CN108299038B - Process for preparing fertilizer from potassium-rich organic fertilizer - Google Patents
Process for preparing fertilizer from potassium-rich organic fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN108299038B CN108299038B CN201810205376.4A CN201810205376A CN108299038B CN 108299038 B CN108299038 B CN 108299038B CN 201810205376 A CN201810205376 A CN 201810205376A CN 108299038 B CN108299038 B CN 108299038B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/70—Controlling the treatment in response to process parameters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic fertilizer preparation, and particularly relates to a potassium-rich organic fertilizer preparation process, which comprises the following steps: sorting raw materials, sieving, crushing, sieving, mixing, fermenting, filtering, drying, grinding and bagging; the fermentation system comprises a frame, a stirring module, a power module, a first fermentation module, a first sealing module, a second fermentation module, a second sealing module and a microcomputer control box; the first sealing module is used for sealing the first fermentation module, and the second sealing module is used for sealing the second fermentation module; the stirring module is connected with the power module; the microcomputer control box controls the power module to drive the stirring module to stir the materials to be stirred in the first fermentation module and the second fermentation module in sequence, and controls the starting operation of the first fermentation module, the second fermentation module, the first sealing module and the second sealing module; the fermentation system effectively reduces the fermentation time of the organic fertilizer and promotes the improvement of the yield of the organic fertilizer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer preparation by using organic fertilizers, and particularly relates to a process for preparing a potassium-rich organic fertilizer.
Background
In the agricultural fertilizer, an organic fertilizer and an inorganic fertilizer are mainly used, the organic fertilizer is an intermediate product which follows natural laws and ecological principles and coordinates the balance of the planting industry and the breeding industry, the organic fertilizer is rich in a large number of beneficial substances, comprises various organic acids, peptides and rich nutrient elements including nitrogen and phosphorus, can provide comprehensive nutrition for crops, has long fertilizer efficiency, can increase and update soil potassium organic matters, promotes the propagation of microorganisms, improves the physicochemical property and the biological activity of soil, is a main nutrient for green food production, improves the utilization rate of the fertilizer, reduces the production cost, and simultaneously flows into ponds and rivers, some fishes and shrimps can use the organic fertilizer as food, can promote the growth of the fishes and shrimps, avoids the overgrowth of aquatic plants in the ponds and the rivers, but the nutrient release of the organic fertilizer is slow. Inorganic fertilizer nutrients are released quickly, comprehensive nutrition can be provided for crops, certain pollution is achieved, a lot of water plants can be promoted to grow excessively when the inorganic fertilizer flows into a pond and a river, oxygen content in the pond and the river is low, fishes die, and meanwhile the river is blocked by the excessive growth of the water plants, so that river water flows slowly and smells.
In the production process of the organic fertilizer, the arrangement of the process flow influences the yield of the organic fertilizer and the quality of the organic fertilizer, in the production process of the organic fertilizer, the fermentation time of the organic fertilizer is about 9 days generally, the organic fertilizer accounts for a large proportion, and the reduction of the fermentation time of the organic fertilizer can effectively improve the yield of the organic fertilizer; the high-quality organic fertilizer manufacturing process flow can promote the improvement of the quality of the organic fertilizer. In the prior organic fertilizer production, the fermentation time of the organic fertilizer is long, precipitates generated after the fermentation of the organic fertilizer need to be manually cleaned, time and labor are wasted, and the yield of the organic fertilizer is low; the nutrients of the organic fertilizer are slowly released, and the quality of the organic fertilizer needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a process for preparing a potassium-rich organic fertilizer, and mainly solves the problems of low yield and low quality in the production of the organic fertilizer. According to the invention, the mutual cooperation of the stirring module, the first fermentation module, the first sealing module, the second fermentation module, the second sealing module and the microcomputer control box effectively reduces the fermentation time of the organic fertilizer, promotes the yield of the organic fertilizer to be improved, improves the fermentation effect of the organic fertilizer, promotes the nutrient release of the organic fertilizer and improves the quality of the organic fertilizer by improving the production process of the organic fertilizer.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a process for preparing fertilizer from potassium-rich organic fertilizer, which comprises the following steps:
A. sorting raw materials;
B. sieving, namely sieving the mildew-free raw materials selected in the step A to screen out raw materials meeting the requirements;
C. c, crushing, namely crushing the material screened in the step B by a crusher;
D. screening, namely screening the crushed raw materials in the step C again to remove powder in the materials;
E. mixing, namely mixing the raw materials screened in the step D in a mixer according to a certain proportion;
F. c, fermentation, namely adding the material mixed in the step E into a fermentation system for fermentation treatment;
G. after a period of time, filtering and drying the material fermented in the step F;
H. grinding the dried material in the step G, and adding ingredients while grinding;
I. c, bagging the finally prepared material in the step H;
the fermentation system in the step F comprises a rack, a stirring module, a power module, a first fermentation module, a first sealing module, a second fermentation module, a second sealing module and a microcomputer control box, wherein the first fermentation module and the second fermentation module have the same structure, and the first sealing module and the second sealing module have the same structure; the first sealing module is used for sealing the first fermentation module, and the second sealing module is used for sealing the second fermentation module; the stirring module is connected with the power module; the microcomputer control box controls the power module to drive the stirring module to stir the materials to be stirred in the first fermentation module and the second fermentation module in sequence, and controls the starting operation of the first fermentation module, the second fermentation module, the first sealing module and the second sealing module; the fermentation module is not limited to the first fermentation module and the second fermentation module, and a third fermentation module and a fourth fermentation module can be arranged.
The stirring module comprises a first mounting body, a first motor, a ball head, a first stirring rod and a second stirring rod, wherein the first motor and the ball head are both mounted on the first mounting body; the first mounting body is connected with the power module, and a first vent hole is formed in the first mounting body; the first motor drives the ball head to rotate; the first stirring rod is connected with the ball head, and the second stirring rod is connected with the ball head; and an included angle of 20-45 degrees is formed between the first stirring rod and the second stirring rod. When the stirring device works, under the control of the microcomputer control box, the first motor drives the ball head to rotate, and the ball head drives the first stirring rod and the second stirring rod to stir and rotate for stirring; the first vent hole is used for gas circulation in the first fermentation module, and the phenomenon that the pressure in the first fermentation module is too large or oxygen is too little is avoided.
The power module comprises a pressurizing tank, a cylinder, a piston, a second mounting body, a rotary arm and a second motor, wherein the pressurizing tank is connected with the cylinder and is used for pressurizing the cylinder; the piston comprises a piston head and a piston rod; one end of the piston rod is connected with the piston head into a whole; the piston head is positioned in the pneumatic cylinder and is matched with the pneumatic cylinder; the other end of the piston rod is connected with the lower end of the second mounting body; the rotary arm and the second motor are both arranged in the second mounting body; the second motor drives the rotary arm to rotate. Through the control of the microcomputer control box, the pressurizing tank pressurizes the cylinder, the piston is forced to rise to push the whole second installation module, the rotary arm rises, the rotary arm drives the first installation body to rise, after the first installation body rises, the second motor drives the rotary wall to rotate, the rotary arm drives the first installation body to rotate, the stirring module sequentially stirs the raw materials in the first fermentation module and the second fermentation, the orderly proceeding of the stirring process is promoted, the stirring efficiency of the stirring process is improved, the time of the whole fertilizer making process is further shortened, and the yield of organic fertilizers is increased.
The first fermentation module comprises a barrel body, a first heat preservation layer, a first stirrer and a second stirrer, wherein the first heat preservation layer is attached to the inner wall of the barrel body and used for preserving heat in the barrel body; the first stirrer is arranged at the bottom end of the barrel body; the second stirrer is positioned between the first stirrer and the stirring module and is arranged on the inner wall of the barrel body; the first stirrer and the second stirrer are used for stirring the interior of the barrel body. In the process of stirring the raw materials in the barrel body by the first stirring rod and the second stirring rod, the first stirring rod and the second stirring rod are matched with the first stirring rod and the second stirring rod to stir under the control of the microcomputer control box, the upper raw materials in the barrel body are stirred by the first stirring rod and the second stirring rod, the middle layer of the raw materials is stirred by the second stirring rod in the middle of the barrel body, the bottom layer of the raw materials is stirred by the first stirring rod at the bottom of the barrel body, the raw materials are not easy to precipitate, the raw materials in the barrel body are uniformly stirred by multiple stirring, the stirring efficiency and the quality of organic fertilizers are improved, and the release speed of organic matter nutrients is favorably improved; the stirring time of the stirring process is shortened, and the yield of the whole organic fertilizer production is improved; in the fermentation process, the first heat-preservation layer heats and preserves the temperature of the to-be-fermented object in the barrel body under the control of the microcomputer control box, so that the temperature in the barrel body is kept constant at about 70 ℃, and meanwhile, the first stirrer and the second stirrer are controlled to renew the fermented object in the barrel body under the condition of not opening the sealing cover, so that the environmental change in the barrel body is reduced, the buffer time for fermenting the renewed fermented object again is reduced, the fermentation can be continuously carried out, and the time of the fermentation process is saved; simultaneously, the fermentation materials can be uniformly mixed again through the stirring of the first stirrer and the second stirrer, so that the fermentation materials can be sufficiently fermented by biological bacteria, the release speed of organic matter nutrients is favorably increased, and the quality of the organic fertilizer is improved.
The first sealing module comprises a sealing cover, a second insulating layer, a rack and a fifth motor, wherein the second insulating layer is tightly attached to the inner wall of the sealing cover; the second heat-insulating layer is used for heat insulation; a second vent hole is formed in the sealing cover and penetrates through the second heat insulation layer; one end of the rack is connected with the upper end of the sealing cover; the other end of the rack is positioned on a rack guide groove arranged on the mounting rack; the rack is matched with the rack guide groove; the fifth motor is arranged on the upper part of the sealing cover and drives the rack to move up and down in the rack guide groove. The second heat-insulating layer is used for insulating the barrel body under the control of the microcomputer control box, the fifth motor drives the rack to move upwards and downwards, the sealing cover moves along with the rack, and the second vent hole is used for exchanging gas in the barrel body with gas outside the barrel body, so that the phenomenon that the pressure in the first fermentation module is too high or the oxygen is too little is avoided; the sealing cover and the second heat-insulating layer have positive effects on keeping the temperature in the barrel body constant and the environment constant.
The first stirrer comprises a third motor, a third rotating shaft, a plurality of stirring blades and stirring nails, and the third motor is arranged at the lower end of the barrel body; the stirring blades are uniformly distributed on the curved surface at the upper end of the third rotating shaft; the lower end of the third rotating shaft is connected with a third motor; the stirring nails are connected with the lower ends of the stirring blades, and the stirring nails between the stirring blades are staggered. The third motor drives the third rotating shaft to rotate under the control of the microcomputer control box, the third rotating shaft drives the stirring blades to rotate, the stirring blades stir the fermented substances in the barrel, the stirring nails can stir some precipitated fermented substances, so that the fermented substances are not easy to sink, after the fermentation is finished, a large amount of precipitates are arranged at the bottom end of the barrel and are condensed into a whole, the precipitates are generally difficult to take out, the precipitates are stirred by the stirring nails to float upwards, the precipitates are convenient to take out, and manual mashing of the precipitates is not needed; stagger stirring nail on the stirring vane of a slice and the stirring nail on all the other stirring vanes each other, avoid setting up too much stirring nail and produce extravagantly.
The second stirrer comprises a fourth motor, a first stirring shaft, a second stirring shaft and a belt, wherein a first gear and a belt wheel are arranged on the first stirring shaft; the fourth motor drives the first stirring shaft to rotate through a belt and a belt wheel; a second gear is arranged on the second stirring shaft, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear; the first stirring shaft is provided with a plurality of first cutters, the second stirring shaft is provided with a plurality of second cutters, the first cutters and the second cutters are staggered, and the first cutters and the second cutters are matched for shearing. Through the control of the microcomputer control box, the fourth motor drives the first stirring shaft to rotate, the fourth motor passes through a belt, the belt wheel drives the first stirring shaft to rotate, the first stirring shaft drives the second stirring shaft to rotate through the transmission of a first gear and a second gear, the first stirring shaft and the second stirring shaft move in opposite directions, the first stirring shaft drives the first cutter to rotate, the second stirring shaft drives the second cutter to rotate, the first cutter and the second cutter are matched to shear, the fermented product cannot be condensed into a block shape, the fermented product is convenient to stir, the fermented product is beneficial to being fully fermented, the stirring efficiency of the fermented product is improved, the stirring time of the fermented product is shortened, and the yield and the quality of the organic fertilizer are improved.
The stirring blades are provided with anti-blocking square holes; the anti-blocking square hole is positioned at the joint of the stirring blade and the third rotating shaft; the hole wall of the anti-blocking square hole is also provided with a fourth shaft; and a rotating sheet is arranged on the fourth shaft and is rotationally connected with the fourth shaft. When the stirring blades stir, a lot of fermented materials are often blocked at the joint of the stirring blades and the third rotating shaft, so that the fermented materials at the joint cannot be sufficiently stirred; therefore, the anti-blocking square hole is formed, and the rotating sheet is arranged at the anti-blocking square hole, so that the fermented product at the joint of the stirring blade and the fourth shaft can be fully stirred.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the process for preparing the fertilizer by using the potassium-rich organic fertilizer, the first fermentation module, the first sealing module, the second fermentation module, the second sealing module and the microcomputer control box are matched with one another, the raw materials are crushed preliminarily before fermentation, and the organic matters are fully stirred in the fermentation process, so that microorganisms can fully ferment the organic matters, the fermentation time of the organic matters is shortened, the release speed of organic matter nutrients and the fermentation efficiency of the organic fertilizer are improved, and the yield and the quality of the organic fertilizer are improved.
2. According to the potassium-rich organic fertilizer making process, the stirring module, the power module, the first fermentation module, the second fermentation module and the microcomputer control box are matched with one another to work, after the stirring module is used for stirring the raw materials in the first fermentation module, the raw materials in the second fermentation module are stirred, and the plurality of fermentation modules are arranged, so that the stirring module can work continuously, the time consumption of the stirring process in the biological bacterium organic fertilizer making process is reduced, the efficiency of the stirring process is improved, and the yield of the organic fertilizer is improved.
3. According to the process for preparing the fertilizer by using the potassium-rich organic fertilizer, the stirring module, the power module, the first fermentation module, the second fermentation module and the microcomputer control box are matched with one another, so that the raw materials are uniformly stirred and fully mixed, various organic elements in the raw materials are uniformly distributed, and the quality of the organic fertilizer production is improved.
4. According to the potassium-rich organic fertilizer making process, the frame, the stirring module, the power module, the first fermentation module, the first sealing module, the second fermentation module, the second sealing module and the microcomputer control box are matched with one another, the organic fertilizer production process is improved, the labor intensity is reduced, and the labor cost is saved.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the fertilizer system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a bottom plan view of the first agitator of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of the mounting location of the rotating plate of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second agitator configuration of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a second agitator installation of the present invention;
in the figure: the fermentation device comprises a rack 1, a stirring module 2, a first mounting body 21, a first motor 22, a ball head 23, a first stirring rod 24, a second stirring rod 25, a power module 3, a pressurizing tank 31, a cylinder 32, a piston 33, a second mounting body 34, a rotary arm 35, a second motor 36, a first fermentation module 4, a barrel 41, a first heat-insulating layer 42, a first stirrer 43, a third motor 431, a plurality of stirring blades 432, an anti-blocking square hole 432a, a rotary sheet 432b, a stirring nail 433, a second stirrer 44, a fourth motor 441, a first stirring shaft 442, a first cutter 442a, a second stirring shaft 443, a second cutter 443a, a belt 444, a first sealing module 5, a sealing cover 51, a second heat-insulating layer 52, a rack 53, a fifth motor 54, a second fermentation module 6, a second sealing module 7 and a microcomputer control box 8.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in figures 1-6, the process for preparing the fertilizer from the potassium-rich organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
A. sorting raw materials;
B. sieving, namely sieving the mildew-free raw materials selected in the step A to screen out raw materials meeting the requirements;
C. c, crushing, namely crushing the material screened in the step B by a crusher;
D. screening, namely screening the crushed raw materials in the step C again to remove powder in the materials;
E. mixing, namely mixing the raw materials screened in the step D in a mixer according to a certain proportion; the raw material proportion is the formula of the potassium-rich organic fertilizer in the prior art, and the description is omitted;
F. c, fermentation, namely adding the material mixed in the step E into a fermentation system for fermentation treatment;
G. after a period of time, filtering and drying the material fermented in the step F;
H. grinding the dried material in the step G, and adding ingredients while grinding;
I. c, bagging the finally prepared material in the step H;
the fermentation system in the step F comprises a frame 1, a stirring module 2, a power module 3, a first fermentation module 4, a first sealing module 5, a second fermentation module 6, a second sealing module 7 and a microcomputer control box 8, wherein the first fermentation module 4 and the second fermentation module 6 are identical in structure, and the first sealing module 5 and the second sealing module 7 are identical in structure; the first sealing module 5 is used for sealing the first fermentation module 4, and the second sealing module 7 is used for sealing the second fermentation module 6; the stirring module 2 is connected with the power module 3; the microcomputer control box 8 controls the power module 3 to drive the stirring module 2 to stir the materials to be stirred in the first fermentation module 4 and the second fermentation module 6 in sequence, and the microcomputer control box 8 controls the starting operation of the first fermentation module 4, the second fermentation module 6, the first sealing module 5 and the second sealing module 7; the fermentation modules are not limited to the first fermentation module 4 and the second fermentation module 6, and a third fermentation module and a fourth fermentation module can be arranged;
the stirring module 2 comprises a first mounting body 21, a first motor 22, a ball head 23, a first stirring rod 24 and a second stirring rod 25, wherein the first motor 22 and the ball head 23 are both mounted on the first mounting body 21; the first mounting body 21 is connected with the power module 3, and a first vent hole is formed in the first mounting body 21; the first motor 22 drives the ball head 23 to rotate; the first stirring rod 24 is connected with the ball head 23, and the second stirring rod 25 is connected with the ball head 23; the first stirring rod 24 and the second stirring rod 25 form an included angle of 20-45 degrees. When the stirring device works, under the control of the microcomputer control box 8, the first motor 22 drives the ball head 23 to rotate, and the ball head 23 drives the first stirring rod 24 and the second stirring rod 25 to stir and rotate for stirring; the first vent hole is used for gas circulation in the first fermentation module 4, and the phenomenon that the air pressure in the first fermentation module 4 is too large or oxygen is too little is avoided.
The power module 3 comprises a pressurizing tank 31, a cylinder 32, a piston 33, a second mounting body 34, a rotary arm 35 and a second motor 36, wherein the pressurizing tank 31 is connected with the cylinder 32, and the pressurizing tank 31 is used for pressurizing the cylinder 32; the piston 33 includes a piston head and a piston rod; one end of the piston rod is connected with the piston head into a whole; the piston head is positioned in the pneumatic cylinder and is matched with the cylinder 32; the other end of the piston rod is connected with the lower end of the second mounting body 34; the rotary arm 35 and the second motor 36 are both arranged in the second mounting body 34; the second motor 36 drives the rotation arm 35 to rotate. Through the control of the microcomputer control box 8, the pressurizing tank 31 pressurizes the cylinder 32, the piston 33 is forced to rise to push the whole second installation module and the rotary arm 35 to rise, the rotary arm 35 drives the first installation body 21 to rise, after the first installation body 21 rises, the second motor 36 drives the rotary wall to rotate, the rotary arm 35 drives the first installation body 21 to rotate, the stirring module 2 sequentially stirs the raw materials in the first fermentation module 4 and the second fermentation, the stirring process is promoted to be orderly carried out, the stirring efficiency of the stirring process is improved, the time of the whole fertilizer making process is shortened, and the yield of organic fertilizers is increased.
The first fermentation module 4 comprises a barrel body 41, a first heat preservation layer 42, a first stirrer 43 and a second stirrer 44, wherein the first heat preservation layer 42 is attached to the inner wall of the barrel body 41, and the first heat preservation layer 42 is used for preserving heat in the barrel body 41; the first stirrer 43 is installed at the bottom end of the barrel 41; the second stirrer 44 is positioned between the first stirrer 43 and the stirring module 2, and the second stirrer 44 is installed on the inner wall of the barrel 41; the first stirrer 43 and the second stirrer 44 are used for stirring the inside of the tub 41. In the process of stirring the raw materials in the barrel body 41 by the first stirring rod 24 and the second stirring rod 25, the first stirring rod 43 and the second stirring rod 44 are matched with the first stirring rod 24 and the second stirring rod 25 to stir through the control of the microcomputer control box 8, the upper layer raw materials in the barrel body 41 are stirred by the first stirring rod 24 and the second stirring rod 25, the middle layer of the raw materials is stirred by the second stirring rod 44 in the middle of the barrel body 41, the bottom layer of the raw materials is stirred by the first stirring rod 43 at the bottom of the barrel body 41, the raw materials are not easy to precipitate, the raw materials in the barrel body 41 are uniformly stirred through multiple stirring, the stirring efficiency and the quality of organic fertilizers are improved, and the release speed of organic matter nutrients is favorably improved; the stirring time of the stirring process is shortened, and the yield of the whole organic fertilizer production is improved; in the fermentation process, the first heat preservation layer 42 heats and preserves the temperature of the to-be-fermented object in the barrel body 41 under the control of the microcomputer control box 8, so that the temperature in the barrel body 41 is kept constant at about 70 ℃, and meanwhile, under the condition that the sealing cover 51 is not opened, the first stirrer 43 and the second stirrer 44 are controlled to renew the fermented object in the barrel body 41, so that the environmental change in the barrel body 41 is reduced, the buffer time for fermenting the renewed fermented object again is shortened, the fermentation can be continuously carried out, and the time of the fermentation process is saved; simultaneously, the fermentation materials can be uniformly mixed again through the stirring of the first stirrer 43 and the second stirrer 44, so that the fermentation materials can be fully fermented by biological bacteria, the release speed of organic matter nutrients is favorably increased, and the quality of the organic fertilizer is improved.
The first sealing module 5 comprises a sealing cover 51, a second insulating layer 52, a rack 53 and a fifth motor 54, wherein the second insulating layer 52 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the sealing cover 51; the second insulating layer 52 is used for insulating heat; the sealing cover 51 is provided with a second vent hole, and the second vent hole penetrates through the second insulating layer 52; one end of the rack 53 is connected with the upper end of the sealing cover 51; the other end of the rack 53 is positioned on a rack 53 guide groove arranged on the mounting rack; the rack 53 is matched with the guide groove of the rack 53; the fifth motor 54 is installed on the upper portion of the sealing cover 51, and the fifth motor 54 drives the rack 53 to move up and down in the guide groove of the rack 53. The second heat-insulating layer 52 is used for insulating the barrel body 41 under the control of the microcomputer control box 8, the fifth motor 54 drives the rack 53 to move upwards and downwards, the sealing cover 51 moves along with the rack 53, and the second vent hole is used for exchanging gas in the barrel body 41 with gas outside the barrel body 41, so that the phenomenon that the air pressure in the first fermentation module 4 is too large or oxygen is too little is avoided; the sealing cover 51 and the second insulating layer 52 have positive effects on keeping the temperature in the barrel body 41 constant and the environment constant.
The first stirrer 43 comprises a third motor 431, a third rotating shaft, a plurality of stirring blades 432 and a stirring pin 433, wherein the third motor 431 is installed at the lower end of the barrel 41; the stirring blades 432 are uniformly distributed on the curved surface at the upper end of the third rotating shaft; the lower end of the third rotating shaft is connected with a third motor 431; stirring nail 433 is connected with stirring vane 432 lower extreme, stirring nail 433 between the stirring vane 432 staggers each other. Through the control of the microcomputer control box 8, the third motor 431 drives the third rotating shaft to rotate, the third rotating shaft drives the stirring blades 432 to rotate, the stirring blades 432 stir the fermented substances in the barrel body 41, the stirring nails 433 can stir some precipitated fermented substances, so that the fermented substances are not easy to sink, after the fermentation is finished, a large amount of precipitates are arranged at the bottom end of the barrel body 41 and are condensed into a whole, the precipitates are generally difficult to take out, the stirring nails 433 are used for stirring the precipitates to float upwards, so that the precipitates can be conveniently taken out, and the precipitates are not required to be manually smashed; stagger stirring nail 433 on a slice stirring vane 432 and the stirring nail 433 on remaining stirring vane 432 each other, avoid setting up too much stirring nail 433 and produce extravagantly.
The second stirrer 44 comprises a fourth motor 441, a first stirring shaft 442, a second stirring shaft 443 and a belt 444, wherein the first stirring shaft 442 is provided with a first gear and a belt wheel; the fourth motor 441 drives the first stirring shaft 442 to rotate through a belt 444 and a belt wheel; a second gear is arranged on the second stirring shaft 443, and the first gear is meshed with the second gear; the first stirring shaft 442 is provided with a plurality of first cutters 442a, the second stirring shaft 443 is provided with a plurality of second cutters 443a, the first cutters 442a and the second cutters 443a are staggered, and the first cutters 442a and the second cutters 443a are sheared in a matching manner. Through the control of the microcomputer control box 8, the fourth motor 441 drives the first stirring shaft 442 to rotate the fourth motor 441, the belt wheel drives the first stirring shaft 442 to rotate, the first stirring shaft 442 drives the second stirring shaft 443 to rotate through the transmission of the first gear and the second gear, the first stirring shaft 442 and the second stirring shaft 443 move oppositely, the first stirring shaft 442 drives the first cutter 442a to rotate, the second stirring shaft 443 drives the second cutter 443a to rotate, the first cutter 442a and the second cutter 443a are matched to shear, fermented materials cannot be condensed into blocks, the fermented materials are stirred conveniently, the fermented materials are fully fermented, the stirring efficiency of the fermented materials is improved, the stirring time of the fermented materials is shortened, and the yield and the quality of organic fertilizers are improved.
The stirring blade 432 is provided with an anti-blocking square hole 432 a; the anti-blocking square hole 432a is positioned at the connection part of the stirring blade 432 and the third rotating shaft; the hole wall of the anti-blocking square hole 432a is also provided with a fourth shaft; and a rotating sheet 432b is arranged on the fourth shaft, and the rotating sheet 432b is rotatably connected with the fourth shaft. When the stirring blade 432 is stirring, many fermented materials often block the connection between the stirring blade 432 and the third rotating shaft, so that the fermented materials therein are not sufficiently stirred; therefore, the anti-blocking square hole 432a is arranged, and the rotating sheet 432b is arranged at the anti-blocking square hole 432a, so that the fermented product at the joint of the stirring blade 432 and the fourth shaft can be fully stirred.
When the fermentation system works, two raw materials are respectively put into a first fermentation module 4 and a second fermentation module 6 in proportion, a first sealing module 5 is lifted under the control of a microcomputer control box 8, a power module 3 drives a stirring module 2 to enter the first fermentation module 4, the stirring module 2 is matched with the first fermentation module 4 to stir fermented materials, the first sealing module 5 is lowered and temporarily stopped above the stirring module 2, after the fermented materials to be stirred in the first fermentation module 4 are fully and uniformly stirred, the first sealing module 5 is lifted, the stirring module 2 is raised, a second sealing module 7 is raised, the stirring module 2 enters the second fermentation module 6 under the drive of the drive module, and the first sealing module 5 is lowered and seals the first fermentation module 4; at the moment, the stirring module 2 is matched with the second fermentation module 6 to stir the fermented materials, so that the second sealing module 7 descends and is suspended above the stirring module 2, after the fermented materials in the second fermentation module 6 are fully and uniformly stirred, the second sealing module 7 ascends, and the stirring module 2 ascends and moves away; lowering the second sealing module 7 to seal the second fermentation module 6;
uniformly stirring the raw materials in the first fermentation module 4 to obtain a to-be-fermented substance, sealing the first fermentation module 4 by the first sealing module 5, and fermenting the to-be-fermented substance in the first fermentation module 4; uniformly stirring the raw materials in the second fermentation module 6 to obtain a to-be-fermented substance, sealing the second fermentation module 6 by the second sealing module 7, and fermenting the to-be-fermented substance in the second fermentation module 6; controlling the fermentation conditions of the substances to be fermented in the first fermentation module 4 and the second fermentation module 6 as follows: the fermentation temperature is 70 ℃, the fermentation time is 6 days, the fermentation product which is fermented once is renewed for two days in the fermentation process, and the PH value of the fermentation product is controlled between 6 and 7; the temperature of the first fermentation module 4 and the second fermentation module 6 is raised and kept at 70 ℃ under the control of the microcomputer control box 8, and the inside of the first fermentation module and the second fermentation module 6 is periodically renewed, so that the fermentation product is uniformly fermented by biological bacteria, the fermentation product is quickly and fully fermented, the fermentation product is renewed under a closed condition, the heat loss is avoided, and meanwhile, the pH value of the fermentation product is controlled to be between 6 and 7;
the foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (1)
1. A process for preparing fertilizer from potassium-rich organic fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following steps: the process for preparing the fertilizer by using the potassium-rich organic fertilizer comprises the following steps:
A. sorting raw materials;
B. sieving, namely sieving the mildew-free raw materials selected in the step A to screen out raw materials meeting the requirements;
C. c, crushing, namely crushing the material screened in the step B by a crusher;
D. screening, namely screening the crushed raw materials in the step C again to remove powder in the materials;
E. mixing, namely mixing the raw materials screened in the step D in a mixer according to a certain proportion;
F. c, fermentation, namely adding the material mixed in the step E into a fermentation system for fermentation treatment;
G. after a period of time, filtering and drying the material fermented in the step F;
H. grinding the dried material in the step G, and adding ingredients while grinding;
I. c, bagging the finally prepared material in the step H;
the fermentation system in the step F comprises a rack (1), a stirring module (2), a power module (3), a first fermentation module (4), a first sealing module (5), a second fermentation module (6), a second sealing module (7) and a microcomputer control box (8), wherein the first fermentation module (4) and the second fermentation module (6) are identical in structure, and the first sealing module (5) and the second sealing module (7) are identical in structure; the first sealing module (5) is used for sealing the first fermentation module (4), and the second sealing module (7) is used for sealing the second fermentation module (6); the stirring module (2) is connected with the power module (3); the microcomputer control box (8) controls the power module (3) to drive the stirring module (2) to stir the materials to be stirred in the first fermentation module (4) and the second fermentation module (6) in sequence, and meanwhile, the microcomputer control box (8) controls the starting operation of the first fermentation module (4), the second fermentation module (6), the first sealing module (5) and the second sealing module (7);
the stirring module (2) comprises a first mounting body (21), a first motor (22), a ball head (23), a first stirring rod (24) and a second stirring rod (25), wherein the first motor (22) and the ball head (23) are both mounted on the first mounting body (21); the first mounting body (21) is connected with the power module (3), and a first vent hole is formed in the first mounting body (21); the first motor (22) drives the ball head (23) to rotate; the first stirring rod (24) is connected with the ball head (23), and the second stirring rod (25) is connected with the ball head (23); an included angle of 20-45 degrees is formed between the first stirring rod (24) and the second stirring rod (25);
the power module (3) comprises a pressurizing tank (31), a cylinder (32), a piston (33), a second mounting body (34), a rotary arm (35) and a second motor (36), wherein the pressurizing tank (31) is connected with the cylinder (32), and the pressurizing tank (31) is used for pressurizing the cylinder (32); the piston (33) comprises a piston head and a piston rod; one end of the piston rod is connected with the piston head into a whole; the piston head is positioned in the cylinder (32) and is matched with the cylinder (32); the other end of the piston rod is connected with the lower end of a second mounting body (34); the rotary arm (35) and the second motor (36) are both arranged in the second mounting body (34); the second motor (36) drives the rotary arm (35) to rotate;
the first fermentation module (4) comprises a barrel body (41), a first heat preservation layer (42), a first stirrer (43) and a second stirrer (44), wherein the first heat preservation layer (42) is attached to the inner wall of the barrel body (41), and the first heat preservation layer (42) is used for preserving heat in the barrel body (41); the first stirrer (43) is arranged at the bottom end of the barrel body (41); the second stirrer (44) is positioned between the first stirrer (43) and the stirring module (2), and the second stirrer (44) is arranged on the inner wall of the barrel body (41); the first stirrer (43) and the second stirrer (44) are used for stirring the inside of the barrel body (41);
the first sealing module (5) comprises a sealing cover (51), a second insulating layer (52), a rack (53) and a fifth motor (54), wherein the second insulating layer (52) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the sealing cover (51); the second heat-insulating layer (52) is used for heat insulation; a second ventilation hole is formed in the sealing cover (51), and penetrates through the second heat-insulating layer (52); one end of the rack (53) is connected with the upper end of the sealing cover (51); the other end of the rack (53) is positioned on a rack (53) guide groove arranged on the mounting rack; the rack (53) is matched with the guide groove of the rack (53); the fifth motor (54) is arranged at the upper part of the sealing cover (51), and the fifth motor (54) drives the rack (53) to move up and down in the guide groove of the rack (53);
the first stirrer (43) comprises a third motor (431), a third rotating shaft, a plurality of stirring blades (432) and a stirring nail (433), and the third motor (431) is arranged at the lower end of the barrel body (41); the stirring blades (432) are uniformly distributed on the curved surface at the upper end of the third rotating shaft; the lower end of the third rotating shaft is connected with a third motor (431); the stirring nails (433) are connected with the lower ends of the stirring blades (432), and the stirring nails (433) among the stirring blades (432) are staggered;
the second stirrer (44) comprises a fourth motor (441), a first stirring shaft (442), a second stirring shaft (443) and a belt (444), and a first gear and a belt wheel are arranged on the first stirring shaft (442); the fourth motor (441) drives the first stirring shaft (442) to rotate through a belt (444) and a belt wheel; a second gear is arranged on the second stirring shaft (443), and the first gear is meshed with the second gear; the first stirring shaft (442) is provided with a plurality of first cutters (442a), the second stirring shaft (443) is provided with a plurality of second cutters (443a), the first cutters (442a) and the second cutters (443a) are staggered, and the first cutters (442a) and the second cutters (443a) are matched for shearing;
the stirring blade (432) is provided with an anti-blocking square hole (432 a); the anti-blocking square hole (432a) is positioned at the joint of the stirring blade (432) and the third rotating shaft; the hole wall of the anti-blocking square hole (432a) is also provided with a fourth shaft; a rotating sheet (432b) is arranged on the fourth shaft, and the rotating sheet (432b) is rotatably connected with the fourth shaft;
when in work, the two parts of raw materials are respectively put into the first fermentation module (4) and the second fermentation module (6) according to the proportion, the first sealing module (5) is lifted by the control of the microcomputer control box (8), the power module (3) drives the stirring module (2) to enter the first fermentation module (4), the stirring module (2) is matched with the first fermentation module (4) to stir the fermented objects, the first sealing module (5) is descended and is suspended above the stirring module (2), after the fermented objects in the first fermentation module (4) are fully and uniformly stirred, the first sealing module (5) is enabled to ascend, the stirring module (2) is enabled to ascend, the second sealing module (7) is enabled to ascend, the stirring module (2) enters the second fermentation module (6) under the driving of the driving module, and the first sealing module (5) is enabled to descend to seal the first fermentation module (4); at the moment, the stirring module (2) is matched with the second fermentation module (6) to stir the fermented materials, so that the second sealing module (7) descends and is suspended above the stirring module (2), after the fermented materials in the second fermentation module (6) are fully and uniformly stirred, the second sealing module (7) ascends, and the stirring module (2) ascends and moves away; lowering the second sealing module (7) to seal the second fermentation module (6);
uniformly stirring the raw materials in the first fermentation module (4) to obtain a to-be-fermented substance, sealing the first fermentation module (4) by the first sealing module (5), and fermenting the to-be-fermented substance in the first fermentation module (4); uniformly stirring the raw materials in the second fermentation module (6) to obtain a to-be-fermented substance, sealing the second fermentation module (6) by the second sealing module (7), and fermenting the to-be-fermented substance in the second fermentation module (6); controlling the fermentation conditions of the substances to be fermented in the first fermentation module (4) and the second fermentation module (6) as follows: fermenting at the temperature of 70 ℃ for 6 days, renewing the fermentation product which is fermented once in two days in the fermentation process, and controlling the pH value of the fermentation product between (6) and (7); through the control of microcomputer control box (8), make first fermentation module (4), second fermentation module (6) heat up and keep warm, make the temperature keep at (70) degree, make first fermentation module, the inside of second fermentation module (6) is renovated the zymolyte regularly, make biological fungus evenly ferment to the zymolyte, make the zymolyte by quick abundant fermentation, under inclosed condition, renovate the zymolyte, heat loss has been avoided, simultaneously, the pH value of control zymolyte is between (6) to (7).
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