CN108305083A - A kind of commodity source tracing method and system based on block chain - Google Patents
A kind of commodity source tracing method and system based on block chain Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of commodity source tracing method and system based on block chain, this method is：The service node of multiple equities constitutes the service network of a decentralization, and the detailed process for leading to commodity tracing code stream is recorded as block data；Manufacturing enterprise, dealer at different levels, retailer are connected to as different classes of user node on service platform, acquisition, preservation and itself relevant traceability code data, and carry out related service operation；Every commodity are endowed a unique commodity tracing code, when commodity circulate between each dealer, traceability code data also circulate between the user node of each dealer, are traced to the circulation process of commodity tracing code, complete the retrospect to merchandise circulation process.The system is used for implementing this method.The present invention have many advantages, such as principle it is simple, it is easy to operate, can fundamentally solve the problems, such as that commodity are traced to the source.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates generally to the technical field that commodity are traced to the source, refer in particular to a kind of commodity source tracing method based on block chain and
System.
Background technology
Commodity, which are traced to the source, starts from food service industry, is a kind of information system of the record detailed process of circulation of commodity, when commodity occur
When quality or safety problem, it can be recalled and be disposed in time, to safeguarding that it is extremely heavy that consumer's interests and social stability have
Big meaning.China has specific commodity to trace to the source requirement in the fields such as drug, food, agricultural product.
Existing commodity traceability system is all made of integrated system framework, that is, sets up a unique centromere of total system
Point requires relevant intermediate link (at different levels dealers, retailer) into this in each step of each commodity circulation
Heart node submits the detailed transaction information of the commodity.
Above-mentioned existing traditional approach comes with some shortcomings：
1, system cost is high, complicated for operation.
Existing commodity tracing technology scheme is all made of centralized architecture, and to reach target of tracing to the source, scheme requires all
Interim distributors, retail commercial city are necessarily connected on Centroid, and provide it the details of commodity circulation.And it is to ensure
System safety, must just carry out all users for being connected to Centroid stringent registration management and authentication, this just must
All kinds of dedicated encryption/ID authentication devices are so used, is improved so as to cause user cost and (needs to be equipped with relevant device and soft
Part), use (to be registered before use, when use will also start special equipment, input password etc.) complicated for operation.This disadvantage is brought
Direct result be exactly that in existing commodity traceability system, a large amount of interim distributors, retailer are reluctant to be added so that quotient
Product circulation information is extremely imperfect, so that commodity traceability system is difficult to play its due effect.
2, the reliability of data is unable to ensure.
In existing commodity tracing technology scheme, all commodity circulation data have all been submitted to by system operator
The Centroid of management carries out centralized and unified management by the node to all data, and user can not participate in data management, thus
It can not prevent data from being distorted by system operator malice.Once going wrong, the responsibility of system operator itself is all difficult to can
By getting rid of, the responsibility of other each related sides be just more difficult to it is credible define, easily cause dispute.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that：For technical problem of the existing technology, the present invention provides one
Kind of principle is simple, easy to operate, the commodity source tracing method based on block chain that can fundamentally solve the problems, such as that commodity trace to the source and
System.The present invention can be effectively realized with extremely low cost and a small amount of increased commodity circulation operation complexity to Commodity Flow
The retrospect of logical overall process.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
A kind of commodity source tracing method based on block chain is：Service node one decentralization of composition of multiple equities
Service network, the detailed process for leading to commodity tracing code stream are recorded as block data；Manufacturing enterprise, dealer at different levels, zero
Quotient is sold as different classes of user node, is connected on service platform, acquisition, preservation and itself relevant traceability code data,
And carry out related service operation；Every commodity are endowed a unique commodity tracing code, when commodity are between each dealer
When circulation, traceability code data also circulate between the user node of each dealer, are chased after to the circulation process of commodity tracing code
It traces back, completes the retrospect to merchandise circulation process.
As a further improvement on the present invention：The circulation process of the commodity tracing code is a pair of with merchandise circulation process one
It answers, and fully synchronized.
As a further improvement on the present invention：The manufacturing enterprise of the commodity, dealer, retailer run a number
Node, and apply for a pair of of public key of acquisition, private key pair to the service provider that traces to the source, for its digital nodes to traceability code process of exchange
It is signed and is verified；Service provider's operation of tracing to the source is distributed in multiple digital nodes of different location, these number sections
Point is interconnected by internet, it is established that the channel of commodity tracing code Transaction Information transmission.
As a further improvement on the present invention：The generation process of the commodity tracing code is：
Commodity production enterprise, according to the coding rule of commodity tracing code, generates therewith while producing a collection of commodity
The equal commodity tracing code of quantity so that all there are one unique corresponding commodity tracing codes therewith for each commodity；Manufacturing enterprise
The commodity tracing code of generation and other relevant informations are submitted into platform of tracing to the source as a transaction, block is recorded by the latter
On chain.
As a further improvement on the present invention：The process of circulation of the commodity tracing code is：
A transaction application, content are submitted when sending a collection of commodity to dealer, while to platform of tracing to the source by manufacturing enterprise
Further include producer's delivery availability, delivery whereabouts relevant information in addition to comprising commodity tracing code corresponding with this batch of commodity；It is described
Dealer submits a transaction after receiving the commodity of manufacturing enterprise or upstream dealer transmission and confirmation, to platform of tracing to the source
Application, content includes commodity tracing code, receiving time, source-information of receiving.
As a further improvement on the present invention：It is described transaction application verification process be：Platform of tracing to the source is responsible for looking forward to production
The transaction application that industry and dealer submit is verified, and is applied with refusing illegal transaction.
As a further improvement on the present invention：The method of the verification includes：Using the public key of transaction applicant, it is verified
Commodity tracing code source is credible；To merchandising, involved commodity tracing digital content is verified, it is ensured that input, the output one of transaction
It causes.
As a further improvement on the present invention：The recording process of the transaction is：Trace to the source platform multiple nodes between transport
The a set of common recognition mechanism of row, periodically synchronizes and decides by vote, and the licit traffic in this period is remembered by which node with determining
It records on block chain.
As a further improvement on the present invention：The trace back process of the merchandise resources is：It is generated during commodity circulation
By complete documentation on block chain, platform of tracing to the source is provided by a query node to all types of user all licit traffic information
The commodity of diversified forms are traced to the source information inquiry service, including generic web pages inquiry, private client inquiry or mobile phone A pp inquiries.
Invention further provides a kind of commodity traceability systems based on block chain comprising：
The service node of service platform, multiple equities constitutes the service platform of a decentralization as service network, use
The detailed process that commodity tracing code stream leads to is recorded as block data；
User node, manufacturing enterprise, dealer at different levels, retailer are connected to service as different classes of user node
On platform, with obtain, preserve with itself relevant traceability code data, and carry out related service operation；
Commodity tracing code, every commodity are endowed a unique commodity tracing code, when commodity are between each dealer
When circulation, the data of commodity tracing code also circulate between the user node of each dealer；Commodity tracing code is flowed through
Cheng Jinhang is traced, and is also achieved that the retrospect to merchandise circulation process.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows：
1, the commodity source tracing method and system based on block chain of the invention, it is at low cost, using simple.Maximum feature it
One is under conditions of not using core agent, efficiently realizes point-to-point credible interaction, utilizes block chain technology
This feature, commodity source tracing method proposed by the present invention do not need user and register, need not increase any encryption/identity newly and recognize
Equipment is demonstrate,proved, any user can flexibly be added, convenient use, and the zero cost for realizing user is added, zero study uses.
2, the commodity source tracing method and system based on block chain of the invention, data are completely reliable.Block chain technology can
It allows relevant party to be involved in data management, and can ensure record once being added into block chain, anyone can not distort.
Using this feature of block chain technology, commodity source tracing method proposed by the present invention can be supported to produce and sell enterprise's participation pair
The management for data of tracing to the source, and the data that ensure to trace to the source can not distort, and fundamentally prevent the possibility for generating dispute.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is principle schematic of the present invention in concrete application example.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention is described in further details below with reference to Figure of description and specific embodiment.
Block chain technology is a revolutionary technological innovation of internet and information technology field, is gone its essence is one
The distributed account book database of centralization, can be used for store a large amount of Transaction Informations, have decentralization, it is open and clear, can not
It distorts, facilitate the characteristics of retrospect.Block chain technology is most early in electronic cash system --- the bit of first complete decentralization
Accomplished and successful application in coin project, main feature and advantage are：
1, decentralization.Decentralization is the subversiveness feature of block chain technology, it is in the item acted on behalf of without using centralization
Under part, a kind of point-to-point directly credible interaction is realized so that high efficiency, extensive, non-stop layerization agency reliable information
Interaction becomes reality.
2, record can not be distorted.Another distinguishing feature of block chain technology is, once record is added into block chain, just
It will be permanently present, and anyone can not distort.This feature of block chain ensures the reliability and trackability of its record.
As it can be seen that the These characteristics of block chain technology can overcome the shortcomings of existing solution, effectively meet commodity and trace to the source
The core demand of system, this basic point of departure exactly of the invention.
Although people are attempting block chain Technique Popularizing to the other field other than financial, to being at present
Only, still occur without the ripe application other than financial field.Therefore, commodity are carried out currently without application block chain technology to trace to the source
Technical solution, the present invention be put forward for the first time this scheme.
The present invention is based on the basic principles of the commodity source tracing method of block chain to be that, using block chain technical construction one
The digital world parallel with real world is right when circulating between each dealer of the commodity in real world
The commodity tracing code answered also circulates between each digital nodes in digital world fully synchronizedly.Due to block chain skill
Art can ensure that the commodity tracing code stream in digital world turns over Cheng Buke and distorts, can trace completely, therefore, by being chased after to commodity
The code stream that traces back turns over the retrospect of journey, is also achieved that the reliable retrospect for the process that circulates to commodity itself.
As shown in Figure 1, the commodity source tracing method based on block chain of the present invention, is：The service node of multiple equities is constituted
The service network (being known as service platform or platform of tracing to the source) of one decentralization, the detailed process for being used for leading to commodity tracing code stream
It is recorded as block data；Manufacturing enterprise, dealer at different levels, retailer connect if necessary as different classes of user node
Onto service platform, acquisition, preservation and itself relevant traceability code data, and carry out related service operation；Every commodity are assigned
A unique commodity tracing code is given, when commodity circulate between each dealer, traceability code data are also in each dealer
User node between circulate, the two circulation processes correspond, and fully synchronized；To the circulation process of commodity tracing code into
Row retrospect, is also achieved that the retrospect to merchandise circulation process.From the foregoing, it will be observed that in the method for the invention since block chain is traced to the source
Platform can ensure the reliable, credible of the process of circulation of commodity tracing code, thus also ensure that commodity circulation process it is reliable,
It is credible.
When concrete application, in the above method of the present invention, the manufacturing enterprise of commodity, dealer, retailer run one
A digital nodes, and apply for a pair of of public key of acquisition, private key pair to the service provider that traces to the source, traceability code is handed over for its digital nodes
Easy process is signed and is verified；The service provider that traces to the source runs the multiple digital nodes for being distributed in different location, these numbers
Node is interconnected by internet, it is established that the channel (platform of tracing to the source) of commodity tracing code Transaction Information transmission.
When concrete application, in the above method of the present invention, the generation process of commodity tracing code is：Commodity production enterprise exists
While producing a collection of commodity, according to the coding rule of commodity tracing code, the equal commodity tracing code of quantity therewith is generated, is made
Obtaining each commodity, all there are one unique corresponding commodity tracing codes therewith.Manufacturing enterprise by the commodity tracing code of generation and its
His relevant information submits to platform of tracing to the source as a transaction, is recorded on block chain by the latter.It is appreciated that commodity tracing code
The generation service provider that can also be traced to the source by third party service is provided, in favor of realizing that same industry commodity are uniformly traced to the source.
When concrete application, in the above method of the present invention, the process of circulation of commodity tracing code is：Manufacturing enterprise is to warp
When selling quotient's transmission a batch commodity, while a transaction application is submitted to platform of tracing to the source, content is except comprising corresponding with this batch of commodity
Commodity tracing code outside, further include producer's delivery availability, the delivery relevant informations such as whereabouts；Dealer receive manufacturing enterprise or on
After swimming the commodity that dealer sends and confirmation, a transaction application is submitted to platform of tracing to the source, content includes commodity tracing
The information such as code, receiving time, source of receiving.
When concrete application, in the above method of the present invention, the verification process for application of merchandising is：Platform of tracing to the source is responsible for life
The transaction application that production enterprise and dealer submit is verified, and is applied with refusing illegal transaction.In the present embodiment, it verifies
Method include：Using the public key of transaction applicant, it is credible to verify its commodity tracing code source；To merchandising, involved commodity chase after
The digital content that traces back is verified, it is ensured that input, the output of transaction are consistent.
When concrete application, in the above method of the present invention, the recording process of transaction is：Trace to the source platform multiple nodes it
Between run a set of common recognition mechanism, periodically synchronize and decide by vote, with determine by which node come the legal friendship in this period
Easily it is recorded on block chain.In the present embodiment, common recognition mechanism may be used the modes such as simple vote, specialized protocol and realize, answer
According to the characteristics of different application and demand is selected, but it must assure that and can select an enabled node within the given time.
When concrete application, in the above method of the present invention, the trace back process of merchandise resources is：It is produced during commodity circulation
Raw all licit traffic information are by complete documentation on block chain, and therefore, platform of tracing to the source can be by a query node
The commodity that diversified forms are provided to all types of user (supervision department, consumer, manufacturing enterprise etc.) are traced to the source information inquiry service, including
Generic web pages inquiry, private client inquiry, mobile phone A pp inquiries etc., also can set up difference according to the difference of class of subscriber
Search access right, to protect relevant sensitization information.
The present invention further provides a kind of commodity traceability systems based on block chain, including：
The service node of service platform, multiple equities constitutes the service platform of a decentralization as service network, use
The detailed process that commodity tracing code stream leads to is recorded as block data；
User node, manufacturing enterprise, dealer at different levels, retailer are connected to service as different classes of user node
On platform, with obtain, preserve with itself relevant traceability code data, and carry out related service operation；
Commodity tracing code, every commodity are endowed a unique commodity tracing code, when commodity are between each dealer
When circulation, the data of commodity tracing code also circulate between the user node of each dealer, the two circulation processes are right one by one
It answers, and fully synchronized；The circulation process of commodity tracing code is traced, is also achieved that the retrospect to merchandise circulation process.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-described embodiment,
All technical solutions belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the art
For those of ordinary skill, several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention should be regarded as the protection of the present invention
Range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of commodity source tracing method based on block chain, which is characterized in that during the service node composition one of multiple equities is gone
The service network of the heart, the detailed process for leading to commodity tracing code stream are recorded as block data；At different levels available from manufacturing enterprise
Quotient, retailer are connected to as different classes of user node on service platform, obtain, preserve and itself relevant traceability code
Data, and carry out related service operation；Every commodity are endowed a unique commodity tracing code, when commodity are in each dealer
Between when circulating, traceability code data also circulate between the user node of each dealer, to the circulation process of commodity tracing code into
Row retrospect, completes the retrospect to merchandise circulation process.
2. the commodity source tracing method according to claim 1 based on block chain, which is characterized in that the commodity tracing code
Circulation process is corresponded with merchandise circulation process, and fully synchronized.
3. the commodity source tracing method according to claim 1 or 2 based on block chain, which is characterized in that the life of the commodity
Production enterprise, dealer, retailer run a digital nodes, and apply for a pair of of public key of acquisition, private to the service provider that traces to the source
Key pair is signed and is verified to traceability code process of exchange for its digital nodes；The service provider that traces to the source runs distribution
Multiple digital nodes in different location, these digital nodes are interconnected by internet, it is established that commodity tracing code is merchandised
The channel of information transmission.
4. the commodity source tracing method according to claim 1 or 2 based on block chain, which is characterized in that the commodity tracing
Code generation process be：
Commodity production enterprise, according to the coding rule of commodity tracing code, generates quantity therewith while producing a collection of commodity
Equal commodity tracing code so that all there are one unique corresponding commodity tracing codes therewith for each commodity；Manufacturing enterprise will give birth to
At commodity tracing code and other relevant informations submit to platform of tracing to the source as a transaction, block chain is recorded by the latter
On.
5. the commodity source tracing method according to claim 4 based on block chain, which is characterized in that the commodity tracing code
The process of circulation is：
A transaction application is submitted when sending a collection of commodity to dealer, while to platform of tracing to the source by manufacturing enterprise, and content is except packet
Further include producer's delivery availability, delivery whereabouts relevant information outside containing commodity tracing code corresponding with this batch of commodity；It is described to sell
Quotient submits a transaction Shen after receiving the commodity of manufacturing enterprise or upstream dealer transmission and confirmation, to platform of tracing to the source
Please, content includes commodity tracing code, receiving time, source-information of receiving.
6. the commodity source tracing method according to claim 1 or 2 based on block chain, which is characterized in that the transaction application
Verification process be：Platform of tracing to the source is responsible for verifying the transaction application that manufacturing enterprise and dealer submit, and is not conformed to refusal
The transaction application of method.
7. the commodity source tracing method according to claim 6 based on block chain, which is characterized in that the method packet of the verification
It includes：Using the public key of transaction applicant, it is credible to verify its commodity tracing code source；To involved commodity tracing digital content of merchandising
It is verified, it is ensured that input, the output of transaction are consistent.
8. the commodity source tracing method according to claim 1 or 2 based on block chain, which is characterized in that the note of the transaction
Record process is：Trace to the source platform multiple nodes between run a set of common recognition mechanism, periodically synchronize and decide by vote, with determine by which
A node the licit traffic in this period is recorded on block chain.
9. the commodity source tracing method according to claim 1 or 2 based on block chain, which is characterized in that the merchandise resources
Trace back process be：All licit traffic information generated during commodity circulation are traced to the source by complete documentation on block chain
The commodity that platform provides diversified forms by a query node to all types of user are traced to the source information inquiry service, including generic web pages
Inquiry, private client inquiry or mobile phone A pp inquiries.
10. a kind of commodity traceability system based on block chain, which is characterized in that including：
Service platform, for the service platform of service node one decentralization of composition of multiple equities as service network, being used for will
The logical detailed process of commodity tracing code stream is recorded as block data；
User node, manufacturing enterprise, dealer at different levels, retailer are connected to service platform as different classes of user node
On, with obtain, preserve with itself relevant traceability code data, and carry out related service operation；
Commodity tracing code, every commodity are endowed a unique commodity tracing code, when commodity circulate between each dealer
When, the data of commodity tracing code also circulate between the user node of each dealer；To the circulation process of commodity tracing code into
Row retrospect, is also achieved that the retrospect to merchandise circulation process.
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