CN109014199A - A kind of increasing material manufacturing method of laser assisted laser melting coating - Google Patents
A kind of increasing material manufacturing method of laser assisted laser melting coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN109014199A CN109014199A CN201811001406.6A CN201811001406A CN109014199A CN 109014199 A CN109014199 A CN 109014199A CN 201811001406 A CN201811001406 A CN 201811001406A CN 109014199 A CN109014199 A CN 109014199A
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- laser melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
- B22F10/322—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber of the gas flow, e.g. rate or direction
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/003—Apparatus, e.g. furnaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The present invention relates to the increases material manufacturing technologies of laser melting coating, and in particular to a kind of increasing material manufacturing method of laser assisted laser melting coating.Carry out the dynamic recrystallization temperature for being locally heated to substrate to substrate surface initial position using continuous laser beam first, laser melting coating is carried out to same position using laser cladding apparatus immediately after, first layer cladding is completed along the path planned in advance using same operating procedure；Then the dynamic recrystallization temperature for being locally heated to cladding layer is carried out to clad layer surface initial position using continuous laser beam；Laser melting coating is carried out to same position using laser cladding apparatus immediately after, second layer cladding is completed along the path planned in advance using same operating procedure；And so on, the increasing material manufacturing of metal works is completed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the increases material manufacturing technologies of laser melting coating, and in particular to a kind of increasing material system of laser assisted laser melting coating
Make method.
Background technique
Laser melting and coating technique with its heat source controllably and quickly solidification, have the characteristics that bond strength height and structure refinement,
The industries such as aerospace, chemical industry, mold, machinery, steel are widely used.But laser melting and coating process is asked there are still some
The defects of topic, wherein main problem includes stomata in cladding layer, crackle, coarse columnar grain and due to laser cladding process
The larger residual stress of middle anxious heat quenching and generation.It mainly include at present certain special by adding for the solution of these defects
Alloying element or rare earth oxide, or these problems are mitigated by optimization laser melting and coating process and the measures such as preheating and rear heat,
But the above measure does not have breakthrough to laser cladding layer crackle, hole and residual stress is eliminated.
FOR ALL WE KNOW, by improving deformation temperature, hot hot processing can effectively handle hard brittle metal without leading
Metal surface cracking is caused, therefore better plasticity can be obtained as the temperature rises.Other than improving plasticity, high temperature can be with
Generate beneficial microstructure change.For example, induction high density nano-sized precipitate.The fortune that these sediments pass through prevention dislocation
It moves to improve the stability of the residual compressive stress of surface strength and induction.
But traditional heat treatment mode can not solve the defect problem of laser melting and coating technique, as substrate preheating method increases
Add heating process, reduced production efficiency, deteriorates working condition, it is especially bright for the laser melting coating processing of large parts
It is aobvious, while components make surface oxidation due to long-time heating, weaken cladding layer capability, hardness is caused to reduce, it is wear-resisting and resistance to
Corrosive nature decline.Due to inducing deeper plastic deformation layer that can realize by handling the surface of workpiece, it is only necessary to pass through
Local heating improves the plasticity of metal surface.Then laser can be used to complete, laser is widely used in the industry
Regional area can be heated to very high temperature rapidly by efficient local heating, to avoid the large area of entire workpiece
Heating.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention proposes a kind of increasing material manufacturing methods of laser assisted laser melting coating.It is i.e. first
The dynamic recrystallization temperature for being locally heated to substrate is first carried out to substrate surface initial position using continuous laser beam, immediately after
Laser melting coating is carried out to same position using laser cladding apparatus, it is complete along the path planned in advance using same operating procedure
At first layer cladding；Then the dynamic for being locally heated to cladding layer is carried out to clad layer surface initial position using continuous laser beam
Recrystallization temperature；Laser melting coating is carried out to same position using laser cladding apparatus immediately after, using same operating procedure,
Along the path planned in advance, second layer cladding is completed；And so on, the increasing material manufacturing of metal works is completed.
The specific steps of which are as follows: 1) substrate is fixed on the workbench with fixture；2) continuous laser beam is used first
The dynamic recrystallization temperature for being locally heated to substrate, i.e. T are carried out to substrate surface initial position(base) DRX=aT(base) m(K), wherein
T(base) DRXFor the dynamic recrystallization temperature of substrate metal, a is constant, takes 0.35~0.4, T(base) mFor the fusing point of substrate metal；3) so
Laser melting coating is carried out to same position using laser cladding apparatus immediately afterwards, using same operating procedure, along what is planned in advance
First layer cladding is completed in path；In order to ensure in the synchronous progress laser heating of same position and laser melting coating, wherein laser is heated
Laser light-emitting window linked together with laser melting coating head by connecting rod, processing when two components move together；4) it connects
The dynamic recrystallization temperature for being locally heated to cladding layer is carried out to clad layer surface initial position using continuous laser beam, i.e.,
T(molten) DRX=aT(molten) m(K), wherein T(molten) DRXFor the dynamic recrystallization temperature of cladding layer metal, a is constant, takes 0.35~0.4,
T(molten) mFor the fusing point of cladding layer metal；5) laser melting coating is carried out to same position using laser cladding apparatus immediately after, used
Same operating procedure completes second layer cladding along the path planned in advance；6) the increasing material of metal works and so on, is completed
Manufacture.
The laser of the laser heating uses continuous pulse laser, and process parameters range is as follows: laser power 10~
100W, 1000~5000mm/min of laser beam scanning speed.
Laser cladding technological parameter range is as follows: 1000~3000W of laser power, 1000~5000mm/ of scanning speed
Min, 1~4mm of spot diameter, 10~25L/h of flow velocity of protective gas argon gas.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) the dynamic recrystallization temperature for being locally heated to workpiece is carried out before laser melting coating to workpiece surface using laser beam, it can
To improve the plasticity of metal material surface, to make associativity between cladding layer and matrix and cladding layer and cladding layer more
It is good.
2) traditional heating/thermal deformation process can heat entire Forming Workpiece, and laser beam can be rapidly by regional area
It is heated to very high temperature, so that the large area of entire Forming Workpiece be avoided to heat, inhibits grain coarsening.
3) increasing material manufacturing is carried out using laser assisted laser melting coating, can effectively eliminate generated in laser cladding process
The problems such as crackle, nodularization, hole, the compactness extent of cladding layer is improved, to significantly improve the forming quality of metal works.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art more clearly, below will be to example or existing
Attached drawing needed in technical description is briefly described.
Fig. 1 is the machining sketch chart of laser melting coating described in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the machining sketch chart that auxiliary laser cladding is heat-treated described in embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is the machining sketch chart of laser assisted laser melting coating of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the substrate of laser assisted laser melting coating of the present invention and the machining path figure of cladding layer.
Fig. 5 is the section metallographic microscope of the TC4 cladding layer of the increasing material manufacturing of laser assisted laser melting coating of the present invention.
In figure: 1- laser beam, 2- laser light-emitting window, 3- controller, 4- connecting rod, 5- protect gas, 6- powder-feeding nozzle, 7-
Laser melting coating head, 8- cladding layer, 9- substrate, 10- workbench, 11- fixture, 12- heating device.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but the present invention should not be only
It is limited to embodiment.
The present embodiment has only carried out the comparative experiments of two layers of laser melting coating.Substrate of the present invention is using TC4, laser melting coating
Powder still uses TC4 powder.TC4 fusing point is 1660 DEG C, i.e. 1933.15K.
TDRX=aTm(K)=0.4 × 1933.15K=773.26K, i.e., 500.11 DEG C.The laser device laser work of laser heating
Skill parameter are as follows: laser power 68W, laser beam scanning speed 1000mm/min.Laser cladding technological parameter are as follows: laser power
2200W, scanning speed 1000mm/min, spot diameter 4mm, the flow velocity 10L/h of protective gas argon gas.
Fig. 4 is the substrate of laser assisted laser melting coating of the present invention and the machining path figure of cladding layer.Substrate and cladding
The initial position of layer is the upper left corner, and along the path of planning shown in arrow, the first layer cladding and first layer carried out on substrate is melted
Second layer cladding on coating.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, being fixed on TC4 substrate on the workbench with fixture, using laser cladding apparatus, use is above-mentioned
Laser cladding technological parameter carries out laser melting coating to substrate surface, completes first layer cladding along the path planned as shown in Figure 4
Afterwards, above-mentioned laser cladding technological parameter is then still used to carry out second layer cladding still along the path planned as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 2, TC4 substrate is fixed on the workbench with fixture, by heating devices heat to 500.11 DEG C,
And it is maintained at this temperature, laser cladding apparatus is then used, using above-mentioned laser cladding technological parameter, along rule as shown in Figure 4
The path drawn carries out laser melting coating to substrate surface, after completing first layer cladding, then still uses above-mentioned laser melting and coating process
Parameter carries out second layer cladding still along the path planned as shown in Figure 4.
Embodiment 3
Technical solution of the present invention, as shown in figure 3,1) TC4 substrate is fixed on the workbench with fixture；2) first
500.11 DEG C of dynamic recrystallization temperature that are locally heated to substrate are carried out to substrate surface initial position using continuous laser beam；3)
Laser cladding apparatus is used immediately after, using above-mentioned laser cladding technological parameter, laser melting coating is carried out to same position, is used
Same operating procedure completes first layer cladding along the path planned in advance as shown in Figure 4；In order to ensure same in same position
Step carries out laser heating and laser melting coating, and wherein the light-emitting window of laser heating links together with laser melting coating head, in processing
Two components move together；4) then clad layer surface initial position is carried out using continuous laser beam being locally heated to cladding layer
500.11 DEG C of dynamic recrystallization temperature；5) laser cladding apparatus is used immediately after, using above-mentioned laser cladding technological parameter,
Laser melting coating is carried out to same position, completes second along the path planned in advance as shown in Figure 4 using same operating procedure
Layer cladding.
Two layers of the laser cladding layer completed using technical solution of the present invention, as shown in figure 4, with embodiment 1 and embodiment 2
It compares, the associativity between cladding layer and matrix and cladding layer and cladding layer is more preferable, without discovery crackle, ball in cladding layer
The problems such as change, hole, the compactness extent of cladding layer is higher, to significantly improve the mechanical performance of the metal works of increasing material manufacturing.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all at this
Under the design of invention, using equivalent structure transformation made by description of the invention and accompanying drawing content, or directly/it is used in it indirectly
He is included in scope of patent protection of the invention relevant technical field.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of increasing material manufacturing method of laser assisted laser melting coating, it is characterised in that: first using continuous laser beam to substrate
Surface initial position carries out the dynamic recrystallization temperature for being locally heated to substrate, immediately after using laser cladding apparatus to same
Position carries out laser melting coating, completes first layer cladding along the path planned in advance using same operating procedure；Then it uses
Continuous laser beam carries out the dynamic recrystallization temperature for being locally heated to cladding layer to clad layer surface initial position, makes immediately after
Laser melting coating is carried out to same position with laser cladding apparatus, is completed using same operating procedure along the path planned in advance
Second layer cladding；And so on, the increasing material manufacturing of metal works is completed.
2. a kind of increasing material manufacturing method of laser assisted laser melting coating as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that specific steps
It is as follows:
1) substrate is fixed on the workbench with fixture；
2) the dynamic recrystallization temperature for being locally heated to substrate is carried out to substrate surface initial position using continuous laser beam first,
That is T(base) DRX=aT(base) m(K), wherein T(base) DRXFor the dynamic recrystallization temperature of substrate metal, a is constant, takes 0.35~0.4,
T(base) mFor the fusing point of substrate metal；
3) laser melting coating is carried out to same position using laser cladding apparatus immediately after, using same operating procedure, along pre-
First layer cladding is completed in the path first planned；
4) dynamic recrystallization for being locally heated to cladding layer is then carried out to clad layer surface initial position using continuous laser beam
Temperature, i.e. T(molten) DRX=aT(molten) m(K), wherein T(molten) DRXFor the dynamic recrystallization temperature of cladding layer metal, a is constant, takes 0.35
~0.4, T(molten) mFor the fusing point of cladding layer metal；
5) laser melting coating is carried out to same position using laser cladding apparatus immediately after, using same operating procedure, along pre-
Second layer cladding is completed in the path first planned；
6) increasing material manufacturing of metal works and so on, is completed.
3. a kind of increasing material manufacturing method of laser assisted laser melting coating as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in order to
Ensure in the synchronous progress laser heating of same position and laser melting coating, the laser light-emitting window and laser melting coating that wherein laser heats
Head is linked together by connecting rod, and in processing, two components are moved together.
4. a kind of increasing material manufacturing method of laser assisted laser melting coating as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that laser
The laser of heating uses continuous pulse laser, and process parameters range is as follows: 10~100W of laser power, laser beam scanning
1000~5000mm/min of speed.
5. a kind of increasing material manufacturing method of laser assisted laser melting coating as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that laser
Melting and coating process parameter area is as follows: 1000~3000W of laser power, 1000~5000mm/min of scanning speed, and spot diameter 1~
4mm, 10~25L/h of flow velocity of protective gas argon gas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811001406.6A CN109014199A (en) | 2018-08-30 | 2018-08-30 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing method of laser assisted laser melting coating |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811001406.6A CN109014199A (en) | 2018-08-30 | 2018-08-30 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing method of laser assisted laser melting coating |
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| CN109014199A true CN109014199A (en) | 2018-12-18 |
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| CN201811001406.6A Pending CN109014199A (en) | 2018-08-30 | 2018-08-30 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing method of laser assisted laser melting coating |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110846656A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-28 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | Guide ring, laser cladding method and slot milling machine |
| CN112427658A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-02 | 浙江大学 | Preheating and heat-insulating device for laser additive manufacturing |
| CN114737183A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-07-12 | 山东能源重装集团大族再制造有限公司 | Sprocket wheel laser cladding method |
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| CN101580929A (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-11-18 | 通用电气公司 | Preheating using laser beam |
| CN106583726A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-04-26 | 苏州大学 | Multi-beam laser cladding device |
| EP3181336A1 (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2017-06-21 | Lilas GmbH | 3d printing device for the production of an extended product |
| CN108356269A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-08-03 | 昆山卡德姆新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of 3D printer handpiece and 3D printer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101580929A (en) * | 2008-05-15 | 2009-11-18 | 通用电气公司 | Preheating using laser beam |
| EP3181336A1 (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2017-06-21 | Lilas GmbH | 3d printing device for the production of an extended product |
| CN106583726A (en) * | 2017-01-24 | 2017-04-26 | 苏州大学 | Multi-beam laser cladding device |
| CN108356269A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-08-03 | 昆山卡德姆新材料科技有限公司 | A kind of 3D printer handpiece and 3D printer |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110846656A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-02-28 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | Guide ring, laser cladding method and slot milling machine |
| CN110846656B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-03-15 | 江苏徐工工程机械研究院有限公司 | Guide ring, laser cladding method and slot milling machine |
| CN112427658A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-03-02 | 浙江大学 | Preheating and heat-insulating device for laser additive manufacturing |
| CN112427658B (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2022-03-18 | 浙江大学 | Preheating and heat-insulating device for laser additive manufacturing |
| CN114737183A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-07-12 | 山东能源重装集团大族再制造有限公司 | Sprocket wheel laser cladding method |
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