CN108370803A - Promote to irrigate the method that leaf miner harm is avoided in mandarin orange morning summer shoot sprouting - Google Patents
Promote to irrigate the method that leaf miner harm is avoided in mandarin orange morning summer shoot sprouting Download PDFInfo
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- CN108370803A CN108370803A CN201810165662.2A CN201810165662A CN108370803A CN 108370803 A CN108370803 A CN 108370803A CN 201810165662 A CN201810165662 A CN 201810165662A CN 108370803 A CN108370803 A CN 108370803A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Botany (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of plant protection, and in particular to a method of promote fertile mandarin orange morning summer shoot sprouting to avoid leaf miner harm.The method, includes the following steps：When the spring tip rudiment length that spring irrigates 1/3 or more mandarin orange is more than 7 leaves, to this part spring tip in the 5th to the 7th leaf position pinching；Before and after pinching urea is increased in 1 week；After the Spring leaf of pinching turns green, 6 benzyladenines are sprayed, accelerates summer shoot and sprouts.The method of the present invention can effectively avoid the summer shoot leaf miner harm of fertile mandarin orange, without the protection that sprays, not only save pesticide, but also save a large amount of spray labours；It is simple and practicable, it is of low cost, be conducive to the popularization and application in fertile mandarin orange production process.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant protection, and in particular to a kind of that fertile mandarin orange morning summer shoot sprouting is promoted to avoid leaf miner danger
Harmful method.
Background technology
Phyllocnistis citrella stainton is a kind of pest seriously endangering citrus tender shoots and young sprout, and female moth produces ovum below length 1cm
Tender shoots, tender tip and its leaf middle arteries both sides, eat into after larvae hatch into tender leaf or the moth food harm of tender tip epidermis, form white bending worm
Road is commonly called as " scrawly handwriting ", keeps leaf rolling hard crisp and falls off, young sprout growth retardation seriously affects tree vigo(u)r and takes out tip result；Together
When, the wound of larva harm is conducive to the intrusion harm of the pest and disease damages such as canker and mite class again, causes seriously to damage to Orange Producing
It loses.Leaf miner reproductive order of generation is according to local climate, and in China citrus producing region, from north to southern 8-15, generation is differed, Chongqing, Sichuan,
In or so the main producing regions such as Hunan, Hubei, Zhejiang usual 1 year 10 generation, generation overlap is overwintering on killed leaf with pupa and larva, and first
It it is usually mid or late June for spawning period.Citrus has 3 important young sprouts to sprout for usual 1 year, is for the first time the spring of sprouting in March
The tip endangers (this phase leaf miner not yet sprouts wings and breeds) without leaf miner；Second is the 6-7 months and the 8-9 months respectively with third time
The summer shoot and autumn growth of sprouting, leaf miner harm is serious, and repeated multiple times spray is needed to prevent.What prevention and control leaf miner endangered in production arranges
It is the spray first time medicine when each young sprout rudiment of citrus is about 0.5cm to apply, hereafter primary every 7-10 days, even spray 3-4 times；Due to
The sprouting of citrus summer shoot and autumn growth is very irregular, and the usual 6-9 months need the prevention and control leaf miner that constantly sprays.However, in China's citrus
Main producing region, the continuous plum rain season of 4-7 moon belonging to YIN rain are rarely suitble to the weather of spray；Therefore, citrus summer shoot leaf miner is most difficult to
Prevention and control often result in serious harm.
Fertile mandarin orange is the late-maturing hybrid tangerine kind from " temple " tangerine orange and " Dan Xi " red tangerine cenospecies, branch growing way
By force, it is the late-maturing citrus improved seeds (fruit needs extension tree overwintering, and the lowest temperature cannot be below -2 DEG C) of 2 months maturation, has
Many advantages, such as appearance is gorgeous, high and stable yield, easy peeling, storage tolerance, pol high (15-20%), meat crisp succulence.It introduces within 2004
China, orchard price maintained always 12 yuan/kilogram or more since commercialization cultivation since 2012, caused cultivated area fast
It is violent to expand, ended for the end of the year 2017, mandarin orange area is irrigated more than 1,000,000 mu, and still among high speed development in the whole nation.Main plant area is
The ground such as winter warm osmanthus, Chongqing, river, Yunnan.Gui Bei He Chuan, Chongqing fertile mandarin orange summer shoot usually mid or late June sprout, at a time when leaf miner
First time spawning period and plum rain season, leaf miner prevention and control are extremely difficult.In Chongqing, leaf miner first time spawning period most years
Part is after June 10, if it is possible to by summer shoot ahead of time to sprouting at the beginning of late May to 6 months, then can avoid leaf miner for the first time
Spawning period is protected and normal growth without spraying, and not only saves pesticide, but also save a large amount of labours.Therefore, invention is a kind of
Promote the method that leaf miner harm is avoided in fertile mandarin orange morning summer shoot sprouting necessary.
Invention content
In view of this, promoting fertile mandarin orange morning summer shoot to sprout the side for avoiding leaf miner and endangering the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of
Method, this method can effectively prevent the leaf miner harm of fertile mandarin orange summer shoot.
Unless otherwise indicated, part of the present invention is mass parts.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that：
When the spring tip rudiment length that spring irrigates 1/3 or more mandarin orange is more than 7 leaves, to this part spring tip the 5th to the 7th leaf position
Set (young sprout base portion up counts) pinching；Start to increase urea in 1 week before and after pinching；After the Spring leaf of pinching turns green, 6- is sprayed
Benzyladenine (abbreviation BA).
Further, the frequency of administration of the urea is to be applied 1 time, continuous 3 times per 6-10 days.
Further, each amount of application of the urea is：It is 5-6kg/ mus each more than triennial to irrigate Gan Shu, triennial and following
The fertile each every plant of 15-50g of Gan Shu.
More than described, this number is not included below.
Further, the purity of the urea is nitrogen content >=45wt%.
Further, the application concentration of the 6-benzyladenine is 100-300mg/L.
Further, the solvent of the 6-benzyladenine is hydrochloric acid solution.
Further, the application concentration of the 6-benzyladenine is 200mg/L.
Further, purity >=98wt% of the 6-benzyladenine.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The method of the present invention can effectively avoid the leaf miner harm of fertile mandarin orange summer shoot, and irrigating mandarin orange summer shoot can be by original 6 month
It is sprouted successively after ten days and does sth. in advance at the beginning of late May to 6 months neatly to sprout, avoid leaf miner first time spawning period, without spray
Protection, summer shoot do not have leaf miner harm, not only save pesticide, but also save a large amount of spray labours.
The method of the present invention is simple and practicable, of low cost, is conducive to the popularization in fertile mandarin orange production process.
Specific implementation mode
Illustrated embodiment is to preferably be illustrated to present disclosure, but is not that present disclosure only limits
In illustrated embodiment.So those skilled in the art carry out nonessential change according to foregoing invention content to embodiment
Into and adjustment, still fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
BA mother liquors one：Pure 1 part of the concentrated hydrochloric acid of commercially available 36wt% chemistry is taken, adds 11 parts of pure water, is diluted to dilute salt of 3.0wt%
200gBA is added in 300 milliliters of 3.0wt% dilute hydrochloric acid and adds pure water to be settled to 500ml, BA concentration after agitation is completely dissolved for acid
For 40wt% (400000mg/L).
BA mother liquors two：With pure 1 part of the concentrated hydrochloric acid of commercially available 36wt% chemistry, adds 5 parts of pure water, be diluted to 6.0wt% dilute hydrochloric acid.
250gBA is added in 250 milliliters of 6.0wt% dilute hydrochloric acid adds pure water to be settled to 500ml, BA concentration after agitation is completely dissolved
50wt% (500000mg/L).
Embodiment 2
Implement orchard be one team of the Chongqing City Jiangjin District pioneer town villages Ma Liu Ka Lizuo citrange anvil Mo Kete tangerine orange trees, 2011
Year plantation, 2 months 2016 high-graftings are fertile mandarin orange, well-grown；120 plants of sizes of in March, 2017 selection are close, growing way is identical
High-grafting irrigates Gan Shu, is randomly divided into 6 groups, and each 20 plants of group is handled as follows respectively, and the results are shown in Table 1：
Processing one：When about 40% spring tip rudiment length is more than 7 leaves (on April 11st, 2017), to this part, the spring tip exists
5th to 6 leaf position (young sprout base portion up counts) pinching；On April 15th, 2017 (as low as moderate rain), uniformly thin piss was plain per acre
6kg, on April 26th, 2017 (moderate rain) uniform thin piss element 5kg per acre, on May 6th, 2017 (shower), uniform thin piss was plain per acre
5kg；On May 12nd, 2017 is diluted with water to when the Spring leaf of pinching turns green completely with " the BA mother liquors one " of embodiment 1
The BA of 100mg/L, Spring leaf and internode are squirted.
Processing two：When about 40% spring tip rudiment length is more than 7 leaves (on April 11st, 2017), to this part, the spring tip exists
5th to 6 leaf position (young sprout base portion up counts) pinching；On April 15th, 2017 (as low as moderate rain), uniformly thin piss was plain per acre
6kg, on April 26th, 2017 (moderate rain) uniform thin piss element 5kg per acre, on May 6th, 2017 (shower), uniform thin piss was plain per acre
5kg；On May 12nd, 2017 is diluted with water to when the Spring leaf of pinching turns green completely with " the BA mother liquors one " of embodiment 1
The BA of 200mg/L, Spring leaf and internode are squirted.
Processing three：When about 40% spring tip rudiment length is more than 7 leaves (on April 11st, 2017), to this part, the spring tip exists
5th to 6 leaf position (young sprout base portion up counts) pinching；On April 15th, 2017 (as low as moderate rain), uniformly thin piss was plain per acre
6kg, on April 26th, 2017 (moderate rain) uniform thin piss element 5kg per acre, on May 6th, 2017 (shower), uniform thin piss was plain per acre
5kg；On May 12nd, 2017 is diluted with water to when the Spring leaf of pinching turns green completely with " the BA mother liquors one " of embodiment 1
The BA of 300mg/L, Spring leaf and internode are squirted.
Processing four：When about 40% spring tip rudiment length is more than 7 leaves (on April 11st, 2017), to this part, the spring tip exists
5th to 6 leaf position (young sprout base portion up counts) pinching；On April 15th, 2017 (as low as moderate rain), uniformly thin piss was plain per acre
6kg, on April 26th, 2017 (moderate rain) uniform thin piss element 5kg per acre, on May 6th, 2017 (shower), uniform thin piss was plain per acre
5kg；Not spraying BA.
Processing five：On April 15th, 2017 (as low as moderate rain) per acre uniformly thin piss element 6kg, April 26 (moderate rain) in 2017
Uniform thin piss element 5kg per acre, on May 6th, 2017 (shower) uniform thin piss element 5kg per acre.The spring tip is handled without pinching；
On May 12nd, 2017, when spring tip middle and lower part blade turn green, upper blade it is yellowish green to light green when (young sprout base portion up counts), use
" the BA mother liquors one " of embodiment 1 is diluted with water to the BA of 300mg/L, and Spring leaf and internode are squirted.
Routine control (hereinafter referred to as CK)：Routine Management does not increase urea, the spring tip not pinching, not spraying BA.
All processing and control tree are conventional cultivation management, i.e.,：In spring bud sprouting period (on 2 21st, 2017, light rain)
Garden is thin entirely spreads a urea, per acre 7.5kg；Tree crown drip nearby poured and applied the complete molten of 0.8wt% on March 17th, 2017
15:15:15 composite fertilizers (mass fraction of nitrogen, phosphorus pentoxide and potassium oxide is 15%, similarly hereinafter) aqueous solution, every plant
30kg.Spraying does not kill the pesticide of leaf miner to summer shoot germination period, and (on July 30th, 2017) investigation and each processing is counted after summer shoot is aging
With the leaf miner Harm of control.
Respectively processing and control summer shoot sprouting period and leaf miner endanger measurement result to table 1
| Processing | Summer shoot is in embryo (moon day) | Summer shoot quantity (branch/strain) | Leaf miner hazard ratio |
| Processing one | 5.20-5.25 | 110.4 | 0.18% |
| Processing two | 5.20-5.25 | 178.2 | 0 |
| Processing three | 5.18-5.23 | 229.5 | 0 |
| Processing four | 6.3-6.18 | 103.3 | 68.02% |
| Processing five | 5.24-6.20 | 200.4 | 77.64% |
| Routine control | 6.16-7.21 | 126.5 | 88.62% |
As shown in Table 1, the fertile mandarin orange summer shoot sprouting through three processing of processing one, processing two and processing is earliest and neat, is all 5
The middle ten days and the last ten days moon sprouts；In these three processing, summer shoot sprouting quantity is to handle three maximum, one minimums of processing.Thus it proves, passes through
Summer shoot rudiment on the fertile mandarin orange spring tip of three processing of processing one, processing two and processing is early and neat, effectively prevents leaf miner harm.
Fertile mandarin orange summer shoot through four processing of processing starts sprout time and has postponed till June 3, and sprouts be continued until successively
June 18；It is May 24 that fertile mandarin orange summer shoot through five processing of processing, which starts sprout time, and sprouts be continued until June 20 successively
Day.The summer shoot blade leaf miner hazard ratio of processing four and processing five is all higher, respectively reaches 68.02% and 77.64%.
Do not take any Routine control for promoting early summer shoot Germination Technique, summer shoot sprout time the latest (June 16), and
Duration longest (July 21 started just stopping when the high temperature dry season), the leaf miner hazard ratio of summer shoot blade also highest, reaches
88.62%.
Thus it proves, method of the invention can efficiently do sth. in advance high-grafting and irrigate the summer shoot sprouting of the big tree of mandarin orange, and sprout whole
Together, avoiding leaf miner harm to the fertile mandarin orange summer shoot of high-grafting has special efficacy.
Embodiment 3
Implement the Ziyang fragrant citrus anvil that orchard is two team of the Chongqing City Jiangjin District pioneer town villages Ma Liu and irrigates mandarin orange little tree, in September, 2016
The fertile mandarin orange container seedling of field planting；It selects in March, 2017 age of tree similar in 90 plants of sizes and growing way for 3 years fertile Gan Shu, is randomly divided into 6
Group, each 15 plants of group are handled as follows respectively, and the results are shown in Table 2：
Processing one：When about 35% spring tip rudiment length is more than 7 leaves (on April 22nd, 2017), in the 6th to 7, the spring tip
Piece leaf position (young sprout base portion up counts) pinching；Every plant of on April 14th, 2017 (fine) pours in tree crown drip attachment applies 0.6wt%
Aqueous solution of urea 4kg, every plant of on April 26th, 2017 (moderate rain) is in the thin piss element 20g of tree crown drip attachment, May 6 (shower)
Every plant in the thin piss element 20g of tree crown drip attachment；On May 15th, 2017, when the Spring leaf of pinching turns green completely, with reality
" the BA mother liquors two " for applying example 1 is diluted with water to the BA of 100mg/L, and Spring leaf and internode are squirted.
Processing two：When about 35% spring tip rudiment length is more than 7 leaves (on April 22nd, 2017), in the 6th to 7, the spring tip
Piece leaf position (young sprout base portion up counts) pinching；Every plant of on April 14th, 2017 (fine) pours in tree crown drip attachment applies 0.6wt%
Aqueous solution of urea 4kg, every plant of April 26 (moderate rain) is in the thin piss element 20g of tree crown drip attachment, May 6 (shower) in 2017
Every plant in the thin piss element 20g of tree crown drip attachment；On May 15th, 2017, when the Spring leaf of pinching turns green completely, with reality
" the BA mother liquors two " for applying example 1 is diluted with water to the BA of 200mg/L, and Spring leaf and internode are squirted.
Processing three：When about 35% spring tip rudiment length is more than 7 leaves (on April 22nd, 2017), in the 6th to 7, the spring tip
Piece leaf position (young sprout base portion up counts) pinching；Every plant of on April 14th, 2017 (fine) pours in tree crown drip attachment applies 0.6wt%
Aqueous solution of urea 4kg, every plant of on April 26th, 2017 (moderate rain) is in the thin piss element 20g of tree crown drip attachment, on May 6th, 2017
Every plant of (shower) is in the thin piss element 20g of tree crown drip attachment；On May 15th, 2017, when the Spring leaf of pinching turns green completely
When, it is diluted with water to the BA of 300mg/L with " the BA mother liquors two " of embodiment 1, Spring leaf and internode are squirted.
Processing four：When about 35% spring tip rudiment length is more than 7 leaves (on April 22nd, 2017), in the 6th to 7, the spring tip
Piece leaf position (young sprout base portion up counts) pinching；Every plant of on April 14th, 2017 (fine) pours in tree crown drip attachment applies 0.6wt%
Aqueous solution of urea 4kg, every plant of on April 26th, 2017 (moderate rain) is in the thin piss element 20g of tree crown drip attachment, on May 6th, 2017
Every plant of (shower) is in the thin piss element 20g of tree crown drip attachment；Not spraying BA.
Processing five：Every plant of on April 14th, 2017 (fine) pours in tree crown drip attachment applies 0.6wt% aqueous solution of urea 4kg,
Every plant of on April 26th, 2017 (moderate rain) in the thin piss element 20g of tree crown drip attachment, is setting every plant of on May 6th, 2017 (shower)
It is preced with the thin piss element 20g of drip attachment；On May 15th, 2017, when spring tip middle and lower part blade turns green, when upper blade light green,
It is diluted with water to the BA of 300mg/L with " the BA mother liquors two " of embodiment 1, Spring leaf and internode are squirted.
Routine control (hereinafter referred to as CK)：Routine Management does not increase urea, the spring tip not pinching, not spraying BA.
All processing and control tree are conventional cultivation management, i.e., exist in spring bud sprouting period (on 2 21st, 2017, light rain)
Every plant of the thin piss element 30g of tree crown drip attachment, pours and applies a 0.8% Quan Rong composite fertilizer (15 on March 17th, 2017:15:
15) aqueous solution, every plant of 5kg.Spraying does not kill the pesticide of leaf miner to summer shoot germination period, after summer shoot is aging (on July 31st, 2017) adjust
Look into and count the leaf miner Harm of each processing and control.
Respectively processing and control summer shoot sprouting period and leaf miner endanger measurement result to table 2
As shown in Table 2, the fertile mandarin orange summer shoot sprouting through three processing of processing one, processing two and processing is earliest and neat, is all 5
The last ten-days period moon sprout, and in being handled at this 3, summer shoot sprouting quantity is to handle three maximum, one minimums of processing；Handle three summer shoot quantity
It is more, on the weak side；The summer shoot sprouting quantity and growing way of processing two are moderate；The summer shoot of this 3 processing is all endangered without leaf miner.
The summer shoot germination period of fertile mandarin orange through four processing of processing is early and middle ten days in June, 20 days duration, summer shoot blade leaf miner
Hazard ratio is 64.52%.The summer shoot germination period of fertile mandarin orange through five processing of processing is continued until June 25 on 23rd from May,
In, the early summer shoot sprouted at the beginning of late May and 6 months does not have leaf miner harm, the summer shoot that mid or late June sprouts then to endanger seriously, close
It is 45.49% to count summer shoot blade leaf miner hazard ratio.
The summer shoot sprout time of Routine control the latest (June 10 initially sprout), (July 21 started duration longest
Just stop when the high temperature dry season), the leaf miner hazard ratio of summer shoot blade also highest, up to 80.45% (table 2).
Thus it proves, method of the invention can efficiently do sth. in advance Ziyang fragrant citrus anvil and irrigate the sprouting of mandarin orange little tree summer shoot and sprout whole
Together, avoiding leaf miner harm to summer shoot has special efficacy.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiment being appreciated that.
Claims (7)
1. promoting to irrigate the method that leaf miner harm is avoided in mandarin orange morning summer shoot sprouting, which is characterized in that include the following steps：Spring irrigates mandarin orange
When 1/3 or more spring tip rudiment length is more than 7 leaves, to this part spring tip in the 5th to the 7th leaf position pinching；1 before and after pinching
Urea is increased in week；After the Spring leaf of pinching turns green, 6-benzyladenine is sprayed.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the frequency of administration of the urea is per 6-10 days using 1 time,
Continuous 3 times.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that each amount of application of the urea is：It is more than triennial
Fertile Gan Shu is 5-6kg/ mus each, triennial and each every plant of 15-50g of following fertile Gan Shu.
4. method according to claim 1,2 or 3, which is characterized in that the purity of the urea is nitrogen content >=45wt%.
5. method according to claim 1,2,3 or 4, which is characterized in that the application concentration of the 6-benzyladenine is
100-300mg/L。
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, the application concentration of the 6-benzyladenine is 200mg/L.
7. according to the method described in claim 1,2,3,4,5 or 6, which is characterized in that the purity of the 6-benzyladenine >=
98wt%.
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Citations (2)
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| CN105145227A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-12-16 | 吴伦忠 | Method for culturing and managing Shatang oranges |
| CN105145261A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-16 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for cultivating hybrid oranges |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105145227A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-12-16 | 吴伦忠 | Method for culturing and managing Shatang oranges |
| CN105145261A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-16 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | Method for cultivating hybrid oranges |
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Application publication date: 20180807 |