CN108432544B - Cultivation method of ramulus mori black fungus - Google Patents
Cultivation method of ramulus mori black fungus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108432544B CN108432544B CN201810095890.7A CN201810095890A CN108432544B CN 108432544 B CN108432544 B CN 108432544B CN 201810095890 A CN201810095890 A CN 201810095890A CN 108432544 B CN108432544 B CN 108432544B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- parts
- culture
- extract
- culture medium
- fungus
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims description 94
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 244000288157 Passiflora edulis Species 0.000 claims description 24
- 235000000370 Passiflora edulis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 16
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 16
- 240000006439 Aspergillus oryzae Species 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000002247 Aspergillus oryzae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 240000001008 Dimocarpus longan Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000000235 Euphoria longan Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000183278 Nephelium litchi Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002374 bone meal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940036811 bone meal Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940072117 fennel extract Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 241001334574 Erythromyces Species 0.000 claims description 10
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000046617 Aristolochia debilis Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000004281 Eucalyptus maculata Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940069521 aloe extract Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000189548 Chrysanthemum x morifolium Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000015742 Nephelium litchi Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- AFHJQYHRLPMKHU-XXWVOBANSA-N Aloin Natural products O=C1c2c(O)cc(CO)cc2[C@H]([C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)c2c1c(O)ccc2 AFHJQYHRLPMKHU-XXWVOBANSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 claims description 6
- AFHJQYHRLPMKHU-OSYMLPPYSA-N aloin A Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1[C@@H]1C2=CC(CO)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C(O)C=CC=C21 AFHJQYHRLPMKHU-OSYMLPPYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- AFHJQYHRLPMKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobarbaloin Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1C1C2=CC(CO)=CC(O)=C2C(=O)C2=C(O)C=CC=C21 AFHJQYHRLPMKHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000609240 Ambelania acida Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000008086 Echinocereus enneacanthus Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010837 Echinocereus enneacanthus subsp brevispinus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000006850 Echinocereus enneacanthus var dubius Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000006002 Pepper Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000016761 Piper aduncum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000003889 Piper guineense Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010905 bagasse Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940041514 candida albicans extract Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012138 yeast extract Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 244000179970 Monarda didyma Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010672 Monarda didyma Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 abstract description 11
- 241000257303 Hymenoptera Species 0.000 abstract description 7
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 abstract description 4
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 20
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241001122767 Theaceae Species 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YKPUWZUDDOIDPM-SOFGYWHQSA-N capsaicin Chemical compound COC1=CC(CNC(=O)CCCC\C=C\C(C)C)=CC=C1O YKPUWZUDDOIDPM-SOFGYWHQSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000526900 Camellia oleifera Species 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JPYHHZQJCSQRJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phloroglucinol Natural products CCC=CCC=CCC=CCC=CCCCCC(=O)C1=C(O)C=C(O)C=C1O JPYHHZQJCSQRJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QCDYQQDYXPDABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phloroglucinol Chemical compound OC1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1 QCDYQQDYXPDABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229960001553 phloroglucinol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 240000008574 Capsicum frutescens Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000035851 Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000008495 Chrysanthemum leucanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229960002504 capsaicin Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000017663 capsaicin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229940007062 eucalyptus extract Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241001116389 Aloe Species 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YXVXMURDCBMPRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lirinidine Natural products C1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C(O)C(OC)=CC3=C2C1N(C)CC3 YXVXMURDCBMPRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ORJVQPIHKOARKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nuciferine Natural products C1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C(OC)C(OC)=CC3=C2C1N(C)CC3 ORJVQPIHKOARKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001092459 Rubus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000872198 Serjania polyphylla Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000284012 Vetiveria zizanioides Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007769 Vetiveria zizanioides Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011399 aloe vera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001390 capsicum minimum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002215 flavonoids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 235000017173 flavonoids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- ORJVQPIHKOARKV-OAHLLOKOSA-N nuciferine Chemical compound C1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=C(OC)C(OC)=CC3=C2[C@@H]1N(C)CC3 ORJVQPIHKOARKV-OAHLLOKOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZENOXNGFMSCLLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanillyl alcohol Chemical compound COC1=CC(CO)=CC=C1O ZENOXNGFMSCLLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NFLGAXVYCFJBMK-BDAKNGLRSA-N (-)-menthone Chemical compound CC(C)[C@@H]1CC[C@@H](C)CC1=O NFLGAXVYCFJBMK-BDAKNGLRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IECBDTGWSQNQID-JGVFFNPUSA-N (1r,5s)-4,6,6-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.1]hept-3-en-7-one Chemical compound CC1=CC[C@@H]2C(C)(C)[C@H]1C2=O IECBDTGWSQNQID-JGVFFNPUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VCWMRQDBPZKXKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2S)-O1-alpha-D-Galactopyranosyl-myo-inosit Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C1O VCWMRQDBPZKXKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000221377 Auricularia Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000028550 Auricularia auricula Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000000023 Auricularia auricula Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001092371 Bergenia Species 0.000 description 1
- IECBDTGWSQNQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chrysanthenon Natural products CC1=CCC2C(C)(C)C1C2=O IECBDTGWSQNQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IECBDTGWSQNQID-SFYZADRCSA-N Chrysanthenone Natural products CC1=CC[C@H]2C(C)(C)[C@@H]1C2=O IECBDTGWSQNQID-SFYZADRCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000006927 Foeniculum vulgare Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004204 Foeniculum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000032843 Hemorrhage Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010020772 Hypertension Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000218231 Moraceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001671301 Morus nigra Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000124853 Perilla frutescens Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004348 Perilla frutescens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NGFMICBWJRZIBI-JZRPKSSGSA-N Salicin Natural products O([C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O1)c1c(CO)cccc1 NGFMICBWJRZIBI-JZRPKSSGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940006091 aloe polysaccharide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NGFMICBWJRZIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-salicin Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1=CC=CC=C1CO NGFMICBWJRZIBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001093 anti-cancer Effects 0.000 description 1
- BBFQZRXNYIEMAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N aristolochic acid I Chemical compound C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C(C(O)=O)C=C3OCOC3=C2C2=C1C(OC)=CC=C2 BBFQZRXNYIEMAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000658 coextraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- KZSXJTYOPKQNLT-BCKMTSFNSA-N glucinol Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](OC)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O KZSXJTYOPKQNLT-BCKMTSFNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182478 glucoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000008131 glucosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930182470 glycoside Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002338 glycosides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021190 leftovers Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NGFMICBWJRZIBI-UJPOAAIJSA-N salicin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=CC=CC=C1CO NGFMICBWJRZIBI-UJPOAAIJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940120668 salicin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000000582 semen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/10—Apiaceae or Umbelliferae [Carrot family], e.g. parsley, caraway, dill, lovage, fennel or snakebed
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/28—Myrtaceae [Myrtle family], e.g. teatree or clove
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/38—Solanaceae [Potato family], e.g. nightshade, tomato, tobacco or chilli pepper
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/42—Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus planting, in particular to a cultivation method of ramulus mori black fungus, the black fungus of the invention is cultivated based on ramulus mori as a culture material, a large amount of vitamins, proteins and hemicellulose substances are released after the ramulus mori in the culture material is fermented, the white fungus can be well and rapidly absorbed by the black fungus, the cultivation time of the black fungus is shortened, the quality of the black fungus is improved, and simultaneously, in the process of culturing the black fungus, the culture material uses the fermented mulberry twigs, so the fermented fragrance of the fermented mulberry twigs can attract the insects and the ants, in order to effectively kill the insects and the ants, the inventor utilizes the traditional Chinese medicine liquid I and the traditional Chinese medicine liquid II to expel the insects, can effectively kill harmful bacteria, and ensures that the fungus sticks of the black fungus are not corroded by the insects and the ants and the germs.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus planting, in particular to a cultivation method of ramulus mori black fungus.
[ background of the invention ]
The black fungus, the Auricularia auricula, the Auricularia aurlcula and the like are unique famous and special edible fungus varieties in the local area of Guangxi. Because the meat is crisp, tender and tasty and rich in nutrition, the meat is praised as 'meat in vegetable'. In addition, the black fungus has high medicinal value, and polysaccharide substances contained in the black fungus have anticancer and therapeutic effects on hypertension, eyeground hemorrhage, etc. Therefore, the fungus is popular in the market as a rare edible fungus variety for both food and medicine, and byproducts and leftovers of industry, agriculture and forestry can be used as cultivation raw materials in production. With the rapid development of the edible fungus industry in recent years, the raw materials of the culture medium are increasingly tense, and the development of the black fungus production is severely restricted by the mode of cultivating by taking the mixed wood chips as the main material. Therefore, research and development of alternative culture materials are imperative in consideration of local conditions. Under the influence of the national policy of east mulberry West shift, a large number of mulberries are planted in the river pond city, mulberry branches contain a large amount of lignin and protein and are good raw materials for producing the black fungus, but the protein in the mulberry branches cannot be effectively utilized by edible fungi, and in the process of preparing the culture material by utilizing the mulberry branches, the mulberry branches are fragrant in taste and can easily attract insects and ants to bite, so that the culture material is corroded, and the quality of the black fungus is influenced. .
[ summary of the invention ]
In view of the above, there is a need for a cultivation method of black fungus, which can effectively improve the yield of black fungus, the quality of black fungus and the disease resistance of the culture material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a cultivation method of ramulus mori black fungus comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a culture material: drying the compost, mixing and crushing the compost, screening the compost by a 100-150-mesh screen, adding water to ensure that the water content of the compost is 10-15%, constructing the compost into a stock pile, and carrying out stack retting fermentation, wherein the pile length is 4-5 m, the pile width is 1-1.5 m, the height is 80-100 cm, the slope is 30-45 degrees, 2-4 vent holes are punched in the stock pile, the height of the vent holes is 20-30 cm, the diameter is 5-7 cm, the relative humidity of the stock pile is kept to be 10-15%, when the central temperature of the stock pile reaches 40 ℃, turning the stock pile, wherein the total fermentation time is 48-72 h, and after the fermentation is finished, adjusting the pH value of the stock pile to be 7.0-8.0; after fermentation, distilled water is used for adjusting the water content of the material pile to 50-60%;
(2) and (3) sterilization: sterilizing the culture material prepared in the step (1) at normal pressure, wherein the sterilization temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the sterilization time is 12-14 h;
(3) inoculation: placing the sterilized fungus material in the step (1) into a sterile room for natural cooling, starting inoculation when the temperature of a culture medium is cooled to 22-28 ℃, preparing a cylindrical polypropylene material bag with an opening at one end before inoculation, wherein the diameter of the material bag is 12-15 cm, and the total length of the material bag is 34-37 cm; putting a culture medium with the thickness of 2cm-4cm into the material bag, compacting to form a culture medium layer, then putting a strain with the thickness of 5mm, compacting to form a strain layer, and forming the culture medium layer-strain layer-culture medium layer to be arranged at intervals; the strain layers of the material bag are 3-5 layers, the culture medium layer is one layer more than the strain layers, the culture medium layers are arranged at two ends of the material bag, and after inoculation, the opening of the material bag is tightened to form an inoculation material bag;
(4) and (3) fruiting management: placing the inoculation material bag in the step (3) into a dark room at the temperature of 15-25 ℃ for culturing, spraying a traditional Chinese medicine liquid I into the air during culturing, wherein the relative humidity is 60-70%, and after culturing for 10-15 d, blowing the dark room by using an air blower every 4h, and keeping the oxygen concentration at 20-30%; after the hypha grows over the fungus bag, continuously culturing in a dark room for 5d-7 d; then, cutting openings with the length of 3cm-5cm around the plastic bag by a knife, and cutting 5-7 times in total; moving the cut fungus bags into an ear shed for stacking, wherein the number of stacked layers is 3-5, carrying out illumination treatment on the fungus bags for 1 time every 2-3 h after the fungus bags are stacked, keeping the temperature of the ear shed at 18-25 ℃, and spraying distilled water into the ear shed, wherein the relative humidity of air is kept at 40-50%; after the sarcomatous small ears grow in the cracks of the fungus bags, moving the plastic bags to an ear outlet bed frame for ear outlet management, wherein the temperature of an ear outlet place is 15-23 ℃, liquid medicine II is irregularly sprayed into the air, the relative humidity of the air is kept at 85-95%, a door and a window are opened for scattered light illumination treatment, and the illumination intensity of scattered light is 600Lx-1000 Lx;
(5) harvesting and post-harvest management: when the ear pieces of the black fungus in the step (4) are unfolded and softened, the meat quality is thick, the ear roots shrink and become thin, a first tide of mushrooms begin to be harvested when few ear backs begin to generate white powdery basidiospores, and liquid fertilizer is sprayed to the surface of the compost in the morning and evening every day after the picking is finished, so that the air humidity reaches 80% -90%; and (5) managing according to the fruiting management method in the step (4) until 2-4 times of mushrooms are harvested.
Further, the culture material in the step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of fermented mulberry twigs, 20-30 parts of corn stalks, 25-35 parts of rice straws, 10-15 parts of gypsum powder, 20-30 parts of oil tea residues, 8-18 parts of bean flour, 7-18 parts of passion fruit peels and 15-28 parts of bagasse.
Further, the fermentation method for fermenting the mulberry twigs comprises the following steps: crushing mulberry twigs, screening by a screen mesh of 100 meshes to 150 meshes, adding 5mg/g to 10mg/g of NaCl and 4mg/g to 6mg/g of cellulase with the enzyme activity of 500U/g to 800U/g into the crushed mulberry twigs, uniformly stirring, inoculating domesticated mulberry twigs fermentation strain according to the inoculation amount of 7mg/g to 9mg/g, and hermetically fermenting for 20 days under the conditions that the temperature is 25 ℃ to 27 ℃ and the relative humidity is 20 percent to 30 percent.
Further, the mulberry twig fermentation strain is composed of the following components in parts by weight: 12 to 23 portions of viable count is 3.4 multiplied by 108CFU/g bacillus subtilis, 17-32 viable count of 2.4 x 108CFU/g Aspergillus oryzae 3.1X 108CFU/g, 9-19 viable count of 5.7 × 108CFU/g of red mould and 13 to 27 parts of viable count of 6.3 multiplied by 108Lactic acid bacteria in CFU/g; the domestication method of the mulberry twig fermentation strain comprises the following steps: respectively placing bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae and erythromyces into the domestication culture medium for culturing, ending the first-stage culture when the cellulose content in the domestication culture medium is reduced by half, and recording the culture time as T1(ii) a Picking out colonies and repeating the first-stage culture process, finishing the first-stage culture when the cellulose content in the bacillus acclimation culture medium is reduced by half, and recording the culture time as T2(ii) a Repeating the culture for n period when Tn is 1/2T1Then, completing the acclimatization process of bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae and erythromyces; culturing lactobacillus in acclimatization culture medium, terminating the first stage culture when the content of lactic acid in the acclimatization culture medium reaches 30mg/mL, and recording the culture time as T1(ii) a Performing second-stage culture after the first-stage culture is finished, selecting strains after the first-stage culture is finished, placing the strains in the culture with the same formula for culture, repeating the first-stage culture process, finishing the second-stage culture when the content of lactic acid in a culture medium reaches 30mg/mL, and recording the culture time as T2(ii) a Repeating the culture for n period when Tn is 1/2T1Then, completing the acclimatization process;
the domestication culture medium comprises the following components: cellulose with the mass concentration of 40mg/mL, hemicellulose with the mass concentration of 20mg/mL, sucrose with the mass concentration of 5mg/mL, yeast extract with the mass concentration of 30mg/mL, pitaya polysaccharide with the mass concentration of 13mg/mL, agar with the mass concentration of 10mg/mL, barbaloin with the mass concentration of 10mg/mL and mulberry leaf juice in balance.
Further, the traditional Chinese medicine water I in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 13-19 parts of eucalyptus leaf extract, 12-18 parts of fennel extract, 8-17 parts of pepper seed extract, 11-23 parts of lotus leaf extract, 12-25 parts of aristolochia debilis extract and 9-19 parts of bergamot extract.
Further, the traditional Chinese medicine liquid II in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 17-24 parts of longan shell extract, 18-27 parts of lychee seed extract, 19-28 parts of chrysanthemum extract, 27-39 parts of aloe extract and 23-37 parts of passion fruit peel extract.
Further, the processing mode of the illumination processing in the step (4) is cyclic color illumination processing, and 4-6 cyclic processing is performed in total, and the cyclic processing mode is as follows: white light treatment is carried out for 20min, the illumination intensity is 800Lx-1200 Lx- "blue light treatment is 10min, the illumination intensity is 600Lx-800 Lx-" red light treatment is 15min, the illumination intensity is 800Lx-1000 Lx- "orange light treatment is 15min, and the illumination intensity is 500Lx-800 Lx-" dark treatment is 5 min.
Further, the liquid fertilizer in the step (5) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 36-49 parts of animal urine filtrate, 19-31 parts of oil tea residue leaching liquor, 16-29 parts of passion fruit peel fermentation liquor, 9-16 parts of bone meal leaching liquor and 13-27 parts of sodium alginate.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the black fungus is cultured on the basis of the mulberry twigs as the culture material, a large amount of vitamins, proteins and hemicellulose substances are released after the fermentation treatment of the mulberry twigs in the culture material, and can be well and quickly absorbed by the black fungus, the culture time of the black fungus is shortened, the quality of the black fungus is improved, and meanwhile, the mulberry twigs are characteristic plants in the local area, are convenient and quick to obtain materials, and can be researched and developed according to local conditions; in the fermentation process of the mulberry twigs, the fermentation strains are domesticated according to the characteristics of nutrient elements of the mulberry twigs, so that the mulberry twigs can be rapidly fermented, the release of nutrient substances is accelerated, and the method is more suitable for the growth of the black fungus.
2. In the process of culturing the black fungus, the culture material uses the fermented mulberry twigs, the fermented fragrance of the mulberry twigs can attract the insects and the ants, in order to effectively kill the insects and the ants, the inventor utilizes Chinese liquid medicine I and Chinese liquid medicine II to expel the insects, the Chinese liquid medicine is prepared by Chinese medicine extracts, and the extracts contain rich active ingredients such as terpenes, flavonoids, tannins, phloroglucinol, glycosides, salicin, capsaicin, nuciferine, 1-menthone and the like, so that the black fungus can be effectively driven off, harmful bacteria can be killed, and the black fungus sticks of the black fungus can not be corroded by the insects and the germs.
3. The invention also stimulates fruiting through colored illumination, can lead the black fungus to rapidly mushroom, rapidly enrich nutrition and achieve the purpose of improving quality.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract) is merely an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless explicitly described as such.
Example 1:
the cultivation method of the black fungus comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a culture material: drying the compost, mixing and crushing, screening by using a 100-mesh screen, adding water to enable the water content of the compost to be 10%, constructing the compost into a stock pile, and carrying out stack retting fermentation, wherein the pile length is 4m, the pile width is 1m, the height is 80cm, the gradient is 30 degrees, 2 vent holes are formed in the stock pile, the height of each vent hole is 20cm, the diameter is 5cm, the relative humidity of the stock pile is kept to be 10%, when the central temperature of the stock pile reaches 40 ℃, turning the stock pile, the total fermentation time is 48h, and after the fermentation is finished, adjusting the pH value of the stock pile to be 7.0; adjusting the water content of the material pile to 50% by using distilled water after the fermentation is finished;
(2) and (3) sterilization: sterilizing the culture material prepared in the step (1) at normal pressure, wherein the sterilization temperature is 100 ℃, and the sterilization time is 12 hours;
(3) inoculation: placing the sterilized fungus material in the step (1) into a sterile room for natural cooling, starting inoculation when the temperature of a culture medium is cooled to 22 ℃, preparing a cylindrical polypropylene material bag with an opening at one end before inoculation, wherein the diameter of the material bag is 12cm, and the total length of the material bag is 34 cm; putting a culture medium with the thickness of 2cm into the material bag, compacting to form a culture medium layer, then putting a strain with the thickness of 5mm, compacting to form a strain layer, and forming the spaced arrangement of the culture medium layer-strain layer-culture medium layer; the strain layers of the material bag are 3 layers, the culture medium layer is one layer more than the strain layers, the culture medium layers are arranged at two ends of the material bag, and after inoculation, the opening of the material bag is tightened to form an inoculation material bag;
(4) and (3) fruiting management: placing the inoculation material bag in the step (3) into a dark room at the temperature of 15 ℃ for culturing, spraying a traditional Chinese medicine liquid I into the air during culturing, wherein the relative humidity is 60%, and after culturing for 10 days, blowing air into the dark room by using an air blower every 4h, and keeping the oxygen concentration at 20%; after the hyphae grow over the fungus bags, continuously culturing for 5 days in a dark room; then, cutting openings with the length of 3cm around the plastic bag by a knife, and cutting 5 paths in total; moving the cut fungus bags into an ear shed for stacking, wherein the number of stacked layers is 3, and performing illumination treatment on the fungus bags every 2h after the fungus bags are stacked (wherein the illumination treatment mode is circulating color illumination treatment and totally performing 4 circulating treatments, and the circulating treatment mode comprises white light treatment for 20min, illumination intensity of 800Lx to blue light treatment for 10min, illumination intensity of 600Lx to red light treatment for 15min, illumination intensity of 800Lx to orange light treatment for 15min and illumination intensity of 500Lx to dark treatment for 5 min); keeping the temperature of the ear shed at 18 ℃, and spraying distilled water into the ear shed to keep the relative humidity of air at 40%; after the sarcomatous small ears grow in the cracks of the fungus bags, moving the plastic bags to an ear outlet bed frame for ear outlet management, wherein the temperature of an ear outlet place is 15 ℃, liquid medicine II is sprayed into the air in an unscheduled way, the relative humidity of the air is kept at 85 percent, a door and a window are opened for scattered light illumination treatment, and the illumination intensity of scattered light is 600 Lx;
(5) harvesting and post-harvest management: when the ear pieces of the black fungus in the step (4) are unfolded and softened, the meat quality is thick, the ear roots shrink and become thin, a first tide of mushrooms begin to be harvested when few ear backs begin to generate white powdery basidiospores, and liquid fertilizer is sprayed to the surface of the compost in the morning and evening every day after the picking is finished, so that the air humidity reaches 80%; and (5) managing according to the fruiting management method in the step (4) until 2 times of mushrooms are harvested.
The culture material in the step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of fermented mulberry twigs, 20 parts of corn stalks, 25 parts of rice stalks, 10 parts of gypsum powder, 20 parts of oil tea residues, 8 parts of bean flour, 7 parts of passion fruit peels and 15 parts of bagasse.
The fermentation method of the fermented mulberry twigs comprises the following steps: crushing mulberry twigs, screening by a 100-mesh screen, adding 5mg/g of NaCl and 4mg/g of cellulase with the enzyme activity of 500U/g into the crushed mulberry twigs, uniformly stirring, inoculating domesticated mulberry twig fermentation strains according to the inoculum size of 7mg/g, and performing closed fermentation for 20 days under the conditions that the temperature is 25 ℃ and the relative humidity is 20%. Wherein the mulberry twig fermentation strain consists of the following components in parts by weight: the number of viable bacteria in 12 parts is 3.4 multiplied by 108CFU/g bacillus subtilis, 17 parts of viable count is 2.4 multiplied by 108CFU/g Aspergillus oryzae 3.1X 108CFU/g, 9 parts viable count of 5.7 x 108CFU/g of Rhodomycete and 13 parts of viable count of 6.3X 108Lactic acid bacteria in CFU/g;
the domestication method of the mulberry twig fermentation strain comprises the following steps: respectively placing bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae and erythromyces into the domestication culture medium for culturing, ending the first-stage culture when the cellulose content in the domestication culture medium is reduced by half, and recording the culture time as T1(ii) a Picking out colonies and repeating the first-stage culture process, finishing the first-stage culture when the cellulose content in the bacillus acclimation culture medium is reduced by half, and recording the culture time as T2(ii) a Repeating the culture for n period when Tn is 1/2T1Then, completing the acclimatization process of bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae and erythromyces; culturing lactobacillus in acclimatization culture medium, terminating the first stage culture when the content of lactic acid in the acclimatization culture medium reaches 30mg/mL, and recording the culture time as T1(ii) a Performing second-stage culture after the first-stage culture, selecting the strain after the first-stage culture, culturing in the culture with the same formula, and repeatingRepeating the first stage culture process, ending the second stage culture when the content of lactic acid in the culture medium reaches 30mg/mL, and recording the culture time as T2(ii) a Repeating the culture for n period when Tn is 1/2T1Then, completing the acclimatization process;
the domestication culture medium comprises the following components: cellulose with the mass concentration of 40mg/mL, hemicellulose with the mass concentration of 20mg/mL, sucrose with the mass concentration of 5mg/mL, yeast extract with the mass concentration of 30mg/mL, pitaya polysaccharide with the mass concentration of 13mg/mL, agar with the mass concentration of 10mg/mL, barbaloin with the mass concentration of 10mg/mL and mulberry leaf juice in balance.
The processing method of the culture material comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts, uniformly mixing and crushing, and screening by using a 70-mesh screen to obtain the compost.
The traditional Chinese medicine liquid I in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 13 parts of eucalyptus leaf extract, 12 parts of fennel extract, 8 parts of pepper seed extract, 11 parts of lotus leaf extract, 12 parts of aristolochia debilis extract and 9 parts of bergamot extract.
The method for extracting the eucalyptus leaf extract in the traditional Chinese medicine I comprises the following steps: mixing eucalyptus leaves with the water content of 3% and bark according to the mass ratio of 1:2, crushing, screening by a 100-mesh screen, dividing the powder into two parts, putting one part into a butanol solution with the mass ratio of 3 times and the volume percentage of butanol of 15%, performing reflux extraction for 18 hours, filtering, taking the solvent, performing reduced pressure distillation, and drying until the water content is 4% to obtain a eucalyptus extract I; and putting the other part into a petroleum ether solution with the mass of 4 times and the volume percentage of petroleum ether of 15% for reflux extraction for 22 hours, filtering, taking the solvent, carrying out reduced pressure distillation, and drying until the water content is 4% to obtain a eucalyptus extract II. In the eucalyptus extract, the content of terpenoid components is 54.33mg/g, the content of flavonoid components is 123.45mg/g, the content of tannin components is 27.75mg/g, the content of phloroglucinol components is 105.54mg/g, and the content of glucoside components is 97.87 mg/g.
② the extraction method of the fennel extract in the traditional Chinese medicine I comprises the following steps: pulverizing fructus Foeniculi with water content of 3%, sieving with 50 mesh sieve, fumigating the powder with ethanol steam at 145 deg.C for 4 hr, and collecting condensed liquid to obtain fructus Foeniculi extract; the content of fennel essential oil in the extract is 96.7%.
The extraction method of the chilli seed extract in the traditional Chinese medicine I comprises the following steps: mixing dry Capsici fructus seed with water content of 4% and 100mg/g acetone solution at solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:4, warm soaking in 60 deg.C water bath for 4 times, each for 1 hr, filtering, mixing filtrates, recovering acetone under reduced pressure to obtain soft extract with relative density of 1.97g/cm3The obtained Capsici fructus extract contains capsaicin 185.32mg/g and capsaicin 94.65 mg/g.
The extraction method of the lotus leaf extract in the traditional Chinese medicine liquid I comprises the following steps: cutting dried folium Nelumbinis with water content of 4%, mixing with 75% (v/v) ethanol solution at solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:3, warm soaking in 70 deg.C water bath for 4 times (each time for 1 hr), filtering, mixing filtrates, distilling under reduced pressure to obtain paste with relative density of 1.87g/cm3The lotus leaf extract is obtained, and the content of nuciferine in the extract is 154.36 mg/g.
Fifthly, the extraction method of the aristolochia debilis extract in the traditional Chinese medicine I comprises the following steps: cutting fresh Aristolochia debilis leaf, mixing with 300mg/g butanol solution at solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:3, warm-soaking in 90 deg.C water bath for 3 times, each for 1 hr, filtering, mixing filtrates, distilling under reduced pressure, and concentrating to obtain paste with relative density of 2.01g/cm3The aristolochic acid content in the extract is 185.32 mg/g.
Sixthly, the extraction method of the bergamot extract in the traditional Chinese medicine liquid I comprises the following steps: cutting fresh bergenia littoralis leaves, mixing with 300mg/g methanol solution according to the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:4, warm-soaking in 90 deg.C water bath for 3 times, each time for 1h, filtering, mixing filtrates, distilling under reduced pressure, concentrating to paste with paste relative density of 1.83g/cm3The obtained extract contains terpenoids 201.21mg/g and phloroglucinol 193.76 mg/g.
The processing method of the traditional Chinese medicine liquid I comprises the following steps: weighing the extracts of the components in parts by weight, mixing the fennel extract with water according to the mass ratio of 1:2, then putting the fennel extract into a stirrer to mix for 2min at the rotating speed of 2000r/min, then mixing the fennel extract with the other components, uniformly mixing the mixture and the water according to the mass ratio of 1:5 to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine liquid I.
The traditional Chinese medicine liquid II in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 17 parts of longan shell extract, 18 parts of lychee seed extract, 19 parts of chrysanthemum extract, 27 parts of aloe extract and 23 parts of passion fruit peel extract.
The extraction method of the longan shell extract in the traditional Chinese medicine liquid II comprises the following steps: pulverizing longan shell with water content of 3%, sieving with 150 mesh sieve to obtain dried longan shell powder, placing the dried longan shell powder into extraction kettle, and adding liquid CO under 25MPa2Static extracting for 15min, gradually releasing pressure, and performing supercritical CO extraction2Dynamic extraction, wherein the technological parameters of the dynamic extraction are as follows: when the temperature is heated to 50 ℃, pressurizing the system, regulating CO after the pressure reaches 25MPa2The flow rate is 10L/min, the circulation extraction is carried out for 2h under constant temperature and pressure, then the material is discharged, the centrifugal separation is carried out for 5min under the condition of 1000r/min, the longan shell extract is obtained, and the content of the longan shell essential oil in the longan shell extract reaches 97.5%.
② the extraction method of the lychee seed extract in the traditional Chinese medicine liquid II comprises the following steps: crushing litchi seeds with the water content of 3%, sieving with a 50-mesh sieve, fumigating the powder with ethanol steam at the fumigating temperature of 155 ℃ for 5 hours, and collecting condensed liquid to obtain a litchi seed extract; in the extract, the content of semen litchi essential oil is 95.2%.
And the extraction method of the chrysanthemum extract in the traditional Chinese medicine liquid II comprises the following steps: mixing the wild chrysanthemum and warm water according to a solid-liquid mass ratio of 3:1, stirring and warm soaking for 3 times in a water bath at a temperature of 90 ℃, each time for 30min, filtering, combining the filtrates, carrying out reduced pressure distillation and concentration until the concentrated solution is 1/4 of a stock solution, thus obtaining the wild chrysanthemum extract, wherein the content of the chrysanthenone, the vanillyl alcohol, the wild chrysanthemum lactone and the chrysanthemumoside in the extract are 76.98mg/g, 85.98mg/g, 68.09mg/g and 58.06mg/g respectively.
Fourthly, the extraction method of the aloe extract in the traditional Chinese medicine liquid II comprises the following steps: crushing fresh aloe with skin, adding 70% (v/v) ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of aloe to ethanol of 1:4, standing at-3 deg.C for 24h, ultrasonic extracting in an ultrasonic extractor at 400w, 60 deg.C for 20min, reflux extracting in a reflux extractor at 95 deg.C for 2h, filtering, concentrating the filtrate by rotary evaporation, and drying until the water content is 3% to obtain aloe extract. The content of barbaloin in the extract is 128.54 mg/g; the aloe polysaccharide content is 210.73 mg/g.
The extraction method of the passion fruit peel extract in the traditional Chinese medicine liquid II comprises the following steps: cutting fresh passion fruit peel, and then mixing with 90% (v/v) ethanol according to a solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:1, then putting into water bath of 90 deg.C for leaching for 50min, repeating the leaching for 3 times, combining filtrates, distilling under reduced pressure and concentrating to paste with relative density of 1.75g/cm3The passion fruit peel extract is obtained, wherein the terpenoid component content of the extract is 143.77mg/g, the phloroglucinol component content is 98.65mg/g, and the vitamin C content is 137.98.
The processing method of the traditional Chinese medicine liquid II comprises the following steps: weighing the extracts of the components in parts by weight, uniformly mixing, mixing the mixture and water in a mass ratio of 1:5, and uniformly mixing for 10min in a stirrer with a rotating speed of 3000r/min to obtain the traditional Chinese medicine liquid II.
The liquid fertilizer in the step (5) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 36 parts of animal urine filtrate, 19 parts of oil tea residue leaching liquor, 16 parts of passion fruit peel fermentation liquor, 9 parts of bone meal leaching liquor and 13 parts of sodium alginate.
The processing method of the animal urine filtrate in the liquid fertilizer comprises the following steps: filtering urine by a 500-mesh osmotic membrane, and taking filtrate to obtain the animal urine filtrate.
The processing method of the tea-seed residue leaching liquor in the liquid fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing the camellia oleifera residues with water according to the solid-liquid mass ratio of 4:1, heating to 50 ℃, leaching at constant temperature for 2h, and filtering to obtain camellia oleifera residue leaching liquor.
And thirdly, the processing method of the passion fruit peel fermentation liquid in the liquid fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing passion fruit peel and water according to the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:1, and then adding bacillus subtilis according to the inoculation amount of 5mg/g, wherein the viable count of lactobacillus is 4.2 multiplied by 108Fermenting at 28 deg.C for 20d, and filtering to obtain Perilla frutescens pericarp fermentation liquid.
The processing method of the bone meal leaching liquor in the liquid fertilizer comprises the following steps: crushing the bone meal to 100 meshes, mixing the bone meal with water according to the solid-liquid mass ratio of 1:1, adding 2% by mass of HCl solution according to the addition amount of 1g/L, heating to 600 ℃, leaching at constant temperature for 2h, and filtering to obtain bone meal leaching liquor.
The processing method of the liquid fertilizer comprises the following steps: and weighing the extracts of the components in parts by weight, and uniformly mixing to obtain the liquid fertilizer.
Example 2:
the cultivation method of the black fungus comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a culture material: drying the compost, mixing and crushing, screening by a 150-mesh screen, adding water to enable the water content of the compost to be 15%, building the compost into a material pile, and carrying out stack retting fermentation, wherein the pile length is 5m, the pile width is 1.5m, the height is 100cm, the gradient is 45 degrees, 4 vent holes are punched in the material pile, the height of each vent hole is 30cm, the diameter is 7cm, the relative humidity of the material pile is kept to be 15%, when the central temperature of the material pile reaches 40 ℃, turning the material pile, the total fermentation time is 72h, and after the fermentation is finished, adjusting the pH value of the material pile to be 8.0; adjusting the water content of the material pile to 60% by using distilled water after the fermentation is finished;
(2) and (3) sterilization: sterilizing the culture material prepared in the step (1) at normal pressure, wherein the sterilization temperature is 120 ℃, and the sterilization time is 14 hours;
(3) inoculation: placing the sterilized fungus material in the step (1) into a sterile room for natural cooling, starting inoculation when the temperature of a culture medium is cooled to 28 ℃, preparing a cylindrical polypropylene material bag with an opening at one end before inoculation, wherein the diameter of the material bag is 15cm, and the total length of the material bag is 37 cm; putting a culture medium with the thickness of 4cm into the material bag, compacting to form a culture medium layer, then putting a strain with the thickness of 5mm, compacting to form a strain layer, and forming the spaced arrangement of the culture medium layer-strain layer-culture medium layer; the strain layer of the material bag is 5 layers, the culture medium layer is one layer more than the strain layer, the culture medium layers are arranged at two ends of the material bag, and after inoculation, the opening of the material bag is tightened to form an inoculation material bag;
(4) and (3) fruiting management: placing the inoculation material bag in the step (3) into a dark room at the temperature of 25 ℃ for culturing, spraying a traditional Chinese medicine liquid I into the air during culturing, wherein the relative humidity is 70%, and after culturing for 15 days, blowing air into the dark room by using an air blower every 4 hours, and keeping the oxygen concentration at 30%; after the hyphae grow over the fungus bags, continuously culturing for 7d in a dark room; then, cutting an opening with the length of 5cm on the periphery of the plastic bag by using a knife, and cutting 5-7 times in total; moving the cut fungus bags into an ear shed for stacking, wherein the number of stacked layers is 5, and performing illumination treatment on the fungus bags every 3h after the fungus bags are stacked (wherein the illumination treatment mode is circulating color illumination treatment and 6 circulating treatments are performed in total, and the circulating treatment mode comprises white light treatment for 20min, illumination intensity of 1200Lx to blue light treatment for 10min, illumination intensity of 800Lx to red light treatment for 15min, illumination intensity of 1000Lx to orange light treatment for 15min and illumination intensity of 800Lx to dark treatment for 5 min); keeping the temperature of the ear shed at 25 ℃, and spraying distilled water into the ear shed to keep the relative humidity of air at 50%; after the sarcomatous small ears grow in the cracks of the fungus bags, moving the plastic bags to an ear outlet bed frame for ear outlet management, wherein the temperature of an ear outlet place is 23 ℃, liquid medicine II is sprayed into the air in an unscheduled way, the relative humidity of the air is kept at 95 percent, a door and a window are opened for scattered light illumination treatment, and the illumination intensity of the scattered light is 1000 Lx;
(5) harvesting and post-harvest management: when the ear pieces of the black fungus in the step (4) are unfolded and softened, the meat quality is thick, the ear roots shrink and become thin, the first tide of mushrooms starts to be harvested when few ear backs start to generate white powdery basidiospores, and liquid fertilizer is sprayed to the surface of the compost in the morning and evening every day after the picking is finished, so that the air humidity reaches 90%; and (5) managing according to the fruiting management method in the step (4) until the harvest of the 4-tide mushrooms is finished.
The culture material in the step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of fermented mulberry branches, 30 parts of corn stalks, 35 parts of rice stalks, 15 parts of gypsum powder, 30 parts of tea-seed residues, 18 parts of bean flour, 18 parts of passion fruit peels and 28 parts of bagasse.
The fermentation method of the fermented mulberry twigs comprises the following steps: crushing mulberry twigs, screening by a 150-mesh screen, adding 10mg/g of NaCl and 6mg/g of cellulase with the enzyme activity of 800U/g into the crushed mulberry twigs, uniformly stirring, inoculating domesticated mulberry twig fermentation strains according to the inoculation amount of 9mg/g, and performing closed fermentation for 20 days under the conditions that the temperature is 27 ℃ and the relative humidity is 30%. Wherein the mulberry twig fermentation strain consists of the following components in parts by weight: 23 parts of the active bacteria have the number of 3.4 multiplied by 108CFU/g bacillus subtilis, 32 viable count is 2.4 x 108CFU/g Aspergillus oryzae 3.1X 108CFU/g, 19 viable count of 5.7 × 108The number of CFU/g of the red mould and 27 parts of viable bacteria is 6.3 multiplied by 108Lactic acid bacteria in CFU/g;
the domestication method of the mulberry twig fermentation strain comprises the following steps: respectively placing bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae and erythromyces into the domestication culture medium for culturing, ending the first-stage culture when the cellulose content in the domestication culture medium is reduced by half, and recording the culture time as T1(ii) a Picking out colonies and repeating the first-stage culture process, finishing the first-stage culture when the cellulose content in the bacillus acclimation culture medium is reduced by half, and recording the culture time as T2(ii) a Repeating the culture for n period when Tn is 1/2T1Then, completing the acclimatization process of bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae and erythromyces; culturing lactobacillus in acclimatization culture medium, terminating the first stage culture when the content of lactic acid in the acclimatization culture medium reaches 30mg/mL, and recording the culture time as T1(ii) a Performing second-stage culture after the first-stage culture is finished, selecting strains after the first-stage culture is finished, placing the strains in the culture with the same formula for culture, repeating the first-stage culture process, finishing the second-stage culture when the content of lactic acid in a culture medium reaches 30mg/mL, and recording the culture time as T2(ii) a Repeating the culture for n period when Tn is 1/2T1Then, completing the acclimatization process;
the domestication culture medium comprises the following components: cellulose with the mass concentration of 40mg/mL, hemicellulose with the mass concentration of 20mg/mL, sucrose with the mass concentration of 5mg/mL, yeast extract with the mass concentration of 30mg/mL, pitaya polysaccharide with the mass concentration of 13mg/mL, agar with the mass concentration of 10mg/mL, barbaloin with the mass concentration of 10mg/mL and mulberry leaf juice in balance.
The processing method of the culture material comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts, uniformly mixing and crushing, and screening by using a 70-mesh screen to obtain the compost.
The traditional Chinese medicine liquid I in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 19 parts of eucalyptus leaf extract, 18 parts of fennel extract, 17 parts of pepper seed extract, 23 parts of lotus leaf extract, 25 parts of aristolochia debilis extract and 19 parts of vetiver extract.
In this example, the extraction method of the eucalyptus leaf extract, the fennel extract, the capsicum seed extract, the lotus leaf extract, the aristolochia debilis extract, and the rubus spicata extract of the traditional Chinese medicine water I is completely the same as that of example 1.
In this example, the processing method of the Chinese medicinal decoction I is completely the same as that of example 1.
The traditional Chinese medicine liquid II in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 24 parts of longan shell extract, 27 parts of lychee seed extract, 28 parts of chrysanthemum extract, 39 parts of aloe extract and 37 parts of passion fruit peel extract.
In this embodiment, the extraction methods of the longan shell extract, the lychee seed extract, the chrysanthemum extract, the aloe extract and the passion fruit peel extract in the traditional Chinese medicine water II are completely the same as those in embodiment 1. .
In this example, the processing method of the Chinese medicinal liquid II is completely the same as that of example 1.
The liquid fertilizer in the step (5) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 49 parts of animal urine filtrate, 31 parts of oil tea residue leaching liquor, 29 parts of passion fruit peel fermentation liquor, 16 parts of bone meal leaching liquor and 27 parts of sodium alginate.
In this embodiment, the processing method of the liquid manure animal urine, the camellia oleifera dreg leaching liquor, the passion fruit peel fermentation liquor and the medium bone meal leaching liquor is completely the same as that in embodiment 1.
In this example, the processing method of the liquid fertilizer was completely the same as that of example 1.
Example 3:
the cultivation method of the black fungus comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing a culture material: drying the compost, mixing and crushing, screening by using a 120-mesh screen, adding water to enable the water content of the compost to be 12%, building the compost into a material pile, performing pile retting fermentation, wherein the pile length is 4.5m, the pile width is 1.2m, the height is 90cm, the gradient is 40 degrees, punching 3 vent holes in the material pile, the height of each vent hole is 25cm, the diameter is 6cm, the relative humidity of the material pile is kept to be 12%, turning the material pile when the central temperature of the material pile reaches 40 ℃, keeping the total fermentation time to be 65h, and adjusting the pH value of the material pile to be 7.5 after the fermentation is completed; adjusting the water content of the material pile to 55% by using distilled water after the fermentation is finished;
(2) and (3) sterilization: sterilizing the culture material prepared in the step (1) at normal pressure, wherein the sterilization temperature is 110 ℃, and the sterilization time is 13 hours;
(3) inoculation: placing the sterilized fungus material in the step (1) into a sterile room for natural cooling, starting inoculation when the temperature of a culture medium is cooled to 24 ℃, preparing a cylindrical polypropylene material bag with an opening at one end before inoculation, wherein the diameter of the material bag is 13cm, and the total length of the material bag is 36 cm; putting a culture medium with a thickness of 3cm into the material bag, compacting to form a culture medium layer, then putting a strain with a thickness of 5mm, compacting to form a strain layer, and forming the spaced arrangement of the culture medium layer-strain layer-culture medium layer; the strain layers of the material bag are 4 layers, the culture medium layer is one layer more than the strain layers, the culture medium layers are arranged at two ends of the material bag, and after inoculation, the opening of the material bag is tightened to form an inoculation material bag;
(4) and (3) fruiting management: putting the inoculation material bag in the step (3) into a dark room at the temperature of 20 ℃ for culturing, spraying a traditional Chinese medicine liquid I into the air during culturing, wherein the relative humidity is 65%, and after culturing for 13d, blowing air into the dark room by using an air blower every 4h, and keeping the oxygen concentration at 25%; after the hyphae grow over the fungus bags, continuously culturing for 6 days in a dark room; then, cutting openings with the length of 4cm around the plastic bag by a knife, and cutting 6 paths in total; the cut fungus bags are moved into an ear shed to be stacked, the number of stacked layers is 4, the fungus bags are subjected to illumination treatment for 1 time every 2.5 hours after being stacked (wherein the illumination treatment mode is circulating color illumination treatment, and is 4-6 times in total, and the circulation treatment mode comprises white light treatment for 20min, illumination intensity of 1000Lx to blue light treatment for 10min, illumination intensity of 700Lx to red light treatment for 15min, illumination intensity of 900Lx to orange light treatment for 15min, and illumination intensity of 600Lx to dark treatment for 5 min); keeping the temperature of the ear shed at 22 ℃, and spraying distilled water into the ear shed, and keeping the relative humidity of air at 45%; after the sarcomatous small ears grow in the cracks of the fungus bags, moving the plastic bags to an ear outlet bed frame for ear outlet management, wherein the temperature of an ear outlet place is 17 ℃, liquid medicine II is sprayed into the air in an unscheduled way, the relative humidity of the air is kept at 90 percent, a door and a window are opened for scattered light illumination treatment, and the illumination intensity of the scattered light is 800 Lx;
(5) harvesting and post-harvest management: when the ear pieces of the black fungus in the step (4) are unfolded and softened, the meat quality is thick, the ear roots shrink and become thin, a first tide of mushrooms begin to be harvested when few ear backs begin to generate white powdery basidiospores, and liquid fertilizer is sprayed to the surface of the compost in the morning and evening every day after the picking is finished, so that the air humidity reaches 85%; and (5) managing according to the fruiting management method in the step (4) until 3 times of mushrooms are harvested.
The culture material in the step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 45 parts of fermented mulberry twigs, 25 parts of corn stalks, 30 parts of rice stalks, 12 parts of gypsum powder, 25 parts of oil tea residues, 12 parts of bean flour, 13 parts of passion fruit peels and 20 parts of bagasse.
The fermentation method of the fermented mulberry twigs comprises the following steps: crushing mulberry twigs, screening by a 120-mesh screen, adding 8mg/g of NaCl and 5mg/g of cellulase with the enzyme activity of 600U/g into the crushed mulberry twigs, uniformly stirring, inoculating domesticated mulberry twig fermentation strains according to the inoculation amount of 8mg/g, and performing closed fermentation for 20 days under the conditions that the temperature is 26 ℃ and the relative humidity is 25%. Wherein the mulberry twig fermentation strain consists of the following components in parts by weight: 17 parts of the active bacteria have the number of 3.4 multiplied by 108CFU/g bacillus subtilis, 23 parts of viable count of 2.4 multiplied by 108CFU/g Aspergillus oryzae 3.1X 108CFU/g, 13 viable count of 5.7 × 108The number of CFU/g of the red mould and 21 parts of viable bacteria is 6.3 multiplied by 108Lactic acid bacteria in CFU/g;
the domestication method of the mulberry twig fermentation strain comprises the following steps: respectively placing bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae and erythromyces into the domestication culture medium for culturing, ending the first-stage culture when the cellulose content in the domestication culture medium is reduced by half, and recording the culture time as T1(ii) a Picking out colonies and repeating the first-stage culture process, finishing the first-stage culture when the cellulose content in the bacillus acclimation culture medium is reduced by half, and recording the culture time as T2(ii) a Repeating the culture for n period when Tn is 1/2T1Then, completing the acclimatization process of bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae and erythromyces; culturing lactobacillus in acclimatization culture medium, terminating the first stage culture when the content of lactic acid in the acclimatization culture medium reaches 30mg/mL, and recording the culture time as T1(ii) a Performing second-stage culture after the first-stage culture is finished, selecting strains after the first-stage culture is finished, placing the strains in the culture with the same formula for culture, repeating the first-stage culture process, finishing the second-stage culture when the content of lactic acid in a culture medium reaches 30mg/mL, and recording the culture time as T2(ii) a Repeating the culture for n period when Tn is 1/2T1Then, completing the acclimatization process;
the domestication culture medium comprises the following components: cellulose with the mass concentration of 40mg/mL, hemicellulose with the mass concentration of 20mg/mL, sucrose with the mass concentration of 5mg/mL, yeast extract with the mass concentration of 30mg/mL, pitaya polysaccharide with the mass concentration of 13mg/mL, agar with the mass concentration of 10mg/mL, barbaloin with the mass concentration of 10mg/mL and mulberry leaf juice in balance.
The processing method of the culture material comprises the following steps: weighing the raw materials according to the weight parts, uniformly mixing and crushing, and screening by using a 70-mesh screen to obtain the compost.
The traditional Chinese medicine liquid I in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of eucalyptus leaf extract, 16 parts of fennel extract, 12 parts of pepper seed extract, 17 parts of lotus leaf extract, 17 parts of aristolochia debilis extract and 12 parts of vetiver extract.
In this example, the extraction method of the eucalyptus leaf extract, the fennel extract, the capsicum seed extract, the lotus leaf extract, the aristolochia debilis extract, and the rubus spicata extract of the traditional Chinese medicine water I is completely the same as that of example 1.
In this example, the processing method of the Chinese medicinal decoction I is completely the same as that of example 1.
The traditional Chinese medicine liquid II in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of longan shell extract, 23 parts of lychee seed extract, 23 parts of chrysanthemum extract, 32 parts of aloe extract and 31 parts of passion fruit peel extract.
In this embodiment, the extraction methods of the longan shell extract, the lychee seed extract, the chrysanthemum extract, the aloe extract and the passion fruit peel extract in the traditional Chinese medicine water II are completely the same as those in embodiment 1. .
In this example, the processing method of the Chinese medicinal liquid II is completely the same as that of example 1.
The liquid fertilizer in the step (5) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 41 parts of animal urine filtrate, 23 parts of oil tea residue leaching liquor, 21 parts of passion fruit peel fermentation liquor, 12 parts of bone meal leaching liquor and 17 parts of sodium alginate.
In this embodiment, the processing method of the liquid manure animal urine, the camellia oleifera dreg leaching liquor, the passion fruit peel fermentation liquor and the medium bone meal leaching liquor is completely the same as that in embodiment 1.
In this example, the processing method of the liquid fertilizer was completely the same as that of example 1.
Control group 1:
the cultivation method of the control group is strictly carried out according to the example 1, but the common mulberry twigs are directly used without fermentation treatment in the culture materials, and other formulas and processing methods are completely consistent with the example 1.
Control group 2:
the cultivation method of this control group was strictly performed according to example 1, but the culture medium was not added with fermented mulberry branches, and the other formulation and processing method were completely identical to example 1.
Control group 3:
the cultivation method of the control group is strictly carried out according to the embodiment 1, the traditional Chinese medicine I is replaced by distilled water for spraying, and other formulas and processing methods are completely consistent with the embodiment 1.
Control group 4:
the cultivation method of the control group is strictly carried out according to the embodiment 1, the traditional Chinese medicine liquid II is replaced by distilled water for spraying, and other formulas and processing methods are completely consistent with the embodiment 1.
Control group 5:
the cultivation method of the control group is strictly carried out according to the embodiment 1, the liquid fertilizer is replaced by distilled water for spraying, and other formulas and processing methods are completely consistent with the embodiment 1.
Control group 6:
the cultivation method of the control group is strictly carried out according to the example 1, the method for processing the illumination replaces the color illumination alternating processing with the white light processing, and other formulas and processing methods are completely consistent with the example 1.
Test run 1:
at harvest time 1, 10 of samples from examples 1-3 and control groups 1-6 at harvest time 1 of tide 1, respectively; at harvest time 2, 10 of samples from examples 1-3 and control groups 1-6 at harvest time 1 of tide 1, respectively; the flower weight, flower thickness, mean diameter and appearance were determined and averaged. The details are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
| Group of | Gross weight (g/duo) | Flower thickness (mm) | Average diameter (cm) | Appearance of the product |
| Example 1 | 47.3 | 3.4 | 20.6 | Dark and bright in color |
| Example 2 | 48.2 | 3.7 | 21.8 | Dark and bright in color |
| Example 3 | 47.8 | 3.3 | 22.6 | Dark and bright in color |
| Control group 1 | 27.9 | 1.5 | 16.7 | Dark and bright in color |
| Control group 2 | 27.8 | 1.7 | 17.4 | Dark and bright in color |
| Control group 3 | 31.4 | 2.9 | 17.5 | Black with wormholes |
| Control group 4 | 30.2 | 3.0 | 18.3 | Black with wormholes |
| Control group 5 | 32.5 | 2.6 | 19.5 | Dark and bright in color |
| Control group 6 | 30.6 | 2.4 | 18.4 | Dark grey and dull luster |
As can be seen from the above table, the flower weight, the flower thickness and the average diameter of the culture materials of examples 1-3 are all larger than those of the control groups 1-6, which shows that the alternative of the fermented mulberry branches, the traditional Chinese medicine water I, the traditional Chinese medicine water II, the liquid fertilizer and the color illumination in the culture materials of the application can effectively improve the flower weight, the flower thickness and the average diameter of the black fungus, and can effectively improve the quality of the black fungus.
Test run 2:
after inoculation, observing the disease and insect pest condition of the black fungus every 10 days, observing for 60 days in total, and recording the disease and insect pest condition, wherein the specific conditions are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the above table, the control group 3 and the control group 4 have the mildew spot phenomenon at the 30 th day and the 20 th day respectively, and then have the mildew, brown spot, complete rot and other phenomena, which indicates that the traditional Chinese medicine liquid I and the traditional Chinese medicine liquid II of the present application can effectively improve the disease resistance of the black fungus and can effectively repel the insect ants.
In conclusion, the culture method can effectively improve the yield of the black fungus, improve the quality of the black fungus and improve the disease resistance of the black fungus.
The above examples are merely illustrative of several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A cultivation method of ramulus mori black fungus is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing a culture material: drying the compost, mixing and crushing the compost, screening the compost by a 100-150-mesh screen, adding water to ensure that the water content of the compost is 10-15%, constructing the compost into a stock pile, and carrying out stack retting fermentation, wherein the pile length is 4-5 m, the pile width is 1-1.5 m, the height is 80-100 cm, the slope is 30-45 degrees, 2-4 vent holes are punched in the stock pile, the height of the vent holes is 20-30 cm, the diameter is 5-7 cm, the relative humidity of the stock pile is kept to be 10-15%, when the central temperature of the stock pile reaches 40 ℃, turning the stock pile, wherein the total fermentation time is 48-72 h, and after the fermentation is finished, adjusting the pH value of the stock pile to be 7.0-8.0; after fermentation, distilled water is used for adjusting the water content of the material pile to 50-60%;
(2) and (3) sterilization: sterilizing the culture material prepared in the step (1) at normal pressure, wherein the sterilization temperature is 100-120 ℃, and the sterilization time is 12-14 h;
(3) inoculation: placing the sterilized fungus material in the step (1) into a sterile room for natural cooling, starting inoculation when the temperature of a culture medium is cooled to 22-28 ℃, preparing a cylindrical polypropylene material bag with an opening at one end before inoculation, wherein the diameter of the material bag is 12-15 cm, and the total length of the material bag is 34-37 cm; putting a culture medium with the thickness of 2cm-4cm into the material bag, compacting to form a culture medium layer, then putting a strain with the thickness of 5mm, compacting to form a strain layer, and forming the culture medium layer-strain layer-culture medium layer to be arranged at intervals; the strain layers of the material bag are 3-5 layers, the culture medium layer is one layer more than the strain layers, the culture medium layers are arranged at two ends of the material bag, and after inoculation, the opening of the material bag is tightened to form an inoculation material bag;
(4) and (3) fruiting management: placing the inoculation material bag in the step (3) into a dark room at the temperature of 15-25 ℃ for culturing, spraying a traditional Chinese medicine liquid I into the air during culturing, wherein the relative humidity is 60-70%, and after culturing for 10-15 d, blowing the dark room by using an air blower every 4h, and keeping the oxygen concentration at 20-30%; after the hypha grows over the fungus bag, continuously culturing in a dark room for 5d-7 d; then, cutting openings with the length of 3cm-5cm around the plastic bag by a knife, and cutting 5-7 times in total; moving the cut fungus bags into an ear shed for stacking, wherein the number of stacked layers is 3-5, carrying out illumination treatment on the fungus bags for 1 time every 2-3 h after the fungus bags are stacked, keeping the temperature of the ear shed at 18-25 ℃, and spraying distilled water into the ear shed, wherein the relative humidity of air is kept at 40-50%; after the sarcomatous small ears grow in the cracks of the fungus bags, moving the plastic bags to an ear outlet bed frame for ear outlet management, wherein the temperature of an ear outlet place is 15-23 ℃, liquid medicine II is irregularly sprayed into the air, the relative humidity of the air is kept at 85-95%, a door and a window are opened for scattered light illumination treatment, and the illumination intensity of scattered light is 600Lx-1000 Lx;
(5) harvesting and post-harvest management: when the ear pieces of the black fungus in the step (4) are unfolded and softened, the meat quality is thick, the ear roots shrink and become thin, a first tide of mushrooms begin to be harvested when few ear backs begin to generate white powdery basidiospores, and liquid fertilizer is sprayed to the surface of the compost in the morning and evening every day after the picking is finished, so that the air humidity reaches 80% -90%; then managing according to the fruiting management method in the step (4) until 2-4 times of mushrooms are harvested;
the culture material in the step (1) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of fermented mulberry twigs, 20-30 parts of corn stalks, 25-35 parts of rice straws, 10-15 parts of gypsum powder, 20-30 parts of oil tea residues, 8-18 parts of bean flour, 7-18 parts of passion fruit peels and 15-28 parts of bagasse;
the fermentation method of the fermented mulberry twigs comprises the following steps: crushing mulberry twigs, screening by a screen mesh of 100 meshes to 150 meshes, adding 5mg/g to 10mg/g of NaCl and 4mg/g to 6mg/g of cellulase with the enzyme activity of 500U/g to 800U/g into the crushed mulberry twigs, uniformly stirring, inoculating domesticated mulberry twigs fermentation strain according to the inoculation amount of 7mg/g to 9mg/g, and hermetically fermenting for 20 days under the conditions that the temperature is 25 ℃ to 27 ℃ and the relative humidity is 20 percent to 30 percent;
the mulberry twig fermentation strain consists of the following components in parts by weight: 12 to 23 portions of viable count is 3.4 multiplied by 108CFU/g bacillus subtilis, 17-32 viable count of 2.4 x 108CFU/g Aspergillus oryzae 3.1X 108CFU/g, 9-19 viable count of 5.7 × 108CFU/g of red mould and 13 to 27 parts of viable count of 6.3 multiplied by 108Lactic acid bacteria in CFU/g; the domestication method of the mulberry twig fermentation strain comprises the following steps: respectively placing bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae and erythromyces into the domestication culture medium for culturing, ending the first-stage culture when the cellulose content in the domestication culture medium is reduced by half, and recording the culture time as T1(ii) a Picking out colonies and repeating the first-stage culture process, finishing the first-stage culture when the cellulose content in the bacillus acclimation culture medium is reduced by half, and recording the culture time as T2(ii) a Repeating the culture for n period when Tn is 1/2T1Then, completing the acclimatization process of bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae and erythromyces; culturing lactobacillus in acclimatization culture medium, terminating the first stage culture when the content of lactic acid in the acclimatization culture medium reaches 30mg/mL, and recording the culture time as T1(ii) a Performing second-stage culture after the first-stage culture is finished, selecting strains after the first-stage culture is finished, placing the strains in the culture with the same formula for culture, repeating the first-stage culture process, finishing the second-stage culture when the content of lactic acid in a culture medium reaches 30mg/mL, and recording the culture time as T2(ii) a Repeating the culture for n period when Tn is 1/2T1Then, completing the acclimatization process;
the domestication culture medium comprises the following components: cellulose with the mass concentration of 40mg/mL, hemicellulose with the mass concentration of 20mg/mL, sucrose with the mass concentration of 5mg/mL, yeast extract with the mass concentration of 30mg/mL, pitaya polysaccharide with the mass concentration of 13mg/mL, agar with the mass concentration of 10mg/mL, barbaloin with the mass concentration of 10mg/mL and mulberry leaf juice in balance;
the traditional Chinese medicine liquid I in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 13-19 parts of eucalyptus leaf extract, 12-18 parts of fennel extract, 8-17 parts of pepper seed extract, 11-23 parts of lotus leaf extract, 12-25 parts of aristolochia debilis extract and 9-19 parts of bergamot extract;
the traditional Chinese medicine liquid II in the step (4) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 17-24 parts of longan shell extract, 18-27 parts of lychee seed extract, 19-28 parts of chrysanthemum extract, 27-39 parts of aloe extract and 23-37 parts of passion fruit peel extract;
the treatment mode of the illumination treatment in the step (4) is cyclic color illumination treatment, 4-6 cyclic treatments are carried out in total, and the cyclic treatment mode is as follows: white light treatment is carried out for 20min, the illumination intensity is 800Lx-1200 Lx- "blue light treatment is 10min, the illumination intensity is 600Lx-800 Lx-" red light treatment is 15min, the illumination intensity is 800Lx-1000 Lx- "orange light treatment is 15min, and the illumination intensity is 500Lx-800 Lx-" dark treatment is 5 min;
the liquid fertilizer in the step (5) comprises the following components in parts by weight: 36-49 parts of animal urine filtrate, 19-31 parts of oil tea residue leaching liquor, 16-29 parts of passion fruit peel fermentation liquor, 9-16 parts of bone meal leaching liquor and 13-27 parts of sodium alginate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810095890.7A CN108432544B (en) | 2018-01-31 | 2018-01-31 | Cultivation method of ramulus mori black fungus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810095890.7A CN108432544B (en) | 2018-01-31 | 2018-01-31 | Cultivation method of ramulus mori black fungus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108432544A CN108432544A (en) | 2018-08-24 |
| CN108432544B true CN108432544B (en) | 2021-05-11 |
Family
ID=63191407
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810095890.7A Expired - Fee Related CN108432544B (en) | 2018-01-31 | 2018-01-31 | Cultivation method of ramulus mori black fungus |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108432544B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109511463A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-03-26 | 昆明旭日丰华农业科技有限公司 | A kind of novel breeding method of cloud ear |
| CN110115199B (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2022-03-08 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院微生物研究所 | Method for preparing black fungus strain from eucalyptus wood chips |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104744121A (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-07-01 | 芝圣（天津）生物科技有限公司 | Edible fungus culture medium as well as preparation method thereof and edible fungus cultural method |
| CN104969774A (en) * | 2015-06-25 | 2015-10-14 | 广西柳城县成霖农业科技有限公司 | Black fungus anti-green-mildew cultivation method |
| CN106069190A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-11-09 | 潘雪玉 | The steam bacterium bag cultivation method of Auricularia |
| CN105961031A (en) * | 2016-06-22 | 2016-09-28 | 潘雪玉 | High-yield black fungus cultivation method |
| CN106576898A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-04-26 | 凤台县兰韵食用菌专业合作社 | Cultivation method capable of shortening growth cycle of straw mushrooms |
| CN106852254A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-06-16 | 昆明旭日丰华农业科技有限公司 | The cultural method of black fungus |
| CN106888799A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-27 | 陆川县新英食用菌专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of black fungus rich in selenium |
| CN107231945A (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2017-10-10 | 松桃苗族自治县继梅养殖专业合作社 | A kind of cultural method of agaric |
| CN107188709A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-09-22 | 宿松县华图生物科技有限公司 | A kind of fermented type multifunctional bio nutrient solution and preparation method thereof |
| CN107211729A (en) * | 2017-07-27 | 2017-09-29 | 贵州高原蓝梦菇业科技有限公司 | A kind of domestication of agaric and its utilization agricultural crop straw cultural method |
| CN107371806A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-11-24 | 佛山推启农业研究院（普通合伙） | A kind of cultivation technique of Silicon-rich black fungus |
| CN107459413A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-12-12 | 灵川县金晨菌业有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of black fungus rich in selenium |
-
2018
- 2018-01-31 CN CN201810095890.7A patent/CN108432544B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108432544A (en) | 2018-08-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR101347219B1 (en) | a Method of Cultivation Cordyceps Militaris | |
| JP5119343B2 (en) | Wine and its manufacturing method | |
| CN108307927B (en) | Cultivation method of ramulus mori pleurotus geesteranus | |
| KR101943219B1 (en) | Production method of ganoderma lucidum culture medium | |
| KR100549286B1 (en) | Manufacturing method for traditional rice wine flavoring with citrus junos | |
| CN106905064A (en) | A kind of cultivating white fungus culture medium and preparation method thereof, cultivating white fungus method | |
| CN108503454A (en) | A kind of special spray of leaf vegetables | |
| CN108432544B (en) | Cultivation method of ramulus mori black fungus | |
| KR101400021B1 (en) | The method for cultivation various mushrooms using natural substances | |
| CN102613331B (en) | Halimasch fermented tea and halimasch fermented tea composition, and preparation methods thereof | |
| CN106613322A (en) | Bamboo fungus culture medium | |
| JP3865735B2 (en) | Artificial cultivation method of cordyceps | |
| CN106396954A (en) | Culture medium for high-yield and high-quality Agrocybe cylindracea | |
| CN105272754A (en) | Compound fertilizer special for eggplant growth | |
| KR102292878B1 (en) | A method of breeding white grubs using ginseng and a food composition comprising white grubs raised thereof | |
| CN107266151A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of mushroom | |
| CN105505718A (en) | Health cordyceps sinensis and mulberry juice amber-colored dense wine rich in DNJ | |
| KR20160035372A (en) | Medium composition for cultivating mushrooms comprising medicinal herb residues | |
| KR102509566B1 (en) | Manufacturing method of microorganism using medical properties of a plant and obtained by fermentation of sulfur, and manufacturing method of insecticide, germicide and deodorizer using thereof | |
| KR102279890B1 (en) | Manufacturing method of Chicken Broth using Curing agent | |
| CN105941645A (en) | Preparation method of pure natural passiflorce edulia leaf bean curds | |
| KR102107424B1 (en) | Fermented pumpkin tea and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN112569265A (en) | Preparation method of medicinal fungus powder | |
| CN109105155A (en) | A kind of implantation methods of tea tree interplanting needle mushroom | |
| CN108727122A (en) | A kind of special spray of Centipeda minima |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information | ||
| CB02 | Change of applicant information |
Address after: No. 8 and 9, building 7, Jiangtou Sangye community, Jiangtou community, Qingyuan Town, Yizhou City, Hechi City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 546300 Applicant after: Hechi Yizhou Tianyuan Lvjia Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 8 and 9, building 7, Jiangtou Sangye community, Jiangtou community, Qingyuan Town, Yizhou City, Hechi City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 546300 Applicant before: GUANGXI YIZHOU TIANYUAN LYUJIA AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
|
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20210119 Address after: 054999 no.038, zhoulou village, Linxi Town, Linxi County, Xingtai City, Hebei Province Applicant after: Zhou Lingling Address before: No. 8 and 9, building 7, Jiangtou Sangye community, Jiangtou community, Qingyuan Town, Yizhou City, Hechi City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 546300 Applicant before: Hechi Yizhou Tianyuan Lvjia Agricultural Technology Co.,Ltd. |
|
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20210422 Address after: 325615 1 Lane 39, East Bridge Road, Yueqing, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Applicant after: Yang Zhiping Address before: 054999 no.038, zhoulou village, Linxi Town, Linxi County, Xingtai City, Hebei Province Applicant before: Zhou Lingling |
|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20211118 Address after: 157000 east side of black fungus industrial cluster, Suiyang Town, Dongning City, Mudanjiang City, Heilongjiang Province Patentee after: Dongning Shanyou edible fungus technology R & D Co.,Ltd. Address before: 325615 1 Lane 39, East Bridge Road, Yueqing, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Patentee before: Yang Zhiping |
|
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20210511 Termination date: 20220131 |