CN104221522B - A kind of modification method of discarded salt pan - Google Patents
A kind of modification method of discarded salt pan Download PDFInfo
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- CN104221522B CN104221522B CN201410414028.XA CN201410414028A CN104221522B CN 104221522 B CN104221522 B CN 104221522B CN 201410414028 A CN201410414028 A CN 201410414028A CN 104221522 B CN104221522 B CN 104221522B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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Abstract
The present invention relates to improvement field, salt pan, particularly a kind of modification method of discarded salt pan. Its step is as follows: 1) prepare: in discarded salt field, salt discharge device is set; 2) first to Soil leaching salt reduction; 3) spray biological desalter, utilize biotechnology to improve soil; 4) carrying out secondary pours water: fill with on row limit, limit, and trickle in salt discharge device is drained in time; 5) seedbed preparation; 6) water and fertilizer management in growth period. The salt content in the discarded salt pan of transforming through method of the present invention can be down to below 0.3%, and discarded salt pan has become good farmland, greatly increases cultivated area, guarantees grain security. Discarded salt pan second ploughing is the staple food supply problem of the good farmland population that can solve China's rapid growth, economic benefit, social benefit, ecological benefits, science and technology demonstration remarkable benefit.
Description
(1) technical field
The present invention relates to improvement field, salt pan, particularly a kind of modification method of discarded salt pan.
(2) background technology
In recent years, the raw industry entry in saltern was walked with difficulty the stage, and a lot of salt pans become abandoned land, these abandoned lands due toThe nutritional labelings such as by sea water immersion, soil aggregate is destroyed for many years, organic loss is serious, workability of soil extreme difference, soilEarth hardens, and the soil weight is large, and penetration declines, and particularly soil salt content is high, and higher reaches more than 1.5%, and crops are notCan normal growth. At present, reclaimed as farmland in discarded salt pan, do not have technically breakthrough both at home and abroad, this scientific and technological content of workingHeight, fund input is large, and effect is not remarkable.
(3) summary of the invention
The present invention, in order to make up the defect of prior art, provides a kind of and can effectively improve the discarded of discarded salt pan salt contentThe modification method in salt pan.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The modification method in discarded salt pan, is characterized in that, step is as follows:
1) prepare: in discarded salt field, salt discharge device is set;
2) first to Soil leaching salt reduction: the soil in salt pan is bulldozed with bull-dozer, tilling depth 30cm, then alkali is pressed in diversionThe desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching, adopts broad irrigation, keeps depth of water 30cm, continues to soak 3 days, then the trickle in salt discharge device is drained in time;
3) spray biological desalter, utilize biotechnology to improve soil: ground is done latter every mu and adopted desalter 5kg to addWater 50kg converts into solution and evenly sprays soil, adds deep plough level, makes the soil of ground moistening for a long time in loose aeration status;
4) carrying out secondary pours water: fill with on row limit, limit, and trickle in salt discharge device is drained in time;
5) seedbed preparation: first cut high pad low, by leveling land, alleviate saline and alkaline harm, then deep ploughing is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, and cuts off hairTubule, improves soil activation, and the fertility of soil and transparent performance; In whole ground process, adopting wets ploughs, the method for dry harrowing;
6) water and fertilizer management in growth period: water and survive the winter water once in during Wintering Period mid or late November; Spring irrigation is than other ground 5-7 in advanceIt waters once, draws hoe and loosen the soil after watering; Before dead height of seedling in spring peak, pour water once, irrigation quantity is 200～300 cubes/mu,Allow under fresh water nature and ooze.
Described salt discharge device is salt discharge ditch, and 5 meters of described salt discharge furrow widths, dig one every 40 meters by dark 3 meters.
Described salt discharge device can also, for the hidden pipe in the salt field that is laid in advance, have some water seepage holes on described hidden pipe.
Before sowing, the part plot that salt content is high is after testing supplemented to fresh water and irrigate, irrigation quantity is 200～300 cubes/mu,Allow under fresh water nature and ooze, then impose fertilizer, every mu of consumption 2000kg is used in conjunction with 64%(N-18P-46 simultaneously) phosphoric acidTwo ammonium 50kg.
Described fertilizer is the cow dung of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
In step 5), in the time of whole ground, sow organic manure in salt field, every mu of 60～100kg.
Described organic manure comprises actinomyces, decomposer, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, rotten fishes and shrimps and ammoniaBase acid.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Salt content through the discarded salt pan of method of the present invention transformation can be down to below 0.3%, original salt content high andThe discarded salt pan that is not suitable for plant growth is just transformed into the farmland of crops suitable growth, greatly increases cultivated area, guaranteesGrain security. Discarded second ploughing is the staple food supply problem of the good farmland population that can solve China's rapid growth, economic benefit, society's effectBenefit, ecological benefits, science and technology demonstration remarkable benefit. In two years that in project test block, transformation is ploughed, crops harvest situationWell, the Wheat and Corn and Cotton of plantation, all reaches the output standard in normal arable land.
(4) detailed description of the invention
Be specific embodiments of the invention below:
The state-owned land that the present embodiment is chosen the second saltern use of former Wudi County improves as Project Areas, this Project AreasInterior landforms are alluvial plain of Huanghe, and physical features is more smooth; Soil types is strand moisture soil, and the soil texture is taking middle earth as main, farmingCondition facility, soil layer is deep, and arable land oeverall quality is good. Natural vegetation, taking green bristlegrass, Herba Heteropappi Altaici as main, has reed and river deer concurrentlyThatch. Be developed as salt pan the eighties in last century. In development process, be bulldozed the evaporating area as salt pan with bull-dozer, soil surface is subject toTo destroying, collapse dept 0.5m left and right, increases the weight of soil salt content. Due to Project Areas discarded stopping using for a long time, invaded by original seawaterErosion and near fresh water neutralization, soil salt content is still very high, average out to 1.24%, the content of organic matter is extremely low, soil arabilityPoor. Improvement steps to this Project Areas is as follows:
1, science layout water conservancy projects
According to project planning, repair farmland water conservancy works, first the salt solution in salt pan is all drained, emptying. Again at itemIn order district, new excavation is wide 5.0 meters, and 26, the high standard salt discharge ditch of dark 3.0 meters, every 40 meters one, with the stylish production road 4 of repairingBar, one, 8 meters of arch bridges, pass by one's way and wear 150, letter, 2 of small-sized check gates, 2, pumping station. Can also lay secretly in salt field in advancePipe excavates some water seepage holes on hidden pipe, replaces salt discharge ditch by hidden pipe
2, first to Soil leaching salt reduction
Soil is carried out to the comprehensive regulation, adopt bull-dozer that the soil in embanked field is bulldozed, and by soil deep ploughing, tilling depth30cm. Then alkali cleaning salt is pressed in diversion, quotes the river fresh water with family, carries out broad irrigation, keeps depth of water 30.0cm, continue to soak 3 days,Then trickle in salt discharge ditch is drained in time.
3, spray biological desalter, utilize biotechnology to improve soil.
Do after, every mu adopts 5 kilograms of biological desalters to be watered 50 kilograms to convert into solution and evenly spray soil. Add deep plough level30～35cm, makes the soil of ground moistening for a long time in loose aeration status, is conducive to salt leaching, suppresses the accumulation of salt in the surface soil. Now canTo supplement abundant fertilizer as cow dung of becoming thoroughly decomposed etc., be advisable with 2～3000kg/ mu, improve the buffer capacity of soil. Also canTo enrich the humus such as rotten fishes and shrimps, humic mass-energy effectively forms sodium humate in conjunction with sodium ion unnecessary in soil, reducesSurface soil alkalinity. Sodium humate can also stimulate plant growth, strengthens saline-alkaline tolerance. Organic nutrient preserving capability, the guarantor that can improve soilWater-based and aeration, reduce evaporation, suppresses salinity. The organic acid producing in microorganism growth process, sweetening of the soil alkaline,Accelerate the decomposition of nutrient, thereby be conducive to the drip washing of saline-alkali soil salinity.
4, after doing, carry out secondary and pour water, while pouring water, draining continues 2 days, and trickle in salt discharge ditch is drained in time. SaltIn field, salt solution drains, the chemical examination of fetching earth. 5 samplings are taked in each salt pan, sample native degree of depth 0-20cm, and 15 of soil samplings altogether, surveyDetermine soil salt content, pH value and the content of organic matter, measure the soil weight simultaneously. Recording the average salt content of soil is 1.245%, PHValue is 8.13. Diversion is for the first time pressed after alkali cleaning salt, when soil moisture content is suitable, and the chemical examination of fetching earth. Still take five point samplings to getSample, 0-20cm and 0-5cm soil, 50 of each soil samplings, measure soil salt content, record the average salt content of soil and reduce to0.591%, 0-5cm soil salt content mean value is 0.544%. Soil salt content declines obviously. Diversion is for the second time pressed after alkali cleaning salt,Again take five point sampling samplings, measure 0-20cm soil salt content, record average out to 0.398%, pH value is 8.44, basicReach crop growth requirement.
Find to also have part plot salt content higher if 5, rear after testing, supplement light to the high plot of these salt contentWater is irrigated, and irrigation quantity is 200 cubes～300/ mu, and the time is not limit, and allows under fresh water nature and oozes, and further reduces soil salt content,Imposing prior to seeding fertilizer is mainly the cow dung of becoming thoroughly decomposed, 2000 kilograms of every mu of consumptions; Because salt-soda soil all seriously lacks phosphorus, generally lackNitrogen, compounding application 64%(N-18P-46) Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 50kg. Can improve like this soil texture, strengthen and keep liquid manure energyPower, suppresses saline and alkaline and swashes, and improves ground temperature.
6, seedbed preparation
First organic manure is sowed in salt field, every mu of 60～100kg, and organic fertilizer comprises actinomyces, decomposer, photosyntheticBacterium, bacillus subtilis, rotten fishes and shrimps and amino acid; Wherein actinomyces, decomposer, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilisDeng functional microorganism, large in production period viable bacteria amount, anaerobic bacteria and aerobic bacteria synergy are manured into soil with organic substrate simultaneouslyRear breeding rapidly, degree of depth fermentation, decompose the root metabolite that affects crop regeneration in soil, fertilizer is residual, medicine is residual, increases soil fosterPoint, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, improve water-retaining property and the aeration of soil, make soil form crumb structure, prevent and treat the salinization of soil,Eliminate soil compaction, improve soil texture, and effectively suppress the growth and breeding of harmful bacteria, kill residual adult and worm in soilOvum, purifies soil, overcomes continuous cropping. Bio-feritlizer taking complex microbial community as core zymophyte, taking natural organic substance as mainTake matrix through reaching profound fermentation in 60 days, and be aided with chitin, dregs of beans, fish meal, humic acid, big-and-middle trace element is refining formsEfficiency natural fertilizer, can help soil form crumb structure, elimination is hardened, and rises slow to the harmful yin, yang ion in soilPunching effect, alkali falls in acid adjustment, suppresses the accumulation of salt in the surface soil, preserve moisture and fertility. Beneficial microbe produces multiple growth-promoting class metabolin, promotes plant rootsDeeply full of leaves, bloom bear fruit, fruit maturation, drought resisting be cold-resistant. Organic acid in metabolite is the mineral element in solubilized soil also,Fixed nitrogen, phosphorus decomposing, potassium decomposing. The essential humus of the beneficial microbe metabolites such as several amino acids and crop, mineral matter, promote cropRoot growth, improves Nutrient Absorption rate, can recover at short notice the natural vigor of soil, absorb and recovery soil in residualFertility, reaches the effect that improves fertilizer efficiency and obviously increase production. Then cut high pad low, by leveling land, alleviate saline and alkaline causing harm, thenDeep ploughing is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, and cuts off capillary, improves soil activation, and the fertility of soil and transparent performance. Be conducive to like this farming retaining,Broadcast full stand to protect wheat one. Adopt wet method of ploughing dry harrowing. Wet ploughing, can make moisture in the soil foot salt light, is beneficial to full stand; Dry harrowing, is conducive toForm granule and clod, to loose table soil, reduce saline and alkaline swash very favourable. Soil is ploughed to the leveling of rake a kind of farm tools, leave portionDivide a clod of earth, make salinity concentrate on a clod of earth, thereby alleviate the harm to wheat seeding.
7, select the sowing of salt tolerant kind
Sowing, selects salt tolerant kind Ji wheat No. 22, and every mu of sowing 25kg, increases application rate 50% than usually. Date of seeding is 10Months 24 days, than late sowing usually 20 days. Because of the low 0.5-1 DEG C of salt-soda soil general soil temperature, wheat tillering is few, and sowing date for early sowing can increaseAdd effective tillering and effective accumulated temperature before the winter. But stop over due to whole, postponed sowing time. The " Invest, Then Investigate " Basic Seedling of emerging, checks in base320,000 plants/acre of this seedlings.
8, the water and fertilizer management in growth period
Strengthen the management of wheat growth stage, from emerging to turning green, always in the anti-salt of soil peak period, be often subject to salt damage and deadSeedling. Water and survive the winter water once in during Wintering Period mid or late November. Spring irrigation is watered once than other ground in advance for 5-7 days, draws hoe pine after wateringSoil. Spring first water, can not be too early, can not be excessively late, too early, ground temperature is low, affects wheat seedling growth; Spend evening, dead seedling is many, outputLow. Before dead height of seedling in spring peak, pour water once, irrigation quantity is controlled at 200～300 cubes/mu, and the time is not limit, and allows under water natureOoze, can effectively control like this soil accumulation of salt in the surface soil.
9, gather in the crops in good time
Wheat dough stage, adopts united reaper to gather in the crops wheat. This year, 91.2301 hectares of wheats were received 410,000 public affairs altogetherJin, amounts to 300 kilograms every mu. After results, carry out straw-returning.
10, after results, again measure soil salt content
After harvesting wheat, 0-20cm soil has been carried out to salometry, mean value is 0.35%, has substantially reached commonThe standard of farming land. After harvesting wheat, plant part cotton and corn, grown fine.
Except technical characterictic described in description, all the other technical characterictics are those skilled in the art's known technology.
Claims (7)
1. the modification method in discarded salt pan, is characterized in that, step is as follows:
1) prepare: in discarded salt field, salt discharge device is set;
2) first to Soil leaching salt reduction: the soil in salt pan is bulldozed with bull-dozer, tilling depth 30cm, then alkali cleaning is pressed in diversionSalt, adopts broad irrigation, keeps depth of water 30cm, continues to soak 3 days, then the trickle in salt discharge device is drained in time;
3) spray biological desalter, utilize biotechnology to improve soil: ground is done latter every mu and adopted desalter 5kg to add water50kg converts into solution and evenly sprays soil, adds deep plough level, makes the soil of ground moistening for a long time in loose aeration status;
4) carrying out secondary pours water: fill with on row limit, limit, and trickle in salt discharge device is drained in time;
5) seedbed preparation: first cut high pad low, by leveling land, alleviate saline and alkaline causing harm, then deep ploughing is suned the earth which has been ploughed up, and cuts off capillaryPipe, improves soil activation, and the fertility of soil and transparent performance; In whole ground process, adopting wets ploughs, the method for dry harrowing;
6) water and fertilizer management in growth period: water and survive the winter water once in during Wintering Period mid or late November; Spring irrigation is watered than other ground in advance for 5-7 daysWater once, is drawn hoe and is loosened the soil after watering; Before dead height of seedling in spring peak, pour water once, irrigation quantity is 200～300 cubes/mu, allows lightUnder water nature, ooze.
2. the modification method in discarded salt pan according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described salt discharge device is salt discharge ditch, instituteState 5 meters of salt discharge furrow widths, dark 3 meters, dig one every 40 meters.
3. the modification method in discarded salt pan according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described salt discharge device is for being laid in advanceThe hidden pipe in salt field, has some water seepage holes on described hidden pipe.
4. according to the modification method in the discarded salt pan described in claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterized in that, sowing is front to part warpDetect the high plot of salt content and supplement fresh water and irrigate, irrigation quantity is 200～300 cubes/mu, allows under fresh water nature and oozes, and then chases afterOrganic fertilizer, every mu of consumption 2000kg is used in conjunction with 64% Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 50kg simultaneously, and wherein nitrogen content is 18%, phosphorus contentBe 46%.
5. the modification method in discarded salt pan according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described fertilizer is the cow dung of becoming thoroughly decomposed.
6. the modification method in discarded salt pan according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in step 5) in the time of whole ground, at saltOrganic manure is sowed in field, every mu of 60～100kg.
7. the modification method in discarded salt pan according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described organic manure comprises unwrapping wireBacterium, decomposer, photosynthetic bacteria, bacillus subtilis, rotten fishes and shrimps and amino acid.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107046837A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-08-18 | 盐城师范学院 | Coastal strongly salined soil 5N rapidly and efficiently desalination process |
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| CN106385845A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-15 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Root irrigation water-saving cultivation method for plants in secondary saline-alkali land |
| CN107114101A (en) * | 2017-06-06 | 2017-09-01 | 合肥助航生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of soil improvement method of organic vegetable greenhouse |
| CN108184358A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-06-22 | 郑晓华 | A kind of physics and the effective ways in bioconjugation improvement salt-soda soil |
| CN109220037B (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2021-11-12 | 东营顺利生物科技有限公司 | Land reconstruction and plant cultivation method |
| CN111742636A (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2020-10-09 | 杭州聚和土地规划设计有限公司 | Salt washing treatment system and method for salt pan |
| CN111892460A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-11-06 | 天津开发区坤禾生物技术有限公司 | Bio-organic fertilizer for improving soil quality of saline-alkali soil and application thereof |
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| CN112602396B (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-11-16 | 宁夏大学 | Saline-alkali soil salt-reducing and yield-increasing cultivation method |
| CN113317247A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-08-31 | 汇泰渤海水产有限责任公司 | Method for breeding pollution-free salt pan shrimps |
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| SU1120930A1 (en) * | 1981-09-02 | 1984-10-30 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Риса | Method of land reclamation of salined soils |
| CN1174668C (en) * | 2001-06-24 | 2004-11-10 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Saline-alkaline land tackling method to break several hardened clay layers |
| CN1433671A (en) * | 2003-02-27 | 2003-08-06 | 山东师范大学 | Wheat high yield cultivation technology in saline-alkali soil |
| CN100473271C (en) * | 2005-08-03 | 2009-04-01 | 东营金川水土环境工程有限公司 | System engineering method for modifying alkaline land by use of pipe drainage method |
| CN101627675B (en) * | 2009-02-20 | 2011-02-09 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | Method for improving kaline soil by layered drainage |
| CN103392404B (en) * | 2013-08-14 | 2015-06-03 | 河北省农林科学院滨海农业研究所 | Method for directly planting tree in natural soil of coast silt severe saline-alkali soil |
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| CN107046837A (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-08-18 | 盐城师范学院 | Coastal strongly salined soil 5N rapidly and efficiently desalination process |
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Denomination of invention: An improvement method of abandoned salt field Effective date of registration: 20211228 Granted publication date: 20160504 Pledgee: Industrial and Commercial Bank of China Limited Wudi sub branch Pledgor: SHANDONG WUDEI GOLD LAND DEVELOPMENT CONSTRUCTION CO.,LTD. Registration number: Y2021980016657 |