CN108356269B - 3D printer head and 3D printer - Google Patents
3D printer head and 3D printer Download PDFInfo
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- CN108356269B CN108356269B CN201810420252.8A CN201810420252A CN108356269B CN 108356269 B CN108356269 B CN 108356269B CN 201810420252 A CN201810420252 A CN 201810420252A CN 108356269 B CN108356269 B CN 108356269B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004093 laser heating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 description 12
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
- B22F12/13—Auxiliary heating means to preheat the material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/10—Formation of a green body
- B22F10/18—Formation of a green body by mixing binder with metal in filament form, e.g. fused filament fabrication [FFF]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/368—Temperature or temperature gradient, e.g. temperature of the melt pool
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a 3D printer head and a 3D printer. The 3D printer head comprises a printer head main body and a rack, wherein the printer head main body comprises a feeding end and a discharging end, a feeding cavity is arranged between the feeding end and the discharging end, and two ends of the feeding cavity are respectively communicated with the feeding end and the discharging end; a rotating shaft is arranged in the feeding cavity, the top of the rotating shaft is connected with the frame through a connecting block, and the bottom of the rotating shaft is connected with a material extruding mechanism; the outer wall of the feeding cavity is provided with a heating and melting mechanism in a circumferential direction, the inner wall of the printer head main body is provided with a crushing mechanism, and the bottom end of the crushing mechanism is connected with the heating and melting mechanism; the lateral part of discharge end is provided with preheating mechanism, and preheating mechanism is connected with the bottom of heating melting mechanism. The 3D printer is not limited to a feeding mode, so that the problem of joint between printing layers is effectively solved, and poor joint phenomena such as cracking, fault and warping do not exist between the printing layers.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and relates to a 3D printer head and a 3D printer, in particular to an FDM type 3D printer head and a 3D printer.
Background
3D printing technology (3D printing), also known as three-dimensional printing technology, is a technology that uses a bondable material such as powdered metal, nonmetal powder or plastic as a basis of a digital model file, and constructs an object by a layer-by-layer printing manner.
The 3D printing technology was first applied to plastic materials. FDM (Fused Deposition Modeling) is a current main mode, and is to heat and melt a hot-melt material, and simultaneously, a three-dimensional nozzle selectively coats the material on a workbench according to the profile information of the cross section under the control of a computer, and a layer of cross section is formed after rapid cooling. After one layer of molding is completed, the machine workbench is lowered by one height (namely the layering thickness) to continue molding until the whole solid molding is formed. The molding materials are various, the molding part precision is high, the price is low, and the molding method is mainly suitable for molding small plastic parts. However, the plastic products produced in this way have a low strength and do not meet the customer's requirements. In order to increase the strength of the product and improve the performance of the product, the metal/nonmetal and the binder are mixed and formed through 3D printing, and the mixture is combined with the traditional powder metallurgy degreasing sintering process, so that the high-strength metal/nonmetal component can be obtained.
CN206967985U discloses a 3D printer head and 3D printer, a 3D printer head, its characterized in that includes: a printer head body; the printer head main body comprises a feeding end and a discharging end, a melting cavity for heating and storing printing raw materials is arranged between the feeding end and the discharging end, and two ends of the melting cavity are respectively communicated with the feeding end and the discharging end; and a heat insulation assembly is arranged between the melting cavity and the feeding end. The invention relieves the problem that the printer head is blocked or broken due to unreasonable heating of raw materials in the printing process of the printer. However, the raw material thereof is also limited to the linear material, and the bonding between the print layers is also to be further improved.
However, there are still some bottlenecks in actual operation to be solved: (1) feed profile performance; (2) problem of delamination between print layers. The currently used MIM feed material cannot be effectively used on a 3D printer like PLA plastic because of discontinuous production caused by insufficient wire strength and easy breakage, and the current solution has the following points: (a) improving the feed characteristics: the wire-shaped feeding is used on the existing FDM machine table, and the breakage problem of the wire is considered, so that the tensile strength of the wire is reinforced. (b) changing the feeding mode of the printer: feeding a bar with the diameter of 6mm multiplied by 150mm into a heating cavity through a unique feeding mechanism; secondly, in the joint problem of the printing layer and the printing layer, the heat conductivity coefficient of metal/nonmetal is far higher than that of plastic materials, so when the metal/nonmetal and the adhesive are used for mixed feeding, the next layer of materials are easy to solidify due to easy heat dissipation, and poor joint, fracture or separation of the upper layer and the lower layer are caused, so that the product defect of the 3D printing process is higher. The current improvement mode is to improve the temperature in the cavity of the printer by adjusting the temperature in the cavity, but the effect is limited, and the electronic components are easy to be damaged due to high temperature, so that the basic functions of the electrical appliance are affected.
Therefore, how to improve the bonding between the printing layers is a direction of the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a 3D printer head which is not limited to the feeding mode, effectively improves the joint problem between printing layers, and has no poor joint phenomena such as cracking, fault, warping and the like.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the 3D printer head comprises a printer head main body and a frame, wherein the printer head main body comprises a feeding end and a discharging end, a feeding cavity is arranged between the feeding end and the discharging end, and two ends of the feeding cavity are respectively communicated with the feeding end and the discharging end;
a rotating shaft is arranged in the feeding cavity, the top of the rotating shaft is connected with the rack through a connecting block, and the bottom of the rotating shaft is connected with a material extruding mechanism;
the outer wall of the feeding cavity is provided with a heating and melting mechanism in a circumferential direction, the inner wall of the printer head main body is provided with a crushing mechanism, and the bottom end of the crushing mechanism is connected with the heating and melting mechanism;
the lateral part of discharge end is provided with preheating mechanism, preheating mechanism with the bottom of heating melting mechanism is connected.
The crushing mechanism comprises a stator and a rotor with a spiral groove, wherein the stator is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the printer head main body, and the rotor with the spiral groove is arranged at the top end of the rotating shaft and is correspondingly arranged with the stator. The stator and the rotor with the spiral grooves form a matching angle, so that the stator and the rotor with the spiral grooves have gaps with different sizes, and different types of feeds are crushed into different sizes in a progressive mode.
The distance between the preheating mechanism and the discharge hole of the discharge end is 3-50 mm, and the number of the preheating mechanisms can be 1, 2, 3 or more, namely, the preheating mechanisms are circumferentially distributed on the circumference with the radius of 3-50 mm, and the preferred radius distance is 5-30 mm.
The heating temperature of the preheating mechanism is 50-170 ℃, and the preferable temperature is 60-120 ℃.
The heating mode of the preheating mechanism is heating plate heating, high-frequency heating or laser heating.
The heating temperature of the heating and melting mechanism has a temperature gradient, and the temperature gradient is gradually increased from top to bottom.
The heating mode of the heating and melting mechanism is coil heating or high-frequency heating.
The extruding mechanism is an inverted cone with a thread structure. The screw thread structure of the extruding mechanism has a forced guiding function, and when the screw thread rotates, the area of a feeding end is larger than that of a discharging end, and the pressure difference caused by the fact that the feeding with the same volume enters a small-section area from a large section after being melted, so that the feeding has an extruding effect. Therefore, the forced spiral acting force can be used for feeding a large amount of molten state, and the molten state is extruded to the nozzle at the discharging end by the extruding action of mechanical force, and then the molten state is sequentially coated on the product platform according to the programming path.
The feeding mechanism is a feeding pipe or a vibrating screen.
It is a second object of the present invention to provide a 3D printer comprising a 3D printer head as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) Simplifying the pretreatment process of raw materials: the type of the FDM type 3D printer printing material is not limited any more, and no matter the wire, the particles, the sheet or the powder enters the 3D printing head to be converted into fine powder to be in a molten state, so that the pretreatment process of the raw materials is simplified.
(2) The feeding characteristics have no special requirements: the heating and melting mechanism has a temperature gradient, so that the problem of cracking of the high polymer material when the feed is in a high-temperature environment for a long time can be avoided, meanwhile, the emphasized fluidity (MFI) of the feed in metal injection molding can be not considered, and the problem of cracking caused by insufficient toughness when a linear material is used is not considered.
(3) Improving bonding of layers to layers: the preheating mechanism can be used for effectively tightly jointing the upper layer and the lower layer because the upper layer still maintains a certain temperature when a layer of feeding is paved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a 3D printer head according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a 316 stainless steel metal product obtained in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of a 316 stainless steel metal product obtained in accordance with a comparative example of the present invention;
the reference numerals are as follows:
1-a printer head body; 11-a feed end; 12-a discharge end; 2-a feeding cavity; 3-a crushing mechanism; 31-a stator; 32-a rotor having helical grooves; 4-a heating and melting mechanism; 5-a preheating mechanism; 6-printing a layer; 7-a material extruding mechanism; 8-rotating shafts; 9-connecting block.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by means of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings 1-3.
As shown in fig. 1, the 3D printer head of the present invention comprises a printer head body and a frame, wherein the printer head body 1 comprises a feeding end 11 and a discharging end 12, a feeding cavity 2 is arranged between the feeding end 11 and the discharging end 12, and two ends of the feeding cavity 2 are respectively communicated with the feeding end 11 and the discharging end 12; a rotating shaft 8 is arranged in the feeding cavity 2, the top of the rotating shaft 8 is connected with the frame through a connecting block 9, and the bottom of the rotating shaft 8 is connected with a material extruding mechanism 7; the outer wall of the feeding cavity 2 is provided with a heating and melting mechanism 4 in a circumferential direction, the inner wall of the printer head main body 1 is provided with a crushing mechanism 3, and the bottom end of the crushing mechanism 3 is connected with the heating and melting mechanism 4; the side of the discharging end 12 is provided with a preheating mechanism 5, and the preheating mechanism 5 is connected with the bottom end of the heating and melting mechanism 4.
When the printer head works, the rotating shaft 8 rotates, the feeding is added at the feeding end 11, after being crushed into fine powder by the crushing mechanism 3, the feeding is not controlled by the form, the crushed fine powder enters the feeding cavity 2, after being heated by the heating and melting mechanism 4, the feeding becomes molten, the molten feeding enters the discharging end 12, the feeding is extruded to the nozzle at the discharging end after being guided and extruded by the extruding mechanism 7, the printing layer 6 is formed on a product platform according to a program design path by coating the feeding on the product platform in sequence, the preheating mechanism 5 is started to preheat the printed upper printing layer, and the next cycle is started to print the second layer, so that the temperature difference between the two adjacent printing layers is not too large, and the printed product layers are tightly combined without adverse problems such as cracking, fault, warping and the like.
The feeding mechanism can be a feeding pipe or a vibrating screen, and feeds of various types are fed into the feeding end. Wherein, the feeding material can be metal/nonmetal powder wrapped by the polymer binder, and the shape of the feeding material can be granular, linear, sheet-shaped or strip-shaped.
A feeding cavity 2 is arranged between the feeding end 11 and the discharging end 12, and two ends of the feeding cavity 2 are respectively communicated with the feeding end 11 and the discharging end 12.
The crushing mechanism 3 includes a stator 31 and a rotor 32 having a spiral groove, the stator 31 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the printer head main body 1, and the rotor 32 having a spiral groove is provided on the tip of the rotary shaft 8 and is provided corresponding to the stator 31. The stator 31 and the rotor 32 having the spiral grooves are formed at a mating angle so as to have gaps of different sizes, and different types of feeds are crushed into different sizes in a progressive manner. The crushing mechanism 3 gradually crushes the feeds with different forms into fine powder and then introduces the fine powder into the feeding cavity 2.
The outside of the feeding cavity 2 is provided with a heating and melting mechanism 4, and the heating mode of the heating and melting mechanism 4 is coil heating or high-frequency heating; meanwhile, the heating and melting mechanism 4 has a temperature gradient, so that the feed has different melting states at different positions, and the service life of the feed and the discharge control are facilitated.
The preheating mechanism 5 is arranged at the front end of the discharge end 12 and is used for heating the printing layer 6 of the last layer, so that the temperature difference between two adjacent printing layers is not too large to cause poor direct bonding between the layers, the distance between the preheating mechanism 5 and the discharge end 12 is 3-50 mm, the number of the preheating mechanisms can be 1, 2, 3 or more, namely, the preheating mechanisms are circumferentially distributed on the circumference with the radius of 3-50 mm, and the preferred radius distance is 5-30 mm, for example, the distances can be 3mm, 4mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm, 12mm, 15mm, 18mm, 20mm, 22mm, 25mm, 28mm, 30mm, 35mm, 40mm, 45mm and 50mm. The temperature of the preheating means 5 is 50 to 170 ℃, preferably 60 to 120 ℃, for example, the temperature of the preheating means 5 is 50 ℃, 70 ℃, 90 ℃, 110 ℃, 120 ℃, 140 ℃, 150 ℃, 170 ℃. The bottom layer has enough viscous force and is not moved by the flow of the upper layer feeding, so that poor filling of products is caused, the feeding area at the front position is preheated, the temperature difference between the new and old layer feeding is kept as much as possible, the tight joint between the layers is ensured, and the problems of poor joint such as cracking, fault, warping and the like of the joint between the layers caused by too fast heat dissipation are avoided. The preheating mechanism 5 is heated by a heating plate, high frequency or laser. When the heating mode of the preheating mechanism 5 is laser heating, the focusing size of laser can be controlled to be 0.1-0.5 mm, when the focusing size is smaller than 0.1mm, the local heating is too high to damage the performance of a product, and when the focusing size is larger than 0.5mm, the heating force is insufficient, so that the printed product layer cannot be effectively preheated.
The extruding mechanism 7 is an inverted cone with a thread structure. The screw thread structure of the extruding mechanism 7 has a forced guiding function, and when the screw thread rotates to act, the area of the feeding end is larger than that of the discharging end, and the pressure difference caused by the fact that the feeding with the same volume enters a small-section area from a large section after being melted, so that the feeding has an extruding effect. Therefore, the forced spiral acting force can be used for feeding a large amount of molten state, and the molten state is extruded to the nozzle at the discharging end by the extruding action of mechanical force, and then the molten state is sequentially coated on the product platform according to the programming path.
The 3D printer of the invention comprises the 3D printer head. The 3D printer can mix metal/nonmetal powder and a high polymer binder to prepare various types of feeds, print and mold the obtained feeds by using the 3D printer to obtain green bodies, and degreasing, sintering and post-processing the obtained green bodies in sequence to obtain finished products.
For a better illustration of the present invention, which is convenient for understanding the technical solution of the present invention, exemplary but non-limiting examples of the present invention are as follows:
examples
The preparation method of the feed for 3D printing in this embodiment is as follows:
(1) Mixing 60vol% stainless steel metal with 40vol% polymeric binder comprising: 86wt% of polyformaldehyde, 8wt% of polypropylene, 1wt% of stearic acid, 0.5wt% of heat stabilizer, 2wt% of plasticizer, 1wt% of surfactant and 1.5wt% of lubricant; adding the raw materials into an internal mixer, and mixing for 1h at 170 ℃;
(2) Extruding the material obtained after mixing in the step (1) into granular material with the diameter of 3mm by using a granulator, cooling to obtain the 3D printing feed, and processing the granules into a wire-shaped feed for standby.
(3) And (3) placing the feed obtained in the step (2) at the feed end 11 of the FDM type 3D printer.
(4) The feed of the feed end 11 in the step (3) enters the crushing mechanism 3, the granular feed is crushed or smashed, and the granular feed is moved to the heating and melting mechanism 4 along with the guiding action of the screw thread of the crushing mechanism 3, and is heated and melted to be in a condensed state or a melted state.
(5) And (3) extruding the condensed state feed of the step (4) in the heating and melting mechanism 4 to the discharge end 12 of the printer after extruding by the extruding mechanism 7, setting the temperature of the feed discharge end 12 to 210 ℃, starting the preheating mechanism 5, setting the temperature of a preheating zone to 190 ℃, and sequentially coating on a working platform to finish the manufacture of the product green blanks. And simultaneously, the gas is discharged to the upper end storage space feeding cavity 2 and then discharged out of the cavity.
(6) And (3) carrying out catalytic degreasing at 110 ℃ and vacuum sintering at 1360 ℃ on the green body product obtained in the step (5) to obtain a complete 316 stainless steel metal product. As shown in FIG. 2, the obtained 316 stainless steel metal product is shown, and the layers of the product printed by the printer are tightly combined, so that the adverse problems of cracking, fault, warping and the like are avoided.
Comparative example
The difference from the examples is that the preheating mechanism is not activated in the comparative example, and a preparation method of a feed for 3D printing of the present comparative example is as follows:
(1) Mixing 60vol% stainless steel metal with 40vol% polymeric binder comprising: 86wt% of polyformaldehyde, 8wt% of polypropylene, 1wt% of stearic acid, 0.5wt% of heat stabilizer, 2wt% of plasticizer, 1wt% of surfactant and 1.5wt% of lubricant; adding the raw materials into an internal mixer, and mixing for 1h at 170 ℃;
(2) Extruding the material obtained after mixing in the step (1) into granular material with the diameter of 3mm by using a granulator, cooling to obtain the 3D printing feed, and processing the granules into a wire-shaped feed for standby.
(3) And (3) placing the feed obtained in the step (2) at the feed end 11 of the FDM type 3D printer.
(4) Feeding the feed in the feeding area of the step (3) into a crushing mechanism (3), crushing or smashing the granular feed, and moving the granular feed to a heating and melting mechanism (4) along with the guiding action of threads of the crushing mechanism (3) to enable the granular feed to be in a condensed state or a molten state.
(5) And (3) extruding the condensed state feed of the step (4) in the heating and melting mechanism 4 to a discharge end 12 of the printer after extruding the feed by an extruding mechanism 7, sequentially coating the feed on a working platform through a 210 ℃ discharge hole to finish the manufacture of the product green body, and discharging gas to an upper storage space feed cavity 2 and then discharging the gas to the cavity.
(6) And (3) carrying out catalytic degreasing at 110 ℃ and vacuum sintering at 1360 ℃ on the green body product obtained in the step (5) to obtain a complete 316 stainless steel metal product. The obtained 316 stainless steel metal product is shown in fig. 3, and the problem of layer-to-layer joint easily occurs in the printing process, so that the subsequent degreasing sintering product is cracked, warped and other bad problems are caused.
The 3D printer is not limited to a feeding mode, so that the problem of joint between printing layers is effectively solved, and poor joint phenomena such as cracking, fault and warping do not exist between the printing layers.
The above examples are only for illustrating the detailed method of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above detailed method, i.e., it does not mean that the present invention must be implemented depending on the above detailed method. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitution of raw materials for the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., falls within the scope of the present invention and the scope of disclosure.
Claims (8)
1. The 3D printer head comprises a printer head main body (1) and a rack, and is characterized in that the printer head main body (1) comprises a feeding end (11) and a discharging end (12), a feeding cavity (2) is arranged between the feeding end (11) and the discharging end (12), and two ends of the feeding cavity (2) are respectively communicated with the feeding end (11) and the discharging end (12);
a rotating shaft (8) is arranged in the feeding cavity (2), the top of the rotating shaft (8) is connected with the frame through a connecting block (9), and the bottom of the rotating shaft (8) is connected with a material extruding mechanism (7);
the outer wall of the feeding cavity (2) is provided with a heating and melting mechanism (4) in a circumferential direction, the inner wall of the printer head main body (1) is provided with a crushing mechanism (3), and the bottom end of the crushing mechanism (3) is connected with the heating and melting mechanism (4);
the side part of the discharging end (12) is provided with a preheating mechanism (5), and the preheating mechanism (5) is connected with the bottom end of the heating and melting mechanism (4);
the extruding mechanism (7) is an inverted cone with a thread structure;
the distance between the preheating mechanism (5) and the discharge port of the discharge end (12) is 3-50 mm, and the heating temperature of the preheating mechanism (5) is 50-170 ℃;
the crushing mechanism (3) comprises a stator (31) and a rotor (32) with a spiral groove, the stator (31) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the printer head main body (1), and the rotor (32) with the spiral groove is arranged at the top end of the rotating shaft (8) and is correspondingly arranged with the stator (31).
2. 3D printer head according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance of the preheating means (5) from the discharge opening of the discharge end (12) is 5-30 mm.
3. 3D printer head according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating temperature of the preheating means (5) is 60-120 ℃.
4. 3D printer head according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating means of the preheating means (5) are heating plate heating, high frequency heating or laser heating.
5. 3D printer head according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating temperature of the heating and melting mechanism (4) has a temperature gradient, which is a gradual rise in temperature from top to bottom.
6. 3D printer head according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating means of the heating and melting mechanism (4) is coil heating or high frequency heating.
7. 3D printer head according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed opening of the feed end (11) is connected with a feed mechanism, which is a feed tube or a vibrating screen.
8. A 3D printer comprising a 3D printer head according to any one of claims 1-7.
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| CN201810420252.8A CN108356269B (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2018-05-04 | 3D printer head and 3D printer |
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| CN108356269B true CN108356269B (en) | 2024-03-22 |
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| CN109014199A (en) * | 2018-08-30 | 2018-12-18 | 江苏大学 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing method of laser assisted laser melting coating |
| JP7354691B2 (en) * | 2019-08-29 | 2023-10-03 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | Plasticizing equipment, three-dimensional modeling equipment and injection molding equipment |
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