CN108432598A - A kind of camellia azalea cultivation matrix - Google Patents
A kind of camellia azalea cultivation matrix Download PDFInfo
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- CN108432598A CN108432598A CN201810145232.4A CN201810145232A CN108432598A CN 108432598 A CN108432598 A CN 108432598A CN 201810145232 A CN201810145232 A CN 201810145232A CN 108432598 A CN108432598 A CN 108432598A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/23—Wood, e.g. wood chips or sawdust
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
- A01G24/12—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material containing soil minerals
- A01G24/15—Calcined rock, e.g. perlite, vermiculite or clay aggregates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/22—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing plant material
- A01G24/25—Dry fruit hulls or husks, e.g. chaff or coir
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of camellia azalea cultivation matrixes, the ingredient and proportioning of plant substrates are 50% decomposed sawdust, 20% bog moss, 20% coconut palm chaff and 10% ventilative auxiliary material, ventilative auxiliary material is the mixture of perlite and thick river sand, and the ingredient ratio of perlite and thick river sand is 1:1.A kind of camellia azalea cultivation matrix of the present invention has good moisture holding capacity and gas permeability, and PH is moderate and is rich in various trace elements, substantially promotes the growth of camellia azalea grafting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of camellia azalea cultivation matrixes.
Background technology
Camellia azalea Camellia azalea also known as Zhang Shi Camellias are Theaceae Camellia evergreen dungarunga.Du
Cuckoo Red Hill camellia is gorgeous intensive, and leaf light is dark green, and tree crown is compact, and plant shape is graceful.The four seasons can all bloom, and full-bloom stage is summer and autumn
In season, still there is that the flowers are in blossom a winter, this character has filled up the blank that camellia species summer and winter do not bloom.Therefore, cuckoo Red Hill
Tea can not only be used for ornamental flower treasure, and be the good material of cut-flower.Its florescence is long, leaf peculiar, therefore to cultivate new varieties most
Good parent.The Distribution Area of camellia azalea is extremely narrow, is investigated according to relevant expert, up to the present, only in Guangdong Province Yangchun City goose
There is small area on phoenix screen-like mountain peak within the border in Provincial Nature Reserve, in fragmentary distribution.In addition, being influenced by natural environment and climate, cuckoo
The quantity of Camellia just gradually decreases, and is in state in imminent danger, is the rare plant for being listed in national I grades of protection.
The main breeding practice of current camellia azalea is grafting, and the growth of grafting be unable to do without good plant base
Matter, the matrix moisture holding capacity and poor air permeability of existing camellia azalea, PH are not suitable for growth, and trace element is single or part lacks
It is few, cause camellia azalea grafting slow-growing.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of camellia azalea cultivation matrixes.
The present invention above-mentioned technical purpose technical scheme is that:
A kind of plant substrates that can improve camellia azalea cuttage survival rate, it is characterised in that:The plant substrates at
Divide and proportioning is 50% decomposed sawdust, 20% bog moss, 20% coconut palm chaff and 10% ventilative auxiliary material.
Preferably, the ventilative auxiliary material is the mixture of perlite and thick river sand.
Preferably, the perlite and the ingredient ratio of thick river sand are 1:1.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
A kind of camellia azalea cultivation matrix of the present invention has good moisture holding capacity and gas permeability, and PH is moderate and is rich in
Various trace elements substantially promote the growth of camellia azalea grafting.
Specific implementation mode
Invention is further described in detail below.
A kind of camellia azalea cultivation matrix, test method include the following steps:
1, planting site selects:
Experimental field it is located at 23 ° of 06 ' N, 113 ° of 00 ' E, haugh, the maritime monsoon climate of south subtropics, year-round average temperature
22 °, annual precipitation 2383mm.
2, grafting is chosen:
Container for plant growth is plastic nutritional bag, and specification is bag diameter 25cm, and the high 21cm of bag, every bag is planted 1 plant.It prepares artificial
7 kinds of cultivation medium, in addition control totally 8 processing, the ingredient and proportioning of each cultivation matrix are shown in Table 1.
The different matrix formulations processing of table 1
Table1 Treatments of different matrix formulation
Use the size of triennial, highly consistent red dew treasure for stock, stock is planted in each cultivation matrix survive after,
Camellia azalea grafting is carried out in sustained height cutting strunk.Each 15 basin of matrix treatments, is positioned in open booth, and summer is with thoroughly
The shading net of light rate 50% shades.During experiment, all nursery stocks of participating in the experiment use unified pipe irrigation project.Test period is current year
September after September to 2 years, minute are 8~September after 2 years.
3, growth indexes measure:
Graft bud grow 2 years after, with ruler and vernier caliper measure the camellia azalea plant of each matrix treatments ground diameter,
Plant height, while measuring Plant Leaf the piece number.The equal replication of all indexs 3 times, result is indicated with average value ± standard error.
4 measuring chlorophyll contents:
Choosing carries out measuring chlorophyll content per the 6th~7 leaf under the leaf of first, young plant top.Chlorophyll content uses day
SPAD-502 chlorophyll meters are produced to measure.Each processing is repeated 3 times.
5, result and analysis:
(1) the physicochemical character analysis of different substrates:
The physicochemical character of different substrates is shown in Table 2, it is seen that the unit weight of CK is maximum, is 1.43g/cm3, and the unit weight of S1 is minimum
0.18g/cm3.The unit weight of the volume to weight ratio single-matrix (S1, S2, S3, S4) of the unit weight (S5, S6, S7) of mixed-matrix is big.It says
Bright mixed-matrix, that is, the unit weight of matrix can be varied or adjusted by adjusting different substrates ingredient and proportioning, and matrix is made to reach suitable plant
The needs of object growth.Plant unit weight be 0.1~0.8g/cm3 matrix on can normal growth it is good.The unit weight of S1~S7 compared with
It is low, it can increase the aeration of matrix in the course of cultivation.The total porosity of ideal matrix is 70%~90%.Measurement result table
Bright, the total porosity of S1 is maximum, is 30.5%, other matrix are 60%~80% up to the minimum of 81.3%, CK.Total hole
Porosity reflects the void condition of matrix, and total porosity is big, and the amount for accommodating air and water is also bigger, to be conducive to root system life
It is long, but the effect for being anchored plant is poor;Conversely, the amount for accommodating air and water becomes smaller, it is unfavorable for the stretching, extension of root system.
The physicochemical character of 2 different substrates formula of table is analyzed
Table2 Physical and chemical properties of matrices with different
formulations
The C/N of CK is secondly S4 than relatively low, and other cultivation matrixes 35% or so, have higher stability.
The humus content highest of S4 is that the humus content of 57.8%, CK is minimum, only 2.2%, other cultivation matrixes are all 30%
~55%, therefore in addition to CK, various other cultivation matrixes can bring certain organic matter nutrition to camellia azalea, and comparing has
Conducive to the growth of camellia azalea.
Maximum water-holding capacity S2 is up to 80.5%, is secondly S5, and CK is minimum, and only 28.4%, illustrate compared with the control,
Its cultivation matrix both increases the maximum water-holding capacity of cultivation matrix.The maximum water-holding capacity for studying matrix, is conducive to make full use of base
The moisture holding capacity of matter, using water wisely reduce production cost.
PH value measurement result shows that the pH value highest of S4 is that the pH value of 6.9, CK is minimum, is 6.0, other cultivation matrixes
PH value between 6.4~6.8, meet the needs of plant growth.A large amount of original needed for plant growth is released effectively
It is maximum when with pH value being 6.5, selects the acid-base value for being considered as different ratio when matrix, therefore the selection of appropriate substrate is with pH value
6.5 or so are advisable.The result shows that the pH value of CK and other cultivation matrixes differ greatly, and slant acidity, the pH value partial neutral of S4.
The full N content highest of S3, be 1.8%, followed by S2, be 1.6%, CK it is minimum, only 0.07%, other cultivations
Matrix all 1.5% or so, can provide effective N for camellia azalea.The full P content highest of S3 is 1.7%, followed by
The full P content of S3, CK are minimum, are 0.1%, the full P content of other cultivation matrixes is all 1% or so;The full K contents of S4 are up to
2.0%, CK's is minimum, is 0.4%, the full K contents of other cultivation matrixes are 1.5% or so;The micro- highest of S5 is
0.09%, CK's is minimum, and only 0.01%.In summary each constituent content mensure analysis, the full N of CK, full P, full K and micro
Constituent content is all minimum in cultivation matrix, N, P, K and micronutrient levels necessary to plant growth in other cultivation matrixes
All compared with horn of plenty, these are all conducive to the growth of camellia azalea.
(2) influence of the different substrates to camellia azalea growth indexes:
Matrix is the carrier of container seedling growth, and ingredient and proportioning will have a direct impact on the growth conditions of nursery stock.Table 3 is aobvious
Show, different cultivation matrixes has pole to significantly affect the growth of camellia azalea.The result shows that ground diameter, height of seedling, blade amt,
The indexs such as Chlorophyll content, are examined through F values, and difference reaches extremely significant level.Ground diameter comparison result is S6 > S7 > S5
> S3 > CK > S1 > S4 > S2, compared with CK, the ground diameter of S6, S7, S5, S3 increases separately 28.57%, 24.60%,
18.25%, 1.59%, the ground diameter of S1, S4, S2 reduce 3.97%, 8.73%, 14.29% respectively.Multiple range test shows, S1,
The difference of S2, S3, S4, S5 and CK is not notable, the significant difference of S6, S7 and CK (F values are respectively 0.014,0.030).
Influence of 3 different substrates of table to camellia azalea growth indexes
Table3 Influences of different cultivation medium on growth of
Camelia azalea
Data are average ± standard error, indicate different letter persons with column data is all, then it represents that F < 0.05 are horizontal it is poor
It is different notable.
From the point of view of average height of seedling, the sequence on 8 kinds of different cultivation matrixes is S6 > S7 > S5 > S1 > CK > S3 > S2 >
S4, compared with CK, the height of seedling of S6, S7, S5, S1 increase separately 71.12%, 50.25%, 35.28%, 12.18%, S3, S2, S4
Height of seedling reduce 1.27%, 7.25%, 21.50% respectively.Multiple range test shows, the difference of S5, S6, S7 and CK extremely notable (F values
Respectively 0.002,0.000,0.000), the difference of S1, S2, S3, S4 and CK is not notable.
From the point of view of table 3, the sequence S6 > S7 > S5 > S1 > S2 > S3 > CK of 8 kinds of different lower numbers of blade of cultivation matrix effect
> S4, compared with CK, the number of blade of S6, S7, S5, S1, S2, S3 increases separately 107.08%, 105.31%, 76.11%,
23.01%, 15.04%, the number of blade on 12.39%, S4 reduces 0.89%.The results of analysis of variance is shown, on S1, S2, S3, S4
The number of blade and CK difference it is not notable, the difference of the number of blade and CK on S5, S6, S7 extremely significantly (F values are all 0.000).
It is shown from table 3, the sequence of 8 kinds of different lower Chlorophyll contents of cultivation matrix effect is S6>S7>S5>S1>CK>S2>
S3>S4.Compared with CK, the Chlorophyll content on S6, S7, S5, S1 increases separately 34.02%, 33.68%, 33.35%,
19.67%, the Chlorophyll content on S2, S3, S4 reduces 1.69%, 3.69%, 14.48% respectively.The results of analysis of variance is aobvious
Show, the difference of Chlorophyll content and CK on S2, S3 is not notable, the Chlorophyll content and CK on S1, S4, S5, S6, S7
Difference is extremely significantly (F values are respectively 0.001,0.008,0.000,0.000,0.000).
6, conclusion:
The growth of container seedling and the selection of matrix are closely related, high-quality matrix be normal plants key factor it
One.The unit weight of matrix, total porosity, pH value, organic matter, humic acid, various nutrients content etc. be important reason
Change character, directly influences the effect of plant culture, but there is presently no the standardization characters for proposing chief crop cultivation matrix
Parameter.The unit weight of ideal cultivation matrix is 0.1~0.8g/cm3, and total porosity is between 70%~90%, good air permeability, property
Matter is stablized, and pH value is suitable with 6.5.From the point of view of measurement result, the physicochemical character of CK not fully meets these requirements, other
Cultivation matrix can then meet these conditions.
The buffer capacity of single-matrix is different, and the pH value of matrix then can be effectively adjusted by rational proportion, can be to acid
Alkali plays certain buffer capacity.From the point of view of test result, composite interstitial substance (S5, S6, S7) plays the role of adjusting pH, increasing
Add the aeration of cultivation matrix, different ratio can carry out cultivation matrix the correction on physics and chemical property, make its water-holding capacity,
PH value reaches ideal state.The suitability of evaluation cultivation matrix will not only consider the material attribute of matrix itself, while examine
Consider the variation characteristic of each attribute when practical application.This studies have shown that mixed-matrix (S5, S6, S7) have higher N, P, K and
Trace element can not add during cultivating camellia azalea or add the fertilizer of these elements less with cost-effective.It grinds
Study carefully display, in 8 kinds of different cultivation matrixes, the ground diameter of the camellia azalea under the effect of S5, S6, S7 matrix, height of seedling, the number of blade,
Chlorophyll content is above CK, and with compare between significant difference, size shows as S6>S7>S5.Show S6, S7,
S5 is conducive to the growth of camellia azalea.
In conclusion S5 (+5% thick river sand of+5% perlite of+40% bog moss of 50% coconut palm chaff), S6 (50% decomposed sawdust+
+ 5% thick river sand of+5% perlite of+20% coconut palm chaff of 20% bog moss), S7 (+20% vermiculites+10% of+20% perlite of 50% coconut palm chaff
Thick river sand) mixed-matrix proportioning has suitable unit weight, total porosity, a maximum water-holding capacity, chemical property is stablized, the content of organic matter compared with
Height, N, P, K and micronutrient levels necessary to plant growth are abundant, and nutrient supply is relatively good, are capable of slowly releasing for long period
It puts in a suitable place to breed point, pH value can significantly increase ground diameter, height of seedling, the number of blade and the chlorophyll content of camellia azalea 6.5 or so,
Absorption and growth of the camellia azalea to nutrient are effectively facilitated, is that ideal proportioning combines, it is proposed that promote and answer in production
With.
This specific embodiment is only explanation of the invention, is not limitation of the present invention, people in the art
Member can as needed make the present embodiment the modification of not creative contribution after reading this specification, but as long as at this
It is all protected by Patent Law in the right of invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of camellia azalea cultivation matrix, it is characterised in that:The ingredients of the plant substrates and proportioning for 50% it is decomposed
Sawdust, 20% bog moss, 20% coconut palm chaff and 10% ventilative auxiliary material.
2. a kind of camellia azalea cultivation matrix according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The ventilative auxiliary material is pearl
The mixture of rock and thick river sand.
3. a kind of camellia azalea cultivation matrix according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The perlite and thick river sand
Ingredient ratio be 1:1.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111226745A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-05 | 株式会社真果乐 | Bed soil composition easy to root and used for flowers and preparation method thereof |
CN111436345A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-07-24 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Cultivation method of tree-shaped alpine rhododendron |
CN115039662A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-13 | 贵州师范大学 | Culture substrate for alpine rhododendron and preparation method and application thereof |
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CN103222400A (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2013-07-31 | 广州市园林科学研究所 | Zhang's scarlet camellia culture medium and preparation method thereof |
CN106008054A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-10-12 | 浙江森禾种业股份有限公司 | Special culture medium for Camellia longicaudata container seedlings |
CN107173204A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-19 | 佛山市幻实科技有限公司 | Theaceae spends class culture medium |
CN107353057A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-11-17 | 防城港市林木良种繁育中心苗圃 | Four seasons Camellia cuttage seedling medium and preparation method thereof |
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CN102090247A (en) * | 2010-10-28 | 2011-06-15 | 棕榈园林股份有限公司 | Rapid propagation method of unifying graft and cuttage of camellia |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN111226745A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-06-05 | 株式会社真果乐 | Bed soil composition easy to root and used for flowers and preparation method thereof |
CN111436345A (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2020-07-24 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Cultivation method of tree-shaped alpine rhododendron |
CN111436345B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2022-02-01 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Cultivation method of tree-shaped alpine rhododendron |
CN115039662A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-09-13 | 贵州师范大学 | Culture substrate for alpine rhododendron and preparation method and application thereof |
CN115039662B (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2023-09-22 | 贵州师范大学 | Cultivation medium for alpine azalea, and preparation method and application thereof |
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