CN112569265A - Preparation method of medicinal fungus powder - Google Patents
Preparation method of medicinal fungus powder Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112569265A CN112569265A CN202011526628.7A CN202011526628A CN112569265A CN 112569265 A CN112569265 A CN 112569265A CN 202011526628 A CN202011526628 A CN 202011526628A CN 112569265 A CN112569265 A CN 112569265A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- medicinal
- raw material
- temperature
- raw materials
- fermentation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
- A61K36/07—Basidiomycota, e.g. Cryptococcus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/06—Fungi, e.g. yeasts
- A61K36/07—Basidiomycota, e.g. Cryptococcus
- A61K36/074—Ganoderma
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
- A61K2236/19—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving fermentation using yeast, bacteria or both; enzymatic treatment
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
- A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
- A61K2236/331—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using water, e.g. cold water, infusion, tea, steam distillation, decoction
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
- A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
- A61K2236/51—Concentration or drying of the extract, e.g. Lyophilisation, freeze-drying or spray-drying
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of medicinal fungus powder, belonging to the technical field of preparation or treatment of fungi. A preparation method of medicinal fungus powder sequentially comprises the steps of raw material treatment, strain inoculation, temperature-controlled culture, drying, crushing, processing and packaging, wherein the raw material treatment comprises the following steps: 1) extracting medicinal fungi with water to obtain medicinal fungus extractive solution; 2) adding the fermentation raw material of the medicinal fungus into the medicinal fungus extracting solution, and stewing until the fermentation raw material is well cooked; 3) and (4) airing and sterilizing the fermented raw materials which are cooked to be well cooked, and putting the fermented raw materials into an aseptic container for later use. The invention can improve the utilization efficiency of raw materials and produce medicinal fungi with higher quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation or treatment of fungi, and particularly relates to a preparation method of medicinal fungus powder.
Background
The medicinal fungi refer to fungi with medicinal value and can be used for preventing and treating diseases. The medicinal fungi contain various compounds, including polysaccharides, mushrooms, champignon, skin, vitamins such as carotene, vitamins, etc., and bioactive substances such as inorganic ions of iron, zinc, germanium, selenium, etc. Phellinus igniarius and Ganoderma lucidum are rare medicinal fungi, and Phellinus igniarius contains not only macromolecules of polysaccharides and glycoproteins, but also flavonoids, such as small molecular compounds like morin, steroids and coumarins. The phellinus igniarius polysaccharide has various pharmacological activities, particularly has strong anticancer efficacy, has no toxic or side effect, and has high economic value. The chemical components of ganoderma lucidum are complex, and currently, the ganoderma lucidum contains polysaccharides (peptides), triterpenes, nucleosides, alkaloids, amino acids, trace elements and the like. Recorded in Ben Cao gang mu, Ganoderma has effects of nourishing and strengthening body, prolonging life, benefiting articulation, and treating deafness. In recent years, many phellinus igniarius and ganoderma lucidum related products including medicines and health products containing phellinus igniarius powder or ganoderma lucidum powder as a main component have appeared in the market.
The patent document with the publication number of CN108041585A relates to a preparation method of phellinus igniarius nutritional meal replacement powder; preparing Phellinus igniarius strains by liquid fermentation technology, inoculating the Phellinus igniarius strains on a solid culture medium consisting of corn, medlar, liquorice, cistanche and cynomorium songaricum, performing fermentation culture on Phellinus igniarius mycelia, breaking off the fermentation mycelia after fermentation is finished, drying, crushing by using an ultrafine crusher, pasteurizing, and bottling to prepare Phellinus igniarius nutritional meal replacement powder; corn and various substances used as both medicine and food are mixed and then inoculated into phellinus igniarius liquid strains for fermentation culture, the spawn running speed is high, the hypha activity is vigorous, not only can the inherent polysaccharide, flavone and other substances of phellinus igniarius be generated, but also the nutrient substances contained in the corn, the medlar, the liquorice, the cistanche and the cynomorium songaricum can be decomposed, the nutrition is easier to absorb, the granularity is small, the nutrient substances are easy to be absorbed by a human body, the effects of enhancing the immunity of the human body, resisting cancer and preventing aging can be achieved after the product.
Patent document No. CN107495108A discloses a ganoderma lucidum corn flour. The method specifically comprises the following steps: selecting common corn as a raw material, adding nutrient solution consisting of corn flour, white sugar and water into a culture container according to a certain amount, sterilizing, inoculating ganoderma lucidum liquid strains with uniform bacterium ball size and strong activity into a corn matrix in the culture container, finally culturing until the corn kernels are full of ganoderma lucidum mycelia, and drying and crushing to obtain the ganoderma lucidum corn flour. By applying biotechnology, Ganoderma mycelium is fused into corn kernel to convert common corn into health corn with rich nutrition, and the health corn is pulverized into powder to obtain Ganoderma corn flour which can be widely used in pharmacy, food processing, etc. The eating of the corn flour can supplement and protect health of people in daily eating, and the corn is greatly added with value.
A patent document with publication number CN105661484A discloses a production process of ganoderma lucidum mycelium powder, which relates to the field of ganoderma lucidum application and comprises the following steps: cleaning raw materials and preparing liquid strains, processing, mixing, bagging, sterilizing, cooling, inoculating, culturing mycelia, drying, crushing, seasoning, puffing, crushing and packaging, wherein 1) the preparation culture medium of the ganoderma lucidum bag culture medium is mainly prepared by processing raw materials such as corn, wheat, soybean and the like, bagging and sterilizing to prepare the culture medium suitable for growth of ganoderma lucidum mycelia. The main material of the culture medium material is corn, wheat or soybean mixed culture medium, the nutrition is rich, the starch content is high, the granules are large, the air permeability is good, the spawn running is fast, and by comparison, the bag can be filled with hyphae after 20 days of the corn culture medium. The culture material is composed of soybean, king rice, wheat and gypsum powder. The preparation method comprises the steps of preparing materials, bagging corn, wheat and soybean raw materials, cleaning, soaking, steaming and cooking without rotting. Cooling, adding gypsum and other auxiliary raw materials, namely bagging, using polypropylene bags, covering a lantern ring with 500g of dry materials in each bag, plugging a cover, soaking the polypropylene bags in liquid consisting of 20-30g of medlar, 20-30g of pipewort, 15-20g of semen cuscutae, 8-10g of pinellia ternate, 8-10g of tangerine seeds and 4-5 grains of scented tea, heating to 70 ℃, draining, burying in plant ash, scattering lime and pig manure, fermenting for 20 hours, and spraying mixed liquid to obtain the feed; the specific preparation of the mixed liquid comprises the steps of selecting 500-600g of lotus roots, adding the lotus roots into a tank filled with 20-25kg of water, cooking for 3 hours, taking 50-60g of white paeony roots and 10-20g of medlar, placing the white paeony roots and the medlar into the tank, continuing to cook for 1 hour, taking 60-70g of bleaching powder and 50-60g of gallnut, mixing, continuing to heat for 1 hour to obtain liquid, adding ammonium nitrate, wherein the proportion of the ammonium nitrate to the liquid is 1: 100-500; the sterilization and cooling of the culture medium which takes corn or wheat and soybean as raw materials are carried out by autoclaving, the sterilization is not easy to be thorough under normal pressure, generally under the pressure of 0.15MPa, the culture medium can be inoculated after being rapidly cooled. The invention has the advantages that: the process flow is simple and practical, the quality and the efficiency are high, the product is rich in nutrition, the starch content is high, the health care function is good, and the efficacy of the ganoderma lucidum powder is fully exerted.
Patent document No. CN103393094B discloses a method for preparing ganoderma lucidum mycelia tablet, which solves the technical problem of inconvenient eating of ganoderma lucidum mycelia powder in the prior art, and comprises the steps of preparing culture medium, activating strains, inoculating and culturing, drying, puffing, crushing, mixing, granulating and tabletting, wherein the step of preparing culture medium comprises the following steps: a: preparing a grain culture medium; b: preparing a slant culture medium; c: preparing a shake flask culture medium, wherein the step of preparing the culture medium comprises: a: preparing a grain culture medium, namely mixing wheat, corn, millet and soybean according to a mass part ratio of 1: 1.5-2: 0.6-1: 1-1.2, adding water until the water content is 35-40% by mass, subpackaging the mixture into fermentation bottles, and then carrying out high-temperature sterilization under the sterilization conditions: at the temperature of 121-123 ℃, for 40-60 min; after the sterilization is finished, when the temperature of the culture medium is reduced to 27-35 ℃, placing the culture medium into an aseptic inoculation chamber for inoculation; b: preparing a slant culture medium according to the mass percentage of 15-20% of glucose, 15-17% of soybean meal, 10-12% of corn flour, 10-13% of wheat flour, 0.3-0.8% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2-1% of magnesium sulfate, 3-5% of agar, 3-7% of peptone and the balance of sweet potato extract, adjusting the pH to 7.0, subpackaging the mixture into test tubes, uniformly mixing, performing high-temperature sterilization, and performing sterilization conditions: at the temperature of 121-123 ℃, for 40-60 min; taking out the test tube after sterilization is finished for 10-15 min, placing the test tube into an inclined plane, transferring an inclined plane culture medium into an incubator at 28-36 ℃ for constant-temperature culture for 18-20 h, and taking out the test tube for later use after aseptic colonies grow out; c: preparing a shake flask culture medium according to the mass percentage of 16-21% of glucose, 15-17% of soybean meal, 10-12% of corn flour, 10-13% of wheat flour, 0.3-0.8% of monopotassium phosphate, 0.2-1% of magnesium sulfate, 3-7% of peptone and the balance of sweet potato extract, wherein the pH value is 6.8-7.2, uniformly mixing, and then sterilizing at high temperature under the sterilization condition: at the temperature of 121-123 ℃, for 40-60 min; the preparation method of the sweet potato extracting solution comprises the following steps: cleaning sweet potato, peeling, decocting in water in a cooking pot, decocting until the sweet potato is eroded, filtering with gauze, and collecting the filtrate, i.e. sweet potato extractive solution. The invention can be widely used for processing the ganoderma lucidum mycelium slices.
The processing and application history of medicinal fungi including phellinus igniarius, ganoderma lucidum and the like is long, related production technologies are diversified, product types tend to be diversified, but the fermentation method of the medicinal fungi is single, the utilization rate of raw materials is low, the existing grain data situation is severe, considerable resources can be saved on the basis of higher output efficiency by utilizing the raw materials more efficiently, and the problem that thinking and solving are urgently needed when grain crops such as corn, flour and the like are used as the raw materials for producing the medicinal fungi at present is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for preparing medicinal fungus powder, so as to improve the utilization efficiency of raw materials and produce medicinal fungi with higher quality.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing medicinal fungus powder sequentially comprises processing raw materials, inoculating strains, culturing at controlled temperature, oven drying, pulverizing, processing and packaging,
the raw material treatment comprises the following steps:
1) extracting medicinal fungi with water to obtain medicinal fungus extractive solution;
2) adding the fermentation raw material of the medicinal fungus into the medicinal fungus extracting solution, and stewing until the fermentation raw material is well cooked;
3) and (4) airing and sterilizing the fermented raw materials which are cooked to be well cooked, and putting the fermented raw materials into an aseptic container for later use.
Preferably, the medicinal fungus in step 1) is phellinus igniarius or ganoderma lucidum.
Preferably, the fermentation raw material is a cereal raw material and is one or a composition of more than two of cereals and soybean pods.
Preferably, the temperature for extracting the medicinal fungi by adding water is 100-112 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature for sterilizing the fermentation raw materials is 125-130 ℃, and the time is 1.5-2 h.
Preferably, the strain inoculation is to inoculate phellinus igniarius or ganoderma lucidum mycelia into a sterile container and put the sterile container into an incubator for solid fermentation.
Preferably, the drying is performed by adopting a three-stage heating drying technology, wherein the temperature is kept at 40-50 ℃ for 15-25 minutes, the temperature is kept at 70-85 ℃ for 100-150 minutes, and the temperature is kept at 105-120 ℃ for 20-30 minutes.
The related prior art cited by the background technology can see that the current processing routes of the medicinal fungi are not very different, the production mode is single, and the purposes of optimizing the raw materials of the culture medium, optimizing and controlling the fermentation conditions and processing other more diversified products are all to improve the nutritive value of the medicinal fungi. Objectively, as the prices of the conventional raw materials including corn, flour, white sugar and the like are lower than the prices of the medicinal fungi, the technicians in the field rarely comprehensively measure the improvement of the nutritive value of the medicinal fungi from the aspect of the output ratio, so that the edible value of the medicinal fungi is improved, and the utilization rate of the raw materials and the product is maximized. At present, raw material types and proportions are optimized and fermentation process optimization is common, raw materials are mainly considered in the raw material optimization, one is the optimized combination of the existing raw materials, and the other is the search of new alternative raw materials to break through the limitation of the existing raw materials, but the two routes basically only pay attention to the inherent characteristics of the raw materials or only change of existing states, and need to be broken through.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the technical scheme, the medicinal fungi, particularly the phellinus igniarius or the ganoderma lucidum, are firstly added with water for extraction to obtain corresponding extracting solution, then the fermentation raw materials are put into the extracting solution and then are cooked until the raw materials are well cooked, the utilization rate of the raw materials can be increased by the principle processing method, the components in the medicinal fungus extracting solution are cooked, then are fused with the raw materials into a whole and are immersed into the raw materials, so that the nutritive value of the raw materials is higher, and the higher-quality raw materials are provided for the subsequent fermentation of the corresponding medicinal fungi. Meanwhile, the weight of the medicinal fungi used in the medicinal fungi extracting solution is very small compared with that of the fermentation raw materials, the cost is controllable, the medicinal fungi can be produced with high yield by fermenting the raw materials, the output increment is obviously higher than the amount of the medicinal fungi used in the raw material treatment, and the content of the active ingredients of the medicinal fungi is improved.
The preparation method of the medicinal fungus powder provides a simple and easy-to-operate scheme for obtaining higher-quality medicinal fungi, can be directly used for treating the traditional raw materials for fermenting the medicinal fungi, does not need to change the traditional medicinal fungus fermentation process, can realize the increase of the output of the medicinal fungi and the improvement of the quality of the medicinal fungi by the method disclosed by the invention, and the fermentation indicated here can be solid fermentation or liquid fermentation.
The raw material treatment method adopts a mode of cooking the raw materials and the medicinal fungus extract together, so that the utilization value of the raw materials is improved, the utilization rate of the raw materials is finally improved, and the content of active ingredients of the product is improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The invention provides a preparation method of medicinal fungus powder, which comprises the steps of raw material treatment, strain inoculation, temperature-controlled culture, drying, crushing, processing and packaging,
the raw material treatment comprises the following steps:
1) extracting medicinal fungi with water to obtain medicinal fungus extractive solution;
2) adding the fermentation raw material of the medicinal fungus into the medicinal fungus extracting solution, and stewing until the fermentation raw material is well cooked;
3) and (4) airing and sterilizing the fermented raw materials which are cooked to be well cooked, and putting the fermented raw materials into an aseptic container for later use.
In the invention, the fungus for traditional Chinese medicine in the step 1) is preferably phellinus igniarius or ganoderma lucidum, wherein the phellinus igniarius is mycelium of phellinus igniarius, and the ganoderma lucidum is mycelium of ganoderma lucidum; optionally crushing Phellinus Linteus or Ganoderma, and adopting Phellinus Linteus powder or Ganoderma powder. The Phellinus linteus is Phellinus linteus of Polyporaceae of Polyporales of Basidiomycetes of fungi; the Ganoderma is fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum or Ganoderma sinensis belonging to Polyporaceae.
In the present invention, the raw material is a cereal raw material, and is a composition of one or more of cereals and soybean pods. Wherein the cereal raw material is preferably semen Maydis, fructus Hordei vulgaris, semen Tritici Aestivi or herba Avenae Fatuae, and the bean and bean class is preferably semen glycines, semen Phaseoli Radiati, semen Phaseoli or semen Phaseoli vulgaris; combinations of two or more of the above materials may also be selected, for example, the ratio of cereal material to soybean protein may be selected from (1-5): 1, preferably, the raw materials can be a combination of corn and soybean, and the ratio of the corn to the soybean is (1-2): 1; the combination of wheat and kidney bean, the proportion of the two is (1-4): 1.
in the invention, the temperature for extracting the medicinal fungi by adding water is 100-112 ℃, and the medicinal fungi are steamed and boiled at the temperature to dissolve the active ingredients of the medicinal fungi to obtain the extracting solution, and the extracting solution does not need to be filtered. Preferably, the volume ratio of the added mass of the medicinal fungus to the water is 1: (3-6) g/l.
The fermentation raw materials are directly added into the extracting solution, the raw materials are continuously cooked until the raw materials are well cooked, the cooking temperature is preferably 100-112 ℃, the lower temperature is not easy to cook, the higher temperature obviously increases the destructiveness of the effective components, the raw materials are placed for a plurality of hours, such as 1-2 hours, after the cooking, the raw materials are filtered out, and the raw materials are aired in a ventilated and cool place.
In the invention, the temperature for sterilizing the fermentation raw materials is 125-130 ℃, and the time is 1.5-2 h. The step is to further sterilize the cooked raw materials to ensure the sterility of the fermentation raw materials.
In the invention, the strain inoculation is to inoculate the mycelium of the medicinal fungi into a sterile container and put the sterile container into an incubator for solid fermentation. The culture method of the fungus adopts a solid fermentation method, takes the treated raw material as a culture medium, and inoculates the mycelium of the corresponding medicinal fungus to carry out temperature-controlled culture fermentation. In specific embodiment, Phellinus linteus is cultured at 20-25 deg.C for 14-21 days, and the mycelium is matured at 20-25 deg.C for 7-14 days. For Ganoderma, the culture temperature is 25-32 deg.C, and the fermentation time is 5-6 hr.
In the invention, the drying adopts a three-stage heating drying technology, the temperature is kept at 40-50 ℃ for 15-25 minutes, the temperature is kept at 70-85 ℃ for 150 minutes, and the temperature is kept at 105-85 ℃ for 20-30 minutes. The invention combines the characteristics of the obtained medicinal fungus product and adopts a three-stage heating and drying technology, wherein the temperature of one stage is 40-50 ℃, the temperature of the medicinal fungus is gradually increased in the heating process of the stage, the medicinal fungus is kept for 15-25 minutes, the moisture attached to the surface of the medicinal fungus is slowly evaporated, and the better external properties of the medicinal fungus, such as sense organs and the like, can be kept; then the temperature is raised to 70-85 ℃, the water is largely evaporated, and the temperature is kept for 100-150 minutes, so that the whole water is relatively large and even close to complete evaporation; then the temperature is increased to 105 ℃ and 120 ℃, the residual moisture and the internal moisture in the product can be evaporated by continuously increasing the temperature, so that the product is in a fully dried state, and meanwhile, the product has good color and good sense, and lays a foundation for high-efficiency crushing, improvement of absorption performance and the like.
Taking phellinus igniarius as an example:
example 1
A preparation method of medicinal fungus powder sequentially comprises the steps of raw material treatment, strain inoculation, temperature-controlled culture, drying, crushing, processing and packaging, wherein:
the raw material treatment comprises the following steps:
1) adding water into phellinus igniarius for extraction to obtain a phellinus igniarius extracting solution, wherein the extraction temperature is 100 ℃, and the adding mass ratio of phellinus igniarius to water is 1: 3 g/l;
2) adding fermentation raw materials of Phellinus linteus into Phellinus linteus extractive solution, and steaming at 100 deg.C until the fermentation raw materials are well cooked, wherein the fermentation raw materials are semen Maydis;
3) airing and sterilizing the fermented raw materials which are cooked to be well done, wherein the sterilization temperature is 125 ℃, and the fermented raw materials are put into an aseptic container for 2 hours for standby;
the strain inoculation is to inoculate the mycelium of the phellinus igniarius to a fermentation raw material in a sterile container, the fermentation raw material is placed in an incubator to carry out solid fermentation, and the mycelium of the phellinus igniarius is prepared by taking phellinus igniarius as a strain to carry out artificial fermentation;
the temperature-controlled culture is to perform mycelium culture at 20 ℃, the mycelium grows over the whole container after 21 days, the mycelium after-ripening room temperature is controlled at 20 ℃, and the mycelium ripens after 10 days;
the drying is to dry the product obtained by solid fermentation by adopting a three-stage heating and drying technology, wherein the temperature is kept at 40 ℃ for 25 minutes, the temperature is kept at 70 ℃ for 150 minutes, and the temperature is kept at 105 ℃ for 30 minutes;
the crushing is to crush the dried product to obtain micro powder;
the processing and packaging are to pack the micro powder.
The Chinese medicine dictionary records: phellinus igniarius; the name is sang minister, sang Er (treatise on herb Property), Husun eye (unitary Yang ancient sacrificial utensil), and Phellinus igniarius (preliminary prescription for codification). The source of the "treatise on herb Property" is the fruiting body of the pinhole of Polyporaceae plant. The original morphism pileus is woody, flat hemispheroid or black-hoof-shaped, 2-12 multiplied by 3-21 cm thick, 1.5-10 cm thick, light liver brown to dark gray or black, is old and cracked, has no skin shell, fine villi at the initial stage, no hair at the later stage and concentric annular edges; the edge is blunt, the coffee color is light, and no sporophore exists on the lower side; the mushroom flesh is dark brown and is woody; the fungus tubes are multilayer, the layers are not obvious, and the old fungus tube layer is full of white hyphae; brown in pipe orifice; the spores are nearly spherical and smooth, and the particle size is 5-6 multiplied by 4-5 microns; hypha does not branch, has no transverse septum and has a diameter of 3-5 microns. The habitat is grown on trunk of poplar, willow, birch, oak, etc. Distributed in northeast, northwest, Sichuan and Yunnan provinces. The chemical components comprise agaricic acid 4% (mycelium does not contain agaricic acid), fatty acid, amino acid (mainly glycine and aspartic acid), oxalic acid, triterpenic acid, aromatic acid, ergosterol, and enzymes such as xylose oxidase, catalase, urease, esterase, sucrase, maltase, lactase, cellulase, etc. The pharmacological action of the agaricic acid has the effect of inhibiting sweat gland secretion, the agaricic acid is used for treating night sweat abroad, the action can be started within hours, the action can last for 24 hours, the dosage can not exceed 30 mg/time or 100 mg/day, and the agaricic acid generally needs to be continuously used for 1-5 days to obtain a better curative effect without side effects. Although the mechanism of action is studied, it is not fully elucidated and is not related to the vegetative nervous system. It does not inhibit salivary gland secretion. It is irritant to local area, and it can cause vomiting and diarrhea when orally taken in large amount, and it cannot be injected subcutaneously. It is reported that it has digitalis-like action, low concentration can excite smooth muscle, large dose can produce inhibition action, and toxic dose can cause firstly exciting and then paralyzing of blood vessel movement centre and respiratory centre in brain-extending.
Example 2
A preparation method of medicinal fungus powder sequentially comprises the steps of raw material treatment, strain inoculation, temperature-controlled culture, drying, crushing, processing and packaging, wherein:
the raw material treatment comprises the following steps:
1) adding water into phellinus igniarius for extraction to obtain phellinus igniarius extract, wherein the extraction temperature is 112 ℃, and the volume ratio of added phellinus igniarius mass to water is 1: 6 g/l;
2) adding fermentation raw material of Phellinus Linteus into Phellinus Linteus extractive solution, and steaming at 112 deg.C until the fermentation raw material is well cooked, wherein the fermentation raw material is herba Avenae Fatuae;
3) airing and sterilizing the fermented raw materials which are cooked to be well done, wherein the sterilization temperature is 130 ℃, and the time is 1.5h, and putting the fermented raw materials into an aseptic container for later use;
the strain inoculation is to inoculate the mycelium of the phellinus igniarius to a fermentation raw material in a sterile container, the fermentation raw material is placed in an incubator to carry out solid fermentation, and the mycelium of the phellinus igniarius is prepared by taking phellinus igniarius as a strain to carry out artificial fermentation;
the temperature-controlled culture is to perform mycelium culture at 25 ℃, the mycelium grows over the whole container after 14 days, the mycelium after-ripening room temperature is controlled at 25 ℃, and the mycelium matures after days;
the drying is to dry the product obtained by solid fermentation by adopting a three-section heating and drying technology, wherein the temperature is kept at 50 ℃ for 15 minutes, at 85 ℃ for 100 minutes, and at 120 ℃ for 20 minutes;
the crushing is to crush the dried product to obtain micro powder;
the processing and packaging are to pack the micro powder.
Example 3
A preparation method of medicinal fungus powder sequentially comprises the steps of raw material treatment, strain inoculation, temperature-controlled culture, drying, crushing, processing and packaging, wherein:
the raw material treatment comprises the following steps:
1) adding water into phellinus igniarius for extraction to obtain phellinus igniarius extract, wherein the extraction temperature is 105 ℃, and the volume ratio of added phellinus igniarius to water is 1: 4 g/l;
2) adding fermentation raw materials of phellinus igniarius into the phellinus igniarius extracting solution, and steaming and boiling at 105 ℃ until the fermentation raw materials are well cooked, wherein the fermentation raw materials comprise wheat and kidney beans in a ratio of 2: 1;
3) airing and sterilizing the fermented raw materials which are cooked to be well done, wherein the sterilization temperature is 128 ℃, and the sterilization time is 1.8h, and putting the fermented raw materials into an aseptic container for standby;
the strain inoculation is to inoculate the mycelium of the phellinus igniarius to a fermentation raw material in a sterile container, the fermentation raw material is placed in an incubator to carry out solid fermentation, and the mycelium of the phellinus igniarius is prepared by taking phellinus igniarius as a strain to carry out artificial fermentation;
the temperature-controlled culture is to perform mycelium culture at 23 ℃, the mycelium grows over the whole container after 18 days, the mycelium after-ripening room temperature is controlled at 23 ℃, and the mycelium is matured after 14 days;
the drying is to dry the product obtained by solid fermentation by adopting a three-section heating and drying technology, wherein the temperature is kept at 45 ℃ for 20 minutes, at 80 ℃ for 120 minutes, and at 110 ℃ for 25 minutes;
the crushing is to crush the dried product to obtain micro powder;
the processing and packaging are to pack the micro powder.
Example 4
A preparation method of medicinal fungus powder sequentially comprises the steps of raw material treatment, strain inoculation, temperature-controlled culture, drying, crushing, processing and packaging, wherein:
the raw material treatment comprises the following steps:
1) adding water into phellinus igniarius for extraction to obtain phellinus igniarius extract, wherein the extraction temperature is 110 ℃, and the volume ratio of added phellinus igniarius mass to water is 1: 5 g/l;
2) adding fermentation raw materials of Phellinus linteus into Phellinus linteus extractive solution, and steaming at 110 deg.C until the fermentation raw materials are well cooked, wherein the fermentation raw materials are semen Phaseoli Radiati;
3) airing and sterilizing the fermented raw materials which are cooked to be well done, wherein the sterilization temperature is 126 ℃, and the sterilization time is 1.6 hours;
the strain inoculation is to inoculate the mycelium of the phellinus igniarius to a fermentation raw material in a sterile container, the fermentation raw material is placed in an incubator to carry out solid fermentation, and the mycelium of the phellinus igniarius is prepared by taking phellinus igniarius as a strain to carry out artificial fermentation;
the temperature-controlled culture is carried out at 22 deg.C, the container is full of mycelia after 15 days, the temperature of mycelia after-ripening is controlled at 22 deg.C, and mycelia are matured after 12 days;
the drying is to dry the product obtained by solid fermentation by adopting a three-stage heating and drying technology, wherein the temperature is kept at 42 ℃ for 23 minutes, at 75 ℃ for 130 minutes, and at 115 ℃ for 28 minutes;
the crushing is to crush the dried product to obtain micro powder;
the processing and packaging are to pack the micro powder.
The following examples take ganoderma lucidum as an example:
example 5
A preparation method of medicinal fungus powder sequentially comprises the steps of raw material treatment, strain inoculation, temperature-controlled culture, drying, crushing, processing and packaging, wherein:
the raw material treatment comprises the following steps:
1) adding water into ganoderma lucidum to extract ganoderma lucidum extract, wherein the extraction temperature is 105 ℃, and the adding mass ratio of the ganoderma lucidum to the volume of the water is 1: 4 g/l;
2) adding Ganoderma fermentation raw material into Ganoderma extractive solution, steaming at 105 deg.C until the fermentation raw material is cooked thoroughly, wherein the fermentation raw material is fructus Hordei vulgaris;
3) airing and sterilizing the fermented raw materials which are cooked to be well done, wherein the sterilization temperature is 125 ℃, and the fermented raw materials are put into an aseptic container for 2 hours for standby;
the strain inoculation is to inoculate the mycelium of the ganoderma lucidum to the fermentation raw material in a sterile container, put the fermentation raw material into an incubator to carry out solid fermentation, and the mycelium of the ganoderma lucidum is prepared by taking the ganoderma lucidum as the strain to carry out artificial fermentation;
the temperature-controlled culture is carried out at 22 deg.C, the container is full of mycelia after 20 days, the temperature of mycelia after-ripening is controlled at 23 deg.C, and mycelia are matured after 12 days;
the drying is to dry the product obtained by solid fermentation by adopting a three-stage heating and drying technology, wherein the temperature is kept at 45 ℃ for 20 minutes, the temperature is kept at 82 ℃ for 120 minutes, and the temperature is kept at 115 ℃ for 23 minutes;
the crushing is to crush the dried product to obtain micro powder;
the processing and packaging are to pack the micro powder.
The Chinese medicine dictionary records Ganoderma, namely Ganoderma lucidum, Ganoderma atrum, Ganoderma lucidum, Tengniansu mushroom and Ganoderma lucidum, and the source is fruiting body of Ganoderma lucidum of Polyporaceae. Collected all the year round, dried in the shade or in the sun. The original morphic pileus suberin is kidney-shaped, reddish brown, reddish purple or dark purple, has paint-like luster, has annular ribs and radial wrinkles, and has large size and form variation, the pileus of a large individual is 20 multiplied by 10cm, the thickness is about 2cm, the common individual is 4 multiplied by 3cm, the thickness is 0.5-1 cm, countless small holes are arranged below the pileus, the pipe orifice is white or light brown, 4-5 in each millimeter, the pipe orifice is circular, the inner wall is a sporophore layer, and spores are generated at the top end of a basilar. Stipe is lateral, rarely partial, growing longer than pileus diameter, purple brown to black, varnish-like luster, hard. The spore is oval, 8-11 multiplied by 7cm, has two layers of walls, brown inner wall, small warts on the surface and transparent and colorless outer wall. Habitat is mostly grown beside wood piles of broad-leaved trees in woods in summer and autumn, or on wood, standing wood and inverted wood, and sometimes grown on conifers, and cultivation is performed. Produced in Anhui, Jiangxi, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi.
Example 6
A preparation method of medicinal fungus powder sequentially comprises the steps of raw material treatment, strain inoculation, temperature-controlled culture, drying, crushing, processing and packaging, wherein:
the raw material treatment comprises the following steps:
1) adding water into ganoderma lucidum to extract ganoderma lucidum extract, wherein the extraction temperature is 110 ℃, and the adding mass of the ganoderma lucidum to the volume ratio of water is 1: 5 g/l;
2) adding Ganoderma fermentation raw material into Ganoderma extractive solution, steaming at 110 deg.C until the fermentation raw material is cooked thoroughly, wherein the fermentation raw material is semen Phaseoli;
3) airing and sterilizing the fermented raw materials which are cooked to be well done, putting the fermented raw materials into an aseptic container for standby application at the temperature of 130 ℃ for 1.8 h;
the strain inoculation is to inoculate the mycelium of the ganoderma lucidum to the fermentation raw material in a sterile container, put the fermentation raw material into an incubator to carry out solid fermentation, and the mycelium of the ganoderma lucidum is prepared by taking the ganoderma lucidum as the strain to carry out artificial fermentation;
the temperature-controlled culture is to perform mycelium culture at 25 ℃, the mycelium grows over the whole container after 14 days, the mycelium after-ripening room temperature is controlled at 20 ℃, and the mycelium ripens after 10 days;
the drying is to dry the product obtained by solid fermentation by adopting a three-section heating and drying technology, wherein the temperature is kept at 50 ℃ for 25 minutes, the temperature is kept at 75 ℃ for 150 minutes, and the temperature is kept at 105 ℃ for 25 minutes;
the crushing is to crush the dried product to obtain micro powder;
the processing and packaging are to pack the micro powder.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is essentially the same as example 1, except that:
the raw material treatment comprises the following steps:
1) adding water into the fermentation raw material, and steaming at 100 ℃ until the fermentation raw material is well cooked, wherein the fermentation raw material is corn;
3) drying the fermented raw materials cooked thoroughly, sterilizing at 125 deg.C for 2 hr, and placing into sterile container.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is essentially the same as example 1, except that:
and the drying is to dry the product obtained by solid fermentation and preserve heat at 105 ℃ for 200 minutes.
The Phellinus linteus obtained in example 1 and comparative examples 1-2 were subjected to the following composition tests.
1. Pretreatment
1) Extraction of polysaccharides
Weighing 5g of fruiting body powder respectively, adding 150mL of distilled water, uniformly mixing, performing reflux extraction at 90 ℃, frequently stirring during the reflux extraction, taking out after 3h, cooling, centrifuging at 6000r/min for 15min, taking supernate, repeatedly extracting a precipitate twice, combining the supernate, performing rotary vacuum concentration to 1/10 of the original volume, adding absolute ethyl alcohol until the final volume fraction reaches 80%, standing overnight, and collecting the precipitate; washing with absolute ethanol and acetone, and freeze drying to obtain crude polysaccharide powder.
2) Extraction of flavone
Respectively weighing 5g of fruiting body powder, adding 70mL of 70% ethanol solution by volume fraction, reflux-extracting at 50 deg.C for 4 times, mixing the supernatants, vacuum-filtering to remove impurities, rotary vacuum-concentrating, recovering ethanol, and freeze-drying to obtain flavone extract powder.
3) Extraction of triterpenes
Weighing 5g of fruiting body powder respectively, adding 50mL of absolute ethyl alcohol, reflux extracting at 80 deg.C for 3 times, mixing the supernatants, vacuum filtering to remove impurities, rotary vacuum concentrating, recovering ethanol, and freeze drying to obtain triterpene extract powder.
2. Measurement index
1) Determination of polysaccharide content
Taking a certain amount of dried crude polysaccharide, fixing the volume to a certain volume by using distilled water, measuring the content of the polysaccharide by using a phenol-sulfuric acid method (Zhangjie. sugar complex biochemical research technology [ M ]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang university press, 1994:13-14.), and drawing a standard curve by using glucose as a standard substance.
2) Measurement of flavone content
Dissolving a certain amount of dried flavone extract with methanol, and diluting to a certain volume with NaNO2-Al(NO3) Colorimetric method (He illumination, Zhan Diqing health food chemistry and its detection technology [ M]Beijing, China light industry Press, 1996, 125-.
3) Determination of Total triterpene content
Taking a certain amount of dried triterpene extract, using ethyl acetate to fix the volume to a certain volume, adopting glacial acetic acid-vanillin spectrophotometry (Jiangsaolin, Jiangsaomei, Church Cong. spectrophotometry) to quickly determine the content of total triterpene in the ganoderma [ J ]. the university of Jiangxi agriculture, proceedings 2006,28(4):634 and 636.), and drawing a standard curve by taking ursolic acid as a standard substance.
3. The result of the detection
The contents of polysaccharide, flavone and triterpene in different Phellinus linteus micropowder
| Item | Content of polysaccharide/%) | Content of flavone/%) | Total triterpene content/%) |
| Example 1 | 2.47 | 3.16 | 1.35 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1.75 | 2.43 | 0.92 |
| Comparative example 2 | 2.01 | 2.71 | 1.01 |
Comparing the contents of polysaccharide, flavone and total triterpene in 3 different Phellinus linteus fruiting bodies, the contents of effective components in Phellinus linteus fruiting bodies obtained by different preparation methods are found to have larger difference.
The results show that the improvement of the raw material pretreatment mode can improve the content of the effective components in the phellinus igniarius powder, and the combination of the drying process enables the content of the effective components in the phellinus igniarius powder to be more advantageous.
Although specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the specific embodiments described are illustrative only and are not limiting upon the scope of the invention, and that equivalent modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, which is to be limited only by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of medicinal fungus powder sequentially comprises the steps of raw material treatment, strain inoculation, temperature-controlled culture, drying, crushing, processing and packaging, and is characterized in that:
the raw material treatment comprises the following steps:
1) extracting medicinal fungi with water to obtain medicinal fungus extractive solution;
2) adding the fermentation raw material of the medicinal fungus into the medicinal fungus extracting solution, and stewing until the fermentation raw material is well cooked;
3) and (4) airing and sterilizing the fermented raw materials which are cooked to be well cooked, and putting the fermented raw materials into an aseptic container for later use.
2. The method for preparing a medicinal fungal powder according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the medicinal fungus in the step 1) is phellinus igniarius or ganoderma lucidum.
3. The method for preparing a medicinal fungal powder according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the fermentation raw material is grain raw material, and is one or more of cereal and soybean pod.
4. The method for preparing a medicinal fungal powder according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the temperature for extracting the medicinal fungi by adding water is 100-112 ℃.
5. The method for preparing a medicinal fungal powder according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the temperature for sterilizing the fermentation raw materials is 125-130 ℃, and the time is 1.5-2 h.
6. The method for preparing a medicinal fungal powder according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the strain inoculation is to inoculate phellinus igniarius or ganoderma lucidum mycelia into a sterile container and put the sterile container into an incubator for solid fermentation.
7. The method for preparing a medicinal fungal powder according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the drying is carried out by adopting a three-stage heating drying technology, wherein the temperature is kept at 40-50 ℃ for 15-25 minutes, the temperature is kept at 70-85 ℃ for 150 minutes, and the temperature is kept at 105-120 ℃ for 20-30 minutes.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011526628.7A CN112569265A (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Preparation method of medicinal fungus powder |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011526628.7A CN112569265A (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Preparation method of medicinal fungus powder |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112569265A true CN112569265A (en) | 2021-03-30 |
Family
ID=75138803
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011526628.7A Pending CN112569265A (en) | 2020-12-22 | 2020-12-22 | Preparation method of medicinal fungus powder |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112569265A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113999777A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-02-01 | 东莞市英芝堂生物工程有限公司 | Ganoderma sinensis with high polysaccharide yield and fermentation production process thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102599481A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2012-07-25 | 杨毅 | Method for preparing solid fermentation mixed edible medicinal fungus sporocarp |
-
2020
- 2020-12-22 CN CN202011526628.7A patent/CN112569265A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102599481A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2012-07-25 | 杨毅 | Method for preparing solid fermentation mixed edible medicinal fungus sporocarp |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 杨海龙等: ""中药提取液对灵芝深层发酵的影响"", 《微生物学报》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113999777A (en) * | 2021-12-13 | 2022-02-01 | 东莞市英芝堂生物工程有限公司 | Ganoderma sinensis with high polysaccharide yield and fermentation production process thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR20110104278A (en) | Manufacturing method of fermented materials using wax gourd and functional food of thereof manufacturing | |
| KR101482873B1 (en) | Fermentation metabolite of Dendropanax morbiferus produced by liquid-state fermentation and manufacturaring process for the same | |
| CN107624513A (en) | It is a kind of rich in the edible and medical fungi cultural hypha method of polysaccharide and application | |
| CN104784261A (en) | Cistanche enzyme and preparation process thereof | |
| CN116064685B (en) | Preparation process and application of eurotium cristatum fermented edible traditional Chinese medicine | |
| CN105995489A (en) | Edible mushroom fermented corn flour and corn product | |
| CN108307927B (en) | Cultivation method of ramulus mori pleurotus geesteranus | |
| CN104429622B (en) | A kind of Folium Ginkgo produces the method for shiitake mushroom hypha | |
| CN108260475A (en) | A kind of liquid spawn and its fermentation process | |
| CN112569265A (en) | Preparation method of medicinal fungus powder | |
| KR100844980B1 (en) | Method of producing a Healthy Mulberry Leaf Food by culture of Mushroom Mycelia | |
| CN109619569A (en) | A kind of fig compound health ferment and preparation method thereof | |
| KR102580526B1 (en) | Method of Preparing Soybean Fermented Mycelium | |
| CN102584363B (en) | Method for producing medical mycelium or medical and edible dual-purpose mycelium by using yellow wine lees as liquid medium | |
| CN104982219B (en) | The pleurotus eryngii liquid strain and its fermentation process that a kind of mycelium pellet is evenly distributed | |
| CN112825732A (en) | Cultivation method of Firmiana hirsuta | |
| CN106083277A (en) | A kind of Auricularia polytricha (Mout) Sacc. cultivation matrix and preparation method thereof | |
| CN112772833A (en) | Red rice coarse cereals and method for making red rice fermented solid vinegar product | |
| KR101289970B1 (en) | A method of manufacturing rice wine containing β-glucan and the rice wine by the method | |
| CN105543111B (en) | Aweto mycelium plate method and solid medium used based on food materials | |
| CN101006856A (en) | Sterilization method of ganderoma lucium spores powder and ganderoma lucidum fruitbody | |
| KR20170025300A (en) | Manufacturing method of soybean paste using ginseng extract and soybean paste thereof | |
| JP3373821B2 (en) | Mushroom composition for eating and drinking and method for producing the same | |
| KR101797663B1 (en) | Method for manufacturing of solid phase fermented herbal composition by cordyceps | |
| CN1362010A (en) | asafetida mushroom culturing process |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20210330 |