CN102674353A - Method for preparing spherical wolfram carbide powder - Google Patents
Method for preparing spherical wolfram carbide powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN102674353A CN102674353A CN2012101528542A CN201210152854A CN102674353A CN 102674353 A CN102674353 A CN 102674353A CN 2012101528542 A CN2012101528542 A CN 2012101528542A CN 201210152854 A CN201210152854 A CN 201210152854A CN 102674353 A CN102674353 A CN 102674353A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing novel thermal spraying powder material, in particular to a method for preparing spherical wolfram carbide powder. The method for preparing spherical wolfram carbide powder comprises the following steps: heating casting tungsten carbide powder raw material by establishing a stable argon plasma and adjusting a plasma parameter, and cooling and solidifying the casting tungsten carbide powder raw material to obtain the wolfram carbide powder. Compared with the traditional casting tungsten carbide powder, the obtained wolfram carbide powder has better flowability, purity and surface smoothness of particles, and lower porosity of the powder size. With the method provided by the invention, the problems that the traditional casting tungsten carbide powder has poor flowability, low apparent density, poor use performance and the like because of the shapes of slices, strips, plates and the like are solved, the shapes of the particles are changed, and the pelletizing ratio is high. The performance density and the flowability of the powder are improved, the physical performance of the powder is improved, the service life of the product of the powder is prolonged, the additional value of tungsten products is increased, and the cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparation method of the high-new powder body material of a kind of thermospray, be specifically related to a kind of method for preparing the spherical tungsten carbide powder.
Background technology
In recent years; Along with science and technology development, the development of hard material is very rapid, the particularly continuous development of its utilisation technology; Like HVOF method (supersonic speed thermospray), PTA method (plasma spraying) etc.; Characteristic and use properties to hard material have proposed new requirement, and the spherical tungsten carbide powder is just being brought into play more and more important effect as a kind of important thermal spraying material in every profession and trades such as electronic information, metallurgy, machinery.
Compare with common cerioid tungsten-carbide powder, the spherical tungsten carbide powder has outstanding feature.The chemical composition stability of spherical tungsten carbide powder, hardness is high, and microstructure is thin axle dendroid, the no hypereutectic and hypoeutectic of waiting.There are not stress concentration and tiny crack during use, do not have sharp-pointed corner, have toughness and the wear resistance higher than broken powder.Simultaneously, spherical tungsten carbide pulvered structure even compact is beneficial to built-up welding and thermospray, makes coating material have very high abrasion resistance and toughness, obtains good use properties.Shortcomings such as conventional cast tungsten-carbide powder chemical ingredients is unstable, foreign matter content is high, weave construction is inhomogeneous, microhardness is low, wear no resistance have been overcome.
The research to the cast tungsten carbide powder at present both at home and abroad lays particular emphasis on two aspects: the domestic improvement that mainly concentrates on traditional processing technology, comparatively rule, weave construction are the dendritic cast tungsten carbide powder of axle such as thin to obtain shape as far as possible.Abroad studying and preparing the spherical tungsten carbide powder, mainly containing following several kinds through some special techniques:
1. centrifugal rotational method: with the tungsten powder is raw material, in disc refiner, mixes with carbon black.Then, mixture is supplied in the water jacketed copper crucible, utilize electric arc that it is melted, prepare the fused cast tungsten carbide.Be sprayed onto the liquid cast wolfram varbide in the crucible on concavity face water-cooled universal stage or the swivel pipe through nozzle; Require to press the certain speed rotation according to product granularity; Be dispersed into drop through cf-; Let drop be shrunk to spheroidal particle voluntarily then, and let cast tungsten carbide pellets freely fall water-cooled furnace chamber bottom from universal stage or swivel pipe.
2. rotary-atomizing method: tungsten, wolfram varbide, returns and carbon black are mixed with compound by the carbon content of cast tungsten carbide eutectic point, continuously push compound to the compound outlet by the water screw of spiral conveyer.The high temperature that the electric arc that utilizes electrode to produce forms more than 3000 ℃ in the working chamber melts compound in the short period of time, take place to decompose and inhale carbon geochemistry and react, and forms fused WC and W2C.Fused solution continuously drops onto under action of gravity on the circular platform of the high speed rotating that has water-cooling jacket.Rely on cf-that fused solution is dispersed into many tiny liquid pearls, tangentially to around splash, and cool off at a terrific speed and crystallization, fall into the cooling storage vault at last.This method throughput is little, and control such as temperature difficulty is bigger, and production efficiency is lower.
3. centrifugal rotation condensation method: add sticker in tungsten powder behind the ball milling and the carbon black mixt (massfraction of carbon is 3.5～4.2%); Be pressed into square cross section that the length of side is 10～30mm or the circular cross section of diameter 40～70mm, the long strip shape of the about 600mm of length; In suitable stove in 1500～2000 ℃ of following pre-burnings, in nitrogen protection electric arc, electric power is that 45kW, fusion current are that 500A, temperature are greater than fusion under 2700 ℃ the condition.Fused cast tungsten carbide drips of solution is fallen on universal stage or the rotating disk, under centrifugal action, is separated into drop and rapid condensation globulate particle, and spheroidal particle draws off it through a securing device.This technical process is long, yields poorly, and production efficiency is lower.
4. respond to or resistive heating nodularization method: it is raw material that induction heating or resistive heating spheronization techniques adopt the routine casting wolfram varbide; On ultrahigh-temperature nodularization equipment, realize high temperature melting and rapid condensation nodularization; Through controlled temperature, raw material granularity, size composition, feeding coal, feed-type and screening etc., prepare many grades spherical cast tungsten carbide powder.Whole process of preparation all needs under protection of inert gas, to carry out.The decentralised control difficulty of cast tungsten carbide is big under the ultrahigh-temperature, and technical process is long, and production efficiency is lower.
5. gas atomization: with tungsten powder and tungsten carbide powder is raw material, requires to carry out batch mixes according to certain carbon amount; Then through briquetting; Add in the high melt gas atomization stove by certain speed, through after nearly 3000 ℃ high temperature melting, liquation gets into the high temperature range of atomization; Under the powerful shock action of the high pressure of gas; Form tiny drop, drop gets into the cooling zone, relies on its surface tension to be cooled to the spherical tungsten carbide powder fast.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for preparing the spherical tungsten carbide powder with low cost, that the nodularization rate is high.
Solving the technical scheme that its technical problem adopts is: the method for preparing the spherical tungsten carbide powder may further comprise the steps:
(1) sets up the argon plasma torch of steady running;
(2) the high-temperature zone heating that gas injects casting tungsten carbide powder argon plasma torch core is carried in utilization;
(3)) will heat the tungsten-carbide powder particle drop cooling curing formation spherical tungsten carbide powder that the back forms;
(4) gas is detached, collect the spherical tungsten carbide powder;
Wherein, Set up the argon plasma torch of operation, comprise and set up the argon plasma torch, the pressure of the main working gas argon gas that need this moment is 0.5MPa ~ 0.8MPa; The pressure of back work gas hydrogen is 0.5MPa ~ 0.8MPa, and the power that loads on the ruhmkorff coil is 20KW ~ 50KW; The pressure of the main working gas argon gas the during steady running of argon plasma torch is 0.5MPa ~ 0.6MPa, and the pressure of back work gas hydrogen is 0.5MPa ~ 0.6MPa, the absolute value 110mm mercury column ~ 230mm mercury column of system's negative pressure.The median size of the casting tungsten carbide powder that is added in the step (2) is 20 ~ 125 μ m, and the pressure that carries gas is 0.6MPa ~ 0.8MPa, and the flow that carries gas is 400 ~ 800L/h, and casting tungsten carbide powder feed control flow is 35g/min ~ 55g/min.Carrying gas is nitrogen.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the process flow sheet of preparation spherical tungsten carbide powder.
Fig. 2 is Electronic Speculum figure after the 50 μ m tungsten-carbide powder nodularizations.
Fig. 3 is Electronic Speculum figure after the 70 μ m tungsten-carbide powder nodularizations.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and enforcement the present invention is done further explain.
A kind of method for preparing the spherical tungsten carbide powder, undertaken by following steps in sequence:
1. set up the argon plasma torch of steady running: continue main working gas argon gas stream to plasma reactor input 0.5MPa, 0.6MPa or 0.8MPa; Back work gas hydrogen input pressure is 0.5MPa, 0.6 MPa or 0.8MPa; Ruhmkorff coil is loaded on certain power, and power can be 20 KW, 30 KW or 50 KW, lighter for ignition discharge simultaneously; Coil inductively coupled and the lighter for ignition corona triggering of hi-line makes argon gas ionization produce the argon plasma torch.Make this moment to keep negative pressure state in the whole plasma reactor, can guarantee plasma torch steady running.
2. utilize nitrogen cast tungsten carbide powder (former powder) to be injected the core high-temperature zone heating of argon plasma torch.Finish with gas powder stream " flying away from " plasma torch heat-up time, and the time length is merely 140 milliseconds ~ 170 milliseconds.The cast tungsten carbide powder is admitted to the core high-temperature zone of plasma torch, absorbs great amount of heat, and particle surface begins fusing, when 50% (at least) of particle weight when being melted, because capillary effect forms the very high tungsten-carbide powder particle of sphericity.
3. the tungsten-carbide powder particle drop cooling curing behind the heating and melting is formed the spherical tungsten carbide powder.Under radiation, convection current, conduction and four kinds of heating of chemistry machining function, melted by rapid heating.When particles fuse during at least 50% (calculating by weight), the fused particle forms the very high drop of sphericity under capillary effect, and in high thermograde (10
-6K/m) cooling rapidly down, the quenching of entering heat exchange chamber are solidified, thereby are formed the spheric particle.This nodularization process is suitable as long as processing parameter is provided with, and can reach 100% the nodularization rate that is close to.
4. gas is detached, collect the spherical tungsten carbide powder.The nodularization process detaches, handles discharging with gas after accomplishing, and the nodularization powder gets into collects storage tank, and automatic gauge is collected.
Most important in the whole spheronization process is to regulate and be provided with the argon plasma parameter.The tiny difference of raw material powder characteristic, different such as the granularity of powder granule, its processing parameter has very big difference.Shielding gas nitrogen is to be used to retrain powder escape to the diffusion of plasma torch edge cold zone, so the particle diameter of powder is more little, needs to carry bigger shielding gas nitrogen amount.
Embodiment 1: the median size of raw material casting tungsten carbide powder is 50 μ m, and the power input of argon plasma is 30kW in the nodularization process, and system's negative pressure keeps the 130mm mercury column.Plasma body master working gas argon gas and assist gas hydrogen pressure are 0.5MPa.Carrying the gas nitrogen gas pressure is 0.6MPa, and the flow that carries gas is 600L/h, and the tungsten carbide powder feed rate is 40g/min.
Embodiment 2: the median size of raw material casting tungsten carbide powder is 70 μ m, and the power input of argon plasma is 35kW in the nodularization process, and system's negative pressure keeps the 180mm mercury column.Plasma body master working gas argon gas and assist gas hydrogen pressure are 0.6MPa.Carrying the gas nitrogen gas pressure is 0.75MPa, and the flow that carries gas is 700L/h, and the tungsten carbide powder feed rate is 35g/min).
More than show and described ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technology of the industry should be understood; The present invention does not receive the present of the foregoing description; That describes in the foregoing description and the specification sheets just explains principle of the present invention; Under the prerequisite that does not break away from spirit and scope of the invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these variations and improvement all fall in the scope of the invention that requires protection.
Claims (2)
1. method for preparing the spherical tungsten carbide powder is characterized in that this method may further comprise the steps:
(1) sets up the argon plasma torch of steady running;
(2) the high-temperature zone heating that gas injects casting tungsten carbide powder argon plasma torch core is carried in utilization;
(3)) will heat the tungsten-carbide powder particle drop cooling curing formation spherical tungsten carbide powder that the back forms;
(4) gas is detached, collect the spherical tungsten carbide powder;
Wherein, The argon plasma torch of said foundation operation comprises and sets up the argon plasma torch that the pressure of the main working gas argon gas that need this moment is 0.5MPa ~ 0.8MPa; The pressure of back work gas hydrogen is 0.5MPa ~ 0.8MPa, and the power that loads on the ruhmkorff coil is 20KW ~ 50KW; The pressure of the main working gas argon gas during described argon plasma torch steady running is 0.5MPa ~ 0.6MPa, and the pressure of back work gas hydrogen is 0.5MPa ~ 0.6MPa, the absolute value 110mm mercury column ~ 230mm mercury column of system's negative pressure; The median size of the casting tungsten carbide powder that is added in the step (2) is 20 ~ 125 μ m, and the pressure that carries gas is 0.6MPa ~ 0.8MPa, and the flow that carries gas is 400 ~ 800L/h, and casting tungsten carbide powder feed control flow is 35g/min ~ 55g/min.
2. a kind of method for preparing the spherical tungsten carbide powder according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the said gas that carries is nitrogen.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103386492A (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2013-11-13 | 江西悦安超细金属有限公司 | Preparation method for superfine spherical stainless steel powder |
| CN104227006A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-12-24 | 苏州智研新材料科技有限公司 | Method for preparing fine spherical stainless steel powder |
| CN107364865A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-11-21 | 龙岩紫荆创新研究院 | A kind of method for preparing micron order increasing material manufacturing spherical carbide titanium powder |
| CN108059164A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2018-05-22 | 龙岩紫荆创新研究院 | Spherical TiC powder prepared by the plasma preparation method and this method of a kind of spherical shape TiC powder |
| CN108516841A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-11 | 龙岩学院 | A kind of preparation method of WC-TiC spherical powders |
| CN111422874A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-07-17 | 上海海事大学 | Method for producing spherical titanium carbide powder by one-step method |
| CN114149263A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-03-08 | 广东省科学院新材料研究所 | Spherical casting tungsten carbide powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN114570924A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-06-03 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Binder, 5-15 micron tungsten carbide powder and preparation method thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101391307A (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2009-03-25 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Preparation method of fine globular tungsten powder |
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2012
- 2012-05-17 CN CN2012101528542A patent/CN102674353A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101391307A (en) * | 2008-11-20 | 2009-03-25 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Preparation method of fine globular tungsten powder |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103386492A (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2013-11-13 | 江西悦安超细金属有限公司 | Preparation method for superfine spherical stainless steel powder |
| CN104227006A (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2014-12-24 | 苏州智研新材料科技有限公司 | Method for preparing fine spherical stainless steel powder |
| CN108059164A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2018-05-22 | 龙岩紫荆创新研究院 | Spherical TiC powder prepared by the plasma preparation method and this method of a kind of spherical shape TiC powder |
| CN107364865A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-11-21 | 龙岩紫荆创新研究院 | A kind of method for preparing micron order increasing material manufacturing spherical carbide titanium powder |
| CN108516841A (en) * | 2018-04-02 | 2018-09-11 | 龙岩学院 | A kind of preparation method of WC-TiC spherical powders |
| CN111422874A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-07-17 | 上海海事大学 | Method for producing spherical titanium carbide powder by one-step method |
| CN114149263A (en) * | 2021-11-02 | 2022-03-08 | 广东省科学院新材料研究所 | Spherical casting tungsten carbide powder and preparation method thereof |
| CN114570924A (en) * | 2022-04-29 | 2022-06-03 | 矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Binder, 5-15 micron tungsten carbide powder and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20120919 |