CN108317243B

CN108317243B - Gear selector

Info

Publication number: CN108317243B
Application number: CN201710026922.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩嘉骅; 胡宇宙; 韩富
Original assignee: Chengdu Anyu Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Chengdu Anyu Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-01-15
Filing date: 2017-01-15
Publication date: 2021-07-30
Anticipated expiration: 2037-01-15
Also published as: CN108317243A

Abstract

The invention discloses a gear selector, which comprises a closed connecting device, a control mechanism, a signal generating device and an operating device, and is characterized in that the closed connecting device at least comprises an outer ring primary section, an outer ring end section and an end cover, the control mechanism comprises a selection inner core, or an inner core, a selection and shift shaft arranged in the inner core, a signal generating device arranged at one end of the inner core, and a gear positioning device arranged on the inner core or the selection and shift shaft; the operating device comprises an operating rod or an operating rod assembly; the part of the inner core provided with the signal generating device extends into the outer ring initial section, and the gear positioning device is not arranged in the outer ring initial section. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the gear operating mechanism or the gear selector is provided for the walking machinery which needs to frequently change directions and displacement, and the working reliability of the selector is improved because the signal generating device and the gear positioning device are spatially isolated; and the gear shifting process is closer to the actual working condition through the path planning function, so that the working efficiency is improved.

Description

Gear selector

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of walking machinery such as engineering vehicles or other industrial control, in particular to a gear selector control and self-locking mechanism.

Background

A shift position operating mechanism on a traveling machine such as a vehicle is both a functional member and a moving member. For example, AMT electronic gearshift with the grant publication number CN201992047U, manual unlocking structure of automobile gearshift with the grant publication number CN203717887U, and the control lever of WG series power shift transmission manufactured by seideofu corporation, germany or seideofu mechanical limited, need to detect each position of the shift lever during the movement and output corresponding signals to meet different requirements of use. The existing product has the defects that the gear shifting process is not coordinated with the motion process of the operating mechanism, misoperation such as gear jumping and the like easily occurs in the gear shifting process, and gears cannot be locked or locked in specific gears. The conditions of lower integration level, complex structure and poor reliability of the gear selector in other industrial control fields are met; the existing gear control mechanism has the disadvantages of complex structure, large volume, high cost and poor universality of product parts, and causes inconvenience in processing, storage, maintenance and the like. Due to the size and structure, the installation position and the use method of the existing gear selector are too single. The prior patent application (application number: PCT/CN 2015/091496) provides a gear operating mechanism or gear selector with a simplified structure, but because the positioning device and the signal generating device of the gear are both installed in the initial section of the outer ring, a dustproof structure needs to be designed, although the company designs and submits patent applications for subsequent dustproof methods, the structure is still complex, and impurities at the positioning device are prone to generate undesirable interference on the signal generating device.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a gear selector which can simplify the structure, reduce the volume, reduce the cost and simultaneously improve the reliability and the universality of the gear selector, aiming at solving the technical defects of complicated structure, larger volume, higher cost, complicated gear shifting process, low function integration level, inconvenient use and the like of the conventional gear selector.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

a gear selector comprises a closed connecting device, a control mechanism, a signal generating device and an operating device, and is characterized in that the closed connecting device at least comprises an outer ring primary section, an outer ring end section and an end cover, the control mechanism comprises an inner core or an inner core, a gear selecting and shifting shaft arranged in the inner core, the signal generating device arranged at one end of the inner core, and a gear positioning device arranged on the inner core or the gear selecting and shifting shaft; the operating device comprises an operating rod or an operating rod assembly; the part of the inner core provided with the signal generating device extends into the outer ring initial section, and the gear positioning device is not arranged in the outer ring initial section.

Further, the inner core is connected with the closed connecting device in a rotating pair mode.

Further, the inner core is mounted inside the closed connection means and its axial displacement is limited by the closed connection means.

Further, the axial displacement of the inner core is limited by the closed connection means by a shoulder or an axial end face on the inner core.

Preferably, the limiting mode is limited by the constraint of the shaft shoulder of the inner core and the initial section of the outer ring, and the constraint of the tail end of the inner core and the end cover. Furthermore, the middle position of the inner core is provided with at least one first limiting hole or groove for accommodating the operating rod, and one part of the operating rod extends into or penetrates through the first limiting hole or groove.

Furthermore, the side surface of the inner core is at least provided with an inner core fulcrum hole, and the inner core is fixed or hinged with the operating rod through the inner core fulcrum hole. Preferably, the axis of the fulcrum hole is perpendicular to the axis of the inner core in the horizontal direction.

Furthermore, a baffle mounting hole is formed in the inner core. Preferably, the axis of the baffle mounting hole is parallel to the axis of the main body of the inner core.

Furthermore, the inner core is provided with a gear selecting and shifting shaft mounting hole along the axis direction, and a gear selecting and shifting shaft is mounted in the mounting hole. Preferably, the selector shaft is connected with the inner core in the form of a moving pair.

Furthermore, the side surface of the inner core is at least provided with a limiting sliding groove. Preferably, the axis of the limiting sliding groove is vertical to the axis of the inner core in the horizontal direction.

Further, the main body of the gear selecting and shifting shaft is a cylindrical body or a cylindrical hollow structure cylindrical body, the middle part of the gear selecting and shifting shaft is provided with at least one first through hole or groove for installing an operating rod, or the operating rod is provided with at least one hole or groove for installing the gear selecting and shifting shaft.

Further, at least one second through hole or slot is formed in the inner core or the shift shaft or at the distal end thereof for mounting an inner ring portion member of the gear positioning device.

Furthermore, the middle part of the gear selecting and shifting shaft is at least provided with an operating rod connecting hole, the lower part of the operating rod is at least provided with a gear selecting and shifting shaft sliding groove, and a positioning pin arranged in the operating rod connecting hole realizes sliding in the gear selecting and shifting shaft sliding groove.

Preferably, the axes of the first through hole or groove and the second through hole or groove intersect the axis of the shift select shaft perpendicularly in the vertical direction.

Further, one end of the gear selecting and shifting shaft is a protruding thin-wall flange.

Furthermore, one end of the gear selecting and shifting shaft extending into the outer ring primary section is provided with at least one wiring sleeve mounting hole.

Furthermore, a hollow wiring sleeve is sleeved at one end of the gear selecting and shifting shaft extending into the outer ring primary section. Preferably, a mounting hole is formed in the routing sleeve at a position corresponding to the routing sleeve mounting hole of the shift selecting shaft.

Further, at least one positioning device fixing hole is formed on the inner core or the gear selecting shaft or the tail end of the gear selecting shaft.

Further, a second through hole or slot on the inner core or the gear selecting shaft is used for installing an inner ring part element of the positioning device; the inner core or the gear selecting shaft is provided with an inner ring part element of the positioning device through an interference fit with the positioning device or a positioning device fixing hole on the positioning device.

Further, the positioning device comprises an inner ring part element and an outer ring part element; the inner ring part element includes but is not limited to a positioning and mounting element such as a small sleeve, an elastic element such as a spring, a detent element such as a positioning ball or a friction member, and the outer ring part element includes a positioning sleeve or a friction sleeve; the positioning and mounting element is mounted on the inner core or the gear selecting shaft, the elastic element is mounted in the positioning and mounting element, one end or two ends of the elastic element mounted in the positioning and mounting element are provided with clamping elements, and an outer ring part element is sleeved outside the positioning and mounting element; under the action of the elastic element, the clamping element of the inner ring part element and the outer ring part element are extruded together, and the positioning is realized through the mutual friction force or the clamping force between the clamping element of the rolling body type and the positioning pit, the positioning hole or the positioning groove on the inner surface of the outer ring part element.

Furthermore, the operating rod, the gear selecting and shifting shaft and the inner core sleeved outside the gear selecting and shifting shaft are connected through a positioning pin, and the positioning pin penetrates through a limiting sliding groove of the inner core, an operating rod connecting hole in the gear selecting and shifting shaft and a gear selecting and shifting shaft sliding groove in the operating rod.

Furthermore, the positioning pin extends into a limiting groove of the wiring sliding block arranged in the inner cavity of the operating rod.

Furthermore, the lower end of the operating rod is provided with a fulcrum hole, the operating rod is connected with the inner core through a cylindrical pin, and the cylindrical pin penetrates through the positioning hole of the inner core and the fulcrum hole in the operating rod and extends into the operating rod.

Furthermore, the positioning pin and the cylindrical pin limit the displacement of the positioning pin and the cylindrical pin in the axis direction of the positioning pin and the cylindrical pin through a baffle, a mounting hole is formed in the middle of the baffle, and the mounting hole is matched with the baffle mounting hole in the inner core. Further, the outer ring initial section is coaxially and fixedly connected with the outer ring end section and the end cover.

Preferably, one end of the outer ring primary section is provided with a protruding part, the outer ring end section is provided with an annular groove at a position corresponding to the protruding part of the outer ring primary section, and the outer ring primary section is fixedly connected with the annular groove of the outer ring end section through the protruding part.

Further, the outer ring portion elements of the positioning device, such as the positioning sleeve and the end cap, may be of unitary construction or may be separate pieces.

Further, the end cover is of a stepped or non-stepped thin-wall cylindrical structure, and is sleeved outside an inner ring part element of the positioning device; and a second positioning hole, a positioning pit or a positioning groove is formed in the circumferential inner surface of the end cover cylindrical structure.

Further, the second positioning holes, the second positioning pits or the second positioning grooves are partially or completely and uniformly distributed on the inner circumferential surface.

Further, when the end cover is of a stepped thin-wall cylindrical structure, the transition part of the first stepped initial end of the end cover is of a cone-like smooth transition structure. Preferably, the end cover second step is provided with a mounting hole for fixing with the outer ring end section. The axis of the mounting hole is vertically intersected with the axis of the end cover in the horizontal direction. The end cover is fixedly connected with the tail section of the outer ring.

Further, the inner hole of the outer ring initial section is a stepped hole, and the first stepped hole of the outer ring initial section is connected with the inner core in a matched mode through the revolute pair.

Furthermore, a dustproof ring or a sealing ring groove is formed in the initial section of the outer ring and used for mounting the dustproof ring or the sealing ring.

Furthermore, the diameter of the outer circle of the second stepped hole is smaller than that of the first stepped hole, and a fixed ring hole is formed in the second stepped hole. Or a fixing ring hole is arranged on the initial section of the outer ring.

Furthermore, one end of the outer ring primary section is provided with a wiring end cover, and the other end of the outer ring primary section is provided with an outer ring tail section.

Further, the signal generating device comprises an excitation end and a circuit part; the excitation end of the signal generating device comprises a code disc or a thin-wall flange of a gear selecting and shifting shaft which is connected with the inner core to rotate coaxially, and the circuit part of the signal generating device is fixedly connected to the primary section of the outer ring through a circuit board positioning sheet or a fixing ring or other modes.

Furthermore, the excitation end of the signal generating device comprises a photoelectric coding disc or a ferromagnetic coding disc for exciting a Hall switch or a coding disc for exciting a contact switch, and the circuit part of the signal generating device comprises a circuit board and a switch group fixedly connected on the circuit board; the excitation end of the signal generating device is fixedly connected to the axial end face, stretching into the outer ring initial section, of the inner core, and the circuit board is fixedly connected into the outer ring initial section through the fixing ring.

Further, the signal generating device includes, but is not limited to, an analog signal generating device such as a current, a voltage or a resistance, and a rotation angle sensor of an analog quantity or a discrete quantity.

Furthermore, the middle part of the code disc is provided with a hole. Preferably, the size of the hole is larger than the diameter of the left end of the routing sleeve.

Furthermore, regular or special-shaped grooves are formed in the upper portion of the tail section of the outer ring, and the operating rod or the operating rod assembly penetrates through the regular or special-shaped grooves to be connected with the control mechanism body.

Further, the operating rod assembly comprises a hollow cylindrical operating rod and a positioning needle arranged in an inner cavity of the operating rod.

Furthermore, the locating pin is a step-shaped cylinder, and is respectively sleeved with the locating slider, the wiring slider, the first elastic element, the screw slider, the operating rod button, the second elastic element and the handle slider from the lower end to the top end.

Furthermore, the lower part of the tail section of the outer ring is provided with a positioning hole, a positioning pit or a positioning groove which is arranged along the circumferential direction and matched with the tail end of the positioning needle.

Furthermore, the positioning holes, positioning pits or positioning grooves which are circumferentially arranged at the tail end of the outer ring and are matched with the tail end of the positioning needle are of conical or cone-like structures; or the tail end of the positioning needle is in a conical or cone-like structure, or the tail end of the positioning needle and the positioning hole, the positioning pit or the positioning groove matched with the tail end of the positioning needle are in conical or cone-like structures.

Furthermore, a boss or a T-shaped boss (165) is arranged between two adjacent positioning holes, positioning pits or positioning grooves at the lower part of the tail section of the outer ring. And the positioning needle or the positioning slide block moves in the path planned by the boss.

Furthermore, the whole device comprises a fixed mounting ring used for fixing the gear selector on external equipment, the fixed ring is a structure fixedly connected with another semicircular ring or a semicircular ring-like structure, the annular structure is used for sleeving body equipment, the semicircular ring is used for sleeving or installing on the external equipment, the size of the semicircular ring changes according to the change condition of the external equipment, a mounting hole is formed in the position of the fixed mounting ring matched with the fixed ring hole in the outer ring initial section, and the fixed mounting ring is fixedly connected with the outer ring initial section through the mounting hole.

Furthermore, the fixed mounting ring is provided with a positioning pin mounting hole at the position matched with the direction column or the mounting column, and the fixed mounting ring is fixedly connected with the direction column or the mounting column through the positioning pin mounting hole.

Further, the positioning slide block inner hole is connected with the positioning needle in a sliding mode. The positioning sliding block is fixedly connected with the operating rod or the operating rod assembly. Preferably, the positioning slide block is connected with a fulcrum hole of the operating rod through a positioning hole.

Furthermore, the lower end face of the wiring sliding block is arranged on the first boss face of the positioning needle, and the wiring sliding block is connected with the inner wall of the operating rod in a sliding mode. The wiring slider is provided with wiring holes at two sides of the circumferential surface.

Preferably, the wiring sliding block is provided with a limiting groove on the other two side surfaces of the circumferential surface, and the wiring hole is not intersected with the limiting groove.

Further, the first elastic element is arranged between the routing slider and a boss in the operating rod; the first elastic element is sleeved in an inner hole of the operating rod.

Furthermore, the lower end face of the screw rod sliding block is arranged on a second boss face of the positioning needle, the second elastic element is arranged on the upper end face of the screw rod sliding block, and the handle sliding block is arranged on the upper end face of the second elastic element; the screw rod sliding block is fixedly connected with the positioning needle or connected with a revolute pair, and the screw rod sliding block and the handle sliding block are connected with an inner hole of the operating rod in a sliding mode.

Furthermore, the upper end of the operating rod is provided with a similar U-shaped groove or a similar n-shaped groove with different lengths at two sides. And the middle part of the screw rod sliding block is provided with a button mounting hole. The operating rod button is in revolute pair or fixed connection with the positioning pin through a button mounting hole in the screw rod sliding block. The operating rod button can slide in the U-shaped groove or the n-shaped groove.

Further, the operating rod button is installed in the groove of the positioning pin through a button installation hole in the screw rod sliding block.

Furthermore, holes are formed in two sides of the handle sliding block, and an external handle is connected with the holes in the two sides of the handle sliding block through a sliding groove in the operating rod by using a connecting element, so that the handle and the handle sliding block move together.

Preferably, the lower part of the operating rod is provided with a wiring hole.

Further, the positioning needle and the positioning slide block are an integral element or two independent components; when they are an integral part, the positioning slide block is not fixedly connected with the operating rod.

Further, the operating rod assembly comprises one of a screw rod sliding block and a handle sliding block, or the operating rod assembly comprises both the screw rod sliding block and the handle sliding block.

A gap is reserved between the handle sliding block and the wall surface of the inner cavity of the operating rod for the lead to pass through, and a gap is reserved between the screw rod sliding block and the wall surface of the inner cavity of the operating rod for the lead to pass through.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: a gear control mechanism is provided for a walking machine which needs to change directions and displacement frequently. The gear selector has the advantages of smaller volume, higher protective performance, better reliability integration, more convenient operation and wider application range.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a shift selector according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the shift selector of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the core construction of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a shift shaft configuration according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the combination of the selector shaft and the small sleeve of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical-electrical encoder disk according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the circuit board and optoelectronic switch assembly according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the combination of the inner core, the shift selecting shaft, the photoelectric encoder disk, the circuit board and the photoelectric switch according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a routing sleeve according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a locating pin and cylindrical pin configuration according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the outer ring initial structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the outer ring end construction of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the end cap construction of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a schematic view of the lever assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a positioning block according to the present invention;

FIG. 16 is a schematic view of a trace slider structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a screw block configuration according to the present invention;

FIG. 18 is a schematic view of the handle slider configuration of the present invention;

FIG. 19 is a schematic view of a positioning pin according to the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic view of a retainer ring according to the present invention;

fig. 21 is a schematic view of a routing end cap structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 22 is a schematic view of the combination structure of the inner core and the baffle.

Fig. 23 is a schematic view of a small sleeve structure.

Fig. 24 is a schematic view of the operating lever structure.

FIG. 25 is a schematic view of a retainer ring

(the above drawings contain 4 figures, wherein the upper left corner is the main view, the upper right corner is the left view, the lower left corner is the top view, and the lower right corner is the three-dimensional structure view).

In the figure, 10, select the gear shift shaft; 101. an operating lever attachment hole; 102. a first through hole or slot; 103. a positioning device fixing hole; 104. routing sleeve mounting holes; 105. a second through hole or slot; 106. extending the thin-wall flange; 11. an inner core; 111. a first limiting hole or groove; 112. an inner core fulcrum hole; 113. a limiting chute; 114. a code disc mounting hole; 115. a baffle mounting hole; 116. a shoulder projection; 117. a gear selecting and shifting shaft mounting hole; 12. a routing sleeve; 13. a photoelectric coding disc; 131. mounting holes; 132. a code wheel flange; 14. A circuit board; 141. a circumferential switch group; 142. an axial switch group; 143. a circuit board fixing hole; 144. a wiring hole; 15. an outer ring initial section; 151. a first stepped hole; 152. a second stepped bore; 153. fixing a ring hole; 154. an outer ring tail section mounting hole; 155. a retaining ring hole; 156. wiring end cover fixing holes; 157. a dust ring groove; 16. the tail end of the outer ring; 161. regular or irregular grooves; 162. a positioning hole, a positioning groove or a positioning pit; 163. an end cover mounting hole; 164. an outer ring initial section mounting hole; 165. a boss or a T-shaped boss; 17. an end cap; 171. a second locating hole, a locating pit or a locating groove; 172. an outer ring tail section mounting hole; 173. an end cap first step; 174. an end cap second step; 18. a positioning pin; 181. a first boss face; 182. a second boss face; 183. a positioning pin groove; 19. a first elastic element; 20. positioning the sliding block; 201. a cylindrical pin support hole; 21, routing the slider; 211. a wiring hole; 212. a positioning pin chute; 22. a screw slider; 221. a button mounting hole; 23. a second elastic element; 24. a handle slider; 241. a handle mounting hole; 25. an operating lever; 251. a handle chute; 252. a U-shaped groove; 253. an operating rod wiring hole; 254. a gear selecting and shifting shaft chute; 255. a fulcrum hole; 256. an inner hole boss of the operating rod; 26. positioning pins; 27. a cylindrical pin; 28. a baffle plate; 281. an inner core mounting hole; 29. an operating lever button; 30. a dust ring; 31. routing end covers; 311. an outer ring initial section fixing hole; 312. a thread relief groove; 32. fixing the mounting ring; 321. mounting holes; 322. a positioning pin mounting hole; 33. a small sleeve; 331. an inner core mounting hole; 34. a positioning sleeve; 35. a stationary ring; 351. a circuit board mounting hole; 352. and a circuit board positioning hole.

Detailed Description

The structure of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a shift selector in an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the shift selector in an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an inner core in an embodiment of the present invention, and the inner core 11 is connected with the closed connecting device in a revolute pair manner. The inner core 11 is mounted inside the closed connection means and its axial displacement is limited by the closed connection means; the axial displacement of the inner core 11 is limited by the closed connection means by a shoulder or axial end face on the inner core.

As shown in fig. 3, the left end of the inner core has a shoulder projection 116, the shoulder end surface of the left end of the inner core is bounded by the right end surface of the outer ring primary segment 15, and the right end surface of the inner core is bounded by the axial end surface of the second step 174 of the end cap 17.

The middle position of the inner core is provided with at least one first limiting hole or groove 111 for accommodating the operating rod 25, and a part of the operating rod 25 extends into or penetrates through the first limiting hole or groove 111.

The side surface of the inner core 11 is at least provided with an inner core fulcrum hole 112, and the inner core 11 is fixed or hinged with the operating rod 25 through the inner core fulcrum hole 112.

[ function: the operating rod assembly has a pivot point inside the inner core through the pivot point hole on the inner core, the cylindrical pin extends into the operating rod pivot point hole 255 through the pivot point hole on the inner core, and under the condition that the operating rod assembly comprises the positioning slider, the cylindrical pin further extends into the hole 201 of the positioning slider 20, and the operating rod can drive the inner core to rotate relative to the closed connecting device by taking the pivot point as the pivot point and can also swing left and right relative to the inner core. "C (B)

The shaft shoulder protruding part 116 at the left end of the inner core 11 is provided with a hole 114 fixedly connected with the photoelectric coding disc.

[ function: because the end face of the shaft shoulder of the inner core is matched with the right end face of the initial section of the outer ring, the part of the inner core, which is provided with the signal generating device, extends into the initial section of the outer ring, and a good dustproof effect is achieved. "C (B)

The inner core 11 is provided with a gear selecting and shifting shaft mounting hole 117 along the axial direction, and a gear selecting and shifting shaft 10 is mounted in the mounting hole; the side surface of the inner core 11 is at least provided with a limit sliding groove 113.

As shown in FIG. 4, the main body of the gear selecting/shifting shaft 10 is a cylindrical body or a cylindrical body with a hollow cylindrical structure, and at least a first through hole or slot 102 is formed in the middle of the gear selecting/shifting shaft 10 for mounting the operating rod 25. Or the lower part of the operating rod 25 is provided with at least one through hole or groove for mounting the gear selecting shaft 10.

As shown in fig. 4 and 14, the middle portion of the shift selecting shaft 10 is provided with at least one operating lever connecting hole 101, the lower portion of the operating lever 25 is provided with at least one shift selecting shaft sliding groove 254, and a positioning pin installed in the operating lever connecting hole 101 slides in the shift selecting shaft sliding groove 254.

[ function: the gear selecting and shifting shaft is arranged in the inner core, a limiting sliding groove is formed in the inner core, an operating rod connecting hole is formed in the gear selecting and shifting shaft and used for being connected with an operating rod, the positioning pin penetrates through the limiting sliding groove in the inner core and penetrates through the operating rod connecting hole in the gear selecting and shifting shaft to extend into the gear selecting and shifting shaft sliding groove in the operating rod, the three parts are connected, the operating rod drives the inner core and the gear selecting and shifting shaft to rotate relative to the closed connecting device, and the operating rod drives the gear selecting and shifting shaft to move left and right in the axial direction within the range limited by the limiting sliding groove by taking the cylindrical pin as a fulcrum. "C (B)

As shown in fig. 3, the inner core 11 is provided with a baffle mounting hole 115, an axis of the baffle mounting hole 115 is parallel to an axis of the main body of the inner core 11, and the baffle is shown in fig. 22.

[ function: one end of the cylindrical pin and one end of the positioning pin extend into the operating rod, and the cylindrical pin and the positioning pin are mounted at the other end of the operating rod through the baffle plate, so that the axial displacement and the loosening of the cylindrical pin and the positioning pin are limited. "C (B)

As shown in fig. 4, one end of the selector shaft 10 is a protruding thin-walled flange 106.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the photoelectric encoding disk, and fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit board and switch combination. The switch portion is composed of a circumferential switch group or circumferential sensor 141, an axial switch group or axial sensor 142, and a circuit board 14. The circumferential switch group 141 includes four circumferential switches, and the axial switch group 142 includes one axial switch. The four circumferential switches are uniformly arranged on the upper part of the circuit board 14 along the circle center, the included angle between every two adjacent circumferential switches is 40 degrees, the circumferential switches are responsible for collecting corner signals of the coding disc 13 during gear shifting, and the matching relation is shown in fig. 8; the axial switch is positioned at the lower part of the circumferential switch and is vertically arranged along the diameter direction, the axial switch collects axial position signals of the thin-wall flange 106 on the gear selecting and shifting shaft 10, and the distance from the gear shielding groove of the axial switch to the circle center is smaller than the distance from the circumferential switch to the circle center. The five switches can theoretically distinguish 32 different signals, the number of the signals is far beyond gear signals on general engineering machinery and vehicles, and the application range is wider; the switch is installed on circuit board 14, and circuit board 14 is installed on retainer plate 35, and retainer plate 35 is installed on outer lane primary segment 15. For example, the pins of the switch are soldered to the circuit board 14, and the circuit board 14 is fixed to the fixing ring 35 through the switch circuit board mounting holes 143.

[ function: the switch generates signals corresponding to different positions of the code disc 13 relative to the circumferential switch combination 141 or different positions of the gear selecting and shifting shaft 10 relative to the axial switch group 142 in the rotation process of the photoelectric code disc 13 or the movement process of the gear selecting and shifting shaft 10, and transmits the corresponding signals to the control system to control corresponding gear operation. "C (B)

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a photoelectric encoding disk, the photoelectric encoding disk 13 is coaxially connected to one axial end of the inner core 11, the photoelectric encoding disk 13 participates in encoding, and the cylindrical thin-wall flange 106 extends into a shielding groove in the middle of each switch in the circumferential switch group 141; the thin-walled cylindrical flange 106 is made of a light-impermeable material, but is partially cut or grooved to allow light transmission at that location. The shielding part and the gap part of the photoelectric coding disc 13 are 20 degrees, the middle protrusion is 40 degrees, and the gap at the rightmost end is also 40 degrees; the photoelectric coding disc 13 is in a ring shape, a circular hole is formed in the middle of the ring-shaped part, the diameter of the circular hole is larger than the outer diameter of the gear selecting and shifting shaft 10 so that the gear selecting and shifting shaft 10 can pass through the circular hole, and a mounting hole is formed in the ring-shaped part and can be connected with one axial end of the inner core 11 and coaxially rotate.

[ function: and whether the corresponding switch is shielded or excited is controlled in the process of rotating along with the inner core 11, so that electric signals corresponding to different gears are generated. "C (B)

As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 8, the front end of the gear selecting and shifting shaft 10 is a section of thin-wall flange 106, when the gear selecting and shifting shaft 10 is in the left position, the thin-wall flange 106 partially enters into the shielding groove of the axial switch at the lower end of the switch part, so as to generate a signal corresponding to the shielding state; on the contrary, when the signal is at the right position, the signal corresponding to the shielding state is not generated. The outer wall of the gear selecting and shifting shaft 10 is coaxially matched with the inner wall of the inner core 11, and the gear selecting and shifting shaft 10 can slide left and right in an inner hole of the inner core 11; the end of the selector shaft 10 is provided with a second through hole or slot 105 for mounting the small sleeve 33. The second through hole or slot 105 is an interference fit with the small sleeve 33 or the small sleeve is provided with a mounting hole 331 for engaging with the select shift shaft, so that the small sleeve 33 is mounted on the select shift shaft 10 and moves together with the select shift shaft 10. Preferably, the axis of the second through hole or slot 105 perpendicularly intersects the axis of the shift shaft 10.

[ function: the thin-wall flange 106 at the end of the gear selecting shaft 10 partially controls the excitation or non-excitation of the axial switch. 2. The selector shaft 10 carries the small sleeve 33 and thus the positioning rolling elements in the second positioning hole, positioning pit or groove 171 in the end cap 17. "C (B)

Fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an end cover, wherein the end cover 17 is a stepped thin-walled cylindrical structure, and the end cover 17 is sleeved on an inner ring part element of the positioning device; the end cap 17 has a second locating hole, a locating recess or a locating groove 171 formed in the circumferential inner surface of the cylindrical structure. The outer wall of the first step 173 of the end cap 17 is matched with the inner wall of the inner core 11; the outer ring end section mounting holes 172 uniformly distributed along the circumference are formed in the outer part of the second step 174 of the end cover 17 and are fixedly connected with the outer ring end section 16 through the outer ring end section mounting holes; the first step 173 and the second step 174 of the end cap are respectively provided with a circle of second positioning holes which are uniformly and symmetrically arranged up and down along the circumference, positioning pits or positioning grooves 171 are used for positioning, 9 holes are respectively arranged up and down of each step, the included angle of the centers of every two adjacent positioning holes, pits or grooves 171 is 20 degrees, the positioning holes, pits or grooves 171 are used for limiting the positioning positions of the positioning rolling bodies in the gear shifting process so as to achieve the effects of gear shifting positioning and clamping, in addition, the axial edge of one side of the inner wall of the first step of the end cap 17 is processed with an inclined surface or a chamfer angle as shown in fig. 13, so that the small sleeve 33 which is provided with the positioning rolling bodies and the positioning springs is conveniently arranged inside the end cap 17.

[ function: under the action of the spring force, the positioning rolling body is clamped in a second positioning hole, a pit or a groove 171 of the end cover, and preliminary limiting and positioning of gears are achieved. "C (B)

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an outer ring end section, wherein a regular or irregular groove 161 is formed in the upper portion of the outer ring end section 16, and the operating rod 25 or the operating rod assembly passes through the regular or irregular groove 161 to be connected with the control mechanism body; an outer ring initial section mounting hole 164 arranged along the circumferential direction is formed in the cylindrical surface on one side of the outer ring end section, and a front end cover mounting hole 163 and a rear end cover mounting hole 163 are formed in the cylindrical surface on the other side.

[ function: through the mounting holes, the outer ring initial section and the outer ring end section are coaxially and fixedly connected with the end cover. "C (B)

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of the operation lever assembly, and fig. 19 is a schematic view of the structure of the positioning pin, and the operation lever assembly includes a hollow cylindrical operation lever and the positioning pin 18 penetrating the entire operation lever 25. The lower part of the outer ring end section 16 is provided with a positioning hole, a positioning pit or a positioning groove 162 which is arranged along the circumferential direction and matched with the tail end of the positioning needle 18. The positioning hole, positioning pit or positioning groove 162 is a cone or cone-like structure.

[ function: the positioning pin is inserted into or separated from the positioning hole along with the action of an operator on the operating rod, so that the gear is locked and unlocked. "C (B)

Fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of the operating rod assembly, and the positioning pin 18 is a stepped cylinder, and is sleeved with a positioning slider 20, a routing slider 21, a first elastic element 19, a screw slider 22, an operating rod button 29, a second elastic element 23 and a handle slider 24 from the lower end to the top end.

FIG. 24 is a schematic lever view of the lever 25 being an elongated hollow rod having a U-like shaped groove 252 in the upper outer surface thereof, one side of the U-like groove 252 being higher than the other, the lever button 29 sliding in the groove during shifting; two operating rod wire holes 253 are formed in the middle of the operating rod 25 along the axis direction of the inner core; the two sides of the uppermost end of the operating rod, which are different from the wiring hole, are provided with gear selecting and shifting shaft chutes 254; the lever contains a stepped shaft 256 inside.

Fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the positioning slider, the inner hole 202 of the positioning slider 20 is slidably connected with the positioning pin 18, and the positioning slider 20 is fixedly connected with the operating rod 25.

[ function: the positioning slider is used for mounting the cylindrical pin and also provides a fulcrum for the operating lever, and the tail end of the positioning slider is of a cone-like structure and is used for avoiding interference with a boss or a T-shaped boss 165 in the tail end of the outer ring. "C (B)

Fig. 16 is a structural schematic view of a routing slider, wherein the lower end surface of the routing slider 21 is placed on the first boss 181 surface of the positioning pin 18, and the routing slider 21 is slidably connected with the inner wall of the operating rod 25; the wiring slider 21 is provided with wiring holes 211 and positioning pin sliding grooves 212 on two sides of the circumferential surface. The position of the wiring hole 211 corresponds to the position of the operating rod wiring hole 253; the positioning pin 26 extends into the positioning pin sliding groove 212 through the operating lever connecting hole 101 of the gear selecting and shifting shaft 10, so that the routing slider 21 is connected with the gear selecting and shifting shaft 10, and the positioning pin 26 can slide in the positioning pin sliding groove 212.

[ function: the wire is directly led out from the wire-passing hole 211 of the wire-passing slider, so that the first elastic element is prevented from directly acting on the wire, and the wire is protected. The sliding grooves on the two sides of the wire sliding block 21 can prevent the wire sliding block 21 and the operating rod 25 from rotating relatively to cut the wire. "C (B)

Fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a screw slider, a lower end surface of the screw slider 22 is disposed on a second boss 182 surface of the positioning pin 18, when a gear is locked, the operating button 29 is located on a lower side of a U-shaped groove on a surface of the operating rod 25, and under compression of the first elastic element 19, the routing slider 21 is driven to press on the first boss 181, and at this time, a tail end of the positioning pin penetrates into a positioning hole, a positioning pit or a positioning groove 162 at an end section of an outer ring, so that the gear shifting mechanism is in a locked state and cannot shift gears. When the gear shifting is needed, the operating rod button 29 is shifted to the higher side of the U-shaped groove 252, at the moment, the operating rod button 29 drives the positioning needle to move upwards to leave the outer ring end positioning hole, the positioning pit or the positioning groove 162, so that the gear shifting mechanism is in a free gear shifting state, and then the gear shifting operation is carried out.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a handle slider, the handle slider 24 is disposed on the upper end surface of the second elastic element 23, the top end of the positioning pin 18 is provided with a connecting structure such as a thread 184, the handle slider 24 and the second elastic element 23 are compressed on the upper end surface of the screw slider 22 through a fixing element such as a nut, handle mounting holes 241 are formed on two sides of the handle slider 24 for connecting an external handle, a handle runner 251 is formed on the upper portion of the operating rod, when the handle moves upward to drive the handle slider 24 to move upward, the positioning pin 18 will be driven to move upward to unlock gears, and when the handle is released, the positioning pin 18 falls back into a positioning hole, a positioning pit or a positioning groove 162 at the end of the outer ring under the action of the first elastic element 19 to lock gears.

[ function: the handle slider's effect lies in can freely unblock, just can realize the gear unblock as long as a direction action, loosens and can realize the gear locking again, and the beneficial effect that the operating lever button slided the other end in the U-shaped groove is for can realizing permanent unblock. Because the upper end of the operating rod is provided with the handle sliding groove 251, and the longer side of the U-shaped sliding groove is longer than the handle sliding groove 251, the misoperation can not be realized as the permanent unlocking in the operating process of unlocking by using the handle sliding block, so that the separation of two functions of free unlocking and permanent unlocking is realized, and the flexibility and the convenience of operation are greatly increased. "C (B)

A gap is reserved between the handle sliding block and the wall surface of the inner cavity of the operating rod for the lead to pass through. A gap is reserved between the screw rod sliding block and the wall surface of the inner cavity of the operating rod for a lead to pass through.

The contribution of the embodiment is that: the novel gear shifting positioning and locking mechanism has the advantages that the gear shifting structure is simplified, the size is reduced, the flexible installation and use are facilitated, the gear shifting device can be changed into different gears or other operating mechanisms with different speeds, directions, positions and the like according to actual use requirements, the universality is greatly improved, and in addition, a large number of standard parts are used in the design process, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced.

Claims

1. A gear selector comprises a closed connecting device, a control mechanism, a signal generating device and an operating device, and is characterized in that the closed connecting device at least comprises an outer ring primary section, an outer ring end section and an end cover, the control mechanism comprises an inner core or an inner core, a gear selecting and shifting shaft arranged in the inner core, the signal generating device arranged at one end of the inner core, and a gear positioning device arranged on the inner core or the gear selecting and shifting shaft; the operating device comprises an operating lever assembly, which at least comprises an operating lever (25); the part of the inner core, which is provided with the signal generating device, extends into the outer ring primary section, and the gear positioning device is not arranged in the outer ring primary section, namely the gear positioning device is arranged outside the outer ring primary section;

the middle position of the inner core (11) is provided with at least one first limiting hole or groove (111) for accommodating the operating rod (25), and one part of the operating rod (25) extends into or penetrates through the first limiting hole or groove (111).

2. Gear selector according to claim 1, said inner core (11) being connected with said closing connection means in a revolute pair.

3. Gear selector according to claim 2, characterized in that said inner core (11) is mounted inside said closed connection means and its axial displacement is limited by said closed connection means.

4. Gear selector according to claim 3, characterized in that the axial displacement of the inner core (11) is limited by a closed connection means by a shoulder or an axial end face on the inner core.

5. Gear selector according to claim 2, characterised in that at least one core fulcrum hole (112) is provided in the side of the core (11).

6. The gear selector according to claim 5, characterized in that said inner core (11) is fixed or hinged to said operating rod (25) by means of said inner core fulcrum hole (112).

7. Gear selector according to claim 2, characterized in that said inner core (11) is provided with a shutter mounting hole (115).

8. The gear selector according to claim 2, wherein the core (11) is provided with a shift shaft mounting hole (117) along an axial direction, and the shift shaft (10) is mounted in the shift shaft mounting hole (117).

9. The gear selector according to claim 8, wherein at least one limit runner (113) is provided on the side of the core (11).

10. The gear selector according to claim 8, wherein the body of the shift shaft (10) is cylindrical, and wherein at least one first through hole or slot (102) is provided in the middle of the shift shaft (10) for receiving an operating lever, or wherein at least one hole or slot is provided in the operating lever for receiving the shift shaft (10).

11. The gear selector according to any of claims 2-8, wherein at least a second through hole or slot (105) is provided in said inner core (11) or in said selector shaft (10) or at the end of said selector shaft for mounting an inner ring part element of a gear positioning device.

12. The gear selector according to any of claims 1-10, wherein the selector shaft (10) has at least one lever connection hole (101) formed in a middle portion thereof, and the lever (25) has at least one shift shaft sliding slot (254) formed in a lower portion thereof, and a detent pin mounted in the lever connection hole (101) slides in the shift shaft sliding slot (254).

13. The gear selector according to claim 10, wherein one end of the selector shaft (10) is a protruding thin-walled flange (106).

14. The gear selector according to claim 10, wherein the end of the selector shaft (10) extending into the outer race primary section has at least one routing sleeve mounting hole (104).

15. The gear selector according to claim 13, wherein the end of the selector shaft (10) extending into the outer ring primary section is fitted with a hollow routing sleeve (12).

16. The gear selector according to claim 11, wherein at least one detent fixing hole (103) is provided on the core or on the selector shaft (10) or at the end of the selector shaft.

17. The gear selector according to claim 11, wherein a second through hole or slot (105) on the core or on the selector shaft (10) is provided for mounting an inner ring part element of a positioning device; the inner core or the gear selecting shaft (10) is used for installing an inner ring part element of the positioning device through an interference fit with the positioning device or a positioning device fixing hole (103) on the inner core or the gear selecting shaft.

18. The gear selector according to claim 17, wherein said positioning means comprises an inner ring part element and an outer ring part element; the inner ring part element comprises a positioning mounting element or an elastic element or a clamping element, and the outer ring part element comprises a positioning sleeve or a friction sleeve; the positioning and mounting element is mounted on the inner core or the gear selecting shaft, the elastic element is mounted in the positioning and mounting element, one end or two ends of the elastic element mounted in the positioning and mounting element are provided with clamping elements, and an outer ring part element is sleeved outside the positioning and mounting element; under the action of the elastic element, the clamping element of the inner ring part element and the outer ring part element are extruded together, and the positioning is realized through the mutual friction force or the clamping force between the clamping element of the rolling body type and the positioning pit, the positioning hole or the positioning groove on the inner surface of the outer ring part element.

19. The gear selector according to claim 12, wherein the operating lever (25), the selector shaft (10) and the core (11) mounted outside the selector shaft are connected by a detent pin (26), the detent pin (26) passing through a detent gate (113) of the core (11), an operating lever connection hole (101) on the selector shaft (10) and a selector shaft gate (254) on the operating lever (25).

20. Gear selector according to claim 19, wherein the detent pin (26) extends into a detent groove (212) of a routing slider (21) mounted in the lever cavity.

21. Gear selector according to claim 1, wherein the lever has a fulcrum hole (255) at its lower end, and wherein the lever (25) and the inner core (11) are connected by a cylindrical pin (27), the cylindrical pin (27) extending through the positioning hole (112) of the inner core (11) and the fulcrum hole (255) in the lever (25) into the lever (25).

22. Gear selector according to claim 19 or 21, wherein said detent pin (26) and said cylindrical pin (27) are limited in their axial displacement by a stop plate (28), said stop plate (28) having a mounting hole (281) in the middle, said mounting hole (281) cooperating with a stop plate mounting hole (115) in said inner core (11).

23. Gear selector according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the outer ring primary section (15) is coaxially fixedly connected with the outer ring end section (16) and an end cap (17).

24. Gear selector according to claim 18, wherein the positioning sleeve (33) and the end cap (17) are of one-piece construction or of two separate parts.

25. The gear selector according to claim 1, wherein said end cap (17) is of stepped thin-walled cylindrical configuration, said end cap (17) being fitted over an inner ring part element of the positioning device; and a second positioning hole, a positioning pit or a positioning groove (171) is formed in the circumferential inner surface of the cylindrical structure of the end cover (17).

26. Gear selector according to claim 25, wherein said second positioning holes, positioning pits or positioning grooves (171) are partly or entirely evenly distributed over the circumferential inner surface.

27. The gear selector according to claim 25, wherein a transition portion of a first step (173) of the end cap (17) is a smooth transition structure similar to a cone, and the end cap (17) is fixedly connected with the outer ring end section (16).

28. The gear selector according to claim 1, wherein the inner bore of the outer ring segment (15) is a stepped bore, and the first stepped bore (151) of the outer ring segment (15) is in a revolute pair fit with the inner core.

29. The gear selector according to claim 28, wherein said outer ring primary section (15) has a dust ring or seal ring groove (157) formed therein for mounting a dust ring or seal ring (30).

30. The gear selector according to claim 1, wherein said gear selector has a retaining ring (153) formed thereon.

31. Gear selector according to claim 23, wherein said outer ring primary section (15) is provided with a routing end cap (31) at one end and an outer ring end section (16) at the other end.

32. The gear selector of claim 1, wherein said signal generating means comprises an excitation terminal and a circuit portion; the excitation end of the signal generating device comprises an encoding disc (13) or a thin-wall flange (106) of a gear selecting shaft which is connected with the inner core to rotate coaxially, and a circuit part of the signal generating device is fixedly connected to the outer ring initial section (15).

33. Gear selector according to claim 32, wherein the excitation end of the signal generating means comprises a photo-electrically coded disc (13) or a ferromagnetic coded disc for exciting a hall switch or a coded disc for exciting a contact switch; the circuit part of the signal generating device comprises a circuit board (14) and switch groups (141,142) fixedly connected to the circuit board (14), wherein the circuit board is fixedly connected to the outer ring primary section (15) through a fixing ring (35).

34. The gear selector according to claim 32, wherein said signal generating means comprises current, voltage or resistance analog signal generating means or a rotation angle sensor comprising an analog or discrete quantity.

35. Gear selector according to claim 32, wherein said code disc (13) is provided with a hole in its middle.

36. Gear selector according to claim 1, wherein said outer ring end section (16) is provided with a regular or profiled groove (161) at its upper portion, said operating lever (25) being connected to said control body through said regular or profiled groove (161).

37. Gear selector according to claim 36, wherein the lever assembly comprises a hollow cylindrical lever and a positioning pin (18) arranged in an inner cavity of the lever (25).

38. Gear selector according to claim 37, wherein said positioning pin (18) is a stepped cylinder, sleeved from the lower end to the top with a positioning slider (20), a routing slider (21), a first elastic element (19), a screw slider (22), an operating lever button (29), a second elastic element (23) and a handle slider (24), respectively.

39. Gear selector according to claim 37, wherein said outer ring end section (16) is provided with a positioning hole, a positioning pit or a positioning slot (162) arranged circumferentially in its lower part and cooperating with the end of said positioning pin (18).

40. Gear selector according to claim 37, wherein the positioning hole, positioning pit or positioning slot (162) of the outer ring end section (16) arranged circumferentially and cooperating with the end of the positioning pin (18) is of a conical configuration; or the tail end of the positioning needle (18) is in a conical structure, or the tail end of the positioning needle (18) and a positioning hole, a positioning pit or a positioning groove (162) matched with the tail end of the positioning needle are in conical structures.

41. The gear selector according to claim 1, wherein the entire apparatus comprises a fixing ring (32) for fixing the gear selector to the external device, the fixing ring is a structure in which a circular ring structure is fixedly connected to another circular ring structure, the circular ring structure is used for sleeving the body device, the circular ring is used for sleeving or mounting on the external device, the size of the circular ring varies according to the variation of the external device, the fixing ring (32) is provided with a mounting hole (321) at a position matching with the fixing ring hole (153) on the outer ring primary section (15), and the fixing ring is fixedly connected to the outer ring primary section (15) through the mounting hole.

42. The gear selector according to claim 41, wherein said fixed mounting collar (32) is provided with a positioning pin mounting hole (322) at a location where it cooperates with a steering column or mounting column, by means of which positioning pin mounting hole (322) said fixed mounting collar (32) is fixedly connected to said steering column or mounting column.

43. The gear selector according to claim 38, wherein said positioning slider (20) has an inner bore (202) slidably connected to said positioning pin (18), said positioning slider (20) being rigidly connected to said lever assembly.

44. The gear selector according to claim 38, wherein the lower end face of the routing slider (21) is disposed on the first boss (181) face of the positioning pin (18), and the routing slider (21) is slidably connected with the inner wall of the operating lever (25); the wiring slider (21) is provided with wiring holes (211) at two sides of the circumferential surface.

45. The gear selector according to claim 38, wherein said first resilient element (19) is interposed between said routing slider (21) and said lever (25) bore boss (256); the first elastic element (19) is sleeved in an inner hole of the operating rod (25).

46. The gear selector according to claim 38, wherein a lower end face of said screw slider (22) rests on a second boss (182) face of said positioning pin (18), said second resilient element (23) rests on an upper end face of said screw slider (22), said handle slider (24) rests on an upper end face of said second resilient element (23); the screw rod sliding block (22) is fixedly connected with the positioning needle (18) or is connected with the positioning needle through a revolute pair, and the screw rod sliding block (22) and the handle sliding block (24) are connected with an inner hole of the operating rod (25) in a sliding mode.

47. Gear selector according to claim 38, wherein said operating lever (25) is provided at its upper end with a U-like groove (252) or an n-like groove of unequal length on either side; the middle part of the screw rod sliding block (22) is provided with a button mounting hole (221); the operating rod button (29) is in revolute pair or fixed connection with the positioning needle (18) through a button mounting hole (221) in the screw rod sliding block (22); the operating rod button (29) can slide in a U-shaped groove (252) or an n-shaped groove.

48. The gear selector according to claim 47, wherein said lever button (29) is mounted in a recess (183) of said positioning pin (18) through a button mounting hole (221) on said screw slider (22).

49. Gear selector according to claim 38, wherein said handle slider (24) is provided with holes (241) on both sides, and an external handle is connected to said holes (241) on both sides of said handle slider (24) by means of a connecting element via a slide groove (251) in the operating lever (25) for moving the handle and said handle slider (24) together.

50. Gear selector according to claim 38, wherein said operating lever (25) is provided with a wiring hole (253) in its lower part.

51. The gear selector according to claim 38, wherein said positioning pin (18) is either one integral element or two separate parts with said positioning slider (20); when they are a single piece, the positioning slider (20) is not fixedly connected to the operating lever.

52. The gear selector according to claim 37, wherein said gear selector comprises one of a screw slider (22), a handle slider (24), or said gear selector comprises both a screw slider (22) and a handle slider (24).

53. The gear selector of claim 40, wherein a boss is provided intermediate two adjacent locating holes, locating pits or locating grooves of the lower portion of the outer ring end section.

54. The gear selector of claim 52, wherein a gap exists between the handle slider and the inner cavity wall of the lever for a wire to pass through; a gap is reserved between the screw rod sliding block and the wall surface of the inner cavity of the operating rod for a lead to pass through.

55. The gear selector according to claim 53, wherein a T-shaped boss (165) is provided intermediate two adjacent locating holes, locating pits or locating grooves of the lower portion of the outer ring end section.

56. The gear selector according to claim 8, characterized in that the body of the selector shaft (10) is a cylindrical body of cylindrical hollow construction.