CN108161275A - A kind of nickel-base alloy seam organization crystal fining method and its application - Google Patents
A kind of nickel-base alloy seam organization crystal fining method and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN108161275A CN108161275A CN201810013756.8A CN201810013756A CN108161275A CN 108161275 A CN108161275 A CN 108161275A CN 201810013756 A CN201810013756 A CN 201810013756A CN 108161275 A CN108161275 A CN 108161275A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3033—Ni as the principal constituent
- B23K35/304—Ni as the principal constituent with Cr as the next major constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents
- B23K35/3608—Titania or titanates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
- B23K35/362—Selection of compositions of fluxes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of nickel-base alloy seam organization crystal fining method and its application, the step of this method, is：1) Co-based alloy powder is prepared according to the formula of nickel-base alloy；2) nanometer fining agent is added into the prepared Co-based alloy powder of step 1), the 0.2~2% of the Co-based alloy powder quality that the additive amount of the fining agent is prepared for step 1), the Co-based alloy powder of the fining agent added is put into V-type to mix in powder machine, stir to alloyed powder be sufficiently mixed uniformly to get to addition fining agent Co-based alloy powder.This method can effectively solve existing fining agent can not equally distributed problem in seam organization, simultaneously overcome nickel-base alloy in the welding process coarse grains the defects of, pass through thinning microstructure, reduce crystallite dimension, hardness, obdurability and the comprehensive mechanical property of nickel-base alloy can be improved, it can apply to manufacture flux-cored wire, solid core welding wire or be applied in powder melting and the preparation of increasing material manufacturing powder.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Nickel-based Alloy Welding technical fields, and in particular to a kind of nickel-base alloy seam organization crystal grain refinement side
Method and its application.
Background technology
Nickel-base alloy has good high temperature intensity, ductility, corrosion resistance and anti-fatigue performance, while has uniqueness
Low temperature performance, excellent machinability and welding performance, so being widely used in aerospace, gas-turbine engine
It waits in the corrosion-resistant environment of the industry such as high-temperature components and petrochemical industry.But due to the poor thermal conductivity of nickel-base alloy, in welding process
Middle seam organization is coarse, and seam organization obdurability is caused to decline, and crack sensitivity increases, and makes the mechanical properties decrease of material.Cause
This, by the way that seam organization is controlled to solidify, crystal grain thinning improves its mechanical property.
The approach of crystal grain refinement mainly has two aspects：Promote forming core and crystal grain is inhibited to grow up.Using suitable method again
A large amount of nucleus is formed before crystallization, and inhibits the fast growth of crystal grain in crystallization, constantly there are a large amount of nucleus in recrystallization process
It is formed, the tissue of fine uniform is obtained with this.The method of crystal grain thinning is divided into two major class substantially according to refinement means：Physical method
And chemical method.Physical method crystal grain thinning generally requires equipment and extra process outside plus, has to welding equipment specially
The requirement of the door welding sequence additional with increase, therefore welding process is made to become complicated, reduce production efficiency；And using physics
Method crystal grain thinning, has construction site certain requirement, and construction environment is restricted.Weld seam group is refined using chemical method
Knit, avoiding increases additional equipment, the problems such as increasing welding sequence, but chemical method refinement seam organization presently, there are master
It is that fining agent can not be made to be uniformly distributed in seam organization to want problem, reduces thinning effect.
(research [D] the Hebei industry of Zhang Lisheng .Inconel 601H nickel-base alloy weld grain fining agents is big by Zhang Lisheng
Learn, 2014.) carry out band backing plate soldering test, double-side gas shielded welding connects experiment and during fixed point fusion welding experiment, directly to slope
Dystectic fining agent powder (TiC, VC, ZrC and TiB are added in mouthful2) refinement seam organization, but by the convection current in molten bath itself
Effect effectively can not be such that fining agent is uniformly distributed in weld seam.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the technical issues of present invention intends to solve is to provide a kind of nickel-base alloy seam organization
Crystal fining method and its application.The alloy powder of fining agent powder and welding base metal metal is sufficiently mixed uniformly by this method,
Welded, can effectively solve existing fining agent in seam organization can not equally distributed problem, while overcome Ni-based conjunction
Gold in the welding process coarse grains the defects of, by thinning microstructure, reduce crystallite dimension, can improve nickel-base alloy hardness,
Obdurability and comprehensive mechanical property, this method also can apply to manufacture flux-cored wire, solid core welding wire or applied to powder meltings
And in the fields such as increasing material manufacturing powder preparation.
The present invention solve the technical problem the technical solution adopted is that：It is thin to provide a kind of nickel-base alloy seam organization crystal grain
Change method, which is characterized in that the step of this method is：
1) Co-based alloy powder is prepared according to the formula of nickel-base alloy；
2) the nanometer fining agent that mass fraction is 0.2~2% is added into the prepared Co-based alloy powder of step 1), it will
The Co-based alloy powder of the fining agent added is put into V-type and mixes in powder machine, stirs to alloyed powder and is sufficiently mixed uniformly to get to adding
The Co-based alloy powder of refinement agent.
Above-mentioned nickel-base alloy seam organization crystal fining method, the nanometer fining agent are receiving for a diameter of 90~120nm
Rice titanium dioxide.
Above-mentioned nickel-base alloy seam organization crystal fining method, nickel-base alloy described in step 1) be 718 alloy of nickel, nickel
The chemical composition mass percent of 718 alloys is：C：0.05%, Mn：0.1%, Fe：20%, P：0.01%, S：0.001%,
Si：0.06%, Al：0.45%, Ti：1.0%, Cr：17.4%, Nb：5%, Mo：3.0%, Ni：Surplus；The original of the nickel-base alloy
Expect be：High carbon ferromanganese powder, high-carbon chromium iron, molybdenum-iron powder, straight iron powder, high pure metal niobium powder, high pure metal aluminium powder, high pure metal titanium
Powder, high pure metal nickel powder and high-purity silicon powder；The addition of the nano-titanium dioxide for nickel-base alloy material quality 0.5~
1.0%.
Above-mentioned nickel-base alloy seam organization crystal fining method, 718 alloy of nickel are directly welded using argon tungsten-arc welding,
The a diameter of 3.2mm of tungsten electrode is selected, argon flow amount is 6~8Lmin-1, welding current is 130~160A, weldingvoltage for 18~
22V, speed of welding are 30~40mmmin-1。
The present invention also protects a kind of application of nickel-base alloy seam organization crystal fining method, and this method applies also for making
It makes flux-cored wire, solid core welding wire or is applied in the fields such as powder melting and the preparation of increasing material manufacturing powder.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
The prominent substantive distinguishing features of the present invention are：Method of the present invention by adding nano-oxide, by nanometer titanium dioxide
Titanium is added in corresponding welding base metal Co-based alloy powder, is uniformly mixed, is welded；Or the method is applied to manufacture medicine
It core welding wire, solid core welding wire and is prepared etc. in fields applied to powder melting or increasing material manufacturing powder, is welded, make fining agent
It melts with together with welding material, is uniformly distributed in weld seam, solving fining agent can not equally distributed difficulty in seam organization
Topic.Seam organization is improved with this, crystal grain thinning improves the obdurability of material and reduces crack sensitivity, improves the synthesis of material
Mechanical property.
The present invention marked improvement be：
1st, the present invention refines nickel-base alloy crystal grain using chemical mode, does not change original welding procedure, to equipment requirement
Low, construction environment does not have particular requirement, will not increase production cost.Avoid asking of bringing of physical method refinement weld grain
Topic, disposably solve the problems, such as that seam organization is coarse, have many advantages, such as it is easy to operate, with obvious effects, adaptable, more economically,
Environmental protection, practicality.
2nd, by adding nano-titanium dioxide, new element will not be added in, will not be had an adverse effect to the performance of alloy.
And the thinning effect of nano-titanium dioxide is apparent, promotes forming core as heterogeneous forming core core and crystal grain is inhibited to grow up, hence it is evident that reduce
Crystallite dimension.While other performances are not influenced, the obdurability of alloy is significantly improved, reduces crack sensitivity, improves synthesis
Mechanical property.In embodiment 1-5, nano-titanium dioxide additive amount be 0.6% when thinning effect it is best, secondary interdendritic away from
Average value is 8.5 μm, and secondary dendrite spacing is 17.4 μm compared with not adding nano-titanium dioxide, and secondary dendrite spacing reduces by one
More than half.
3rd, the present invention is easy to operate effective by the way that nano titanium dioxide powder is added in Co-based alloy powder.And
It can be by the way that nano titanium dioxide powder be added in different nickel-base alloy system powder, to the nickel-base alloy group of different compositions
It knits and plays the role of refinement.
It 4th, can be according to flux-cored wire and solid core after being sufficiently mixed by nano-titanium dioxide with corresponding alloy system powder
Flux-cored wire or solid core welding wire is respectively prepared in the manufacturing process of welding wire, can also melt the power applications after being sufficiently mixed in powder
It covers or applies the method to increasing material manufacturing field of powder preparation.Such method cannot only be applied to the thin of different nickel-base alloys
Change, and can be applied to multiple fields, it is highly practical and with obvious effects,
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1：The deposition tissue metallograph figure obtained after being welded using the alloy material of comparative example 1.
Fig. 2：The seam organization metallograph figure obtained after being welded using the alloy material of embodiment 3.
Fig. 3：The seam organization metallograph figure obtained after being welded using the alloy material of embodiment 5.
Fig. 4：The hardness of seam organization that the alloy material of each embodiment and comparative example 1 obtains after being welded.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiments and attached drawing the present invention will be further described, but not in this, as to the application protect model
The restriction enclosed.
The step of nickel-base alloy seam organization crystal fining method of the present invention, this method is：
1) Co-based alloy powder is prepared according to the formula of nickel-base alloy；
2) the nanometer fining agent that mass fraction is 0.2~2% is added into the prepared Co-based alloy powder of step 1), it will
The Co-based alloy powder of the fining agent added is put into V-type and mixes in powder machine, stirs to alloyed powder and is sufficiently mixed uniformly to get to adding
The Co-based alloy powder of refinement agent.
By the Co-based alloy powder for adding fining agent be directly used in welding or by the method be applied to manufacture flux-cored wire,
Solid core welding wire is applied in the fields such as powder melting and the preparation of increasing material manufacturing powder.
The method of above-mentioned nickel-base alloy crystal grain refinement, the nanometer fining agent are the nano-silica of a diameter of 90~120nm
Change titanium, nano aluminium oxide etc..
The method of above-mentioned nickel-base alloy crystal grain refinement, nickel-base alloy described in step 1) be 718 alloy of nickel, 718 alloy of nickel
Chemical composition mass percent be：C：0.05%, Mn：0.1%, Fe：20%, P：0.01%, S：0.001%, Si：
0.06%, Al：0.45%, Ti：1.0%, Cr：17.4%, Nb：5%, Mo：3.0%, Ni：Surplus；The raw material of the nickel-base alloy
For：High carbon ferromanganese powder, high-carbon chromium iron, molybdenum-iron powder, straight iron powder, high pure metal niobium powder, high pure metal aluminium powder, high pure metal titanium
Powder, high pure metal nickel powder and high-purity silicon powder；The addition of the nano-titanium dioxide for nickel-base alloy material quality 0.5~
1.0%.
The principle that the method for the present invention refines nickel-base alloy is：Chemically crystal grain thinning of the invention, use
Fining agent is nano-titanium dioxide, and nano-titanium dioxide is added to crystal grain thinning in nickel-base alloy.Nano-titanium dioxide has
High-temperature stability, fusing point are 1850 DEG C, are stabilized in weld seam molten bath.Nano-titanium dioxide is as different present in molten bath
Matter forming core core promotes forming core, crystal grain thinning.In addition it is grown up refinement in the nano-titanium dioxide of crystal boundary distribution by inhibiting crystal grain
Crystal grain.By promoting forming core and crystal grain being inhibited to grow up crystal grain thinning, the obdurability of material is improved, reduces crack sensitivity, is improved
Its comprehensive mechanical property.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment nickel-base alloy seam organization thinning method, used nickel-base alloy be 718 alloy of nickel, chemistry into
Point mass percent is：C：0.05%, Mn：0.1%, Fe：20%, P：0.01%, S：0.001%, Si：0.06%, Al：
0.45%, Ti：1.0%, Cr：17.4%, Nb：5%, Mo：3.0%, Ni：Surplus.
The raw material of the nickel-base alloy is：High carbon ferromanganese powder, high-carbon chromium iron, molybdenum-iron powder, straight iron powder, high pure metal niobium powder,
High pure metal aluminium powder, high pure metal titanium valve, high pure metal nickel powder and high-purity silicon powder.These powder can all bought on the market.
718 alloy powder of nickel is prepared according to above-mentioned nickel-base alloy formula；It states then up in 718 alloyed powder of nickel and adds in quality
Score is receiving for a diameter of 100nm of 0.2% (0.2% here is the 0.2% of the quality of 718 alloy powder raw material of nickel, similarly hereinafter)
Rice titanium dioxide fining agent, is put into V-type by the Co-based alloy powder of the fining agent added and mixes in powder machine and stir 30 minutes, make conjunction
Bronze be sufficiently mixed to get to addition fining agent after 718 alloyed powder of nickel.
For alloyed powder in welding process is avoided to be blown away, 718 alloyed powder of nickel after addition fining agent is put into mold, is led to
Over-pressed force tester compression molding.Constant Temp. Oven is put into, 110 DEG C keep the temperature 1 hour, fly to prevent from generating in welding process
It splashes, influences welding quality.
By the alloy sheet after drying, weld seam is carried out on 718 plank of nickel with argon tungsten-arc welding (TIG), obtains seam organization,
Observation seam organization grain size simultaneously measures its Vickers hardness number.
Argon tungsten-arc welding welding machine is that (product type is Panasonic's board manual tungsten electrode argon arc welding machine：YC-500WX).Using tungsten electrode
Argon arc welding (TIG) is welded, tungsten electrode a diameter of 3.2mm, argon flow amount 7Lmin-1, welding current 150A, welding electricity
It presses as 20V, speed of welding 35mmmin-1.Specific optimizing welding process parameter is shown in Table 1.
1 TIG weld technological parameter of table
Embodiment 2-5
Each step is with embodiment 1 in the thinning method of embodiment 2-5, and welding procedure, also with embodiment 1, difference exists
It is different in the content for adding in nano-titanium dioxide fining agent, the quality percentage of each ingredient of nickel-base alloy after being refined in each embodiment
Than referring to table 2.
And the micro- of each embodiment sample is measured with reference to GBT4340.1-2009 national standards according to micro Vickers
Hardness.
Ingredient percent (wt%) in 2 each embodiment of table
Comparative example 1
In this comparative example, nickel-base alloy ingredient percent is：C：0.05%, Mn：0.1%, Fe：20%, P：
0.01%, S：0.001%, Si：0.06%, Al：0.45%, Ti：1.0%, Cr：17.4%, Nb：5%, Mo：3.0%, Ni：It is remaining
Amount.Nano-titanium dioxide is not added in this comparative example to be welded according to the welding procedure of embodiment 1.
When not adding nano-titanium dioxide, it is 10.2-26.7 μm to measure secondary dendrite spacing, Vickers hardness 267.8HV.
Comparative example 1 is compared with adding the welding effect of titanium dioxide fining agent in embodiment 1-5, observation crystal grain is thin
Change effect and Vickers hardness number size.The concrete outcome of grain refining effect is shown in Table 3, and Vickers hardness number size comparing result is shown in Table
4.
3 seam organization secondary dendrite distance values of table
4 seam organization Vickers hardness number of table
As can be seen that the present invention is Ni-based to refine by adding nano-oxide (nano-titanium dioxide) from table 3 and table 4
Alloy seam organization can adjust nickel-base alloy grain refining effect by adjusting the additive amount of nano-titanium dioxide, and addition is received
Seam organization can be significantly refined after rice titanium dioxide.When not adding nano-titanium dioxide, dendrite direction is apparent and secondary dendrite
Spacing is larger as shown in Figure 1.Add in nano-titanium dioxide after thinning effect it is apparent, additive amount be 0.6% when seam organization most
Uniformly, secondary dendrite spacing is minimum, as seen from Figure 2.Thinning effect weakens when continuing to add nano-titanium dioxide, is seen by Fig. 3
Go out when additive amount is 1.0%, secondary dendrite spacing increases instead.
The seam organization of embodiment 1-5 and comparative example 1 are analyzed, measure secondary dendrite spacing size and measure its dimension
Family name's hardness, as a result as shown in Table 3 and Table 4.It can be seen that when nano-titanium dioxide additive amount be 0.6% when thinning effect it is most bright
Aobvious, Vickers hardness number also reaches highest.Illustrate that the method can be applied in the refinement of nickel-base alloy seam organization, improve its synthesis
Mechanical property.
The foregoing is merely specific embodiments of the present invention, but the invention is not limited in aforementioned specific embodiment and
Class in nickel-base alloy, all equivalent changes and modifications done according to the present patent application should all belong to the covering scope that the present invention protects.
The present invention does not address part and is suitable for the prior art.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of nickel-base alloy seam organization crystal fining method, which is characterized in that the step of this method is：
1) Co-based alloy powder is prepared according to the formula of nickel-base alloy；
2) nanometer fining agent is added into the prepared Co-based alloy powder of step 1), the additive amount of the fining agent is step 1)
The Co-based alloy powder of the fining agent added is put into V-type and mixes powder machine by the 0.2~2% of the Co-based alloy powder quality of preparation
In, stir to alloyed powder be sufficiently mixed uniformly to get to addition fining agent Co-based alloy powder.
2. nickel-base alloy seam organization crystal fining method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nanometer refinement
Agent is the nano-titanium dioxide of a diameter of 90~120nm.
3. nickel-base alloy seam organization crystal fining method according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that in step 1)
The nickel-base alloy is 718 alloy of nickel, and the chemical composition mass percent of 718 alloy of nickel is：C：0.05%, Mn：0.1%, Fe：
20%, P：0.01%, S：0.001%, Si：0.06%, Al：0.45%, Ti：1.0%, Cr：17.4%, Nb：5%, Mo：
3.0%, Ni：Surplus；The raw material of the nickel-base alloy is：High carbon ferromanganese powder, high-carbon chromium iron, molybdenum-iron powder, straight iron powder, high pure metal
Niobium powder, high pure metal aluminium powder, high pure metal titanium valve, high pure metal nickel powder and high-purity silicon powder；The addition of the nano-titanium dioxide
Measure 0.5~1.0% for nickel-base alloy material quality.
4. nickel-base alloy seam organization crystal fining method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that 718 alloy of nickel is adopted
It is directly welded with argon tungsten-arc welding, selects a diameter of 3.2mm of tungsten electrode, argon flow amount is 6~8Lmin-1, welding current is
130~160A, weldingvoltage are 18~22V, and speed of welding is 30~40mmmin-1。
A kind of 5. application of nickel-base alloy seam organization crystal fining method described in claim 1, which is characterized in that this method
It can apply to manufacture flux-cored wire, solid core welding wire or be applied in powder melting and the preparation of increasing material manufacturing powder.
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| CN111545710A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-18 | 南京工程学院 | Technological method and system for precisely casting refined grains and tissues of nickel-based superalloy |
| CN113441733A (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-09-28 | 江苏飞跃机泵集团有限公司 | Shape and property control method in additive manufacturing process of heat-preservation sulfur pump impeller |
| CN113909736A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-01-11 | 杭州华光焊接新材料股份有限公司 | Nickel-based alloy welding powder and manufacturing method and using method thereof |
| CN114589428A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-06-07 | 西安理工大学 | Ceramic particle reinforced nickel-based flux-cored wire and surface arc cladding method thereof |
| CN114700656A (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-05 | 广东省科学院中乌焊接研究所 | Preparation method of nickel-based flux-cored wire suitable for additive manufacturing |
| CN115475947A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2022-12-16 | 吉林大学 | Preparation method and application of transition metal carbide particles with {100} crystal face cube surfaces |
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| CN114700656B (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2024-04-02 | 广东省科学院中乌焊接研究所 | Preparation method of nickel-based flux-cored wire suitable for additive manufacturing |
| CN115475947A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2022-12-16 | 吉林大学 | Preparation method and application of transition metal carbide particles with {100} crystal face cube surfaces |
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