CN108213408A - A kind of method that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique - Google Patents
A kind of method that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN108213408A CN108213408A CN201810025031.0A CN201810025031A CN108213408A CN 108213408 A CN108213408 A CN 108213408A CN 201810025031 A CN201810025031 A CN 201810025031A CN 108213408 A CN108213408 A CN 108213408A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
- B22F1/10—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
- B22F1/105—Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing inorganic lubricating or binding agents, e.g. metal salts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/11—Making porous workpieces or articles
- B22F3/1121—Making porous workpieces or articles by using decomposable, meltable or sublimatable fillers
- B22F3/1134—Inorganic fillers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique, belong to 3D printing design of material technical field.The present invention is incorporated a certain amount of water-soluble binder in raw material powder；Then green body is prepared by 3D printing；Porous material is prepared finally by the mode of dissolving water-soluble binder.Products obtained therefrom controlled porosity, through-hole rate are high；And under conditions of same porosity, the performance of products obtained therefrom is far superior to existing product.Preparation process of the present invention is simple, production cost is low, products obtained therefrom function admirable；Convenient for large-scale industrialization application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique, belong to
3D printing design of material technical field.
Background technology
In recent years, with demand of each field to the green materials such as environment-protecting clean, energy-efficient, new material, new technology are not
Disconnected to occur, the development and application of metal polyporous material is increasingly subject to the concern of people, and application field is constantly expanded.It is metal porous
(foam metal) material is to develop rapidly in the world the late 1980s, is by rigid backbone and internal hole
Composition has the new engineering material of excellent physical characteristic and good mechanical performance.The superior physical properties that it has, such as
Density is small, rigidity is big, large specific surface area, energy-obsorbing and damping performance is good, sound-deadening and noise-reducing effect is good, capability of electromagnetic shielding is high, makes it should
Aviation, electronics, medical material and biochemical field etc. have been expanded to field.The metal polyporous material of through-hole also has heat exchange
The advantages that heat-sinking capability is strong, good penetrability, high thermal conductivity；And the physical characteristic of closed pore metal polyporous material then with the phase of through-hole
Instead.With the development of modern industry, metal polyporous material presents functional, wide application, new varieties and continues to bring out, makes
The scene constantly expanded with space is widely used in filtering with detaching aspect as functional material, in terms of heat exchange, chemical industry
Aspect catalytic carrier, in terms of sqouynd absorption lowering noise, noise reduction, fluid flow control aspect, electrode matrix aspect, biomaterial aspect etc.；
In terms of being widely used in auto industry as structural material, in terms of construction and decoration, in terms of aerospace industry, in terms of electromagnetic shielding
Deng.Wherein the porous material of titanium or titanium alloy due to tissue have good compatibility and it is harmless and obtain extensively
Using, such as artificial bone, have a denture made and artificial joint, porous artifical bone can also adjust elasticity modulus by porosity, make it
Can be compatible very well with people's bone, while there is good effectiveness in vibration suppression, at present titanium alloy have become for joint prosthesis, dental implant,
The medical preferred material for being implanted into product such as heart valve prosthesis and Interventional angiocarpy bracket.It is such as wide in bio-medical field
The general Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloys used, " stress shielding " phenomenon are susceptible to since elasticity modulus is higher, so as to cause planting body
There is bone information in surrounding, and planting body is caused to loosen and cause graft failure, therefore researcher both domestic and external is endeavouring to study
How porosity is suitably adjusted to reduce the elasticity modulus of titanium alloy, and the exploitation of low modulus high strength titanium alloy has become
The research hotspot of field of biomedical materials.
On the other hand, the related fields such as medical, aviation, the energy, environmental protection, electronics, biochemistry and chemical industry, to individual character
The porous articles or the demand of part changed and customized are increasing.Such as tumor patient, deformation patients, overhaul the bones such as patient
The characteristics of defect, is all different, and different patients must use personalized treatment means, make porous implant to measure.However,
Titanium alloy because the characteristics of thermal conductivity factor is low and chemical affinity is strong in melting and casting and hot procedure easily oxygen uptake and
It inhales nitrogen and performance is caused drastically to decline.Therefore, it is difficult to obtain the titanium alloy structure of labyrinth using traditional machining process
Part.High die cost so that the cost for preparing titanium alloy personalized customization medical implant is also higher.Last decade
Fast-developing increases material manufacturing technology (precinct laser melting) has become solution personalization and customizes titanium medical production
The best solution of product, by the extensive concern of domestic and foreign scholars.
In addition, the porous metal material of different performance, various preparation methods are proposed in succession in order to obtain, but it is traditional
The technology of preparing of metal polyporous material is broadly divided into solid metallic sintering process, and (such as powder metallurgic method prepares the porous material of sintering metal
Material), (such as sputtering method reacts for liquid metal solidification method (such as casting, Melt-foaming Process for Production of Metallic Foams) and metaliding
Sedimentation prepares foam metal), 3D printing method.Wherein, in addition to 3D printing technique, other technologies cannot prepare labyrinth.3D
Printing technique obtains the finished product of labyrinth although can customize, and current 3D printing method is generally by control laser power and paving
Powder parameter directly to prepare porous metal material or by adding in pore creating material and/or binding agent through being sintered removing pore-creating during 3D printing
Agent and/or binding agent, obtain porous metal material.3D printing technique obtains the finished product of labyrinth although can customize, and passes through
It adds in pore creating material and/or binding agent and obtains the skill of porous metal material through sintering removing pore creating material and/or binding agent during 3D printing
Art has the following disadvantages：
1. pore creating material and/or binding agent introduction volume are very few, generally no greater than the 4wt% of raw material powder；This is detrimental to make
The finished product of standby macroporosity；
2. introduced pore creating material and/or binding agent can generally be decomposed in 3D printing.In print procedure, pore creating material
And/or the decomposition of binding agent is in spite of conducive to pore-creating, but it also results in the substantially attenuation of products obtained therefrom mechanical property.
3. through-hole rate is relatively low.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention has attempted to be incorporated in raw material powder a certain amount of water-soluble viscous the present invention
Tie agent；Then green body is prepared by 3D printing；Porous material is prepared finally by the mode of dissolving water-soluble binder.Gained
Product controlled porosity, through-hole rate are high；And under conditions of same porosity, the performance of products obtained therefrom is far superior to existing production
Product.
A kind of method that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique of the present invention；Including following
Step：
Step 1
Matching by design component takes component A and water-soluble binder B to be uniformly mixed to obtain raw material；The fusing point of the component A is
A1, the water-soluble binder boiling point be B1；In the raw material, the mass percentage of component A is 10-90%, surplus is
Water-soluble binder B；The granularity of the component A is less than 200 microns, and the granularity of the water-soluble binder B is less than 600 microns；
The component A is not also reacted insoluble in solution C with solution C, and the water-soluble binder B is dissolved in solution C or is reacted with solution C
Generation is dissolved in the product of solution C；The fusing point A1 is less than boiling point B1.
Step 2
By the macrostructure of setting, 3D printing technique is melted using precinct laser or electron beam melting 3D printing technique is handled
Raw material；Obtain green body；During printing, the temperature for controlling laser beam or electron beam and raw material contact point is T；The T is more than or equal to A1
And less than B1；
Step 3
Green body obtained by step 2 is placed in solution C, it is dry after dissolution water-soluble binder B, obtain the porous material
Material.
A kind of method that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique of the present invention；The component
A is metal powder.The metal powder contain magnesium, aluminium, titanium, iron, nickel, copper, manganese, calcium, strontium, barium, lead, zinc, tin, cobalt, gold, silver,
At least one of antimony, cadmium, bismuth, palladium, beryllium, lithium, indium, thallium, germanium, lanthanum, cerium, germanium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, ytterbium, yttrium
Element.One kind preferably in alusil alloy, titanium alloy, adonic.
A kind of method that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique of the present invention；It is described water-soluble
Property binding agent B, is not decomposed in 3D printing.
A kind of method that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique of the present invention；It is described water-soluble
Property binding agent B be selected from halide, silicate, carbonate, borate, sulfate, phosphate, nitrate, alkali metal salt, nitrous acid
At least one of salt, k-na salt.The halide is preferably chloride.Further preferably sodium chloride, potassium chloride.
A kind of method that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique of the present invention；The solution
C is water or the organic solution containing water.
Preferably, the present invention is a kind of prepares the porous metal parts with labyrinth using 3D printing technique
Method；The granularity of component A is 1~200 micron, and the granularity of binding agent B is 0.001~600 micron, is more preferably 0.001
~200 microns.
As further preferred embodiment, a kind of prepared using 3D printing technique of the present invention has the porous of labyrinth
The method of metal parts；It will be uniform by ball milling mixing with component A, the binding agent B taken by design proportion；During ball milling, control ball
Mill rotating speed is 10~500r/min, Ball-milling Time is 1~300 hour, preferably 10~24 hours.When the powder using elemental metals
When end is used as raw material, the uniform alloy powder of ingredient and uniformly mixed spare powder can be obtained by mechanical alloying.
A kind of method that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique of the present invention, laser melting
The conditional parameter of 3D printing is：
30~100 microns of laser beam spot diameter is preferably 40~100 microns, further preferably 50~80 microns；
80~450W of range of laser energy, preferably 200~450W, further preferably 300~450W；
20~500 microns of sweep span is preferably 50~300 microns, further preferably 80~200 microns；
0.1~6m/s of laser scanning speed, preferably 0.2~4m/s, further preferably 0.2~2m/s；
20~100 microns of individual layer powdering thickness is preferably 20~80 microns, further preferably 20~50 microns.
A kind of method that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique of the present invention, electron beam are melted
The conditional parameter for melting 3D printing is：
500~750 DEG C of powder preheating temperature is preferably 550~700 DEG C, further preferably 600~660 DEG C；
50~500 microns of lectron beam spot diameter is preferably 50~200 microns, further preferably 80~150 microns；
1~10mA of sweep current, preferably 2~8mA, further preferably 2~6mA, further it is preferably 3~4mA；
0.5~1.5m/s of sweep speed, preferably 0.8~1m/s；
30~500 microns of individual layer powdering thickness, preferably 50~400 microns, further preferably 50~200 microns.
In the present invention, when range of laser energy selects, it is necessary to which the temperature for meeting laser beam and raw material contact point is T；Institute
T is stated more than or equal to fusing point A1 and less than boiling point B1.In the present invention, the coefficient of thermal expansion of component A and component B are impossible equal
, and in the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ratio of the two is in a certain range；Range is limited in preferred embodiment
It is interior, when the coefficient of thermal expansion of component A and component B are unequal, be conducive to the formation of blind crack；The formation of blind crack is advantageous
It is leached in follow-up.This can ensure that bonding agent is leached completely；Meanwhile this will also ensure that the through-hole rate of product can be kept
More than high value.In the present invention, the size and number of generated blind crack are far smaller than pore creating material in 3D printing process
The number and size that finished product caused by middle decomposition cracks；This is also why the mechanical property of products obtained therefrom of the present invention is better than
With similar product capability under porosity can the reason of one of.
In drying and processing scheme of the present invention, drying temperature be 0~500 DEG C, drying time be less than 100 hours, preferably
It is 1~180 minute.
The porous material raw material that the present invention is developed, the porosity ranges by 3D printing straight forming resulting materials are wide,
The porosity of product reaches as high as 90%.
Preferably；The present invention is a kind of to prepare the porous metal parts with labyrinth using 3D printing technique
Method；Include the following steps：
Step 1
Matching by design component takes AlSi12 powder and sodium chloride powder to be uniformly mixed to obtain raw material；In the raw material, AlSi12 powder
Mass percentage be 10-90%, surplus is sodium chloride；The granularity of the AlSi12 powder is 38~48 microns, the chlorination
The granularity of sodium is 38~53 microns；
Step 2
By the macrostructure of setting, using precinct laser melting 3D printing technique processing raw material；Obtain green body；During printing,
Select the laser beam spot of 30 micron diameters, the laser energy of 300W, the sweep speed of 0.4m/s, 100 microns of sweep span, 30
The single berth powder layer thickness of micron；
Step 3
Step 2 gained green body is placed in aqueous solution, it is dry after dissolving out binding agent, obtain the porous material.
When in the raw material, when the mass percentage of AlSi12 powder is 95%, surplus is sodium chloride；Gained porous material
Intensity be 345MPa, porosity 5.7%.It handles to have arrived the product that intensity is high and porosity is moderate by this kind.
Preferably；The present invention is a kind of to prepare the porous metal parts with labyrinth using 3D printing technique
Method；Include the following steps：
Step I
In mass ratio；Copper powder：Nickel powder：Glass putty：Zinc powder：Sodium chloride powder=15.1：3.1：1.56：0.24：1；
It it is 15~50 microns with copper powder, the nickel powder that granularity is 15~60 microns, granularity that granularity is 25~60 microns is taken
Zinc powder that glass putty, granularity are 20~50 microns, the sodium chloride powder that granularity is 38~53 microns；Ball mill will be added in the powder taken
In, with the rotating speed ball milling of 60rpm 12 hours under protective atmosphere, oxygen content is obtained as 0.5wt% powders；
Step II
By the macrostructure of setting, using precinct laser melting 3D printing technique processing raw material；Obtain green body；During printing,
Select the laser beam spot of 30 micron diameters, the laser energy of 340W, the sweep speed of 0.4m/s, 100 microns of sweep span, 30
The single berth powder layer thickness of micron；
Step III
At room temperature, gained green body is placed in water, dissolves 10 minutes, 20 points are then dried under 120 DEG C of temperature conditions
Clock obtains the porous material.The porous material is adonic component, and intensity 700MPa, porosity are
15.8%.
The application of porous material prepared by the present invention, it is medical including the porous material raw material is prepared by 3D printing
Implant etc. is medical, aviation, the energy, environmental protection, electronics, applies porous material in terms of biochemistry and chemical industry.
The present invention avoids the use of mold, while can also prepare complicated, accurate by 3D printing straight forming
Medical, aviation, the energy, environmental protection, electronics, biochemistry and the chemical industry such as medical implant in terms of apply porous material.
Due to its can directly using 3D printing be molded, this largely reduce medical medical implant etc., aviation, the energy,
The manufacture cost using porous material in terms of environmental protection, electronics, biochemistry and chemical industry.
The present invention under the synergistic effect of each conditional parameter, is obtained by raw material components and preparation process perfect matching in a word
Arrived the medical, aviations such as simple process, medical implant at low cost, superior performance, the energy, environmental protection, electronics, biochemistry and
Porous material is applied in terms of chemical industry.
The present invention introduces water-soluble binder in blending process, in laser 3D printing, by control laser beam with
The temperature of raw material contact point realizes blank forming, then by leaching water-soluble binder B, obtains controlled porosity, through-hole rate
It is high；Simultaneously when porosity is 4-6%, products obtained therefrom intensity of the present invention is significantly larger than the intensity of existing product.
Specific embodiment：
Embodiment 1：
The particle size range of business AlSi12 powder is 38~48 microns in embodiment 1, D50 is 42 microns, business sodium chloride powder
Particle size range be 38~53 microns, D50 is 45 microns.
Using business AlSi12 powder and business sodium chloride powder as raw material, business of weighing AlSi12 powder 19kg, business sodium chloride powder
1kg adds in zirconia ball, with the rotating speed ball milling of 60rpm 12 hours in tumbling ball mill, obtains oxygen content as 0.5wt% powder
Body.Then the good powder of ball milling is positioned over to supplying in powder cylinder for the precinct laser fusion apparatus of magnificent daybreak high-tech production, selection 30 is micro-
The laser beam spot of rice diameter, the laser energy of 300W, the sweep speed of 0.4m/s, 100 microns of sweep span, 30 microns of list
Layer powdering layer thickness, the laser melting alusil alloy under the protective atmosphere of argon gas.After Laser Processing is completed, sample is placed on room
It dissolves in water under the conditions of temperature 10 minutes, is then dried 20 minutes under 120 DEG C of temperature conditions, and blasting treatment is carried out to sample
With necessary polishing, so as to obtain required personalized alusil alloy component.The intensity of the alusil alloy component for 345MPa,
Porosity is 5.7%.
Embodiment 2：
The particle size range of business copper powder is 25~60 microns in embodiment 2, D50 is 45 microns, the granularity model of business nickel powder
It is 35 microns to enclose for 15~60 microns, D50, and the particle size range of business glass putty is 15~50 microns, D50 is 40 microns, commercial zinc
The particle size range of powder is 20~50 microns, and D50 is 35 microns, and the particle size range of business sodium chloride powder is 38~53 microns, D50 is
45 microns.
Using business copper powder, business nickel powder, business glass putty, business zinc powder and business sodium chloride powder as raw material, copper powder of weighing
15.1kg, nickel powder 3.1kg, glass putty 1.56kg, zinc powder 0.24kg, business sodium chloride powder 1kg add in zirconia ball, in roller ball
With the rotating speed ball milling of 60rpm 12 hours in grinding machine, oxygen content is obtained as 0.5wt% powders.Then the good powder of ball milling is placed
The laser beam spot in powder cylinder, selecting 30 micron diameters, 340W in the precinct laser fusion apparatus of magnificent daybreak high-tech production swash
Light energy, the sweep speed of 0.4m/s, 100 microns of sweep span, 30 microns of single berth powder layer thickness, in the protection of argon gas
Laser melting adonic under atmosphere.After Laser Processing is completed, under using linear cutting equipment, sample is cut from substrate
Come, be placed in water under room temperature and dissolve 10 minutes, then dried 20 minutes under 120 DEG C of temperature conditions, and to sample into
Row blasting treatment and necessary polishing, so as to obtain required personalized adonic component.The copper-nickel tin alloy component
Intensity be 700MPa, porosity 15.8%.
Comparative example 1：
The particle size range of business AlSi12 powder is 38~48 microns in embodiment 1, D50 is 42 microns.
Using business AlSi12 powder as raw material, business of weighing AlSi12 powder 20kg add in zirconia ball, in tumbling ball mill
With the rotating speed ball milling 12 hours of 60rpm, oxygen content is obtained as 0.5wt% powders.Then the good powder of ball milling is positioned over Hua Shu
The precinct laser fusion apparatus of high-tech production in powder cylinder, select the laser beam spot of 30 micron diameters, the laser energy of 300W,
The sweep speed of 0.4m/s, 100 microns of sweep span, 30 microns of single berth powder layer thickness, under the protective atmosphere of argon gas
Laser deposition alusil alloy.After Laser Processing is completed, sample is placed in water under room temperature and is dissolved 10 minutes, Ran Hou
It is dried 20 minutes under 120 DEG C of temperature conditions, and blasting treatment and necessary polishing is carried out to sample, so as to obtain required individual character
Change alusil alloy component.The intensity of the alusil alloy component is 350MPa, porosity 0.1%.
Due to there is no addition sodium chloride powder, cause the alloy porosity that 3D printing shapes relatively low.
Comparative example 2：
The particle size range of business AlSi12 powder is 38~48 microns in embodiment 1, D50 is 42 microns, business sodium chloride powder
Particle size range be 38~53 microns, D50 is 45 microns.
Using business AlSi12 powder and business sodium chloride powder as raw material, business of weighing AlSi12 powder 19kg, business sodium chloride powder
1kg adds in zirconia ball, with the rotating speed ball milling of 60rpm 12 hours in tumbling ball mill, obtains oxygen content as 0.5wt% powder
Body.Then the good powder of ball milling is positioned over to supplying in powder cylinder for the precinct laser fusion apparatus of magnificent daybreak high-tech production, selection 30 is micro-
The laser beam spot of rice diameter, the laser energy of 30W, the sweep speed of 0.4m/s, 100 microns of sweep span, 30 microns of list
Layer powdering layer thickness, the laser deposition alusil alloy under the protective atmosphere of argon gas.After Laser Processing is completed, sample is placed on room
It dissolves in water under the conditions of temperature 10 minutes, is then dried 20 minutes under 120 DEG C of temperature conditions, and blasting treatment is carried out to sample
With necessary polishing, so as to obtain required personalized alusil alloy component.The intensity of the alusil alloy component for 80MPa,
Porosity is 8.7%.
Since laser energy used is not in the scope of the present invention, cause the alloy property that 3D printing shapes poor.
Comparative example 3：
Other conditions are consistent in embodiment 1, and different parts is the laser energy using 500W；Due to temperature mistake
Height, considerably beyond the boiling point of sodium chloride, the failure of an experiment.
Comparative example 4：
The uniform embodiment 2 of other conditions is consistent；The difference lies in be not added with sodium chloride；The intensity of its products obtained therefrom is
750MPa, porosity 0.1%.
By comparative example 1 and embodiment 1 and comparative example 4 and embodiment 2 as can be seen that the present invention product realize
The perfect matching of porosity and mechanical strength.
Embodiment 3：
The particle size range of business copper powder is 50~110 microns in the present embodiment, D50 is 80 microns, the granularity of business nickel powder
Ranging from 15~80 microns, D50 be 55 microns, the particle size range of business glass putty is 15~90 microns, D50 is 60 microns, business
The particle size range of zinc powder is 30~90 microns, D50 is 70 microns.
Using business copper powder, business nickel powder, business glass putty, business zinc powder and business sodium chloride powder as raw material, copper powder of weighing
15.1kg, nickel powder 3.1kg, glass putty 1.56kg, zinc powder 0.24kg, business sodium chloride powder 1kg add in zirconia ball, in roller ball
With the rotating speed ball milling of 70rpm 10 hours in grinding machine, oxygen content is obtained as 0.9wt% powders.Then the good powder of ball milling is placed
In the electron beam melting equipment of Xi'an Sialon production.Powder is preheating to 660 DEG C, selects the Electron Beam of 120 micron diameters
Spot, the sweep current of 3mA, the sweep speed of 1m/s, 120 microns of single berth powder layer thickness, 10-4It is melted under the vacuum condition of Pa
Fusion gold.Finally sample is cut down from substrate using linear cutting equipment, and blasting treatment and necessary is carried out to sample
Polishing, so as to obtain required adonic component.The intensity of the copper-nickel tin alloy component is 710MPa, and porosity is
16.1%.
Embodiment 4：
The particle size range of business copper powder is 50~110 microns in the present embodiment, D50 is 80 microns, the granularity of business nickel powder
Ranging from 15~80 microns, D50 be 55 microns, the particle size range of business glass putty is 15~90 microns, D50 is 60 microns, business
The particle size range of zinc powder is 30~90 microns, D50 is 70 microns.
Using business copper powder, business nickel powder, business glass putty, business zinc powder and business sodium chloride powder as raw material, copper powder of weighing
15.1kg, nickel powder 3.1kg, glass putty 1.56kg, zinc powder 0.24kg, business sodium chloride powder 4kg add in zirconia ball, in roller ball
With the rotating speed ball milling of 70rpm 10 hours in grinding machine, oxygen content is obtained as 0.9wt% powders.Then the good powder of ball milling is placed
In the electron beam melting equipment of Xi'an Sialon production.Powder is preheating to 660 DEG C, selects the Electron Beam of 120 micron diameters
Spot, the sweep current of 3mA, the sweep speed of 1m/s, 120 microns of single berth powder layer thickness, 10-4It is melted under the vacuum condition of Pa
Fusion gold.Finally sample is cut down from substrate using linear cutting equipment, and blasting treatment and necessary is carried out to sample
Polishing, so as to obtain required adonic component.The intensity of the copper-nickel tin alloy component is 515MPa, and porosity is
43.6%.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. method that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique；It is characterized by comprising under State step：Step 1By design component with component A and water-soluble binder B is taken, it is uniformly mixed and obtains raw material；The fusing point of the component A for A1, The boiling point of the water-soluble binder is B1；In the raw material, the mass percentage of component A is 10-90%, surplus is water-soluble Property binding agent B；The granularity of the component A is less than 200 microns, and the granularity of the water-soluble binder B is less than 600 microns；It is described Component A is not also reacted insoluble in solution C with solution C, and the water-soluble binder B is dissolved in solution C or is reacted with solution C generation It is dissolved in the product of solution C；The fusing point A1 is less than boiling point B1；The component A is metal powder；Step 2By the macrostructure of setting, 3D printing technique is melted using precinct laser or electron beam melting 3D printing technique handles original Material；Obtain green body；During printing, the temperature for controlling laser beam or electron beam and raw material contact point is T；The T be more than or equal to A1 and Less than B1；Step 3Green body obtained by step 2 is placed in solution C, it is dry after dissolution water-soluble binder B, it obtains described with labyrinth Porous metal parts.
- 2. a kind of side that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique according to claim 1 Method；It is characterized in that：The metal powder contain magnesium, aluminium, titanium, iron, nickel, copper, manganese, calcium, strontium, barium, lead, zinc, tin, cobalt, gold, In silver, antimony, cadmium, bismuth, palladium, beryllium, lithium, indium, thallium, germanium, lanthanum, cerium, germanium, neodymium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, ytterbium, yttrium at least A kind of element.
- 3. a kind of side that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique according to claim 1 Method；It is characterized in that：The water-soluble binder B, is not decomposed in 3D printing.
- 4. a kind of side that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique according to claim 3 Method；It is characterized in that：The water-soluble binder B be selected from halide, silicate, carbonate, borate, sulfate, phosphate, At least one of nitrate, alkali metal salt, nitrite, k-na salt.
- 5. a kind of side that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique according to claim 4 Method；It is characterized in that：The halide is chloride.
- 6. a kind of side that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique according to claim 1 Method；It is characterized in that：The solution C is water or the organic solution containing water.
- 7. a kind of side that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique according to claim 1 Method；It is characterized in that：The granularity of component A is 1~200 micron, and the granularity of binding agent B is 0.001~600 micron.
- 8. a kind of side that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique according to claim 1 Method；It is characterized in that：It will be uniform by ball milling mixing with component A, the binding agent B taken by design proportion；During ball milling, ball milling is controlled Rotating speed is 10~500r/min, Ball-milling Time is 1~300 hour.
- 9. a kind of side that the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared using 3D printing technique according to claim 1 Method；It is characterized in that；The conditional parameter of laser melting 3D printing is：30~100 microns of laser beam spot diameter；80~450W of range of laser energy；20~500 microns of sweep span；0.1~6m/s of laser scanning speed；20~100 microns of individual layer powdering thickness.
- 10. a kind of the porous metal parts with labyrinth are prepared according to claim 1 using 3D printing technique Method；It is characterized in that；The conditional parameter of electron beam melting 3D printing is：500~750 DEG C of powder preheating temperature；50~500 microns of lectron beam spot diameter；1~10mA of sweep current；0.5~1.5m/s of sweep speed；30~500 microns of individual layer powdering thickness.
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