CN109220036A - A kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive processing method - Google Patents
A kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109220036A CN109220036A CN201811105855.5A CN201811105855A CN109220036A CN 109220036 A CN109220036 A CN 109220036A CN 201811105855 A CN201811105855 A CN 201811105855A CN 109220036 A CN109220036 A CN 109220036A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
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Abstract
The present invention relates to alkaline land improving technical fields, and in particular to a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive processing method.The method includes the steps of: (1) pine is ploughed deeply in salt-soda soil and plough, depth of turning soil is laid with rice straw interlayer, flat surface in 25~30cm；(2) washing salinity by irrigation 3 times, per acre water consumption 60~160 m every time3, 300~400 m of total water consumption3；(3) microbial organic fertilizer is applied in salt-soda soil, is turned over again smooth；(4) plant salt alkaline tolerance rice and with green manure plant crop rotation.The present invention can improve soil physical structure, reduce alkaline land soil water evaporation quantity, enhance retention capacity of soil, increase the content of organic matter, crop pest disaster is reduced, crop yield is improved, salinization of soil degree is reduced while improving the economic benefit in salt-soda soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to alkaline land improving technical fields, and in particular to a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive processing method.
Background technique
Salt-soda soil is the general name of all kinds of solonchak, alkaline earth and salinization, alkali-affected soil, according to the number of salt alkali content in soil,
It generally can be divided into 3 classes of slight, moderate and heavy salinized ground, as a kind of important land resource, the salinization of soil is seriously affected
Region environment and grain-production.According to the incomplete statistics of UNESCO and food and agricultural organization, global salt-soda soil
Area is up to 9.55 hundred million hm2, and about 99,140,000 hm of China salt-soda soil gross area2, occupy the 3rd, the world.Saline-alkali soil is mainly shown as wet
When it is viscous, aeration is poor；Hard, bad hydraulic permeability, serious earth's surface can ooze out salts substances when dry, and it is withered, dead to directly contribute plant.
The salinization of soil efficiently use large area soil cannot, seriously affect the raising of agricultural production and life of farmers level.
Currently, hydraulic engineering measure, agricultural tillage measure, halophytes, chemistry change in many reclamation of salinep-alkali soil measures
The methods of good dose commonly used, but the effect is unsatisfactory.Although chemical modifying measure can quickly change soil texture,
Secondary pollution may also be brought；Agricultural measures need to expend a large amount of human and material resources and financial resources；Biological modification measure slow effect,
Period is long.Since the area distribution in salt-soda soil is different, geological state is different, and the factors such as climate difference cause different salt-soda soils
Physicochemical characteristics, therefore it is directed to the salt-soda soil of different soil properties and different geographical, need to take the improvement of " adaptation to local conditions, integrated control "
Measure.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive processing methods.
A kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive processing method comprising the steps of:
(1) pine is ploughed deeply in salt-soda soil to plough, 25~30cm of depth of turning soil is laid with rice straw interlayer, flat surface；
(2) washing salinity by irrigation 3 times, per acre water consumption 60~160m every time3, 300~400m of total water consumption3；
(3) microbial organic fertilizer is applied in salt-soda soil, is turned over again smooth；
(4) plant salt alkaline tolerance rice and with green manure plant crop rotation.
Further, rice straw interlayer dosage described in step (1) is 4000~5000kg/ mus, burying depth 20
~25cm.
Further, it is the 40% of total amount, the 3rd that the method for washing salinity by irrigation described in step (2), which is the 1st, 2 water consumption,
Secondary water consumption is 20%.
Further, microbial organic fertilizer method of administration described in step (3) imposes on soil depth 20cm for 50%
Place, 50% uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields on soil layer surface.
Further, microbial organic fertilizer formula described in step (3) be 30~60 parts of cow dung, 25~50 parts of bacteria residue,
10~20 parts of furfural dregs, 5~15 parts of wood vinegar, 10~15 parts of humic acid fertilizer, 15~25 parts of complex micro organism fungicide.
Preferably, the humic acid fertilizer includes mineral potash fertilizer and solubility in citric acid potash fertilizer, mineral potash fertilizer and solubility in citric acid
The ratio of potash fertilizer is 1:1,1:2 or 2:1.
Preferably, the complex micro organism fungicide includes 3~7 parts of Azotica, 2~5 parts of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, potassium solubilizing bacteria 2~5
Part, 1~3 part of VA Mycorrhizal Fungi, 2~6 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1~5 part of Te Jila bacillus.
Further, the alternating method in step (4) is spring green manuring plant, and autumn plants salt alkaline tolerance rice, water
Stalk is crushed after rice harvest, the returning to the field after solarization 10~15 days.
Further, the green manure plant in step (4) is alfalfa, Vicia sativa, switchgrass, Jujun grasses, when plantation
Select the one or more of above-mentioned green manure plant.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) being laid with rice straw interlayer can increase soil organic matter content, improve soil physics structure, increase porosity,
Accelerate salt discharge desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching speed, inhibit adverse effect of the salt to plant growth, promote plant growth, and soil moisture steaming can be reduced
Hair amount.
(2) respectively with water consumption washing salinity by irrigation 3 times of 40%, 40%, 20%, salinity can be dissolved to the maximum extent and by salt
Divide and take away soil, and is largely lost soil nutrient with water.
(3) microbial organic fertilizer of application 50% can accelerate the speed of stalk interlayer fermentation at soil depth 20cm, increase
Add soil intensity and nitrogen fixing capacity, improves proteinase activity kimonos enzymatic activity.
(4) applying microbial organic fertilizer can increase geobiont type, enhance plant disease-resistant ability, promote edaphon
Vital movement, beneficial microbe wherein included can induce plant generate Antibiotics substance and plant peroxide polyphenol
Oxidizing ferment etc. participates in the defense reaction of plant, so that plant pest is reduced, the organic acid that edaphon metabolism generates
The basicity of soil can be neutralized, microorganism life activity, which generates enzyme, can promote the decomposition and synthesis of organic matter, to change soil
Earth physicochemical property.
(5) crop rotation salt alkaline tolerance rice and green manure plant can effectively improve the economic benefit in salt-soda soil, after green manure plant harvest
The partial salts in soil can be taken away, can simultaneously serve as herbage use, by basining irrigation and arranging for a long time when two kinds of crops of crop rotation
Water changes water, and the salinity in soil is further leached and is discharged.
(6) stalk after rice harves crushes returning to the field after solarization, also can increase ground mulching while increasing soil fertility
Area, reduces moisture evaporation, and rice root breathing generates CO2It is integrated with water and generates carbonic acid and then react and can drop with soda salt
Low surface soil alkalinity.
To sum up measure can significantly improve salinization of soil degree after 3~5 years.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention,
Technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is the present invention one
Divide embodiment, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not making
Every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention under the premise of creative work.
Embodiment 1
A kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive processing method comprising the steps of:
(1) pine to be ploughed deeply in salt-soda soil to plough, depth of turning soil 25cm, is laid with rice straw interlayer, dosage is 4000kg/ mus,
Burying depth is 20cm, then flat surface；
(2) washing salinity by irrigation 3 times, the 1st, 2 time water consumption is respectively 120m3, the 3rd water consumption 60m3, total water consumption 300m3；
(3) it will be formulated as 50 parts of cow dung, 35 parts of bacteria residue, 16 parts of furfural dregs, 5 parts of wood vinegar, 10 parts of humic acid fertilizer, compound
25 parts of microbial bacterial agent of microbial organic fertilizer half imposes at soil depth 20cm, and another semi-homogeneous is spread fertilizer over the fields on soil layer surface,
Wherein humic acid fertilizer is the mineral potash fertilizer and solubility in citric acid potash fertilizer of 1:1, and complex micro organism fungicide includes 3 parts of Azotica, solution
4 parts of phosphorus bacterium, 3 parts of potassium solubilizing bacteria, 2 parts of VA Mycorrhizal Fungi, 5 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1 part of Te Jila bacillus, turn over smooth again；
(4) spring green manuring plant alfalfa, alfalfa plant salt alkaline tolerance rice in autumn after harvesting, rice is received
Stalk is crushed after obtaining, the returning to the field after solarization 10~15 days.
Embodiment 2
A kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive processing method comprising the steps of:
(1) pine to be ploughed deeply in salt-soda soil to plough, depth of turning soil 27cm, is laid with rice straw interlayer, dosage is 4500kg/ mus,
Burying depth is 24cm, then flat surface；
(2) washing salinity by irrigation 3 times, the 1st, 2 time water consumption is respectively 160m3, the 3rd water consumption 80m3, total water consumption 400m3；
(3) it will be formulated as 30 parts of cow dung, 45 parts of bacteria residue, 13 parts of furfural dregs, 12 parts of wood vinegar, 12 parts of humic acid fertilizer, answer
It closes 21 parts of microbial bacterial agent of microbial organic fertilizer half to impose at soil depth 20cm, another semi-homogeneous is spread fertilizer over the fields in soil layer table
Face, wherein humic acid fertilizer be 1:2 mineral potash fertilizer and solubility in citric acid potash fertilizer, complex micro organism fungicide include 5 parts of Azotica,
3 parts of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, 2 parts of potassium solubilizing bacteria, 3 parts of VA Mycorrhizal Fungi, 4 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 5 parts of Te Jila bacillus, turn over smooth again；
(4) spring green manuring plant Vicia sativa and Jujun grasses plant salt alkaline tolerance rice after green manure plant harvest in autumn,
Stalk is crushed after rice harves, the returning to the field after solarization 10~15 days.
Embodiment 3
A kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive processing method comprising the steps of:
(1) pine to be ploughed deeply in salt-soda soil to plough, depth of turning soil 27cm, is laid with rice straw interlayer, dosage is 4500kg/ mus,
Burying depth is 22cm, then flat surface；
(2) washing salinity by irrigation 3 times, the 1st, 2 time water consumption is respectively 140m3, the 3rd water consumption 70m3, total water consumption 350m3；
(3) it will be formulated as 40 parts of cow dung, 50 parts of bacteria residue, 10 parts of furfural dregs, 15 parts of wood vinegar, 14 parts of humic acid, compound micro-
18 parts of bacteria agent of microbial organic fertilizer half imposes at soil depth 20cm, and another semi-homogeneous is spread fertilizer over the fields on soil layer surface,
Middle humic acid fertilizer is the mineral potash fertilizer and solubility in citric acid potash fertilizer of 2:1, and complex micro organism fungicide includes 7 parts of Azotica, phosphorus decomposing
2 parts of bacterium, 4 parts of potassium solubilizing bacteria, 1 part of VA Mycorrhizal Fungi, 3 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 4 parts of Te Jila bacillus, turn over smooth again；
(4) spring green manuring plant alfalfa and switchgrass plant salt tolerant buck after green manure plant harvest in autumn
Rice crushes stalk after rice harves, the returning to the field after solarization 10~15 days.
Embodiment 4
A kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive processing method comprising the steps of:
(1) pine to be ploughed deeply in salt-soda soil to plough, depth of turning soil 30cm, is laid with rice straw interlayer, dosage is 5000kg/ mus,
Burying depth is 25cm, then flat surface；
(2) washing salinity by irrigation 3 times, the 1st, 2 time water consumption is respectively 150m3, the 3rd water consumption 75m3, total water consumption 375m3；
(3) it will be formulated as 60 parts of cow dung, 25 parts of bacteria residue, 20 parts of furfural dregs, 8 parts of wood vinegar, 15 parts of humic acid, compound micro-
15 parts of bacteria agent of microbial organic fertilizer half imposes at soil depth 20cm, and another semi-homogeneous is spread fertilizer over the fields on soil layer surface,
Middle humic acid fertilizer is the mineral potash fertilizer and solubility in citric acid potash fertilizer of 1:1, and complex micro organism fungicide includes 6 parts of Azotica, phosphorus decomposing
5 parts of bacterium, 3 parts of potassium solubilizing bacteria, 2 parts of VA Mycorrhizal Fungi, 2 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 3 parts of Te Jila bacillus, turn over smooth again；
(4) spring green manuring plant Vicia sativa plants salt alkaline tolerance rice, rice harves after green manure plant harvest in autumn
Stalk is crushed afterwards, the returning to the field after solarization 10~15 days.
Experimental example 1
Implementation of the invention is carried out in Inner Mongol Tongliao City, experimental field superior natural conditions, belong to alkaline land soil, do not change
The soil organic matter content of good mistake is 12.63g/kg, pH value 9.52, soil salt content 2.08g/kg.
(1) pine is ploughed deeply in salt-soda soil first to plough, depth of turning soil 30cm is laid with rice straw interlayer, dosage 5000kg/
Mu, burying depth 25cm, then flat surface；
(2) washing salinity by irrigation 3 times, the 1st, 2 time water consumption is respectively 160m3, the 3rd water consumption 80m3, total water consumption 400m3；
(3) it will be formulated as 30 parts of cow dung, 45 parts of bacteria residue, 13 parts of furfural dregs, 12 parts of wood vinegar, 12 parts of humic acid fertilizer, answer
It closes 21 parts of microbial bacterial agent of microbial organic fertilizer half to impose at soil depth 20cm, another semi-homogeneous is spread fertilizer over the fields in soil layer table
Face, wherein humic acid fertilizer be 1:2 mineral potash fertilizer and solubility in citric acid potash fertilizer, complex micro organism fungicide include 5 parts of Azotica,
3 parts of phosphate solubilizing bacteria, 2 parts of potassium solubilizing bacteria, 3 parts of VA Mycorrhizal Fungi, 4 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 5 parts of Te Jila bacillus, turn over smooth again；
(4) spring green manuring plant alfalfa, alfalfa plant salt alkaline tolerance rice in autumn after harvesting, rice is received
Stalk is crushed after obtaining, the returning to the field after solarization 10~15 days.
Found by scientific experiments in 5 years or more, test field soil organic matter content obviously increases, soil pH value and
Soil salt content is remarkably decreased, and indices change between detection field 5 years, as a result referring to following table.
Table 1
| The content of organic matter (g/kg) | Soil pH | Soil salt content (g/kg) | |
| 1st year | 12.63 | 9.32 | 2.08 |
| 2nd year | 16.28 | 8.90 | 1.47 |
| 3rd year | 19.37 | 8.37 | 1.16 |
| 4th year | 23.52 | 7.74 | 0.83 |
| 5th year | 27.66 | 7.21 | 0.59 |
As seen from the above table, the improvement to salt-soda soil is successfully realized using comprehensive processing method of the invention, improved effect is aobvious
It writes.
Embodiments described above is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Reality of the invention
The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but is merely representative of selected implementation of the invention
Example.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Every other embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive processing method, which is characterized in that comprise the steps of:
(1) pine is ploughed deeply in salt-soda soil to plough, 25~30cm of depth of turning soil is laid with rice straw interlayer, flat surface；
(2) washing salinity by irrigation 3 times, per acre water consumption 60~160m every time3, 300~400m of total water consumption3；
(3) microbial organic fertilizer is applied in salt-soda soil, is turned over again smooth；
(4) plant salt alkaline tolerance rice and with green manure plant crop rotation.
2. a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive processing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that rice described in step (1)
Stalk interlayer dosage is 4000~5000kg/ mus, and burying depth is 20~25cm.
3. a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive treatment method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step is poured water described in (2)
The method of the desalinization of soil by flooding or leaching is that the 1st, 2 water consumption is the 40% of total amount, and the 3rd water consumption is 20%.
4. a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive processing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that micro- described in step (3)
Biological organic fertilizer method of administration imposes at soil depth 20cm for 50%, and 50% uniformly spreads fertilizer over the fields on soil layer surface.
5. a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive processing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that micro- described in step (3)
Biological organic fertilizer formula is 30~60 parts of cow dung, 25~50 parts of bacteria residue, 10~20 parts of furfural dregs, 5~15 parts of wood vinegar, humic acid
10~15 parts of fertilizer, 15~25 parts of complex micro organism fungicide.
6. humic acid fertilizer according to claim 5, which is characterized in that include mineral potash fertilizer and solubility in citric acid potash fertilizer, mine
The ratio of physical property potash fertilizer and solubility in citric acid potash fertilizer is 1:1,1:2 or 2:1.
7. complex micro organism fungicide according to claim 5, which is characterized in that include 3~7 parts of Azotica, phosphate solubilizing bacteria 2
~5 parts, 2~5 parts of potassium solubilizing bacteria, 1~3 part of VA Mycorrhizal Fungi, 2~6 parts of lactic acid bacteria, 1~5 part of Te Jila bacillus.
8. a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive treatment method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the crop rotation side in step (4)
Method is spring green manuring plant, and autumn plants salt alkaline tolerance rice, crushes stalk after rice harves, after solarization 10~15 days
Returning to the field.
9. a kind of salt-soda soil comprehensive processing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the green manure in step (4) is planted
Object is alfalfa, Vicia sativa, switchgrass, Jujun grasses, and when plantation selects the one or more of above-mentioned green manure plant.
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| CN109717025A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-07 | 甘肃农业大学 | The implantation methods of multiple cropping villose vetch after a kind of spring wheat straw-returning |
| CN109874440A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-06-14 | 湖南杂交水稻研究中心 | A kind of biological modification method of secondary salinization of land |
| CN109997442A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-07-12 | 湖州灵粮生态农业有限公司 | A kind of method of biology in situ rehabilitating soil |
| CN110063100A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-30 | 盛世生态环境股份有限公司 | A method of for improveing buried steam pipe system and the salinized soil improvement of salinized soil |
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| CN112189395A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-01-08 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Method for biologically improving saline-alkali soil |
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| CN109874440A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-06-14 | 湖南杂交水稻研究中心 | A kind of biological modification method of secondary salinization of land |
| CN109717025A (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2019-05-07 | 甘肃农业大学 | The implantation methods of multiple cropping villose vetch after a kind of spring wheat straw-returning |
| CN109997442A (en) * | 2019-03-19 | 2019-07-12 | 湖州灵粮生态农业有限公司 | A kind of method of biology in situ rehabilitating soil |
| CN110063100A (en) * | 2019-04-23 | 2019-07-30 | 盛世生态环境股份有限公司 | A method of for improveing buried steam pipe system and the salinized soil improvement of salinized soil |
| CN110337852A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-10-18 | 山东省农业可持续发展研究所 | The method of heavy salinized ground switchgrass, rye grass and the cogeneration improved soil of clover in a kind of |
| CN110835211A (en) * | 2019-11-01 | 2020-02-25 | 四川海缘乾豪环保科技有限公司 | Method for treating sludge containing chemical agent |
| CN111066591A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-28 | 北京市农林科学院 | Method for planting energy grass or ornamental grass in coastal saline-alkali soil |
| CN111357421A (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-07-03 | 山东胜伟盐碱地科技有限公司 | Soil improvement method combining oyster mushroom planting and saline-alkali soil |
| CN112189395A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-01-08 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | Method for biologically improving saline-alkali soil |
| CN113498647A (en) * | 2021-07-15 | 2021-10-15 | 水发智慧农业科技有限公司 | Soil rapid improvement method suitable for Xinjiang sunlight greenhouse |
| CN113575012A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-11-02 | 北京中和澄明环境科技有限公司 | Comprehensive optimization treatment technology for saline-alkali soil |
| TWI804924B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2023-06-11 | 陳建家 | Saline-alkali soil comprehensive optimization treatment technology |
| CN114600585A (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2022-06-10 | 武汉市秀谷科技有限公司 | Treatment method for soil hardening |
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