CN108323265A - A kind of soil improving method - Google Patents
A kind of soil improving method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108323265A CN108323265A CN201810266621.2A CN201810266621A CN108323265A CN 108323265 A CN108323265 A CN 108323265A CN 201810266621 A CN201810266621 A CN 201810266621A CN 108323265 A CN108323265 A CN 108323265A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Biotechnology (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Molecular Biology (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of technical field of land improvement, especially a kind of soil improving method.The present invention in order to solve presently, there are improvement soil it is of high cost, technology is responsible for, in order to restore soil vitality, reduce operating cost, provide a kind of soil improving method.The method of the present invention step includes：1, soil salt discharge alkali composition, 2, carry out subregion to soil, 3, wait for soil moisture content natural evaporation to after 16 20%, organic fertilizer.4, it applies fertilizer, the organic fertilizer that above-mentioned steps are prepared applies fertilizer according to the amount of 2 2.5 kilograms of every square meter.Through the above steps, the soil organism can be made to increase, rejuvenated, improve crop quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technical field of land improvement, especially a kind of soil improving method.
Technical background
The end of the year 2017, central rural work Meeting Held clearly propose the strategic requirement revitalized in rural area.China is an agriculture
State of sparetime university, agricultural population are numerous.By the vicennial urbanization of reform and opening-up peace treaty in 40 years, agricultural industry obtained greatly
Development.Especially scientific and technical progress makes the mode of production of agricultural obtain revolutionary change.The yield and matter of agricultural product
Amount and kind have obtained unprecedented raising.Living standards of the people have also reached all-time high, revolutionize agricultural and lean on day
The history having a meal.
In all agriculture production technologies, the use of chemical fertilizer can be described as one of foundation stone for promoting agricultural industry to find.
Chemical fertilizer abbreviation chemical fertilizer.With chemistry and（Or）The nutrition needed containing one or more of crop growths made of physical method
The fertilizer of element.Also referred to as inorganic fertilizer, including nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer, micro- fertilizer, compound fertilizer etc..For supplementing nitrogen phosphorus in soil
The elements such as potassium can promote crop growth, improve yield.
Normal soil texture various elements comparision contents are uniform.Because chemical fertilizer contains a large amount of inorganic salts, largely apply for a long time
With soil inorganic salt content can be made to increase, soil physics structure is destroyed, and causes hardened and acidification；Under the conditions of soil hardening,
Soil porosity reduce, permeability is poor, ground temperature reduce, cause the activity of aerobic microorganism in soil to be suppressed, water, gas,
Hot situation cannot be coordinated well, and fertilizer, fertilizer conservation, water holding capacity are weak.Soil hardening has also delayed the decomposition of organic matter, soil
Physicochemical property runs down, and soil fertility gradually fails, and soil fertility declines therewith, cannot meet corn growth well.Danger
One of evil is exactly the normal growth of k-index, and crop yield is caused to continue to decline.Since 30 years especially nearly, chemical fertilizer large area
It uses, the ability of devoting exclusive attention to output of soil has reached the limit.People engaged in agriculture are insufficient to the attention degree of soil pollution, with
Living standards of the people improve, and are stepped up to the quality requirements of agricultural product, however, it was found that these soil can no longer provide height
Quality product can not also be improved by planting technology.
Such as we often complain that, cucumber, the crops such as tomato, although a big bright color, not as good as a child several
It is in good taste before 10 years, lack due fragrance.Main cause is greenhouse gardening and a large amount of consequences for using chemical fertilizer.Soil shortage has
Machine object, can not provide more trace elements and organic matter promotes odourant molecules synthesis, we can only be by improveing soil come extensive
The original vigor appearance of earth backing earth promotes product quality to improve.In existing patent document, application number：201510523288.5
Disclose a kind of soil restoring technology, scheme includes that first partition is horizontally inserted into soil to be repaired respectively, among first partition
Height, surrounding are low, and surrounding edge upwardly extends one section of formation catch basin；There is second partition interlayer, every four second partitions to be formed
One square tube；Snorkel is located among adjacent first partition；Multiple ventholes are opened up on snorkel；It is opened up on water service pipe multiple logical
Water hole；It is provided with air borne sensor and temperature sensor on the snorkel in adjacent vent holes centre position；In adjacent water flowing
PH value sensor and humidity sensor are provided on the water service pipe in hole centre position；Exhaust tube, drainpipe, drinking-water pipe pass through
Two partition board interval layer depths enter second partition；Exhaust tube one end is connected with snorkel, and the exhaust tube other end is connect with the second motor；
Drinking-water pipe one end is connected with water service pipe, and the drinking-water pipe other end is connect with third motor；Drainpipe is provided with multiple drainings upper
Portion, Drainage Division are respectively protruding into catch basin, and the other end is connect with first motor.
The technical solution has used extremely complex technical equipment, is difficult to promote in the vast rural areas.Such as use
Soil is divided into independent solid region by one partition board and second partition, is then repaired to each block, theoretically, can be with
Water is sent in soil by water service pipe, cleaning action of the reality to soil.But in fact, the component used is excessive, the behaviour
It is extremely difficult to make method, use is extremely inconvenient, especially first partition, in the case where soil does not have scarifying, it is virtually impossible to directly
It is inserted in parallel into soil.
In certain rural areas, is irrigated commonly using the method for broad irrigation, waste very much water source.We combine broad irrigation this
A kind of kind situation, it is proposed that low-cost improvement soil technology.
Invention content
The present invention in order to solve presently, there are improvement soil it is of high cost, technology be responsible for, in order to restore soil work
Power reduces operating cost, provides a kind of soil improving method.
The method of the present invention step includes：
（1）, soil salt discharge alkali composition,
Soil deep tillage, using rotary cultivator, depth of turning soil is 1 meter, and soil is broken after digging, and soil fragment is wide with the maximum of monolithic
Degree is no more than subject to 10cm（Irregular block, all width there are one maximum direction, we measure maximum width with ruler and make
It is crushed standard to weigh its, such as two tablets can be taken, soil block is put into ground, knot is placed with the natural stability of soil block
Subject to structure, soil block is clamped by two boards, finds maximum length）.
（2）, to soil carry out subregion,
The square that each area is 10m, usage mining machine excavate isolation channel along square side, 1 meter of groove depth are isolated, in isolation channel
Interior placement isolation board, isolation board head and the tail connect into square, and isolation board height is 1.5m, and the heart plays draining in the square
Hole, draining bore dia are not less than 1 meter, and depth is no less than 2m, and adjutage is arranged in osculum, and adjutage bottom is sieve knot
Structure, adjutage peripheral wall are equipped with filter opening, are symmetrical arranged four or more interior isolation boards around adjutage, interior isolation board it is another
It is connected on one side with isolation board, then by water pump, feed pipe supplies water 1 cube to the regional water supply in isolation board according to every square meter
Then the confluent of rice observes the return water situation in adjutage, after there is return water, starts discharge of drawing water, arranged by pipe special
It is put into appointed place, return water extraction amount is no less than 2/3rds of pushing quantity, remaining is leakage.
After completing a unit, the isolation board on three sides is extracted, next unit is formed in conjunction with another side, carries out down
One unit salt discharge operation.
Since soil is ploughed deeply, and soil block gap is very big, so water inlet can penetrate into and stir soil layer quickly, does not stir soil
Layer is dense, and it is less to absorb water.It is extracted after salt alkaloid substance in most of water dissolution soil, reaches salt discharge effect.
If do not digged, soil layer is fine and close, and the caking of especially hardened formation, water penetration is slow, and water penetration solution rate is slack-off, brings
Consequence be that water flows away along earth's surface, do not have the effect of salt discharge.
(3), after waiting for soil moisture content natural evaporation to 16-20%, organic fertilizer,
The preparation method of organic fertilizer is raw material：The maize straw of 1000 parts by weight, crushes, and chicken manure is sprinkling upon jade by 100 parts of chicken manures
On rice stalk, stirring, stirring when, adds 100 kilograms of water, soaks 3-5 hour, adds leavening, maize straw selection
The fresh corn stalk in 10 days after corn is collected,
The leavening is mixed bacteria, chooses following strain：Lactococcus garvieae Lactococcus garvieaes,
Trichosporon asahii A Shi trichosporon cutaneums, Eubacterium limosum mucus Eubacterium, Clostridium
Bifermentans clostridium bifermentans, Ceotruchum penicillatum Pan Shi the thick shape of mould, Candida valida it is false
Silk yeast, Candida pelliculosa candida pelliculosas, Bifidobacterium dentium bifidobacterium dentiums,
The Maxwells Actinomyces meyeri actinomyces, Candida utilis candida utili；
Fluid nutrient medium is prepared, content of each component in 1.0L distilled water is in the fluid nutrient medium：Peptone
15.0g, beef extract 12.1g, glucose 5.0g, sodium acetate 5.0g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2.8g, lecithin 1.6g, Tween 80-
6.5g, adjustment pH value 7.5-8.0.
It is aseptically inoculated into liquid medium respectively, 28 DEG C~32 DEG C single Spawn incubations 24~48 hours, point
Lactococcus garvieae Lactococcus garvieae culture solutions, bacterium number >=5.0 × 10 are not obtained9cfu/ml；Trichosporon
Asahii A Shi trichosporon cutaneums culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；Eubacterium limosum mucus Eubacteriums
Culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；Clostridium bifermentans clostridium bifermentans culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0
×109cfu/ml；The ground Ceotruchum penicillatum Pan Shi mould culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；
Candida valida candida validas culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；Candida pelliculosa bacterium
Film Candida culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；Bifidobacterium dentium bifidobacterium dentium cultures
Liquid, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；The Maxwells Actinomyces meyeri unwrapping wire bacteria culture fluid, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/
ml；Candida utilis candida utili culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109Cfu/ml, above-mentioned list bacteria culture fluid point
10 liters are not taken, are mixed and made into composite bacteria liquid.
Maize straw crushes, and water spray moistening spreads 30 centimetres, sprays once-combined bacterium solution, repaves 30 centimetres, sprinkling is primary
Bacterium solution, repeatedly 5 layers always, then earthing, spontaneous fermentation 10-15 days opens fermentation deposit and earthing stirring is equal when use
Even use.
This organic fertilizer can change soil texture, restore soil vitality, promote plant root system development, improve plant to nitrogen,
The absorptivity of phosphorus, potassium element and trace element, while the high temperature that ferments has eliminated the worm's ovum in stalk, ruderal species.Stalk simultaneously
It is rich in multiple-microorganism after decomposed, continues actively, ground temperature can be improved, effectively improve percentage of seedgermination in the soil.It does not ferment
Stalk in carbon-nitrogen ratio it is too high, after being directly applied in soil, can under the action of edaphon, fight for soil in nitrogen
Microbial cells are bred, cause to strive nitrogen phenomenon with plant.Carbon can be decomposed in advance by fermentation, reduced to soil
The nutritional effect of earth microorganism.Although there are a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur, magnesium ... to wait fertilizer elements in stalk, they are in straw
Mostly exist with bonding state in stalk, be such as present in lignin and hemicellulose structure, cannot be absorbed by plants, for another example with phytic acid
Phosphorus form exists, and causes phosphorus that cannot be absorbed by plants, and by compound bacteria-fermented, generates a variety of compound enzymes, can fast softening,
It is catalyzed straw to decompose, the organic matter that cannot be utilized in straw is decomposed, discharge N P and K, the calcium in straw, the mines such as magnesium
Material element fully converts the microelement substance in straw, improves straw utilization rate, while composite bacteria can also kill soil
Harmful bacterium in earth has denitrifying bacteria etc., and beneficial bacterium is promoted to have the life of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, nitrobacteria and saprophytic bacteria
Long breeding.
（4）, fertilising, the organic fertilizer that above-mentioned steps are prepared is sprinkled upon earth's surface according to the amount of 2-2.5 kilograms of every square meter,
Soil is ploughed deeply, tilling depth is controlled in 50-60cm, again in earth's surface according to 2-2.5 kilograms of every square meter after ploughing deeply
Amount spreads one layer of organic fertilizer, and then arable land is ploughed deeply, and ploughs deeply control in 20-25cm depth.By applying fertilizer and ploughing deeply twice, can make
It is all mixed with organic fertilizer in the range of 50cm below earth's surface, the humus formed in organic fertilizer, various floras and organic
Object, the substances such as enzyme are sufficiently mixed with soil, after 1 year recuperation period, can be restored soil vitality, be improved the fertile of soil
Degree has remarkable effect for improving crops quality.
And it was found that the preparation method of organic fertilizer is different, the enzyme that microorganism generates is also different, what decomposing straw was formed
Organic matter is also different, and for different crops, effect is also not quite similar.
Through the above scheme, can enabling knotts clay earth, fertility level restores and improves within a short period of time, soil speed
It imitates nitrogen and reaches 35-40mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 6-8mg/kg, the soil organism such as humus 12mg/kg or so；Structural improvement, soil hole
Porosity increased, and unit weight reduces, and be convenient for farming；Soil effective microbe quantity enhances, increased activity, and Nutrient Transformation absorbs
Soon, advantageous crop growth, crop quality have the progress of matter compared with before improvement.
And compared with the documents in background technology, documents have used two first partitions, and first every
Plate requires intermediate height, surrounding low, and surrounding edge upwardly extends one section of formation catch basin；Four second partitions, snorkel, and ventilate
Multiple ventholes are opened up on pipe；Multiple limbers are opened up on water service pipe；Air borne sensor and temperature sensor；PH value sensor
And humidity sensor, three pumping motors.
The technical program has only used isolation board and an adjutage in four pieces big isolation board and four pieces, a draining
Pump（Motor）, you can the filtering washing and cleaning operation of soil is completed, and by broad irrigation, the salts substances in soil can be made to obtain
It to abundant solvent, and flows out, the inorganic salts in soil is made to be cleaned.In terms of use cost angle, it is assumed that all use identical
Material, such as all using steel plate as isolated material, the technical program cost is only that document is pointed out in background technology
One third, and it is easy to operate succinct, it is particularly suitable for large area plot and repairs use.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that soil block divides structural map
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged view of Fig. 1
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of Fig. 1.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment 1, a kind of soil remediation method, step include（1）, soil salt discharge alkali composition,
Soil deep tillage, using rotary cultivator, depth of turning soil is 1 meter, and soil is broken after digging, and soil fragment is wide with the maximum of monolithic
Degree is no more than subject to 10cm（Irregular block, all width there are one maximum direction, we measure maximum width with ruler and make
It is crushed standard to weigh its, such as two tablets can be taken, soil block is put into ground, knot is placed with the natural stability of soil block
Subject to structure, soil block is clamped by two boards, finds maximum length）.
（2）, to soil carry out subregion,
As schematically shown in Figure 1, each area is the square of 10m（Should not be too big, also should not be too small, area is too big, and the flowing of water can not
Control, cleaning is not thorough, and area is too small, then wastes water and manpower）, usage mining machine is along square side excavation isolation channel, isolation
1 meter of groove depth places four isolation boards in isolation channel, and isolation board head and the tail connect into square, as schematically shown in Figure 2, horizontal
To 1 one end of isolation board be dovetail groove, longitudinal 2 one end of isolation board be wedge block, combine, can make square four
Isolation board is tightly coupled together, prevents from being strutted by water, and isolation board height is 1.5m, and the heart plays draining with drilling machine in the square
Hole, draining bore dia are not less than 1 meter, and depth is no less than 2m, and adjutage 4 is arranged in osculum, and adjutage bottom is sieve knot
Structure 6, adjutage peripheral wall are equipped with filter opening,
Meaning as shown in Figure 2,3 is symmetrical arranged four or more interior isolation boards 5, the another side of interior isolation board around adjutage
It is connected with isolation board, then by water pump, feed pipe supplies water 1 cubic metre to the regional water supply in isolation board according to every square meter
Then confluent observes the return water situation in adjutage, after there is return water, starts discharge of drawing water, be discharged by pipe special
Appointed place, return water extraction amount are no less than 2/3rds of pushing quantity, remaining is leakage.
In conjunction with the broad irrigation during irrigation, a large amount of water is introduced into isolation board region, is leaked from top to bottom, so
Rear portion focuses in adjutage, and another part is permeated into deeper stratum.
After completing a unit, usage mining machine is extracted the isolation board on three sides by suspension hook, in conjunction with another side group
At next unit, next unit salt discharge operation is carried out.
Since soil is ploughed deeply, and soil block gap is very big, so water inlet can penetrate into and stir soil layer quickly, does not stir soil
Layer is dense, and it is less to absorb water.Moreover, after soil deep tillage, loosing soil is also beneficial to the insertion operation of isolation board.Greatly
It is extracted after salt alkaloid substance in part aqueous solution soil, reaches salt discharge effect.If do not digged, soil layer is fine and close, especially
It is the caking of hardened formation, and water penetration is slow, and water penetration solution rate is slack-off, and the consequence brought is that water flows away along earth's surface, is risen
Less than the effect of salt discharge.
3, after waiting for soil moisture content natural evaporation to 16-20%, detection P in soil H values are 7.1, then organic fertilizer,
The preparation method of organic fertilizer is raw material：The maize straw of 1000 parts by weight, crushes, and chicken manure is sprinkling upon jade by 100 parts of chicken manures
On rice stalk, stirring, stirring when, adds 100 kilograms of water, soaks 3-5 hour, adds leavening, maize straw selection
The fresh corn stalk in 10 days after corn is collected,
The leavening is mixed bacteria, chooses following strain：Lactococcus garvieae Lactococcus garvieaes,
Trichosporon asahii A Shi trichosporon cutaneums, Eubacterium limosum mucus Eubacterium, Clostridium
Bifermentans clostridium bifermentans, Ceotruchum penicillatum Pan Shi the thick shape of mould, Candida valida it is false
Silk yeast, Candida pelliculosa candida pelliculosas, Bifidobacterium dentium bifidobacterium dentiums,
The Maxwells Actinomyces meyeri actinomyces, Candida utilis candida utili
Fluid nutrient medium is prepared, content of each component in 1.0L distilled water is in the fluid nutrient medium：Peptone
15.0g, beef extract 12.1g, glucose 5.0g, sodium acetate 5.0g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2.8g, lecithin 1.6g, Tween 80-
6.5g, adjustment pH value 7.5-8.0.
It is aseptically inoculated into liquid medium respectively, 28 DEG C~32 DEG C single Spawn incubations 24~48 hours, point
Lactococcus garvieae Lactococcus garvieae culture solutions, bacterium number >=5.0 × 10 are not obtained9cfu/ml；Trichosporon
Asahii A Shi trichosporon cutaneums culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；Eubacterium limosum mucus Eubacteriums
Culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；Clostridium bifermentans clostridium bifermentans culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0
×109cfu/ml；The ground Ceotruchum penicillatum Pan Shi mould culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；
Candida valida candida validas culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；Candida pelliculosa bacterium
Film Candida culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；Bifidobacterium dentium bifidobacterium dentium cultures
Liquid, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；The Maxwells Actinomyces meyeri unwrapping wire bacteria culture fluid, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/
ml；Candida utilis candida utili culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109Cfu/ml, above-mentioned list bacteria culture fluid point
10 liters are not taken, are mixed and made into composite bacteria liquid.
Maize straw crushes, and water spray moistening spreads 30 centimetres, sprays once-combined bacterium solution, repaves 30 centimetres, sprinkling is primary
Bacterium solution, repeatedly 5 layers always, then earthing, spontaneous fermentation 10-15 days opens fermentation deposit and earthing stirring is equal when use
Even use.
Harvest corn season is autumn, and maize straw is just used as organic matter returning to the field, by the corruption of the underground in winter and spring
It is ripe, soil restoration fertility can be made.
Organic cucumber is planted by the technical program treated soil species and organic tomato test is summarized
By cell blocking test, effect of the verification the technical program on the organic vegetable planting base of Shanxi Province Fanzhi County is
It is widely applied and scientific basis is provided.
, experimental design
1.1 test sites and time：Test site in April, 2017 to August, is located at the Shanxi Province Fanzhi County towns great Ying, and two pieces of ground divide
Not Wei Organic cucumber trial zone, organic tomato test area, every piece of 3 mu of area.The plot was corn planting plot for many years originally, long
Phase, soil hardening was serious to fertilize.
For studying object：Cucumber.Select agricultural university 12.Tomato.Select Xi'an Jinpeng.
For trying fertilizer：This testing program is made of technical solution of the present invention, routine using sheep manure control and blank control.
Plot experimental design and method：Experiment uses RANDOMIZED BLOCK DESIGN, three trial zones of this experimental design each to test
1 mu of area's area is mutually neighbour, this experimental group occupy middle part, and organic fertilizer control and blank control are respectively provided at both sides.Block of cells phase
Neighbour's design can make miniclimate, such as temperature, humidity and sunshine, pest and disease damage, laxative, the measures basic one such as management to greatest extent
It causes, effect of the invention feature in plant growth could be embodied in this way.
Test process：Experiment sets tri- regions A, B, C, wherein processing A is the technical program, processing B is Routine control, place
Reason C is blank control.
Handle A：Soil is handled according to embodiment 1.
Handle B：Soil is applied 2000 ㎏ of sheep manure/mu and is ploughed deeply.
Handle C：Do not apply fertilizer material.
Experimental field basic condition：Between height above sea level 600-700 meters of this area, the summer temperature difference is big, and day and night temperature can reach
20 DEG C, pole is conducive to the accumulation of crop sugar part.
, field management
Three blocks in Organic cucumber trial zone, sowing cucumber seed, mid-April time carry out selecting seedling thinning after emergence, make mu
1000 plants of strain number.Then it waters, loosen the soil and insert rack, ties up climing processing.Start to adopt melon within 25~30 days or so after field planting, adopt
40~60 days or so receipts phase.In picking time, once every watering in 7 days.
Three, organic tomato test area block, April, early and middle ten days started to be colonized, and two rows, 0.4 meter of spacing in the rows, row are colonized per ridge
Away from 0.55 meter, one seedling of a cave, mu broadcasts 3000 seedlings or so.It is watered with field planting water after field planting, sends out seedling to facilitate rooting.Then it is poured
Water loosens the soil and insert rack, ties up climing processing.Start to bloom within 25~30 days or so after field planting, bear fruit, 40~60 days or so picking time.
In picking time, once every watering in 7 days.
, test results and analysis
The cucumber that we randomly select three blocks carries out component content test.（The substance of cucumber faint scent is especially presented,
Such as：2 is anti-, 6 cis- nonadienals, the anti-nonenyl aldehydes of 2-, 1 nonyl alcohol, 2 trans- nonylene-1 -ol, 3 cis- nonylene-1 -ol, 6 cis- nonylene-1s-
It is alcohol, 2 anti-, it is 6 cis- nonadiene -1- alcohol, 3 suitable, 6 cis- nonadiene -1- alcohol, 6 cis- nonenols and C10 ~ C15 saturated straight chain aldehyde etc. at
Point）.
Table 1,1-1 cucumber various composition content balances（Per 100g）
Table 1-1
It is unknown by can be seen that three kinds of processing schemes influence cucumber yield to the key data of Field observation record and species test
It is aobvious, but product quality constitutes large effect.Obtained cucumber is planted, crispy faint scent complies fully with Organic cucumber mark
It is accurate.
The tomato that we randomly select three blocks carries out component content test.
Table 2,2-1 tomato various composition content balances（Per 100g）
Table 2-1
By can be seen that three kinds of processing schemes influence not tomato production to the key data of Field observation record and species test
Obviously, but product quality constitutes large effect.Plant obtained tomato, crispy is felt well sweet tea, and fruity is more rich, normal
The lower storage time of temperature is common tomato twice, complies fully with Organic cucumber standard.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of soil improving method, it is characterized in that step includes：
（1）, soil salt discharge alkali composition,
Soil deep tillage, using rotary cultivator, depth of turning soil is 1 meter, and soil is broken after digging, and soil fragment is wide with the maximum of monolithic
Degree is not more than subject to 10cm,
（2）, to soil carry out subregion,
The square that each area is 10m, usage mining machine excavate isolation channel along square side, 1 meter of groove depth are isolated, in isolation channel
Interior placement isolation board, isolation board head and the tail connect into square, and isolation board height is 1.5m, and the heart plays draining in the square
Hole, draining bore dia are not less than 1 meter, and depth is no less than 2m, and adjutage is arranged in osculum, and adjutage bottom is sieve knot
Structure, adjutage peripheral wall are equipped with filter opening, are symmetrical arranged four or more interior isolation boards around adjutage, interior isolation board it is another
It is connected on one side with isolation board, then by water pump, feed pipe supplies water 1 cube to the regional water supply in isolation board according to every square meter
Then the confluent of rice observes the return water situation in adjutage, after there is return water, starts discharge of drawing water, arranged by pipe special
It is put into appointed place, return water extraction amount is no less than 2/3rds of pushing quantity, remaining is leakage, will after completing a unit
The isolation board on three sides is extracted, and is formed next unit in conjunction with the last one side, is carried out next unit salt discharge operation,
(3), after waiting for soil moisture content natural evaporation to 16-20%, organic fertilizer,
（4）, fertilising, the organic fertilizer that above-mentioned steps are prepared is sprinkled upon earth's surface, to soil according to the amount of 2-2.5 kilograms of every square meter
Earth is ploughed deeply, and tilling depth is controlled in 50-60cm, is spread again according to the amount of 2-2.5 kilograms of every square meter in earth's surface after ploughing deeply
Then one layer of organic fertilizer is ploughed and is ploughed deeply, plough deeply control in 20-25cm depth.
2. soil improving method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the preparation method of organic fertilizer is raw material：1000 weights
The maize straw of part to be measured, is crushed, chicken manure is sprinkling upon on maize straw by 100 parts of chicken manures, stirs, and stirring when adds 100 kilograms of water,
Wetting 3-5 hour, adds leavening, the maize straw is chosen collect corn after fresh corn stalk in 10 days, jade
Rice stalk, crushes, and water spray moistening spreads 30 centimetres, sprays once-combined bacterium solution, repave 30 centimetres, sprays a bacterium solution, weigh always
Multiple 5 layers, then earthing, spontaneous fermentation 10-15 days, when use the deposit that will ferment open and earthing stirs evenly use.
3. soil improving method according to claim 2 chooses following bacterium it is characterized in that the leavening is mixed bacteria
Kind：Lactococcus garvieae Lactococcus garvieaes, Trichosporon asahii A Shi trichosporon cutaneums,
Eubacterium limosum mucus Eubacterium, Clostridium bifermentans clostridium bifermentans, Ceotruchum
Penicillatum Pan Shi mould, Candida valida candida validas, Candida pelliculosa mycoderms it is false
Silk yeast, Bifidobacterium dentium bifidobacterium dentiums, the Maxwells Actinomyces meyeri actinomyces,
Candida utilis candida utili；
Fluid nutrient medium is prepared, content of each component in 1.0L distilled water is in the fluid nutrient medium：Peptone
15.0g, beef extract 12.1g, glucose 5.0g, sodium acetate 5.0g, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate 2.8g, lecithin 1.6g, Tween 80-
6.5g, adjustment pH value 7.5-8.0,
It is aseptically inoculated into liquid medium respectively, 28 DEG C~32 DEG C single Spawn incubations 24~48 hours, respectively
To Lactococcus garvieae Lactococcus garvieae culture solutions, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；Trichosporon
Asahii A Shi trichosporon cutaneums culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；Eubacterium limosum mucus Eubacteriums
Culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；Clostridium bifermentans clostridium bifermentans culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0
×109cfu/ml；The ground Ceotruchum penicillatum Pan Shi mould culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；
Candida valida candida validas culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；Candida pelliculosa bacterium
Film Candida culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；Bifidobacterium dentium bifidobacterium dentium cultures
Liquid, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/ml；The Maxwells Actinomyces meyeri unwrapping wire bacteria culture fluid, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109cfu/
ml；Candida utilis candida utili culture solution, bacterium number >=5.0 × 109Cfu/ml, above-mentioned list bacteria culture fluid point
10 liters are not taken, are mixed and made into composite bacteria liquid.
4. soil improving method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that lateral isolation board one end is dovetail groove, it is longitudinal
Isolation board one end be wedge block, four isolation boards combine, and square four isolation boards can be made to be tightly coupled one
It rises.
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| CN109906703A (en) * | 2019-02-15 | 2019-06-21 | 中国环境科学研究院 | A kind of method of urase and phosphatase content in raising farmland |
| CN113200794A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-03 | 北京比奥瑞生物科技有限公司 | Method for improving and repairing soil by using quaternary method |
| CN114507095A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-05-17 | 承德宝通矿业有限公司 | Organic fertilizer prepared from phosphorus-containing fine-fraction iron ore tailings and preparation method thereof |
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