft (215), and the other bar end is fixedly connected or hinged with the uppermost sub-bar body (212 a) of the movable hinging buckle.

4. A plant nutrient ring as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: an included angle is formed between the two pressing rods (216), the included angle is an obtuse angle, and an included angle opening formed by the two pressing rods (216) faces the direction of the filter screen (40).

5. A plant nutrition ring according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that: the filter screen (40) is formed by arranging vertical net strips (41) at intervals in sequence, and the vertical net strips (41) and the transverse net strips (213) form a square grid structure together.

6. A plant nutrition ring according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that: the pipe diameter of the equal dividing pipe (10) is 5-8 cm, and the inner diameter of the nutrition ring body is 80-100 cm; the diameter of the nutrient overflow outlet (30) is 3-5 cm.

7. A plant nutrition ring according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that: the two pipe ends of the equal dividing pipe (10) are respectively provided with a sub-mouth with external threads of the interface ring (20) and a female mouth with internal threads which can idle along the axis of the equal dividing pipe (10), so that when in use, adjacent pipe ends of two adjacent equal dividing pipes (10) can be screwed together through the screw thread matching of the sub-mouth and the female mouth at the interface ring.

8. A method of fertilizing tea trees using the plant nutrient ring of claim 1, comprising the steps of:

1) Adding a specified liquid fertilizer into the equal-divided pipes (10) according to the current nutrient requirements and proportion of the growth of the tea trees, and connecting the equal-divided pipes (10) end to end through an interface ring (20) to form a nutrition ring body;

2) The liquid fertilizer amount in each equal-divided pipe (10) is balanced through the adjustment of the opening and closing valve (21), and when the liquid fertilizer amount in each equal-divided pipe (10) is consistent, the opening and closing valve (21) is closed so as to isolate each equal-divided pipe (10) from each other;

3) Digging an annular pit for placing a plant nutrition ring around the trunk of the tea tree, wherein the depth of the annular pit is 10-15 cm, and the axis of the annular pit and the trunk of the tea tree are coaxial; the plant nutrient ring is placed in the annular pit such that the plant nutrient ring is disposed around the trunk of the tea tree, covered with soil, and the nutrient spill port (30) is maintained facing downward at all times.

9. The tea tree fertilization method of claim 8, wherein: taking out the plant nutrition ring every 1-2 months so as to supplement the liquid fertilizer; during supplementing, one of the connector rings (20) is disassembled at will, excessive moisture in the equal-dividing pipe (10) is discharged through opening and closing of the opening and closing valve (21), and then new liquid fertilizer is refilled, and the burying process of the plant nutrition ring is completed through the steps 1), 2) and 3).