CN108436095A - A method of preparing metal powder using high-temperature evaporation, spheroidization processing - Google Patents
A method of preparing metal powder using high-temperature evaporation, spheroidization processing Download PDFInfo
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- CN108436095A CN108436095A CN201810209736.8A CN201810209736A CN108436095A CN 108436095 A CN108436095 A CN 108436095A CN 201810209736 A CN201810209736 A CN 201810209736A CN 108436095 A CN108436095 A CN 108436095A
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- metal
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- drop
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/10—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying using centrifugal force
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/06—Metallic powder characterised by the shape of the particles
- B22F1/065—Spherical particles
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of methods preparing metal powder using high-temperature evaporation, spheroidization processing, heat to source metal, under vacuum condition, are heated to it, make its liquefaction, keep constant temperature and carry out inert gas shielding；Under hot environment, source metal evaporation is made to form fine metal liquid drop and grain；Fine droplets/particle is subjected to spheroidization processing；By liquid drop and grain cooling treatment, metal powder is become；Metal powder grain-size classification；Fine metal powder staticizes, deposition processes.The present invention utilizes high temperature (temperature is higher than the boiling point of source metal) gasification, liquid metal is set to be vaporizated into fine or superfine liquid drop and grain, it then drives, guide these fine or superfine liquid drop and grains and enter spheroidizing of particles processing equipment, it is heated, rotation processing, make it before uncured, by gas rotating, grinding, spherical metal liquid drop and grain is formed.Then, by cooling, fine or superfine globular metallic powder is become.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of PM techniques more particularly to a kind of handled using high-temperature evaporation, spheroidization to make
The method of standby metal powder.
Background technology
Metal powder material has important use, such as automobile in various fields, metallurgical, electronics, chemical industry etc..One
In terms of a little special applications, such as coating, coating, film, fine, evengranular metal powder material is used widely.
In addition, as 3D printing technique deeply develops, metal powder material is essential raw material.In adding for refractory metal material
In work manufacture, the traditional handicrafts such as conventional crucible fusing, moulding by casting and thermo-mechanical processi cannot be used to be processed, can only be used
The methods of powder metallurgy.Therefore, the preparation of powder is the key that entire industrial chain.
Traditional metal powder production process includes：Water atomization, gas atomization etc..The gold that these processing methods are produced
Belong to powder and not only contain serious pollution and impurity (such as carbon, oxygen), but also particle is big, body is irregular and size distribution is poor,
Metal powder is seriously affected using generation.
The metal powder of less demanding to oxygen content, is produced using water atomization.Using the impact force of high pressure water flow,
Molten metal liquid stream is cut into molten drop irregular, not of uniform size, then solidifies the forms such as diamondwise, zigzag
Solid metal powder.
Aerosolization method is widely used in preparing metal powder.This method is using high-pressure air sources such as nitrogen, argon gas as mist
Molten metal is broken into tiny molten drop by agent using the impact force of high pressure gas, these tiny molten metals
Drop is further condensed into tiny solid metallic powder.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in：Refractory metal powder material how is prepared, a kind of use is provided
The method that high-temperature evaporation, spheroidization processing prepare metal powder.
The present invention is that solution above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention include the following steps by the following technical programs：
(101) source metal is heated, under vacuum condition, it is heated, make its liquefaction, keep constant temperature and carried out
Inert gas shielding；
(102) under hot environment, source metal evaporation is made to form fine metal liquid drop and grain；
(103) fine droplets/particle is subjected to spheroidization processing；
(104) by liquid drop and grain cooling treatment, metal powder is become；
(105) metal powder grain-size classification；
(106) fine metal powder staticize, deposition processes.
As one of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the source metal is one or more kinds of metals, it is described two more than
The alloy that source metal is made of setting ratio, is liquefied before vaporization, forms liquid metal mixture.
In the step (102), continuous height is directly carried out to the metal of liquid for one of preferred embodiment as the present invention
Temperature, persistently heat treatment, make liquid metal completely vaporize, generate fine molten metal drop and grain, swim on heating container,
Then under the action of driving and directed forces, fine metal liquid drop and grain is made to float rapidly into next stage processing equipment.
In the step (103), the fine metal drop after vaporization is heated, it is made to keep melting or semi-molten state,
Rotary setting is carried out to particle by gas, makes molten state or semi-vitreous molten metal drop and grain high speed rotation, movement, i.e.,
It is ground using gas, becomes spherical metal liquid drop and grain.
In the step (103), inert gas is imported, so that the air-flow of importing is formed thrust to molten drop/particle, drives
Molten metal drop and grain is moved to the direction of setting.
In the step (103), inert gas is imported, the air-flow of importing is made to form gravitation, guiding to molten drop/particle
Molten metal drop and grain is moved along the direction of setting.
In the step (103), make high-pressure inert gas in the form of rotating and molten state or semi-vitreous molten metal
Drop and grain mixes, and under the rotation of the rotating gas flow, molten state or semi-vitreous molten metal drop and grain high speed is made to revolve
Turn, so that its irregular body is shunk, rotate, be ground into the smooth spherical in surface, then quickly moved along the direction of air-flow
It is dynamic.
In the step (104), using inert gas, the molten metal drop and grain of molten state is quickly cooled down, it is made
Solidify out into metal powder.
In the step (105), metal powder is flowed with air-flow, and larger particle passes through screening according to its size, weight
And Electrostatic Absorption processing, it falls and collects processing；And fine, superfine powder carries out the staticizing of next stage with air-flow, sinks
Product processing.
In the step (106), fine metal powder staticizes by the long period, is slowly deposited on the bottom of hermetically sealed can
Portion then collects, stores.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art：The present invention utilizes high temperature (temperature is higher than the boiling point of source metal) vapour
Change method makes liquid metal be vaporizated into fine or superfine liquid drop and grain, then drives, to guide these fine or ultra-fine
Micro- liquid drop and grain enters spheroidizing of particles processing equipment, is heated, rotation processing, makes it before uncured, passes through gas
Rotation, grinding, form spherical metal liquid drop and grain.Then, by cooling, fine or superfine spherical gold is become
Belong to powder.
Metal powder prepared by the present invention is specially elemental metals or alloy (aluminium base, titanium-based, Ni-based etc.) powder body material.This
It is small that invention has the advantages that environment influences, and made powder body material purity is high, particle is small, the spherical and medium spy of size distribution collection
Property.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of source metal liquefaction device；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of high-temperature evaporation equipment；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of particle driving guide device；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of particle spherical shape processing equipment；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of circulation cooling device；
Fig. 8 is the structural schematic diagram of metal powder grain-size classification equipment；
Fig. 9 is the structural schematic diagram of ultrafine metal powder-processed device；
Figure 10 is the flow diagram of embodiment 1；
Figure 11 is the flow diagram of embodiment 2；
Figure 12 is the flow diagram of embodiment 3.
Specific implementation mode
It elaborates below to the embodiment of the present invention, the present embodiment is carried out lower based on the technical solution of the present invention
Implement, gives detailed embodiment and specific operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following implementation
Example.
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment includes the following steps：
(101) source metal is heated, under vacuum condition, it is heated, make its liquefaction, keep constant temperature and carried out
Inert gas shielding；
(102) under hot environment, source metal evaporation is made to form fine metal liquid drop and grain；
(103) fine droplets/particle is subjected to spheroidization processing；
(104) by liquid drop and grain cooling treatment, metal powder is become；
(105) metal powder grain-size classification；
(106) fine metal powder staticize, deposition processes.
In step (101), the source metal for participating in reaction is one or more kinds of metals.
It for two or more source metals, is then made of setting ratio, is liquefied before vaporization, form liquid metal mixing
Object is then vaporized.
The heating means of source metal are specially resistance heating, electromagnetic induction heating.It is required that heating temperature is higher than source metal
Melting temperature, to reduce the viscosity of liquid metals and keep its flowing smooth.
Carrying out heating to source metal makes its liquefied process, carries out under vacuum first, then keeps constant temperature, and with
Inert gas (nitrogen, argon gas) is protected, it is ensured that liquid metal source is not by impurity or other gaseous contaminations.
In step (102), liquid metal is imported by diversion pipe using the heat safe crucible with cooling settings
Into in crucible.Using high-temperature evaporation method (temperature is higher than the boiling point of source metal), liquid metal vaporization is directly become into fine gold
Belong to drop or particle.Specific high-temperature evaporation method is direct-current arc gasification, plasma gasification, laser vaporization.In addition,
Inert gas (nitrogen or argon gas) is participated.Inert gas protects flame (arc, torch, light beam) spout, prevents metal
Drop or particle crust in nozzle, blocking spout, it is ensured that thermal-flame (arc, torch, light beam) normally sprays, the fine gold of generation
Spheroidizing of particles processing equipment can continuously be supplied by belonging to drop.
Step (102) using flame (arc, torch, light beam) temperature higher than source metal boiling point, to the metal of liquid directly into
Row continuous high temperature, persistently heat treatment, make liquid metal completely vaporize, generate fine molten metal drop and grain, as thick fog shape floats
Float on the upper surface of crucible.Fine metal drop is by a channel, under the action of driving and directed forces, makes fine metal liquid
Drop and grain floats rapidly into spheroidizing of particles processing equipment.
In step (103), in the top of crucible, one channel of connection is to spheroidizing of particles processing equipment, in air-flow (gas
Body) driving and directed forces under the action of, so that fine metal liquid drop and grain is floatd rapidly into spheroidizing of particles processing equipment.In particle
Around spheroidization processing equipment, configuration heating, heat preservation setting, make to float into fine metal liquid drop and grain in spheroidizing of particles
In processing equipment, molten state or semi-molten state are remained, from curing before spheroidization, shaping.
In addition, in the inlet of spheroidizing of particles processing equipment, intermediate position or turning site, it is uniform that multiple arrangements are set
Gas/air-flow inclined hole, the gas of introducing along spheroidizing of particles processing equipment inner wall, purged in rotary manner,
Movement.Meanwhile the air-flow of rotation drives molten state, semi-vitreous fine metal liquid drop and grain to be set in spheroidizing of particles processing
Standby interior quick rotation, and moved along the direction that gas flows.Molten state or semi-vitreous fine metal liquid drop and grain are revolving
The effect for turning power makes the anomalistic object of molten metal drop and grain drastically shrink, and rotates, grinds as spherical droplets/particle.
In step (103), all gas used is all inert gas (nitrogen, argon gas).
Step (104), molten state/semi-vitreous molten metal drop and grain by gas system, make its solidification, at
Shape solidifies out into metal powder.Used gas is inert gas (nitrogen).
Step (105), metal powder after cooling are handled by screening and Electrostatic Absorption, and larger powder particle is fallen one after another
Under, according to the standard (granularity) of setting, classify, and smaller or fine metal powder floats with air-flow into fine metal powder
End staticizes, deposition processor.
Step (106), fine metal powder staticizes, deposition processes, and the processor is by a hermetically sealed can and coherent detection instrument
Composition.In order to ensure normal work, maintenance staticizes, the pressure in deposition processor is less than the pressure that powder size classification setting exports
Power.
Specifically used device is as follows：
As shown in Fig. 2, the present embodiment includes source metal liquefaction device 210, high-temperature evaporation equipment 220, particle driving guiding
Equipment 230, particle spherical shape processing equipment 240, circulation cooling device 250, metal powder grain-size classification equipment 260 and superfine gold
Belong to powder-processed device 270；The source metal liquefaction device 210 is transported to high-temperature evaporation equipment 220 after source METAL HEATING PROCESS liquefies,
Fine metal liquid drop and grain is formed after metallic high temperature heating in the high-temperature evaporation equipment 220, the particle driving guiding is set
Standby 230 are separately positioned in high-temperature evaporation equipment 220 and particle spherical shape processing equipment 240, and the particle drives guide device 230
By the molten metal drop and grain in high-temperature evaporation equipment 220, in air stream drives and under attracting collective effect, introducing particle spherical shape is handled
Equipment 240, molten metal drop and grain are ground into spherical, the circulation cooling device 250 in particle spherical shape processing equipment 240
Be connected to particle spherical shape processing equipment 240, spherical in circulation cooling device 250 cooled and solidified at metal powder, the metal
Powder size sorting device 260 is located at the tail portion of circulation cooling device 250, and metal powder passes through metal powder grain-size classification equipment
Ultrafine metal powder-processed device 270 is entered back into after 260.
As shown in figure 3, the source metal liquefaction device 210 includes the source metal vacuum container 311 for carrying compression system, source
Metal heater 312 and diversion pipe 315, the source metal heater 312 are arranged around source metal vacuum container 311, institute
It states diversion pipe 315 to be arranged in the bottom of source metal vacuum container 311, the diversion pipe 315 is connected to high-temperature evaporation equipment 220.
The smelting furnace of 210 specially sealed, open type of source metal liquefaction device or semi-open-type, with compression system
Source metal vacuum container 311 is located at the lower center position of smelting furnace；Source metal heater 312 is arranged in source metal vacuum container
Around 311, the source metal in vacuum tank is heated by resistance heating or electromagnetic induction heating, is liquefied；Diversion pipe
315 make source metal liquid enter high-pressure vaporization in the bottom of source metal vacuum container 311 by the control of molten metal valve 316
System.
Source metal vacuum container 311 is hemispherical, pyramid type or cylindrical type, is made of heat-resisting material, inner wall smooth, no
Easily adherency source molten metal.The top of source metal vacuum container 311 is provided with charged air induction gas passage 313 and evacuation passageway
314.The gas-pressurized used is specially inert gas (nitrogen, argon gas).
When the pressure in high-temperature evaporation system is higher than the pressure in source metal vacuum container 311, pass through charged air induction gas
The gas in body channel 313, entrance makes source molten metal pass through diversion pipe 315, molten metal valve the pressure on source metal liquid surface
316 (switches), can smoothly enter into high-temperature evaporation system.
Directly the source metal in source metal vacuum container 311 is vacuumized by evacuation passageway 314, because its volume compared with
It is small, it vacuumizes convenient, fast, is conducive to continuous, mass production.Meanwhile reducing the pollution of source metal in outer bound pair container.
As shown in figure 4, the high-temperature evaporation equipment 220 includes vaporizing chamber 421, high temperature gas generator 422, molten metal earthenware
Crucible 424 and high-temperature gas nozzle protect stomata 425；The molten metal crucible 424 is arranged in the bottom of vaporizing chamber 421, the gold
Belong to liquid crucible 424 and be internally provided with cooling medium channel, the vaporizing chamber 421 is connected to source molten metal by molten metal entrance 426
Change equipment 210, the molten metal entrance 426 is located on molten metal crucible 424, and the setting of the high temperature gas generator 422 exists
The top of vaporizing chamber 421, the high-temperature gas nozzle protection stomata 425 are arranged on the gas outlet of high temperature gas generator 422.
Vaporizing chamber 421 is cylindrical type/hemispherical, a metal cavity made of heat-resisting material, inner wall smooth.Separately
Outside, around vaporizing chamber 421, it is configured with water circulation cooling device 250, prevents temperature in vaporizing chamber 421 excessively high.
High temperature gas generator 422 is direct-current arc heater, plasma boiler, laser heater.It is generated
High-temperature gas or flame (arc, torch, light beam) are located at the top in crucible inner metal liquid face, and thermal energy (high-temperature field) is made to concentrate in crucible
The central part of metal bath surface, directly carries out it laser heating, lasting high temperature, and heating temperature is higher than the boiling point of source metal, makes
Molten metal is vaporized into fine or superfine molten drop or particle.
High temperature gas generator power supply 423 is located at the side of high temperature gas generator 422, and connecting cable is short as possible, avoids
Electric energy loss.
Molten metal crucible 424 is gas or water circulating cooling crucible, and sidewall of crucible is internally provided with coiled or calandria
Cooling medium channel keeps molten metal crucible 424 uniformly cooling.Cooling medium is specially nitrogen/argon gas or water.
High-temperature gas nozzle protects stomata 425, by the stomata, imports inert gas (nitrogen or argon gas), purges high temperature
Gas tip makes the molten drop of vaporization be not easy to be adhered to around high-temperature gas nozzle, prevents high-temperature gas nozzle from blocking, really
Guarantor's high temperature gas generator 422 is continuous, works normally.
As shown in figure 5, the particle driving guide device 230, which includes particle driving air flue 531 and particle, guides air flue
532, the particle driving air flue 531 is arranged drives gas in the middle and upper part of vaporizing chamber 421 for blowing metallic particles, the particle
The entrance of the air outlet face particle spherical shape processing equipment 240 in road 531, particle guiding air flue 532 setting is in particle spherical shape
The entrance of processing equipment 240 is for attracting metallic particles to enter particle spherical shape processing equipment 240.
The particle driving air flue 531 includes multiple air-flow straight holes, and multiple air-flow straight holes are evenly distributed on vaporizing chamber 421
Middle part and top.Driving force is formed by the gas that introduces of particle driving air flue 531, fine, superfine the molten drop of change/
The direction that grain declines, drives these particles to enter particle spherical shape processing equipment 240；Gas is specially nitrogen/argon gas.
The particle guiding air flue 532 includes first gas ring, has multiple air-flow inclined holes on first gas ring, is evenly distributed on
On the inner wall of the entrance of particle spherical shape processing equipment 240.Gas/the air-flow introduced by particle guiding air flue 532 forms gravitation, draws
It leads fine, superfine molten metal drop and grain and enters particle spherical shape processing equipment 240, larger, heavier molten drop/
Grain is then fallen in molten metal crucible 424, is re-vaporized；Gas is specially nitrogen/argon gas.
As shown in fig. 6, the particle spherical shape processing equipment 240 includes processing chamber 641, processing heater 642, particle rotation
The entrance of device 643 and rotary accelerator 644, the processing chamber 641 is connected on vaporizing chamber 421, and outlet is connected to circulating cooling
In equipment 250, the processing heater 642 is located at around processing chamber 641, and the particle rotation device 643 is arranged in processing chamber
For driving metallic particles to rotate, there is the processing chamber 641 inner wall of 641 entrances at least one bending place, the rotation to add
Fast device 644 is arranged at the middle part or bending place of processing chamber 641.The molten drop of form irregular (such as diamond shape, zigzag)/
Grain, by heating, keeping the temperature, high speed rotation, grinding, movement make its further fragmentation form spherical.
The particle rotation device 643 includes first gas ring, has multiple air-flow inclined holes on first gas ring, is evenly distributed on
On the inner wall of the entrance of grain spherical shape processing equipment 641.That is particle rotation device 643 and particle driving air flue 531 is the same part.It is logical
Adjustment gas stream dynamic direction and flow are crossed, so that the gas of importing is rotated along the inner wall of particle spherical shape processing chamber 641, quickly moves
It is dynamic.The spin intensity and moving direction, speed of the molten metal drop and grain of the gas control melting-solidification critical condition imported as a result,
Rate further controls fragmentation, the spheroidization effect of these molten metal drop and grains.
The rotary accelerator 644 includes second gas ring, the air-flow for having multiple gradients consistent on the second gas ring
Inclined hole, air-flow inclined hole are evenly distributed on the middle part of processing chamber 641 or the inner wall of bending place, the second gas ring and first gas ring
On air-flow inclined hole gradient it is consistent.The gas of importing makes molten drop/Particle Acceleration rotation, fast moves, and makes it into one
Fragmentation, spheroidization are walked, adherency of the molten metal drop and grain on 641 inner wall of particle spherical shape processing chamber is reduced.
Particle spherical shape processing chamber 641 be a hollow, cylindrical, cavity made of heat-resisting material, inner wall smooth, no
Easily adherency molten drop/particle.
It is resistance heater or electromagnetic induction heater that particle spherical shape, which handles heater 642,.This heater is to particle spherical shape
The molten metal drop and grain moved in processing chamber 641 is heated, is kept the temperature, and so that it is maintained the critical condition of melting, solidification, is kept away
Exempt from its solidification, forming before spheroidization processing.
As shown in fig. 7, the circulation cooling device 250 includes cooling air-casing 751, cooling air flow passage 752 and cooling Jie
Matter circulatory flow 753, the cooling air flow passage 752 are located at the top of cooling air-casing 751, the cooling medium circulation runner
753 be the pipeline with cooling medium, and the pipeline includes multiple cooling medium inlet pipes being arranged alternately and cooling medium outlet pipe,
The cooling medium inlet pipe and cooling medium outlet pipe are disposed alternately at successively between the inner and outer wall of cooling air-casing 751.It uses
Inert gas (nitrogen, argon gas) is as cooling medium, by cooling air flow passage 752, to the molten metal drop and grain in air-casing into
Row is quickly cooled down, and becomes metal powder.
Cooling air-casing 751 (or cooling chamber) is hollow, cylindrical, stainless steel a cavity, is situated between full of cooling in cavity
Matter (nitrogen, argon gas) carries out cooling to molten metal drop and grain, solidifies；It is provided with hollow interlayer between the inside and outside wall of cavity.
Cooling air flow passage 752 is specially to be made of multiple straight holes and inclined hole, is evenly distributed on the top of cooling air-casing 751
Portion.The gas introduced by straight hole to molten metal drop and grain directly cool down, it is driven to fast move；And the gas that inclined hole introduces
Body avoids molten metal drop and grain in the inlet of cooling air-casing 751 to being purged around the inlet of cooling air-casing 751
Adherency and quickening are cooling, mobile.
Cooling medium circulation runner 753 uniformly, intersects (water inlet and water outlet) weldering to be made of more coil pipe/combs
It is connected in the interlayer between the inside and outside wall of cooling air-casing 751, by high-purity net circulating water of importing, in cooling air-casing 751
Wall carry out up and down, it is uniformly cooling, directly the inner wall of cooling air-casing 751 is not cooled down, cooling medium osmosis can be prevented to cooling down
In air-casing 751, lead to the uneven molding of molten metal drop and grain.Meanwhile accelerating 751 inner metal liquid drop and grain of cooling air-casing
Solidification, forming.
It is inhaled as shown in figure 8, metal powder grain-size classification equipment 260 includes sequentially connected screening filter 861 and electrostatic
Adnexa 862.Metal powder after cooling is freely fallen according to its size, weight by screening or Electrostatic Absorption, and superfine
Metal powder staticize, deposit, collect setting with air-flow importing.
As shown in figure 9, ultrafine metal powder-processed device 270 includes stainless-steel vacuum hermetically sealed can 971, and pressure gauge 972, row
Gas port 973 (valve) and fine powder discharge gate 974 (valve).Traditional screening filtering, Electrostatic Absorption are difficult to collect superfine
Powder particle by the staticizing of long period, deposition processes, make the powder of superfine using the hermetically sealed can of large volume
Grain slowly falls to the bottom of hermetically sealed can.Finally, it by fine powder discharge gate 974 (valve), collects, the gold of storage superfine
Belong to dusty material.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 10, a kind of preparation method of raffinal metal powder, includes the following steps：
Step (201) handles aluminum metal heating, liquefaction；Pure metallic aluminum is heated under vacuum, heating temperature
Degree is higher than 660.4 DEG C, and metallic aluminium is made to liquefy；
Step (202), high-temperature process make aluminum metal vaporize, and form fine molten aluminum drop and grain；To the metallic aluminium of liquid into
Continuous, the lasting high temperature of row (temperature is higher than 2467 DEG C) vaporization, forms it into aluminium fine droplets or particle.Inert gas nitrogen or argon gas
Participate in vaporescence；
Step (203), the processing of molten aluminum drop and grain spheroidization；Using high pure nitrogen or argon gas as driving, gas is guided,
Fine aluminum metal liquid drop and grain is set to enter spheroidizing of particles processing equipment.To the heating of fine aluminum metal liquid drop and grain, heat preservation, add
Hot temperature is maintained at 660.4 DEG C or so, and fine aluminum metal liquid drop and grain is made to keep melting or semi-molten state.Meanwhile using rotation
Turn air-flow (nitrogen or argon gas), drive fine aluminum metal drop/particle rotation, movement, make surface imperfection, melting or fritting
The aluminum metal liquid drop and grain melted becomes the smooth spheric granules in surface.
Step (204), molten aluminum drop and grain cooling treatment, becomes aluminum metal powder；The aluminum metal of melting or semi-molten
Liquid drop and grain solidifies out into aluminum metal powder by cooling treatment；
Step (205), the classification of aluminum metal powder size；Using screening, Electrostatic Absorption method, according to established standards, to high-purity
It spends aluminum metal powder and carries out grain-size classification；
Step (206), fine aluminum metal powder staticizes, deposition processes；Traditional screening, Electrostatic Absorption method are difficult to ultra-fine
Micro- or fine aluminum metal powder is collected, using staticize, deposition processes are to superfine or fine aluminum metal powder
It is collected, stores.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 11, a kind of preparation method of high-purity titanium metal powder, includes the following steps：
Step (301) handles titanium heating, liquefaction；Pure metallic titanium is heated under vacuum, heating temperature
Degree is higher than 1660 DEG C, and Titanium is made to liquefy；
Step (302), high-temperature process make titanium vaporize, and form fine titanium liquid drop and grain；To the Titanium of liquid into
Continuous, the lasting high temperature of row (temperature is higher than 3287 DEG C) vaporization, forms it into titanium fine droplets or particle.Inert gas nitrogen or argon gas
Participate in vaporescence；
Step (303), titanium drop/spheroidizing of particles processing；Using high pure nitrogen or argon gas as driving, gas is guided,
Fine titanium liquid drop and grain is set to enter spheroidizing of particles processing equipment.To the heating of fine titanium liquid drop and grain, heat preservation, add
Hot temperature is maintained at 1660 DEG C or so, and fine titanium liquid drop and grain is made to keep melting or semi-molten state.Meanwhile using rotation
Turn air-flow (nitrogen or argon gas), drive fine titanium drop/particle rotation, movement, make surface imperfection, melting or fritting
The titanium liquid drop and grain melted becomes the smooth spheric granules in surface.
Step (304), titanium liquid drop and grain cooling treatment, becomes titanium metal powder；To the titanium of melting or semi-molten
Belong to liquid drop and grain and carry out cooling treatment, solidifies out into titanium metal powder；
Step (305), titanium metal powder grain-size classification；Using screening, Electrostatic Absorption method, according to established standards, to high-purity
It spends titanium metal powder and carries out grain-size classification；
Step (306), fine titanium metal powder staticizes, deposition processes；Traditional screening, Electrostatic Absorption method are difficult to ultra-fine
Micro- or fine titanium metal powder is collected, using staticize, deposition processes are to superfine or fine titanium metal powder
It is collected, stores.
Embodiment 3
As shown in figure 12, a kind of preparation method of high-purity nickel metal powder, includes the following steps：
Step (401) handles nickel METAL HEATING PROCESS, liquefaction；Pure metallic nickel is heated under vacuum, heating temperature
Degree is higher than 1453 DEG C, and metallic nickel is made to liquefy；
Step (402), high-temperature process make nickel metal evaporation, form fine nickel liquid drop and grain；To the metallic nickel of liquid into
Continuous, the lasting high temperature of row (temperature is higher than 2732 DEG C) vaporization, forms it into nickel fine droplets or particle.Inert gas nitrogen or argon gas
Participate in vaporescence；
Step (403), nickel drop/spheroidizing of particles processing；Using high pure nitrogen or argon gas as driving, gas is guided,
Fine nickel molten metal drop and grain is set to enter spheroidizing of particles processing equipment.To the heating of fine nickel molten metal drop and grain, heat preservation, add
Hot temperature is maintained at 1453 DEG C or so, and fine nickel molten metal drop and grain is made to keep melting or semi-molten state.Meanwhile utilizing rotation
Turn air-flow (nitrogen or argon gas), drive fine nickel molten drop/particle rotation, movement, make surface imperfection, melting or fritting
The nickel molten metal drop and grain melted becomes the smooth spheric granules in surface.
Step (404), nickel liquid drop and grain cooling treatment, becomes nickel metal powder；To the nickel gold of melting or semi-molten
Belong to liquid drop and grain cooling treatment, solidifies out into nickel metal powder；
Step (405), nickel metal powder grain-size classification；Using screening, Electrostatic Absorption method, according to established standards, to high-purity
It spends nickel metal powder and carries out grain-size classification；
Step (406), fine nickel metal powder staticizes, deposition processes；Traditional screening, Electrostatic Absorption method are difficult to ultra-fine
Micro- or fine nickel metal powder is collected, using staticize, deposition processes are to superfine or fine nickel metal powder
It is collected, stores.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all essences in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention made by within refreshing and principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method preparing metal powder using high-temperature evaporation, spheroidization processing, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(101) source metal is heated, under vacuum condition, it is heated, make its liquefaction, keep constant temperature and carry out inertia
Gas shield；
(102) under hot environment, source metal evaporation is made to form fine metal liquid drop and grain；
(103) fine droplets/particle is subjected to spheroidization processing；
(104) by liquid drop and grain cooling treatment, metal powder is become；
(105) metal powder grain-size classification；
(106) fine metal powder staticize, deposition processes.
2. a kind of method preparing metal powder using high-temperature evaporation, spheroidization processing according to claim 1, feature
It is, the source metal is one or more kinds of metal, the alloy that described two above source metals are made of setting ratio,
It is liquefied before vaporization, forms liquid metal mixture.
3. a kind of method preparing metal powder using high-temperature evaporation, spheroidization processing according to claim 1, feature
It is, in the step (102), continuous high temperature, persistently heat treatment is directly carried out to the metal of liquid, keep liquid metal complete
Vaporization, generates fine molten metal drop and grain, swims on heating container, then under the action of driving and directed forces, makes micro-
Thin molten metal drop and grain floats rapidly into next stage processing equipment.
4. a kind of method preparing metal powder using high-temperature evaporation, spheroidization processing according to claim 1, feature
It is, in the step (103), the fine metal drop after vaporization is heated, so that it is kept melting or semi-molten state, passes through
Gas carries out rotary setting to particle, makes molten state or semi-vitreous molten metal drop and grain high speed rotation, movement, that is, uses
Gas is ground, and becomes spherical metal liquid drop and grain.
5. a kind of method preparing metal powder using high-temperature evaporation, spheroidization processing according to claim 4, feature
It is, in the step (103), imports inert gas, so that the air-flow of importing is formed thrust to molten drop/particle, drive gold
Belong to liquid drop and grain to move to the direction of setting.
6. a kind of method preparing metal powder using high-temperature evaporation, spheroidization processing according to claim 4, feature
It is, in the step (103), imports inert gas, the air-flow of importing is made to form gravitation, guiding gold to molten drop/particle
Belong to liquid drop and grain to move along the direction of setting.
7. a kind of method preparing metal powder using high-temperature evaporation, spheroidization processing according to claim 4, feature
Be, in the step (103), make high-pressure inert gas in the form of rotating with molten state or semi-vitreous molten drop/
Particle mixes, and under the rotation of the rotating gas flow, makes molten state or semi-vitreous molten metal drop and grain high speed rotation,
So that its irregular body is shunk, rotates, is ground into the smooth spherical in surface, then fast moved along the direction of air-flow.
8. a kind of method preparing metal powder using high-temperature evaporation, spheroidization processing according to claim 1, feature
It is, in the step (104), using inert gas, the molten metal drop and grain of molten state is quickly cooled down, keeps it solidifying
Admittedly becoming metal powder.
9. a kind of method preparing metal powder using high-temperature evaporation, spheroidization processing according to claim 1, feature
Be, in the step (105), metal powder is flowed with air-flow, larger particle according to its size, weight, by screening and
Electrostatic Absorption processing, falls and collects processing；And fine, superfine powder carries out the staticizing of next stage with air-flow, deposits
Processing.
10. a kind of method preparing metal powder using high-temperature evaporation, spheroidization processing according to claim 1, special
Sign is, in the step (106), fine metal powder staticizes by the long period, is slowly deposited on the bottom of hermetically sealed can,
It then collects, store.
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Application publication date: 20180824 |