CN108454790B - Bottom-sitting self-elevating wind power piling ship - Google Patents

Bottom-sitting self-elevating wind power piling ship Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108454790B
CN108454790B CN201711083726.6A CN201711083726A CN108454790B CN 108454790 B CN108454790 B CN 108454790B CN 201711083726 A CN201711083726 A CN 201711083726A CN 108454790 B CN108454790 B CN 108454790B
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China
Prior art keywords
wind power
floating body
ship
lower floating
pile
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CN201711083726.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN108454790A (en
Inventor
管彤贤
郑轶刊
晁世方
曲庆亮
魏明
龚钰晟
刘国军
吴富生
严兵
何可耕
汪怡
赵之栋
施海滨
黄曌宇
张氢
孙远韬
韩传杰
周然
赖蕾
夏冰
于富强
余谦
于小伟
王赟
苑思敏
吴国
于多
杨国超
崔爱新
唐杰
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Shanghai Zhenghua Heavy Industries Co Ltd
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Shanghai Zhenghua Heavy Industries Co Ltd
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Priority claimed from CN201710595583.0A external-priority patent/CN107284612A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B63B21/502Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers by means of tension legs
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/02Placing by driving
    • E02D7/06Power-driven drivers
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63BSHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4433Floating structures carrying electric power plants
    • B63B2035/446Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727Offshore wind turbines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a sitting-bottom self-elevating wind power piling ship, which comprises: upper hull, hoist, spud leg and lower body. The crane is mounted on the upper hull. The spud leg is installed on the upper hull. The lower floating body is connected with the pile leg. The self-elevating wind power piling ship floats, the upper ship body floats on the water surface, the pile legs are retracted, the lower floating body is retracted to the bottom of the upper ship body, and the lower floating body is positioned below the water surface. The bottom-sitting self-elevating wind power piling ship stands, the pile legs extend out, the lower floating body sinks to the seabed, the lower floating body is fixed on the seabed, the upper ship body is jacked up by the pile legs, and the upper ship body is separated from the water surface. The bottom-sitting self-elevating wind power piling ship does not need pile insertion and extraction, can greatly improve the working efficiency and reduce the working risk. The lower floating body of the bottom-supported self-elevating wind power piling ship can adjust buoyancy through water injection and drainage and balance the overturning moment of the crane.

Description

Bottom-sitting self-elevating wind power piling ship
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of marine equipment, in particular to a wind power piling ship.
Background
The world is now being strived for the development of renewable energy sources, where the wind power market has a vital role. It is known that 30% of electricity is changed to wind power before the uk is planned to 2030, with the prominence being offshore wind power. As is well known: the development and utilization of wind energy are highly emphasized in China, and onshore wind power tends to be saturated, and offshore wind power development is in progress. The coastal of China has huge wind energy, and the wind power potential of the coastal water depth ranging from 5 meters to 25 meters is 5 hundred million kilowatts according to statistics of a central weather bureau. It is known that the approved offshore wind power project is nearly 600 kilowatts, and the established offshore wind power is only about 100 kilowatts, so that the offshore wind power task is difficult to develop in the future.
Piling is needed for installation of the offshore wind turbine generator, and a platform is provided for installation of the wind turbine generator. The traditional pile driving operation mainly uses a pile-inserting type pile driving ship, and the pile-inserting type pile driving ship consists of a crane, a ship body, pile legs, pile shoes, a pile gripper and a lifting system. When in operation, large-diameter pile legs (with the diameter of more than 4 meters) with large pile shoes are deeply inserted into mud on the seabed until reaching hard soil layers (20-30 meters in soft soil conditions can be needed to be inserted), so that support is provided for a piling ship. In order to reduce the impact of the surge on the ship body of the piling ship (3000-4000 tons depending on the surge impact of different ship types), the main ship body needs to be lifted slightly from the water surface by using the spud legs for about 5-6 meters so that the surge passes through the lower part of the main ship body, and the main ship body is kept stable under the attack of the marine stormy waves.
The operation of the conventional pile driving boat has the following difficulties.
Pile insertion and pre-loading: before the large wind power installation ship (the total weight is up to 2 ten thousand tons), the pile leg must be pre-pressed, and the load is up to 8000-10000 tons. To prevent foundation puncture from occurring, resulting in tilting or even tipping of the platform. The ballast water is used for prepressing very slowly, the ballast tank with the volume of tens of thousands of tons is difficult to realize, only the 'diagonal pressure' of the stress of two legs can be adopted, and the stress of the main ship body is extremely high in the state, so that the weight of the ship body structure is increased by hundreds or even thousands of tons. Even if a large pile shoe with 100 square meters is arranged, enough bearing capacity can be provided under the condition of soft soil under the condition of often tens of meters of depth, the length of the pile leg is increased, and the service life of the lifting gear is seriously influenced by sediment on a rack belt. Under extreme conditions, even insufficient strength may be required to perform the operation due to insufficient or too long leg length.
Pile pulling: after the huge pile shoe is inserted into the pile surface by tens of meters, the huge pile shoe is covered with the soil weight, so that huge downward pressure is brought when the pile is pulled out. Meanwhile, the adsorption force, soil cohesiveness, side friction resistance and soil shearing destructive power formed by the negative pore water pressure at the bottom of the pile shoe are overcome. When the insertion depth is deep, the pile pulling force is large, and the pile pulling is very difficult. The high-pressure water flushing pile can supplement pore water at the bottom of the pile shoe and eliminate negative pressure suction. But when the pile shoe is inserted deeply in mud, the soil body strength is high, and the pile punching difficulty is also high. In special cases, it is even possible to not move the pile. When pile pulling is performed, the buoyancy of the ship is used for overcoming the pile pulling force, and the pile pulling is performed one by one. Time and effort are consumed, and when the pile pulling is difficult, the pile pulling can take days, 1-2 weeks and even longer (10 weeks are consumed in some cases). Sometimes, the pile shoe cannot be pulled out in thousands of meters, and the pile shoe has to be cut off. In soft soil sea areas, even the bearing and mounting tasks can be influenced due to difficult pile pulling, which is clearly a limiting condition for pile driving ships.
Efficiency and risk: according to the investigation, when the pile-inserting type pile driving ship works smoothly, one pile is driven for about 1 week on average. Under the muddy condition, the inserting and pulling pile can occupy 1/3-1/2 of the operation time, and when the pile is difficult to be used, the time is not controllable. When pile pulling is difficult, not only is there time consumption, but also an uncontrolled uncertainty state is created. The conditions of daily tide rise, tide fall, changed stormy waves and the like are required to be faced at sea, so that the load and the service life of a lifting system are increased, and the risk of the whole ship is also greatly increased.
From the above analysis, the pile inserting and extracting process is the most time-consuming and labor-consuming link in the operation process of the pile driving ship, but the pile inserting and extracting process only has the function of providing a stable operation platform. If the pile inserting and pulling process can be avoided on the premise of ensuring the stability of the platform, the pile inserting and pulling method has great significance in improving efficiency, accelerating wind farm construction and reducing offshore operation risk.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a wind power piling ship capable of avoiding pile insertion and extraction.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a sit-on self-elevating wind power piling ship, comprising: upper hull, hoist, spud leg and lower body. The crane is mounted on the upper hull. The spud leg is installed on the upper hull. The lower floating body is connected with the pile leg. The self-elevating wind power piling ship floats, the upper ship body floats on the water surface, the pile legs are retracted, the lower floating body is retracted to the bottom of the upper ship body, and the lower floating body is positioned below the water surface. The bottom-sitting self-elevating wind power piling ship stands, the pile legs extend out, the lower floating body sinks to the seabed, the lower floating body is fixed on the seabed, the upper ship body is jacked up by the pile legs, and the upper ship body is separated from the water surface.
In one embodiment, the lower float includes: the device comprises a cylinder, a vertical cylinder, a cross beam and a slide-resistant pile. The cylinders are arranged in parallel to form the body of the lower floating body. The vertical cylinders are disposed on both sides of the body of the lower floating body formed of a plurality of cylinders. The cross beams are arranged laterally on top and bottom of the body of the lower float formed by several cylinders. The slide-resistant piles are disposed at both sides of the body of the lower floating body formed of a plurality of cylinders.
In one embodiment, a slide-resistant pile is provided in the gap between the plurality of risers, the slide-resistant pile being extendable downwardly or retractable upwardly, the slide-resistant pile being extendable downwardly for insertion into the seabed, securing the lower float and carrying a horizontal load.
In one embodiment, the inner side of the cross beam contacts the top or bottom of the cylinder, and the inner side of the cross beam forms an arcuate recess to mate with the cylinder.
In one embodiment, the spud leg is connected to the top of the body of the lower float formed by several cylinders.
In one embodiment, the spud leg is connected to the top beam by a ball joint.
In one embodiment, water is injected or drained from the cylinder so that the lower float has different buoyancy.
In one embodiment, water is injected or drained from the riser to balance the overturning moment of the crane.
The bottom-sitting self-elevating wind power piling ship does not need pile insertion and extraction, can greatly improve the working efficiency and reduce the working risk. The lower floating body of the bottom-supported self-elevating wind power piling ship can adjust buoyancy through water injection and drainage and balance the overturning moment of the crane.
Drawings
The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which like reference characters designate like features throughout the drawings, and in which:
FIG. 1 discloses a block diagram of a bottom-mounted jack-up wind power pile driving vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention, the bottom-mounted jack-up wind power pile driving vessel of FIG. 1 being in a floating state.
FIG. 2 discloses a block diagram of a bottom-mounted jack-up wind power pile driving vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention, the bottom-mounted jack-up wind power pile driving vessel of FIG. 2 being in a standing position.
FIG. 3 discloses a block diagram of a lower float in a bottom-mounted jack-up wind power piling vessel in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 discloses a transverse cross-sectional view of a lower buoy in a bottom-mounted jack-up wind power piling vessel in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
Figure 5 discloses a longitudinal cross-section of a lower buoy in a bottom-mounted jack-up wind power piling vessel according to one embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to solve the difficulty of pile insertion and extraction in the operation process of the traditional pile insertion type pile driving ship, the bottom-sitting self-elevating wind power pile driving ship is provided. Compared with the traditional pile-inserted pile driving ship, the pile shoe is omitted from the bottom-supported self-elevating wind power pile driving ship, and the pile shoe is changed into a lower floating body with large drainage amount and bottom area. The weight of the piling ship is not born by the pile shoe, but is born by the buoyancy and the bottom surface of the lower floating body, and can be adjusted at any time according to the requirement.
In general, a bottom-supported self-elevating wind power piling ship consists of an upper ship body and a lower floating body, wherein the upper ship body and the lower floating body are connected by pile legs. The lower floating body can be arranged on the mud surface under the sea water. The self weight is borne by the buoyancy of the lower floating body and the counter force of the bottom, and the upper hull of the wind power piling ship is lifted 5 meters to 6 meters away from the water surface, so that wind waves pass through, and the impact is reduced. In the non-operating state, the lower floating body can be retracted into the upper ship body so as to facilitate dispatch or sailing.
The gross weight of the hull does not act entirely on the lower float, but rather the self-weight of the bottom-mounted jack-up wind power pile driving vessel = the bottom-mounted load on the mud + the buoyancy. Therefore, the floating body with enough water displacement is designed, the bottom load can be changed by adjusting the water displacement of the lower floating body (the water in the suction and discharge lower floating body can be regulated to be suitable for mud layers (even mud) with different bearing capacities on the seabed, and the application range of the wind power piling ship is enlarged.
Part of the horizontal force generated by the wind surge is born by the friction force generated by the vertical force and the mud surface, and the other part is born by the horizontal shearing resistance of the non-pile shoe anti-slip pile inserted into the surface mud at the lower part. The overturning moment generated by the crane during operation is balanced by the water suction and drainage system. During normal hoisting operation, only vertical loads which are uniformly distributed on the mud surface are generated, and unbalanced load caused by moment basically cannot occur.
Referring to fig. 1 and2, fig. 1 and2 disclose a structure of a bottom-mounted self-elevating wind power piling ship according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the bottom-mounted self-elevating wind power piling ship of fig. 1 is in a floating state, and the bottom-mounted self-elevating wind power piling ship of fig. 2 is in a standing state.
As shown, the bottom-mounted self-elevating wind power piling ship comprises: an upper hull 103, a crane 101, a spud leg 102 and a lower buoy 104. The crane 101 is mounted on an upper hull 103. The spud leg 102 is mounted on the upper hull 103. The lower float 104 is connected to the spud leg 102. When the bottom-supported self-elevating wind power piling ship floats, as shown in fig. 1, the upper ship body 103 floats on the water surface, the pile legs 102 are retracted, the lower floating body 104 is retracted to the bottom of the upper ship body 103, and the lower floating body 103 is positioned below the water surface. When the bottom-supported self-elevating wind power pile ship earth station is driven, as shown in fig. 2, the pile leg 102 extends out, the lower floating body 104 sinks onto the seabed, the lower floating body 104 is fixed on the seabed, the anti-slip pile 105 is inserted into the mud on the seabed, the upper hull 103 is jacked up by the pile leg 102, and the upper hull 103 is separated from the water surface. In one embodiment, the legs 102 jack up the upper hull 103 to a distance of 5 to 6 meters from the water surface to prevent the impact of a surge.
Fig. 3, 4 and 5 disclose a structural view of a lower float in a bottom-mounted jack-up wind power piling vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein fig. 4 discloses a lateral cross-sectional view of the lower float and fig. 5 discloses a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the lower float.
As shown, the lower floating body includes: barrel 201, riser 202, cross beam 203 and slide stud 105. A plurality of cylinders 201 are arranged side by side to form the body of the lower float. In one embodiment, a number of cylinders 201 of diameter 7 meters are juxtaposed to form the body of the lower float. Referring to fig. 4, a support column 211 is provided in a cylinder 201, and the support column 211 functions as a reinforcing rib. The risers 202 are disposed on either side of the body of the lower float formed of a plurality of cylinders. The cross beam 203 is disposed laterally at the top and bottom of the body of the lower float formed of several cylinders. In the illustrated embodiment, the inside of the cross beam 203 is in contact with the top or bottom of the cylinder 201, and the inside of the cross beam 203 forms an arc-shaped groove to mate with the cylinder 201. The slide piles 105 are disposed at both sides of the body of the lower floating body formed of a plurality of cylinders. In the illustrated embodiment, the cleats 105 are disposed in the gaps between the plurality of risers 202, the cleats 105 being able to extend downwardly or retract upwardly, the cleats 105 being able to extend downwardly for insertion into the seabed, securing the lower float and carrying horizontal loads. As shown, the spud leg 102 is connected to the top of the body of the lower float formed by several cylinders. In one embodiment, the leg 102 is connected to the top beam 203 by a ball joint. The cross beam 203 is of unitary construction and is relatively strong and thus suitable for connection to the leg 102. The spherical hinge can reduce stress concentration at the connecting part, effectively protect the whole structure of the lower floating body and realize reasonable stress distribution of the bottom-sitting self-elevating wind power piling ship.
Water can be injected or discharged from the cylinder 201, and the lower floating body has different buoyancy by controlling the water injection and discharge of the cylinder 201. The water can be injected or discharged from the vertical cylinders 202 on both sides, respectively, and the overturning moment during the crane operation can be balanced by controlling the different water injection and discharge of the vertical cylinders 202 on both sides.
In the floating state shown in fig. 1, the bottom-mounted jack-up wind power piling ship floats on the sea surface for short Cheng Diaoqian and towing long voyage. The standing state shown in fig. 2 is an operation state, the lower floating body is sunk onto the seabed under the action of the lifting mechanism, the slide-resistant pile is inserted into the seabed, and the sitting self-elevating wind power piling ship realizes the resistance to horizontal load by virtue of the friction force between the lower floating body and the seabed and the horizontal shearing force of the slide-resistant pile. The bottom-sitting self-elevating wind power piling ship realizes the regulation and control of the bottom-sitting force by means of the buoyancy adjustment of the lower floating body so as to realize the adaptation to the seabed with different geological characteristics. Because the lower floating body is adopted, the pile shoe is abandoned, so that the pile pulling is not bitter, and the working efficiency is improved when the pile position is transferred.
The cylinder of the lower floating body is injected and drained to realize the buoyancy adjustment of the lower floating body, so as to realize the adjustment of the sitting force of the sitting self-elevating wind power piling ship. The slide pile is to resist horizontal loads due to wind surges and the like. Because the crane is arranged on the upper hull, the moment of overturning with the magnitude changing at any moment can be generated during the operation of the crane, and the moment balance can be realized by adjusting the ballast water to the vertical cylinder of the lower floating body.
The bottom-sitting self-elevating wind power piling ship does not need pile insertion and extraction, can greatly improve the working efficiency and reduce the working risk. The lower floating body of the bottom-supported self-elevating wind power piling ship can adjust buoyancy through water injection and drainage and balance the overturning moment of the crane.
The embodiments described above are intended to provide those skilled in the art with a full range of modifications and variations to the embodiments described above without departing from the inventive concept thereof, and therefore the scope of the invention is not limited by the embodiments described above, but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the innovative features recited in the claims.

Claims (5)

1. A sit-bottom jack-up wind power piling ship, comprising:
An upper hull;
a crane mounted on the upper hull;
Pile legs, which are arranged on the upper hull;
The lower floating body is connected with the pile leg;
the bottom-sitting self-elevating wind power piling ship floats, the upper ship body floats on the water surface, the pile legs are retracted, the lower floating body is retracted to the bottom of the upper ship body, and the lower floating body is positioned below the water surface;
The bottom-sitting self-elevating wind power piling ship stands, pile legs extend out, a lower floating body sinks to the seabed, the lower floating body is fixed on the seabed, an upper ship body is jacked up by the pile legs, and the upper ship body is separated from the water surface;
the lower floating body includes:
A plurality of cylinders are arranged in parallel to form a main body of the lower floating body, and water is injected or discharged into the cylinders, so that the lower floating body has different buoyancy;
The vertical cylinders are arranged at two sides of the main body of the lower floating body formed by the cylinders, and water is injected or discharged into the vertical cylinders so as to balance the overturning moment of the crane;
A cross beam transversely provided at the top and bottom of the body of the lower floating body formed of a plurality of cylinders;
and the anti-slide piles are arranged on two sides of the main body of the lower floating body formed by the cylinders.
2. A bottom-mounted jack-up wind power piling vessel according to claim 1, wherein the slide-resistant piles are arranged in gaps between a plurality of vertical cylinders, the slide-resistant piles can be downwards extended or upwards retracted, the slide-resistant piles can be downwards extended to be inserted into the seabed, and the lower floating body is fixed and bears horizontal load.
3. A bottom-mounted jack-up wind power piling vessel according to claim 1, wherein the inner side of the cross beam contacts the top or bottom of the cylinder, and the inner side of the cross beam forms an arc-shaped groove to match the cylinder.
4. A bottom-mounted jack-up wind power piling vessel according to claim 1, wherein the legs are connected to the top of the body of the lower buoy formed by a number of cylinders.
5. A bottom-mounted jack-up wind power piling vessel according to claim 4, wherein the legs are connected to a beam at the top by ball hinges.
CN201711083726.6A 2017-07-20 2017-11-07 Bottom-sitting self-elevating wind power piling ship Active CN108454790B (en)

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CN2017208840374 2017-07-20
CN201720884037 2017-07-20
CN2017105955830 2017-07-20
CN201710595583.0A CN107284612A (en) 2017-07-20 2017-07-20 Sit bottom jack up wind-powered electricity generation pile driving barge

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CN108454790A CN108454790A (en) 2018-08-28
CN108454790B true CN108454790B (en) 2024-06-21

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CN108454790B (en) * 2017-07-20 2024-06-21 上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司 Bottom-sitting self-elevating wind power piling ship
NL2021708B1 (en) * 2018-09-25 2020-05-07 Gustomsc Resources Bv Method for stabilizing a jack-up platform unit
CN109279516A (en) * 2018-10-26 2019-01-29 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 A kind of novel bottom-sitting type wind power platform
CN115704209A (en) * 2021-08-17 2023-02-17 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Shallow water area offshore platform installation method
CN114802599A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-07-29 华电重工股份有限公司 Fixing system and fixing method for bottom-sitting ship
CN115107930B (en) * 2022-06-23 2024-03-26 华电重工股份有限公司 Semi-floating offshore wind power construction installation ship and construction method
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