CN108501950A - 区分内部故障和外力的车辆功率流分析 - Google Patents

区分内部故障和外力的车辆功率流分析 Download PDF

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CN108501950A
CN108501950A CN201810151551.6A CN201810151551A CN108501950A CN 108501950 A CN108501950 A CN 108501950A CN 201810151551 A CN201810151551 A CN 201810151551A CN 108501950 A CN108501950 A CN 108501950A
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vehicle
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CN108501950B (zh
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J·J·科雷亚
J·J·帕克
H·M·勤兰德
R·A·库拉斯
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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    • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
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Abstract

一种用于通过分析车辆参数来区分车辆的突然加速是由于内部故障还是外力而导致的方法。该方法利用加速度变化的大小和方向来评估突然加速是由于可能的***故障场景还是潜在的碰撞场景而导致的。

Description

区分内部故障和外力的车辆功率流分析
技术领域
本发明涉及区分内部故障和外力的车辆功率流分析。
背景技术
这里提供了与本发明有关的背景信息，其不一定是现有技术。
电动车辆已经变得越来越普及。对车辆蓄电池充电的成本要大大低于用于驱动具有内燃机的传统车辆的燃料的成本。另外，电动车辆可以降低与传统内燃机相关的有害排放量。
发明内容
这里提供了本发明的大体概述，但并非其全部范围或其所有特征的综合披露。
因为电动车辆采用相对新的技术进步，所以仍然需要为电动车辆提供改进的控制，以区分内部故障和外力。具体地，本发明提供了一种通过分析车辆参数来区分车辆的突然加速是由于内部故障还是外力而导致的方法。该方法利用加速度变化的大小和方向来评估突然加速是由于潜在***故障场景还是潜在碰撞场景而导致的，然后采取相应的措施。
更多的可施用领域将从本文提供的说明中而变得显而易见。该发明内容中的描述和具体实例仅用于说明的目的，而并不用于限制本发明的范围。
附图说明
本文中描绘的附图仅用于说明所选实施例的目的，而不是所有可能的实施方式，不用于限制本发明的范围。
图1为根据本发明原理的一种车辆的示意图，该车辆具有电动机驱动***和用于判断突然加速是由于内部故障还是外力而导致的控制***；以及
图2为根据本发明原理的一种方法的示例性方法步骤的流程图。
在所有的附图中，对应的附图标记指代对应的部件。
具体实施方式
下面将参考附图对实例实施例进行更充分的描述。
提供这些实例实施例，以使得本发明将是详尽的，并将发明范围充分地传达给本领域技术人员。阐述了许多具体细节，比如具体部件、装置及方法的实例，以便充分理解本发明的实施例。本领域的技术人员将会明了，不需要采用具体细节，实例实施例可以以许多不同的形式体现，以及两者都不应理解为对本发明范围的限制。在一些实例实施例，公知的过程、公知的装置结构以及公知的技术没有进行详细描述。
本文中所使用的术语仅仅用于描述具体实例实施例，而并非限制。在本文中所使用的单数形式的“一种”、“所述”和“该”可用于包括多数形式，除非上下文清楚地表示其它含义。术语“包括”、“包含”以及“具有”涵盖非排他性的包含，从而明确说明了存在所陈述的特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件，但并不排除存在或增加一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件、部件和/或它们的组合。本文中所描述的方法步骤、过程及操作不应理解为一定要求它们以论述或图示的特定顺序来表现，除非明确确定为一定的表现顺序。还应理解，也可以采用附加或可选的步骤。
当某个元件或某个层被称为设于另一元件或层“之上”、与其“啮合”、“连接”或“耦接”时，其可以是直接设于其它元件或层之上、与其啮合、连接或耦接，或者也可以设有中间元件或层。与此相反，当某个元件被称为“直接设于”另一元件或层“之上”、与其“直接啮合”、“直接连接”或“直接耦接”时，可以不设中间元件或层。其它用于描述元件之间关系的词语也应当以类似的方式来理解(例如，“在...之间”和“直接在...之间”、“与...相邻”和“与...相邻”，等)。本文中所使用的术语“和/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列出项目的任何及所有组合。
参见图1，示意性地示出了车辆10，包括用于通过齿轮减少装置15来驱动车辆10的车轮14的电动机12。控制单元16从速度传感器18接收车辆速度信号，并从电动机转矩传感器20接收电动机转矩信号。控制单元16通过控制线21为电动机12提供控制信号。控制单元16还与其它输入装置通信，比如加速踏板22和制动踏板24，以从其接收驾驶员输入。控制单元16可采用各种形式，包括但不限于控制器单元、专用电路、各种控制模块和/或它们的组合。
车辆10能够为单踏板驱动模式，该模式由控制单元16控制，使得加速踏板22的输入信号用于在加速和维持车辆速度以及响应于松开加速踏板22而通过电动机12施加负转矩来降低车辆速度时控制电动机运行，并用于在不使用车辆制动器的情况下“保持”车辆10处于停止状态。
控制单元16能够使用速度传感器18或其它可选的传感器的输入来确定在任何给定时间的车辆加速度。
参见图2，提供了本发明的一种方法，用于通过分析车辆参数来区分车辆的突然加速是由于内部故障还是外力而导致的。该方法利用加速度变化的大小和方向来评估突然加速是由于潜在***故障场景还是潜在碰撞场景而导致的，然后采取相应的措施。
如图2所示，在该控制方法的步骤100中，车辆10在单踏板驱动模式中实现有效“保持”。在步骤102中，对车辆突然运动启用监控。在步骤104中，确定是否检测到非预期的显着加速度变化率。例如，当车辆在没有相应的操作员输入引导加速的情况下而进行了加速时，能够确定非预期的显着加速度变化率。如果在步骤104中确定没有显着加速度变化率，则控制循环返回步骤102。如果在步骤104中确定了非预期的显着加速度变化率，控制进行至步骤106，在该步骤中，确定是否检测到保持转矩的非预期变化。该保持转矩的非预期变化能够基于转矩传感器20的输入来检测。如果否，控制循环返回至步骤102。然而，如果在步骤106中检测到了保持转矩的非预期变化，则控制进行至步骤108，在该步骤中，确定保持转矩的变化是否超过预定阈值。如果否，该方法进行至步骤110，在该步骤中，控制单元16采取针对潜在***故障场景的适当措施。针对潜在***故障场景的适当措施可以包括使车辆停止，施加车辆的驻车制动器和/或禁止车辆运行。更具体地，针对导致***关机的内部故障，推进***能够用0转矩命令来关闭，且所有致动器都能够在控制器仍处于唤醒状态时被禁用。当操作员将点火钥匙关闭时，则开始控制器关机过程。在预定时间(比如5秒)后，触发行程结束(EOT)过程，在该过程中，诊断***将故障状态清除，且在触发补救时释放关机动作。在一定时间段后，控制器自身关闭，通过车辆钥匙可以触发下一个控制器循环。如果在步骤108中确定保持转矩的变化超过了预定阈值，则控制进行至步骤112，在该步骤中，确定该保持转矩的变化是否与车辆行驶方向相同。如果在步骤112中确定该保持转矩的变化与车辆行驶方向相同，则控制进行至步骤110，在该步骤中，控制单元16采取如上文所述的针对潜在***故障场景的适当措施。如果在步骤112中确定该保持转矩的变化与车辆行驶方向不同，则控制进行至步骤114，在该步骤中，控制单元16采取针对潜在故障或车辆碰撞场景的适当措施。针对碰撞场景的适当措施可以包括在进行额外的***评估的同时使车辆能够继续运行。这将使得驾驶员能够对车辆进行操作以在发生碰撞后清空道路。在超过第一距离阈值后，***可以请求接合电驻车制动器。在超过第一距离阈值后，***随后可以请求切换至驻车。然后，驾驶员可以取消驻车以使车辆移动。驾驶员即可以手动也可以通过使车辆加速来禁用电驻车制动器，使车辆加速会自动禁用电驻车制动器。
本发明的方法使得控制单元通过使用功率流的变化大小、功率流的变化方向以及加速度变化率来做出该判断，能够在单踏板驱动模式下运行时对外部干扰与内力进行区分。因此，如果车辆的单踏板驱动特征已激活且检测到如碰撞等外部干扰，***会阻止关机补救动作。因此，本发明的***使用功率流大小和功率流的变化方向来区分外力和内部故障。这一区别使得能够得到比适当的固定缓解更适当的是否避免侵入式***关机的动作。
以上对实施例的描述用作对示例和描述的目的。但这并不旨在穷举或限制本发明。具体实施例的独立要素或特征总的来说并不限于具体实施例但是适用时是可交换的并可以用于所选的实施例，即使未特别给出或描述。其还可以在许多方面做出修改。这样的变形不能视为脱离了本发明，且所有这样的修改都应认为被包括在本发明的范围内。

Claims (3)

1.一种通过分析车辆参数来区分车辆的内部故障和外力的方法，所述车辆具有电动机驱动***，所述电动机驱动***可操作，用于通过在不应用制动***的情况下利用所述电动机驱动***施加保持转矩而保持所述车辆静止，所述方法包括：
确定是否存在非预期的显着加速度变化率；
基于确定存在非预期的显着加速度变化率，确定是否存在相应的高于预定水平的保持转矩的非预期变化；
基于确定存在高于预定水平的保持转矩的非预期变化，确定保持转矩的变化方向是否与车辆行驶方向相同；
基于确定保持转矩的变化方向与车辆行驶方向相同，采取用于评估潜在***故障场景的预定措施；以及
基于确定保持转矩的变化方向与车辆行驶方向相反，采取针对潜在碰撞场景的预定措施，其中所述针对潜在碰撞场景的预定措施与所述用于评估潜在***故障场景的预定措施不同。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述用于评估潜在***故障场景的预定措施包括关闭所述车辆。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中所述针对潜在碰撞场景的预定措施包括在进行额外的***评估的同时使所述车辆能够继续运行。
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