CN108349610B - 用于加热包装外壳的加热单元和包含该加热单元的装置 - Google Patents

用于加热包装外壳的加热单元和包含该加热单元的装置 Download PDF

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CN108349610B
CN108349610B CN201680050324.3A CN201680050324A CN108349610B CN 108349610 B CN108349610 B CN 108349610B CN 201680050324 A CN201680050324 A CN 201680050324A CN 108349610 B CN108349610 B CN 108349610B
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heating
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preparation
heated
electrodes
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CN108349610A (zh
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米夏埃尔·海尔
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SIG Combibloc Services AG
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SIG Technology AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/103—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined direct heating both surfaces to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7858—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7861—In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line
    • B29C65/787—In-line machines, i.e. feeding, joining and discharging are in one production line using conveyor belts or conveyor chains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/78—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus
    • B29C65/7858—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined
    • B29C65/7879—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined said parts to be joined moving in a closed path, e.g. a rectangular path
    • B29C65/7882—Means for handling the parts to be joined, e.g. for making containers or hollow articles, e.g. means for handling sheets, plates, web-like materials, tubular articles, hollow articles or elements to be joined therewith; Means for discharging the joined articles from the joining apparatus characterised by the feeding movement of the parts to be joined said parts to be joined moving in a closed path, e.g. a rectangular path said parts to be joined moving in a circular path
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
    • B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
    • B29C66/43121—Closing the ends of tubular or hollow single articles, e.g. closing the ends of bags
    • B29C66/43122—Closing the top of gable top containers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4326—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms for making hollow articles or hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72327—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of natural products or their composites, not provided for in B29C66/72321 - B29C66/72324
    • B29C66/72328—Paper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7234—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
    • B29C66/72341—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer for gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7234—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
    • B29C66/72343—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer for liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
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    • B29C66/8432—Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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    • B65B51/10—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof
    • B65B51/20—Applying or generating heat or pressure or combinations thereof by fluid pressure acting directly on folds or on opposed surfaces, e.g. using hot-air jets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)
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  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)

Abstract

描述和绘制一种包含至少两个加热装置(40)的加热单元(11)，加热单元用于使用热空气至少局部地加热包装外壳(6)的待密封的末端区域(10)，其中加热单元(11)具有用于输送待加热的空气到加热装置(40)的送风装置(41)，其中加热装置(40)分别具有用于产生热空气的加热元件(55)和用于使用在加热装置(40)中产生的热空气对包装外壳(6)的末端区域(10)吹风的喷嘴单元(46)。为了在无需承担过多的设备费用和/或工艺复杂性的情况下，为提高包装外壳的密封的末端区域的密封性，设置为，加热装置(40)分别单独地通过至少一个支架(49)与送风装置(41)连接并且分别单独地通过至少一个支架(49)支撑在送风装置(41)上。

Description

用于加热包装外壳的加热单元和包含该加热单元的装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种包含至少两个加热装置的加热单元，加热单元用于使用热空气至少局部地加热包装外壳的待密封的末端区域，其中加热单元具有用于输送待加热的空气到加热装置的送风装置，其中加热装置分别具有用于产生热空气的加热元件和用于使用在加热装置中产生的热空气对包装外壳的末端区域吹风的喷嘴单元。此外，本发明涉及一种用于填充包装、尤其是使用(可流动的)食品填充包装的装置，该装置具有用于使用热空气至少局部地加热包装外壳的待密封的末端区域的加热单元、具有用于防水地封闭和焊接已加热的包装外壳的末端区域的密封单元并且具有用于填充至少单侧封闭的包装外壳的填充装置。本发明还涉及一种用于形成包装、尤其是纸板复合材料包装的方法。
背景技术
已知有不同种用于使用产品、尤其是食品的形式的产品填充包装的装置。在此，优选使用可流动的食品填充包装。尤其使用上部敞开的包装作为包装，从而提供用于填充的开口。举例而言，包装能够是一种由层压板形式的包装材料形成的纸板复合材料包装，层压板包含纸板层和外部的、尤其是热塑性的塑料层，例如聚乙烯(PE)。纸板给予包装足够的稳定性，从而包装能够被简单地操作以及例如堆积。塑料层为纸板防潮并且允许包装材料的密封，从而形成密封的包装。还能够额外地设置其它层，例如铝层，其防止氧气和其它气体扩散穿过包装。
包装能够优选在填充机器中由包装前体制成。举例而言，能够使用由包装材料构成的包装材料坯料作为包装前体，在必要情况下能够预先批量生产包装材料坯料，更准确地说，例如通过密封纵向边缘形成包装外壳形式的包装坯件。典型地，在所谓的芯轴轮的芯轴上拉伸相应的包装外壳，其中芯轴的横截面对应于最初越过芯轴向外突起的包装外壳的内部横截面。由加热单元借助于热空气加热包装外壳的这个突起区域，从而活化包装外壳的末端区域、尤其是包装外壳的底部形成区域或山墙形成区域。在此，包装外壳的温度至少局部地提升到能够密封、也就是说焊接外部的塑料层的程度，其中塑料层典型地涉及到一种热塑性塑料，尤其是聚烯烃，进一步优选为聚乙烯。在此，优选与包装外壳的相应的末端区域的其他活化区域一起完成温度的提升。在这种情况下，包装外壳的末端区域相对于芯轴的端面折叠并且在此处被挤压。以这种方式，在包装外壳冷却之后形成防水的包装底部或包装顶部。由于包装底部或包装顶部对于填充包装的方法来说基本上没有值得一提的区别，在下文中特别将在填充时指向下方的封闭区域看作为包装的底部并且特别将在填充时还未封闭的包装的上方部分看作为包装的顶部。然而，在填充和最终的封闭之后以哪个方向处理包装，也就是说在包装过程中最终哪里处于上方或下方，对于本发明所要解决的问题来说不是至关重要的。换言之，通过包装的还敞开的底部区域或者通过包装的还敞开的顶部区域填充包装，区别不大。
为了填充，例如通过依次将包装***到运输装置的小室中的方式，将单侧敞开的包装引入到填充机器的消毒区域中。然后，以定义的速度和定义的彼此间的距离运输包装穿过填充机器的消毒区域，在此，在使用例如过氧化氢消毒包装之前，在必要情况下使用热的无菌空气对包装预加热并且在必要情况下使用无菌空气完成干燥。然后，将已消毒的包装递送到填充-和密封区域中并且在此优选使用可流动性的食品、例如饮料填充已消毒的包装。随后再封闭包装，通过运输装置将包装从填充-和密封区域中运输出来并且最后从运输装置的小室中取出。
在一些填充机器中，由运输装置直线地运输包装穿过填充机器。相应的填充机器也被称为纵向操纵机械。在其他填充装置中，即所谓的旋转操纵机械中，包装展示了大致为圆弧形的运动，该运动能够包含一个圆弧区段或多个圆弧区段。
已知的填充机器的加热单元通常具有多个加热装置，因为在填充机器中典型地彼此平行地驱动多个芯轴轮。通常涉及4或者6个平行的芯轴轮。随后，每个加热装置用于平行地加热不同的包装外壳，尤其加热各自的待密封的末端区域，其中能够可选择地涉及到包装的之后的底部或之后的顶部。为了给加热装置输送待加热的空气，通常每组加热装置与一个送风装置连接。随后，待加热的空气在加热装置中分别通过例如筒形加热器形式的加热元件加热到大约300℃至400℃。此后，热空气通过喷嘴单元目标明确地吹风到包装外壳的末端区域上。由于高温，包装外壳的包装材料能够在短时间内如此活化、尤其是软化，即能够密封包装材料并且能够封闭包装外壳的相应的末端区域。
然而在实践中，很难实现在较长的时间段中的准确地并且可靠地活化包装外壳的待加热的末端。在包装外壳的末端区域的加热中，较长的时间段总会导致不准确性。举例而言，包装可能由于包装材料与喷嘴单元中的热空气的排气口之间的距离过小或过大而引起局部地过度活化或不充分的活化。不论如何，包装材料的过度活化或不充分活化都能够导致密封的末端区域达不到足够的密封性。在这种情况下，液体可能在填充之后就从包装中溢出。也可能直到后来，在更高的机械负载下才发生泄漏。
发明内容
因此，本发明所基于的任务在于，设置和改进开头所述的和先前详尽描述的类型的加热单元、装置和方法，使得在无需承担过多的设备费用和/或工艺复杂性的情况下，提高包装外壳的密封的末端区域的密封性。
该任务在加热单元中由此解决，即加热装置分别单独地通过至少一个支架与送风装置连接并且分别单独地通过至少一个支架支撑在送风装置上。
此外，先前所述的任务由一种用于形成包装、尤其是纸板复合材料包装的方法解决，
-其中分别平行地并且至少局部地加热至少两个包装外壳的末端区域，
-其中为了平行地、至少布局地加热，分别至少局部地引导至少两个包装外壳的该末端区域进入到加热装置的缝隙中、优选引导到根据本发明的加热单元的缝隙中或者引导到根据本发明的装置的缝隙中，并且在缝隙中使用热空气吹风，
-其中优选平行地通过密封封闭至少两个包装外壳的已经至少局部加热的末端区域，
-其中通过送风装置输送待加热的空气给至少两个加热装置，
-其中至少两个加热装置分别单独地通过至少一个支架支撑在送风装置上。
通过加热装置在送风装置上的单独的支撑，能够实现加热装置彼此之间的显著的热隔离。在此，送风装置不仅用于输送待加热的空气，还用于安置和固定加热装置。由此，加热装置在很大程度上是通过送风装置连接的。送风装置在加热单元运行过程中通过待加热的空气的流过从内部冷却并且能够由此很好地排出由加热装置通过热传导传递到送风装置上的热量。因此，热量不会或者仅细微地由加热装置传输到加热单元的其他区域，更不用说相邻的加热装置。因此，同样尽可能地避免了由加热单元的热扩散引起的单个加热装置彼此之间的热影响。因此，即使在长时间的运作中也基本上保持加热装置彼此间的预设距离。
此外，由待加热的空气吸收的热量由于空气的流动方向沿着加热装置的方向导回并且通过加热装置散发，这整体上促进了加热单元的热释放并且减少加热装置彼此之间的损害。通过所述的热解耦避免引起喷嘴单元的预定义的位置改变的材料热膨胀，喷嘴单元在事先准确地对准所属的芯轴轮并且由此准确地对准支撑在芯轴轮上的包装外壳的待密封的末端区域。即使是很小的改变都能够对包装材料的活化造成不良影响，导致局部的过度活化和/或局部的不充分的活化。
此外，能够以较小的材料横截面形成使加热装置单独与送风装置连接的支架，从而减少通过支架到送风装置上的热传递。在此，材料横截面理解为与通过热传导的热传递相关的材料横截面、尤其是与热传导的方向垂直的材料横截面。在支架的不同位置上的相应的材料横截面能够是不同的。原则上优选至少一个非常小的材料横截面和/或在很大区域中具有小的材料横截面，从而以尽可能高的热传递阻力对抗热传导。
通过单独的支撑元件还成功地限定加热装置彼此之间的热传导。在必要情况下，也能够通过多个支架将每个加热装置支撑在送风装置上。由此，例如能够将尤其对热传导有利的支架的材料横截面构造得小一些，该支架设置在加热装置的特别热的区域中。为了确保需要的机械稳定性，能够使用另外的支架，将其设置在加热装置的较冷的区域上。由此，通过额外的有利于热传导的、因此例如基本上垂直于热传导设置的材料横截面，由于温度差较低而散发较少的热量，而通过其他的材料横截面则由于较小的材料横截面的较高的热传导阻力而同样散发较少的热量。
为了避免不必要的重复和为了更好的理解，在下文中共同阐述加热单元、用于填充包装的装置和用于形成包装的方法，不分别单独地区分加热单元、装置和方法。然而，技术人员能够根据上下文清楚哪些特征分别关于加热单元、关于用于填充包装的装置和关于用于形成包装的方法是优选的。
在加热单元的第一优选设计方案中，至少一个支架在总管道上与送风装置连接。这是结构简单的并且允许加热装置彼此之间的良好的热隔离。总管道能够给传输热量的待加热的空气提供大的体积流量。此外，总管道基本上更大地并且更坚固地形成。因此，总管道能够在较低的温度下储存更多的热量。其他的优势在于，总管道能够在温度波动时提供更好的缓冲作用。此外，能够设置成加热装置至少还通过相应的单独的支架支撑在送风装置的总管道上。以这种方式，能够在必要情况下取消或者不那么坚固地形成用于支撑和固定加热装置的另外的支架。如此能够避免或者减少通过额外的支架的过多的热传导。
还能够借此改善加热装置彼此之间的热解耦，即至少两个加热装置的加热元件分别通过至少一个支架与送风装置处于流体连接。也就是说能够通过至少一个支架分别提供至少一个通过送风装置提供空气的通道。于是，空气能够流动通过通道并且在这种情况下相应地冷却支架。于是，由加热装置向送风装置释放更少的热量。在必要的情况下，还能够以这种方式加强此种优势，即至少两个加热装置形成为，通过支架提供待加热的空气。于是，该空气还用于产生热空气并且能够在必要的情况下引导更多用于冷却的空气通过管道。出于冷却的原因和设计的角度，如果仅通过至少一个单独的支架给加热装置提供待加热的空气，则是特别适合的。此外，在流经至少一个支架时待加热的空气的相应的预加热能够为提供热空气节约能源，因为热损失减少了。
可选择地或者附加地，所述至少一个支架能够分别具有至少两个单独的并且与送风装置、尤其与总管道连接的通道，该通道用于输送待加热的气体到加热装置中。多个通道的优势在于，增加空气和相应的支架之间的热传递面积。然而，过多的通道是设计复杂的并且增加流经支架时的压力损失。
当至少一个支架分别设置在分配有加热装置的喷嘴单元的区域上、在加热装置的分配有加热元件的区域上或者在加热装置的分配有两个区域的区域上时，则通过所述至少一个支架将加热装置连接到送风装置上是特别有效。于是，支架基本上暴露于特定的热负荷中，从而通过连接和/或设计至少一个支架对先前描述的效用具有特别的影响。举例而言，当至少一个支架设置在加热元件的分配有喷嘴单元的一端或者设置在加热装置的喷嘴单元和加热元件之间的区域上时，这点是尤其适用的。因为在必要情况下相应的区域是特别热的并且需要在这种情况下尤其良好地支撑和固定，从而通过喷嘴单元的精确的定位而保证包装外壳的精确的加热。
为了确保加热装置的安全的支撑和可靠的固定，加热装置能够可选择地或者附加地分别单独地通过至少两个支架与送风装置连接。举例而言，能够通过至少两个支架抵消加热装置的不小心扭曲。由于两个支架都与引导待加热的空气的送风装置连接，所以加热装置通过支架向整个加热单元或邻近的加热装置仅释放有限的热量。为了有效地利用支架并且在必要情况下使加热装置的另外的连接变得不必要，特别优选至少两个加热装置分别单独地通过至少两个支架支撑在送风装置上。因此，加热装置在必要的情况下固定在送风装置上并且相对于送风装置支撑。
为了在支架的连接区域中外部冷却加热装置，加热装置能够分别具有至少一个通道，通道能够流动有待加热的空气。在此，所述至少一个通道位于加热元件的外部，特别是在加热元件的至少一侧上。当该至少一个通道或多个通道至少局部地、特别是至少基本上包围加热元件时是特别有利的。如此，能够通过待导出的空气释放更多的和更大面积的热量。当该至少一个通道设置成至少基本环绕加热元件的至少一部分时，更加适合。这点很容易在结构上实现，即环绕加热元件形成环形通道。可选择地或者附加地，能够如此形成加热元件，即至少局部地引导待加热的空气在至少一个通道中沿着相反于或至少部分相反于穿过加热元件的气体的方向进行。也就是说，加热元件和至少一个通道至少局部地以对流运行。即，空气在至少一个通道中和在至少一个加热元件中至少局部地沿着彼此相反的方向流动。换句话说，这两个部分中的气流至少具有相互对立的方向分量，从而气流整体上至少是相互倾斜的。举例而言，通过待加热的空气的流动方向在至少一个通道之后和在加热元件之前偏移超过90°，特别是基本上至少到达180°，实现上述倾斜。这在设计上很容易实现。待加热的空气能够以先前所述的方式预加热。由此能够减少由加热元件释放的热量输出。另外，待加热的空气能够有利地引导到加热单元的靠近喷嘴单元的末端。
为了调节流到加热元件的待加热的空气的流量，能够在必要情况下在加热装置中集成调节单元。调节单元能够由于环形缝隙具有简单并且精确的可调节性，环形缝隙具有在其尺寸中可自由改变的用于待加热的空气的流动横截面。举例而言，能够通过彼此对应形成的圆锥形的冲头和圆锥形的接收端形成环形缝隙。然后，在螺纹中引导冲头，使冲头通过在螺纹中的旋转移动到接收端中，减少用于待加热的空气的自由的流动横截面；或者从接收端中移出，扩大自由的流动横截面。举例而言，用于调节流量的参数能够是在开口处溢出的超压，例如相对于大气压超出0.1帕至0.8帕的范围。虽然持续监测流量和在适当情况下调节自由的流动横截面对于取得特别均匀的效果和早期识别即将发生的或出现的产品废品是有利的。但是在实践中，这点也能够通过手动的调节流动横截面满足。在本申请中，用于调节流量的控制单元被理解为调节单元的一部分。
为了能够有效和精确地加热包装外壳，喷嘴单元能够具有用于接收包装外壳的末端的、尤其为正方形或矩形的环状缝隙。优选喷嘴单元或加热装置本身如此在送风装置上移动支撑，即喷嘴单元能够移动到包装外壳的末端。为了加热包装外壳的末端，能够通过内壁和外壁限定缝隙，其中至少一个壁，尤其至少内壁具有用于溢出热空气的开口。然后，热空气分别在所期望的位置上吹到包装材料上。能够通过开口的布置、开口的数目和开口的尺寸调节触及到包装外壳的特定区域上的热空气的量。由此，同时影响以怎样的速度和/或强度加热包装材料的相应区段。
对于防水地密封包装外壳的末端区域以形成包装的底部或顶部来说，相对于角区域之间的区域更大面积地加热角区域是适合的。角区域比在角区域之间的区域更明显彼此叠加。因此尤其优选在至少一个角区域中通过单独的开口形成总开口面积大于在该至少一个角区域以外的总开口面积。这能够适用于缝隙的内壁、缝隙的外壁或缝隙的两个壁。
可选择地或者附加地，由大量开口形成的开口的轮廓能够在缝隙的内壁的和/或缝隙的外壁的至少一个角区域中至少基本上呈V形地形成。由此实现包装外壳的加热的角区域的轮廓也为V形。这有利于随后的包装外壳的相应末端的防水地密封。因此，优选在内壁和/或外壁的所有角区域中设置V形的轮廓。
然而，由于包装外壳的内表面特别是彼此焊接在一起，基本上优选尤其使用热空气加热包装外壳的相应的末端的内侧。因此，当缝隙的内壁的开口形成比缝隙的外壁的开口更大的总体的自由的流动横截面，从根本上说是有利的。
可选择地或者附加地，缝隙的宽度能够优选基本上一致地小于3毫米，尤其小于2毫米。于是，当包装外壳在正中***时，获得与内壁和外壁之间的适当的距离，从而有效和精确地以对应的加热装置中的热空气对包装材料进行吹风。
附图说明
接下来参考只描述一个实施例的附图详尽地阐述本发明。在附图中
图1示出了用于填充包装的装置的示意图，
图2示出了在根据图1的装置中制成的包装外壳的透视图，
图3示出了根据图1的装置的加热单元的透视图，
图4示出了根据图3的加热单元的加热装置的剖面图，
图5示出了图4中的加热装置的另外的剖面图，
图6示出了根据图4的加热装置的喷嘴单元的透视图并且
图7示出了图4中的加热装置的横截面图。
具体实施方式
在图1中绘制了用于填充包装2、尤其是使用可流动的食物填充包装的装置1，即所谓的填充机器，包含用于形成包装2的装置3。所绘制的并且就此而言优选的装置1包含一排平行的生产线，其中在图1中仅绘制了一条生产线。每条生产线分配有一捆4包装材料坯料形式的包装坯件5，包装坯件的纵向边缘彼此密封并且由此形成折叠起来提供的包装外壳6。通过送料装置7展开包装外壳6，其中在必要情况下还能够设置用于在包装外壳6上实施未绘制的浇注元件的应用装置。
用于形成包装2的装置3具有芯轴轮8，芯轴轮在所绘制的并且在就此而言优选的情况下包含六个芯轴9并且周期性地、即逐步地逆时针旋转。在第一芯轴轮位置I中，包装外壳6形式的包装坯件5被推动到芯轴9上。随后，芯轴轮8继续旋转到下一个芯轴轮位置I I中，在此位置中，由加热单元11使用热空气加热包装外壳6的相对于芯轴9突起的末端区域10。在下一个芯轴轮位置I I I中，通过压力机12预折包装外壳6的已加热的末端区域10并且在接下来的芯轴轮位置IV中，通过未详细绘制的密封装置在折叠的位置处紧密地封闭已加热的末端区域，尤其是密封形成底部。以这种方式获得单侧封闭的包装，在接下来的芯轴轮位置V中，从芯轴9中取出单侧封闭的包装并且递送到环形运转的不间断的运输装置14的小室13中。在下一个芯轴轮位置VI中，没有给芯轴9分配生产步骤。在必要情况下，芯轴轮位置的数量或芯轴的数量以及在此设置的生产步骤能够与根据图1的示图和相关描述有偏差。
处于包装杯阶段的、具有朝上敞开的末端的包装2，在所属的小室13中运输通过填充机器。在必要情况下，如果朝下的顶部区域被封闭，则能够通过朝上开放的底部区域填充包装2。包装2到达包含消毒区域16和填充-和密封区域17的无菌腔15，包装沿由箭头标示的运输方向从左向右地穿过无菌腔输送。不一定以直线完成包装2的运输，也能够在至少一个弧中或者甚至在环形中完成运输。
通过相应的无菌空气接口20向无菌腔15提供无菌空气。通过预热装置21将热的无菌空气依次吹到包装2上进行预加热。随后借助于消毒装置22、优选借助于过氧化氢对包装2进行消毒，然后由烘干装置23通过施加无菌空气烘干包装2，并且在从消毒区域16过渡到填充-和密封区域17之后，将包装2带到位于填料出口25下方的填充位置24中。在那里使用食品26依次填充包装2。然后，由封闭装置27通过折叠包装2的上部区域和密封而封闭已填充的包装2。随后，从运输装置14的小室13中取出已封闭的包装2。目前空出的小室13伴随运输装置14继续沿芯轴轮8的方向移动，以便在那里接收另外的包装2。
在图2中绘制了举例而言在先前描述的装置1中加热并且随后单侧封闭的包装外壳6。包装2特别涉及到一种由层压板形式或包装材料层压板形式的相应的包装材料30构成的纸板复合材料包装，层压板包含：至少一个纸板层；至少一个例如由铝、聚酰胺和/或乙烯-乙烯醇共聚物组成的隔离层；以及由热塑性的塑料、尤其是聚乙烯(PE)构成的外部层。由包装材料30形成的包装材料坯料的纵向边缘31已经被彼此密封。也就是说，包装材料坯料的纵向边缘彼此重叠放置并且在此位置上彼此焊接。在包装外壳6的两个敞开的末端32、33处设置用于形成底部的底部形成区域34和用于形成包装2的山墙的山墙形成区域35。为此，将相应区域折叠在为此设置的折叠线36上。
在图3中绘制了用于填充包装的装置1的加热单元11。加热单元具有6个彼此相邻放置的加热装置40，用于使用热空气局部地加热包装外壳6的待密封的末端区域10。加热单元11还具有送风装置41，送风装置具有可旋转地放置的用于待加热的空气的输送管道42。待加热的空气通过侧面的开口43输送至输送管道42。通过中空的连接通道44将输送管道42与总管道45连接，待加热的空气由总管道分配到单个的加热装置40。所绘制的并且就此而言优选的加热装置40在其前端分别具有一个喷嘴单元46，喷嘴单元具有矩形的环状缝隙47，包装外壳6的末端能够分别导入到该环状缝隙中，从而借助于在加热装置40中加热的热空气局部地加热。
在图4中绘制了加热单元11的剖面图，该剖面横向于总管道45和输送管道42以及贯穿加热单元40。在此，空气从输送管道42经过连接通道44、经过相应的开口48进入到用于待加热的空气的总管道45中。加热装置40分别通过两个支架49、50与总管道45连接，该支架将加热装置40支撑在总管道45上并且将加热装置相对于总管道45固定。在所绘制的和就此而言优选的加热装置40中，加热装置40的支架49、50在总管道45的相对的纵向侧上与总管道连接。在这种情况下，支架形成待加热的空气到加热装置的输送部。
所绘制的并且就此而言优选的加热装置40具有用于待加热的空气的环形通道51，空气在该环形通道中运输到加热装置40的后部。在那里，待加热的空气进入计量室52，待加热的空气从计量室经过用于调节待加热的空气流量的调节单元53进入到加热室54中，在加热室中设置电加热的、并且由待加热的空气流经的加热元件55。在离开加热元件55后，热空气进入到热空气室56中，热空气经过该热空气室进入到喷嘴单元46中。喷嘴单元46能够在环形的矩形缝隙47中接收包装外壳6的待密封的末端区域10，随后将待密封的末端区域拉入到喷嘴单元46的缝隙47中并且优选局部地由热空气对待密封的末端区域吹风。环形的缝隙47不一定形成为矩形。该缝隙47也能够设计为圆形、椭圆形或其他多角形，即三角或多于四角。在此，如果至少两个包装外壳6的至少一个末端区域10具有与缝隙47的形状相对应的形状或轮廓，则是特别合适的。
在图5中绘制了加热装置40的细节和垂直于根据图4剖平面的纵剖面。设置于中央的是加热元件55，在待加热的空气的加热期间，待加热的空气从右向左流经该加热元件。为此，待加热的空气经过设置在加热元件55的前端，即左端的支架49，进入到环形通道51中，该环形通道沿加热元件55的纵向并且环绕于加热元件55延伸。待加热的空气通过环形通道51进入到加热装置40的后面，即右侧绘制的部分。在那里设置计量室52，待加热的空气从计量室被计量地沿加热单元55的方向流出。设置一个用于计量气流的调节单元53，该调节单元具有带有圆锥端58的冲头57。冲头57可旋转地支撑在螺纹59中，从而冲头57能够通过自身的旋转前后移动。在这种情况下，根据冲头57的旋转方向，减小或加大冲头57的圆锥端58相对于形成为对应圆锥形的接收端60的距离。由此，在冲头57的圆锥端58和圆锥形的接收端60之间形成环形缝隙，环形缝隙具有能够改变的自由流动横截面，从而能够通过环形缝隙计量流入到加热室54中的空气。当圆锥形的表面形成为平角时，则针对较小的流动横截面变化需要冲头57进行相对较长的调节距离，在这种情况下能够尤其准确地执行流经环形缝隙的空气的计量。
加热元件55以筒形加热器的形式设置在加热室54中，并且筒形加热器能够通过电连接61连接到电源。加热元件55作用为加热电阻器并且加热流经的空气，从而使作为热空气的空气从加热元件55流出进入到热空气室56中，随后热空气例如流动穿过穿孔金属板63的开口62，从而在喷嘴单元46的中心区域64中形成层流。喷嘴单元46的中心区域64形成用于接收包装外壳6的敞开端110的缝隙47的环形内壁65。在内壁65中设置一排开口66，该开口在绘制的并且就此而言优选的加热装置40中具有大致相同的尺寸。热空气通过开口66流入到缝隙47中并且在必要情况下朝相应定位的包装外壳6的末端流动。热空气还能够通过其它的通道67从热空气室56输送到喷嘴单元46的外部区域68。在这种情况下，喷嘴单元46的外部区域68形成环形的、限定用于局部地接收包装外壳6的缝隙47的外壁69。热空气同样通过一个单独的开口70从外壁69流入到缝隙47中。
图6中绘制了喷嘴单元46的细节。能够识别出用于接收包装外壳6的一个末端的环形缝隙47和在缝隙47的内壁65和外壁69中的开口66。在此，在外壁69中设置较少的开口70，其整体上形成比在内壁65中的开口66更小的开口面积。后者的数量更多并且还共同形成了较大的开口面积。此外，内壁65的开口66主要设置在缝隙47的角区域中。开口66在这些角区域中形成V形轮廓71。
在图7中绘制了加热装置40的在前方的支架49的高度上的截面图。能够看到支架49具有两个基本平行的通道72，通道通过开口73与送风装置41的总管道45连接。因而待加热的空气通过支架49的两个通道72从总管道45流出并且经过一系列环绕环形通道51间隔分布的开口73流入到特别在图5中绘制的环形通道51中。绘制由环形通道51包含的多孔的加热元件55。在加热装置40的后部设置有用于将加热元件55电连接到电源的接线74。
由于支架49设置在加热装置40的临近于喷嘴单元46的热端上，支架具有用于待加热的空气流动的通道72，从而从内部冷却支架49。也就是说，一部分热量通过待加热的空气再次引导回加热装置40中。此外，通过待加热的空气从内部冷却总管道45，从而进一步确保很好地局部限定加热单元11的具有非常高的温度的区域并且确保对相邻的加热装置40没有或者仅有轻微的热影响。因此，也考虑到仅局部限定的相当大的热膨胀，这在此是能够容忍的并且对加热装置40的功能没有或仅有不明显的损害。能够尽量避免尤其引起加热装置40彼此之间的距离的改变的超出的热膨胀。由此，能够非常精确和有效地完成包装外壳6的局部的加热。

Claims (27)

1.用于在多个平行的生产线上填充包装(2)的装置(1)，其中每个生产线具有用于形成该包装(2)的芯轴轮(8)，该装置具有用于以热空气至少局部地加热放置在不同的该芯轴轮(8)上的包装外壳(6)的待密封的末端区域(10)的加热单元(11)、具有用于防水地封闭和焊接已加热的并且放置在不同的该芯轴轮(8)上的包装外壳(6)的末端区域(10)的密封单元并且具有用于填充至少单侧封闭的包装外壳(6)的填充装置(26)，其中该加热单元(11)具有多个用于以热空气至少局部地加热放置在不同的该芯轴轮(8)上的包装外壳(6)的待密封的末端区域(10)的加热装置(40)，其中该加热单元(11)具有用于输送待加热的空气到该加热装置(40)的送风装置(41)，其中该加热装置(40)分别具有用于产生该热空气的加热元件(55)和用于以在该加热装置(40)中产生的该热空气对该包装外壳(6)的该末端区域(10)吹风的喷嘴单元(46)，
其特征在于，
该加热装置(40)分别单独地通过至少一个支架(49)与该送风装置(41)连接并且分别单独地通过至少一个支架(49)支撑在该送风装置(41)上，该至少一个支架(49)分别具有至少两个单独的并且与所述送风装置(41)的提供待加热的空气的总管道(45)连接的通道(72)，该通道用于输送待加热的气体到所述加热装置(40)中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置，
其特征在于，
该装置(1)用于使用食品填充包装。
3.根据权利要求1所述的装置，
其特征在于，
该至少一个支架(49)在总管道(45)上与该送风装置(41)连接并且该加热装置(40)分别单独地通过该至少一个支架(49)支撑在该送风装置(41)的该总管道(45)上。
4.根据权利要求1或3所述的装置，
其特征在于，
该至少两个加热装置(40)的该加热元件(55)分别通过该至少一个支架(49)与该送风装置(41)处于流体连接。
5.根据权利要求4所述的装置，
其特征在于，
该至少两个加热装置(40)形成为，通过所述支架(49)提供待加热的空气。
6.根据权利要求5所述的装置，
其特征在于，
该至少两个加热装置(40)形成为，仅通过所述支架(49)提供待加热的空气。
7.根据权利要求1所述的装置，
其特征在于，
该至少一个支架(49)设置在该加热装置(40)的分配有该喷嘴单元(46)和/或分配有该加热元件(55)的区域上。
8.根据权利要求7所述的装置，
其特征在于，
该至少一个支架(49)设置在该加热元件(55)的分配有该喷嘴单元(46)的末端或者设置在该喷嘴单元(46)和该加热元件(55)之间的该加热装置(40)的区域上。
9.根据权利要求1所述的装置，
其特征在于，
该加热装置(40)分别单独地通过至少两个支架(49，50)与该送风装置(41)连接并且分别单独地通过该至少两个支架(49，50)支撑在该送风装置(41)上。
10.根据权利要求1所述的装置，
其特征在于，
该加热装置(40)分别具有至少一个用于在该加热元件(55)的外部引导该待加热的空气的通道，并且该加热元件(55)形成用于，在该加热元件(55)的外部的通道中至少局部地沿相反于待加热的空气的方向引导已加热的空气朝该喷嘴单元(46)的方向。
11.根据权利要求10所述的装置，
其特征在于，
该通道是环形通道(51)。
12.根据权利要求10所述的装置，
其特征在于，
该加热装置(40)的该通道设置成至少局部地环绕该加热元件(55)。
13.根据权利要求12所述的装置，
其特征在于，
该加热装置(40)的该通道设置成环绕该加热元件(55)。
14.根据权利要求10或12所述的装置，
其特征在于，
该加热装置(40)的该通道和该加热装置(40)的该加热元件(55)形成用于，空气在该通道中和该加热元件(55)中基本上沿着彼此相反的方向流动。
15.根据权利要求1所述的装置，
其特征在于，
设置用于调节流到该加热元件(55)的待加热的空气的流量的调节单元(53)。
16.根据权利要求15所述的装置，
其特征在于，
该调节单元(53)具有带有改变的自由流动横截面的环形缝隙。
17.根据权利要求1所述的装置，
其特征在于，
该喷嘴单元(46)具有用于接收包装外壳(6)的末端的环状缝隙(47)，并且该缝隙(47)通过具有用于溢出热空气的开口(66)的内壁(65)和/或通过具有用于溢出热空气的开口(70)的外壁(69)限定。
18.根据权利要求17所述的装置，
其特征在于，
该环状缝隙(47)为正方形或矩形的。
19.根据权利要求17所述的装置，
其特征在于，
在该缝隙(47)的至少一个角区域中的通过单独的开口(66，70)形成的内壁和/或外壁(65，69)的总开口面积大于角区域的外部的总开口面积。
20.根据权利要求19所述的装置，
其特征在于，
在该缝隙(47)的所有角区域中的通过单独的开口(66，70)形成的内壁和/或外壁(65，69)的总开口面积大于角区域的外部的总开口面积。
21.根据权利要求17或19所述的装置，
其特征在于，
在该缝隙(47)的至少一个角区域中的该内壁和/或该外壁(65)的该开口(66)的轮廓(71)呈V形。
22.根据权利要求21所述的装置，
其特征在于，
在该缝隙(47)的所有角区域中的该内壁和/或该外壁(65)的该开口(66)的轮廓(71)呈V形。
23.根据权利要求17所述的装置，
其特征在于，
该缝隙(47)的宽度小于3毫米。
24.根据权利要求23所述的装置，
其特征在于，
该缝隙(47)的宽度小于2毫米。
25.用于形成包装(2)的方法，
-其中分别平行地并且至少局部地加热多个放置在不同的芯轴轮(8)上的包装外壳(6)的末端区域(10)，
-其中为了平行地、至少局部地加热，分别至少局部地引导放置在不同的芯轴轮(8)上的该包装外壳(6)的该末端区域(10)进入到根据权利要求1至24中任一项所述的装置的加热装置(40)的缝隙(47)中并且在该缝隙(47)中使用热空气吹风，
-其中通过密封封闭该至少两个包装外壳(6)的已经至少局部加热的末端区域(10)，
-其中通过送风装置(41)输送待加热的空气给该至少两个加热装置(40)，
-其中该至少两个加热装置(40)分别单独地通过至少一个支架(49)支撑在该送风装置(41)上。
26.根据权利要求25所述的方法，
其特征在于，
该方法用于形成纸板复合材料包装。
27.根据权利要求25所述的方法，
其特征在于，
平行地通过密封封闭该至少两个包装外壳(6)的已经至少局部加热的末端区域(10)。
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