CN108401730A - A kind of submerged plant Quick throwing implantation methods and the planting container of use - Google Patents
A kind of submerged plant Quick throwing implantation methods and the planting container of use Download PDFInfo
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- CN108401730A CN108401730A CN201810154867.0A CN201810154867A CN108401730A CN 108401730 A CN108401730 A CN 108401730A CN 201810154867 A CN201810154867 A CN 201810154867A CN 108401730 A CN108401730 A CN 108401730A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/029—Receptacles for seedlings
- A01G9/0291—Planting receptacles specially adapted for remaining in the soil after planting
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- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention " a kind of submerged plant Quick throwing implantation methods and the planting container of use ", it is the hollow cylinder with upper bottom surface, bottom surface and side wall to be related to planting container described in submerged plant cultivation technology；Wherein upper bottom surface diameter is less than the diameter of bottom surface, and the upper position of the side wall installs and is equipped at least one opening, is used as submerged plant plant extending port.For jettisoninging, method cultivates submerged plant, and survival rate is up to 85%；Container degradation rate reaches 75%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of submerged plant cultivation technology, especially a kind of submerged plant Quick throwing implantation methods and adopt
Planting container.
Background technology
Submerged plant is the important component of lake ecosystem, is not only important primary producer or water ring
The important attemperator in border, it is especially indispensable in terms of the visibility and Landscape construction for adjusting water body.Due to being grown on the bottom,
Cultural method is different from conventional plant, and to the operability of cultural method, survival rate, to safeguard economy etc. more demanding.
The implantation methods of submerged plant mainly have artificial planting method, pincers hydroponics and throw hydroponics at present：
1. manual inseminating's method is that water body pumping is down to 20cm once, by artificial growth, this method one side construction cost
It is too high and limited too many, for example, if bed mud is too deep or bed mud has sharp sundries in the case of, difficulty of construction is very high；Water body
In the case of deeper, reduce water level and be easy to cause the setting of ground of riverbank periphery, damage surrounding building.
It is to clamp heavy water plant using plantation pincers to be inserted into mud, since the bottom can not be seen clearly, for bed mud feelings 2. clamping hydroponics
Condition can not judge that plant is not easy in safe insertion bed mud, is easy to float up, plant fixing rate is too low.
3. throw hydroponics, be to be thrown into water after plant root is wrapped up with ooze, the weight using ooze be plant upward, and
And sink to the bottom, grow a period of time after, submerged plant root stretch into bed mud this.But the method is in order to ensure heavy water effect, root
The ooze of portion's package must wrap up very tight, and such package is easy to cause rotten of anoxic, and therefore, survival rate is still very low.
Existing three kinds of methods are compared, and generally speaking, are thrown hydroponics and are all more convenient, are limited more than first two method in all respects
It is small, but survival rate is too low, therefore urgently further research and development, the operability that survival rate higher is provided, does not cause environmental pollution
Preferably throw cultivation technology.
Invention content
The present invention is based on the demand in above-mentioned field, provide a kind of submerged plant Quick throwing planting bag and its planting matrix and
Preparation method, wherein design includes planting bag material therefor, size, form etc., and planting matrix includes peat, microbial bacteria
Agent, nutrient formulation etc..Specifically, technical solution provided by the invention is as follows：
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of planting container for method kind planting submerged plant of jettisoninging, which is characterized in that described
Planting container is the hollow cylinder with upper bottom surface, bottom surface and side wall；
Wherein upper bottom surface diameter is less than the diameter of bottom surface, and the upper position of the side wall installs and is equipped at least one open
Mouthful, it is used as submerged plant plant extending port.The planting container that the present invention designs, up-small and down-big shape, it can be ensured that bottom weight
Top is light, and during jettisoninging heavy water, the overwhelming majority can be erected bottom, be conducive to normal plants；Opening is arranged in side
Face can increase the plant capacity in each container, while plantling is unlikely to excessively crowded；Be conducive to planting container quickly to divide
Solution.
Preferably, the upper bottom surface, bottom surface and side wall are made of biodegradable material, preferably poly terephthalic acid
Glycol ester.The pollution to water body is reduced, after a period of time, becomes small organic molecule via microorganism decomposition.
Preferably, the opening is multiple, is distributed in evenly and at intervals centered on the axle center of the hollow cylinder described
On side wall.
Preferably, on the outer wall of the planting container, microorganism intermixture paste layer, the microorganism intermixture patch are attached with
Layer includes phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and/or Comamonas testosteroni.It is preferred that the ratios such as phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria
Example addition.The present invention preferably by adhering to one layer of microorganism intermixture on the outer wall of planting container, promotes point of planting container
Solution；Simultaneously nutrition improvement is provided for water body；The present invention selects " phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and/or C testosteroni unit cell
Bacterium " forms the microorganism intermixture.
Preferably, on the inner wall of the planting container, microorganism intermixture paste layer, the microorganism intermixture packet are attached with
Containing phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and/or Comamonas testosteroni.The present invention is preferred, by the inner wall of planting container
Adhere to one layer of microorganism intermixture, promotes the decomposition of planting container；By loading base in microorganism and plant root and container
The interaction of matter improves the nutrition of submerged plant in container.
Preferably, the microorganism intermixture after being mixed with sodium alginate by being adhered fixed in the inner wall or/or outer
On wall.The microorganism intermixture that adheres on the inner wall and/or outer wall of the planting container of the present invention, can also by inner wall or/
There is ventilative nethike embrane with increasing by one layer on outer wall, it will be in interlayer of the microorganism intermixture addition between nethike embrane and outer wall.
Preferably, the cell density of the microorganism intermixture is 4,000,000,000/g；Sodium alginate and microorganism intermixture weight
Than for 3~4g:1~2g.It is bonded on the planting container inner wall and/or outer wall by sodium alginate；Additive amount presses micro- life
Object intermixture is calculated as each container 1-3g.
It is preferred that the height of the opening is 5~8cm, width is 3~6cm.
It is preferred that the opening is 4, it is equidistant to be symmetrically distributed in the side.
It is preferred that the height of the planting container is 15~25cm, the diameter proportion of bottom surface and upper bottom surface is 2:1, bottom surface
Diameter is between 5~10cm.
Many experimental example data that inventor carries out show that the planting container of above-mentioned preferred size is more advantageous in jettisoninging
Plant survives so that when the microorganism intermixture 1-3g of each container addition, the microorganism that is adhered on chamber wall every square centimeter
The amount of intermixture is suitable, such as in most cases reaches 5-15mg, and adhesive thickness is suitable, wherein the nutrition improvement added is micro-
Biology can enter to Continuous slow release in the filling substrate of container participate in plant growth metabolism improving plant substrates nutrient accumulation,
It decomposes and absorbs, ensure the survival rate and viability of plant, realize water body purification；Ensure adhesion time on the wall simultaneously
Make planting container successful decomposition in the given time enough, avoids polluting water body.
Preferably, the planting container side wall inner surfaces are labeled with marking line, are used to indicate the depth that bottom loads object.
It is preferred that being to be detachably connected between the upper bottom surface and the side.Convenient for loading matrix and plantation seedling.
The contribution of another aspect of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation process of degradable planting container, which is characterized in that
Include the following steps：
(1) plantation that biodegradable material prepares the hollow cylinder shape with upper bottom surface, bottom surface and side wall is used to hold
Device ontology；Wherein upper bottom surface diameter is less than the diameter of bottom surface, and installs at least one open in the upper position of the side wall
Mouthful, it is used as submerged plant plant extending port；
(2) on the inner wall and/or outer wall of the planting container ontology, microorganism intermixture, the microorganism are stained with
Intermixture includes phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and/or Comamonas testosteroni；
It is preferred that by the way that microorganism intermixture to be blended in sodium alginate, the weight ratio of sodium alginate and microorganism intermixture
It is 3~4:1~2；It is bonded on the planting container inner wall and/or outer wall by sodium alginate；Additive amount is mixed by microorganism
Mixture is calculated as each container 1-3g；
Preferably, the opening is multiple, is distributed in evenly and at intervals centered on the axle center of the hollow cylinder described
On side wall；
It is preferred that the height of the opening is set as 5~8cm, width is 3~6cm.
It is preferred that the opening is set as 4, it is equidistant to be symmetrically distributed in the side；
It is preferred that the height of the planting container is set as 15~25cm, the diameter proportion of bottom surface and upper bottom surface is 2:1, under
Basal diameter is between 5~10cm；
Preferably, marking line is set in the planting container side wall inner surfaces, is used to indicate and loads weight proportion base in bottom
The depth of matter.
It is preferred that being to be detachably connected between the upper bottom surface and the side.Convenient for loading matrix and plantation seedling.
The contribution of further aspect of the present invention is to provide a kind of submerged plant and jettisonings planting method, it is characterised in that：
(1) in any planting containers of claim 1-7, the larger matrix of upper proportion is loaded in bottom,
The preferably zeolite of 0.3~0.5cm；Lightweight matrix, preferably peat soil or common plantation are loaded thereon；
(2) submerged plant kind seed is entered in the matrix in planting container, is compacted；
(3) it puts into predetermined waters.
Preferably, in the filling object in the planting container in be mixed with microorganism and mix agent, the microorganism mixes agent
It is made of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and/or Comamonas testosteroni；The adding proportion of Comamonas testosteroni is
Every kilogram loads object and adds 20g~25g；Phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria adding proportion be respectively every kilogram load object addition
10g~20g/kg.
To sum up, the present invention provides one kind and jettisonings planting container, unique design has all been carried out from structure to material, according to this hair
Bright experimental example, planting container and planting method using the present invention, statistics display, submerged plant planting survival rate 85% with
Above, it jettisonings in 120 days or more time, planting container degradation rate is 78% or more.
Description of the drawings
The planting container of Fig. 1 present invention is jettisoninged heavy water schematic diagram；
The planting container structural schematic diagram of Fig. 2 present invention；
The planting container structural schematic diagram of Fig. 3 present invention, wherein there is microorganism intermixture paste layer on outer wall；
Wherein 1- upper bottom surfaces, 2- are open, 3- marking lines, 4- side walls, microorganism intermixture paste layer on 5- outer walls, the bottoms 6-
Face.
Specific implementation mode
Illustrate the present invention below by way of attached drawing, specific implementation mode and experimental example.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of planting container for method kind planting submerged plant of jettisoninging provided by the invention,
It is characterized in that, the planting container is the hollow cylinder with upper bottom surface 1, bottom surface 6 and side wall 4；Wherein upper bottom
Face diameter is less than the diameter of bottom surface, and the upper position of the side wall installs and is equipped at least one opening 2, is used as heavy water
Plant extending port.
Preferably, the upper bottom surface, bottom surface and side wall are made of biodegradable material, it is preferred to use poly- to benzene two
Formic acid glycol ester is made.
Preferably, on the outer wall of the planting container, microorganism intermixture paste layer 5, the microorganism intermixture are attached with
Paste layer includes phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and/or Comamonas testosteroni.It is preferred that phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and
The adding proportion of Comamonas testosteroni is 1:1:1:2~2.5.
Preferably, on the inner wall of the planting container, microorganism intermixture paste layer, the microorganism intermixture are attached with
Including phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and/or Comamonas testosteroni.
Preferably, the microorganism intermixture is adhered fixed by sodium alginate on the inner wall or/or outer wall.
Preferably, the cell density of the microorganism intermixture is 4,000,000,000/g.Additive amount is calculated as by microorganism intermixture
Each container 1-3g.
Preferably, the opening is multiple, is distributed in evenly and at intervals centered on the axle center of the hollow cylinder described
On side wall；
It is preferred that the height of the opening is 5~8cm, width is 3~6cm.
It is preferred that the opening is 4, it is equidistant to be symmetrically distributed in the side；
It is preferred that the height of the planting container is 15~25cm, the diameter proportion of bottom surface and upper bottom surface is 2:1, bottom surface
Diameter is between 5~10cm；
Preferably, the planting container side wall inner surfaces are labeled with marking line 3, are used to indicate the depth that bottom loads object.
Preferably, it is to be detachably connected between the upper bottom surface and the side.It, can convenient for loading matrix and plantation seedling
Dismantling connection can be threaded connection or lace-tied type connection.
The preparation process of the degradable planting container of preparation method embodiment
Raw material：Sodium alginate is a kind of natural polysaccharide, is purchased from Run Long marine organisms Products Co., Ltd of Yantai City
Planting container ontology raw material；Polyethylene terephthalate, abbreviation PET, chemical formula are that chemical formula is
COC6H4COOCH2CH2O is bought from Dongguan City Ye Hong plastic materials Co., Ltd.
Microorganism：
Comamonas testosteroni, http://www.cgmcc.net/, in China General Microbiological culture presevation management
The heart：Pulvis；Bacterium numbering 1.10624；
Phosphate solubilizing bacteria；Source http://www.accc.org.cn/ Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collections administrative center pulvis；
Bacterium numbering ACCC 01436
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria：http://www.cgmcc.net/, China General Microbiological culture presevation administrative center：Pulvis；Strain
Number 1.502
Potassium solubilizing bacteria：Source http://www.accc.org.cn/ Chinese agriculture Microbiological Culture Collections administrative center pulvis；
Bacterium numbering ACCC 01442
Preparation process：
(1) biodegradable material is used to prepare the plantation of the hollow cylinder shape with upper bottom surface 1, bottom surface 6 and side wall 4
Vessel；Wherein upper bottom surface diameter is less than the diameter of bottom surface, and installs in the upper position of the side wall at least one
Opening 2 is used as submerged plant plant extending port；
(2) on the inner wall and/or outer wall of the planting container ontology, adhesion of microorganisms intermixture, the microorganism mixes
Mixture includes phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and/or Comamonas testosteroni；Operation is as follows：
Microorganism intermixture is blended in sodium alginate, the weight ratio of sodium alginate and microorganism intermixture is 3~4:1
~2；It is bonded on the planting container inner wall and/or outer wall by sodium alginate；Additive amount is calculated by microorganism intermixture
1-3g is used for each container；
In some preferred embodiments, it is described opening be it is multiple, centered on the axle center of the hollow cylinder evenly and at intervals
It is distributed on the side wall；
In some preferred embodiments, the height of the opening is set as 5~8cm, and width is 3~6cm；
In some preferred embodiments, the opening is set as 4, equidistant to be symmetrically distributed in the side；
In some preferred embodiments, the height of the planting container is set as 15~25cm, bottom surface and upper bottom surface it is straight
Diameter ratio is 2:1, bottom surface diameter is between 5~10cm；In these embodiments, microorganism intermixture is blended in alginic acid
In sodium, the weight ratio of sodium alginate and microorganism intermixture is 3~4:1~2；It is bonded in the planting container by sodium alginate
On inner wall and/or outer wall；Additive amount is calculated as each container 1-3g by microorganism intermixture, big in these size ranges
In most containers, the microorganism intermixture of addition is between 5-15mg every square centimeter.
In some preferred embodiments, marking line is set in the planting container side wall inner surfaces, is used to indicate bottom filling
The depth of object.
It is to be detachably connected in some preferred embodiments, between the upper bottom surface and the side.Convenient for load matrix and
Plant seedling.
Application Example：Submerged plant based on above-mentioned planting container is jettisoninged planting method
(1) in any of the above-described planting container, the larger matrix of upper proportion is loaded in bottom, is in preferred embodiment
The zeolite of 0.3~0.5cm grain sizes；Lightweight matrix, preferably peat soil or common planting soil are loaded thereon；
(2) submerged plant seedling is planted (for the seedling of 5~10cm height) in the matrix in planting container；
(3) it jettisonings in predetermined waters.
In some preferred embodiments, it is mixed with microorganism in loading object and mixes agent, the microorganism mixes agent by phosphorus decomposing
Bacterium, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and/or Comamonas testosteroni composition；The adding proportion of Comamonas testosteroni is every kilogram
It loads object and adds 20g~25g；Phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria adding proportion be respectively every kilogram load object addition 10g~
20g/kg；The density of various microorganisms is 4,000,000,000/g.
It is suitble to the submerged plant of planting container of the present invention to include but not limited to：Short raw eel grass, black algae, waterweed, water caltrop.
According to the data for being derived from experimental example, planting container using the present invention, submerged plant planting statistics survival rate exists
85% or more；
It jettisonings to after water-bed 120 days, 78% or more cup body degradation rate.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of planting container for method kind planting submerged plant of jettisoninging, which is characterized in that
The planting container is the hollow cylinder with upper bottom surface, bottom surface and side wall；
Wherein upper bottom surface diameter is less than the diameter of bottom surface, and the upper position of the side wall installs and is equipped at least one opening,
As submerged plant plant extending port.
2. planting container according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the upper bottom surface, bottom surface and side wall are using biology
Degradation material is made, preferably polyethylene terephthalate.
3. planting container according to claim 1, which is characterized in that on the outer wall of the planting container, be attached with micro- life
Object intermixture paste layer, the microorganism intermixture paste layer include phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and/or C testosteroni unit cell
Bacterium；It is preferred that phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the addition of potassium solubilizing bacteria equal proportion.
4. according to any planting containers of claim 1-3, which is characterized in that on the inner wall of the planting container, attachment
It includes phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and/or C testosteroni list to have microorganism intermixture paste layer, the microorganism intermixture
Born of the same parents bacterium.
5. planting container according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the microorganism intermixture is bonded by sodium alginate
It is fixed on the inner wall or/or outer wall.
6. planting container according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the cell density of the microorganism intermixture is 40
Hundred million/g；Sodium alginate and microorganism intermixture weight ratio are 3~4g:1~2g；Additive amount is calculated as each by microorganism intermixture
Container 1-3g.
7. according to any planting containers of claim 1-6, which is characterized in that the opening is multiple, with described hollow
It is distributed in evenly and at intervals on the side wall centered on the axle center of cylinder；
It is preferred that the height of the opening is 5~8cm, width is 3~6cm；
It is preferred that the opening is 4, it is equidistant to be symmetrically distributed in the side；
It is preferred that the height of the planting container is 15~25cm, the diameter proportion of bottom surface and upper bottom surface is 2:1, bottom surface diameter
Between 5~10cm.
Preferably, the planting container side wall inner surfaces are labeled with marking line, are used to indicate the depth that bottom loads object；
It is preferred that being to be detachably connected between the upper bottom surface and the side.
8. a kind of preparation process of degradable planting container, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
(1) biodegradable material is used to prepare the planting container sheet of the hollow cylinder shape with upper bottom surface, bottom surface and side wall
Body；Wherein upper bottom surface diameter is less than the diameter of bottom surface, and installs at least one opening in the upper position of the side wall, uses
Make submerged plant plant extending port；
(2) on the inner wall and/or outer wall of the planting container ontology, microorganism intermixture, the microorganism mixing are stained with
Agent includes phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and/or Comamonas testosteroni；
It is preferred that by the way that microorganism intermixture to be blended in sodium alginate, the weight ratio of sodium alginate and microorganism intermixture is 3
~4:1~2；It is bonded on the planting container inner wall and/or outer wall by sodium alginate；Additive amount presses microorganism intermixture
It is calculated as each container 1-3g；
Preferably, the opening is multiple, is distributed in the side wall evenly and at intervals centered on the axle center of the hollow cylinder
On；
It is preferred that the height of the opening is set as 5~8cm, width is 3~6cm；
It is preferred that the opening is set as 4, it is equidistant to be symmetrically distributed in the side；
It is preferred that the height of the planting container is set as 15~25cm, the diameter proportion of bottom surface and upper bottom surface is 2:1, bottom surface
Diameter is between 5~10cm.
Preferably, marking line is set in the planting container side wall inner surfaces, is used to indicate the depth that bottom loads object.
It is preferred that being to be detachably connected between the upper bottom surface and the side.
The planting method 9. a kind of submerged plant is jettisoninged, it is characterised in that：
(1) in any planting containers of claim 1-7, the larger matrix of upper proportion is loaded in bottom, preferably
For the zeolite of 0.3~0.5cm；Lightweight matrix, preferably peat soil or common plantation are loaded thereon；
(2) submerged plant kind seed is entered in the matrix in planting container, is compacted；
(3) it puts into predetermined waters.
10. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, being mixed in filling object in the planting container micro-
Biology mixes agent, and the microorganism mixes agent and is made of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria and/or Comamonas testosteroni；Testis
The adding proportion of ball ketone comamonas is every kilogram and loads object addition 20g~25g；The addition of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria
Ratio is respectively every kilogram and loads object addition 10g~20g/kg.
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| CN201810154867.0A CN108401730B (en) | 2018-02-23 | 2018-02-23 | Method for rapidly throwing and planting submerged plants and planting container adopted by same |
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| CN201810154867.0A CN108401730B (en) | 2018-02-23 | 2018-02-23 | Method for rapidly throwing and planting submerged plants and planting container adopted by same |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN112997817A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-22 | 云南省热带作物科学研究所 | Planting method of passion fruit |
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| CN108401730B (en) | 2021-01-08 |
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