CN105081612A - Plasma arc overlaying alloy powder used for heat-working die - Google Patents
Plasma arc overlaying alloy powder used for heat-working die Download PDFInfo
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- CN105081612A CN105081612A CN201510608478.7A CN201510608478A CN105081612A CN 105081612 A CN105081612 A CN 105081612A CN 201510608478 A CN201510608478 A CN 201510608478A CN 105081612 A CN105081612 A CN 105081612A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K10/00—Welding or cutting by means of a plasma
- B23K10/02—Plasma welding
- B23K10/027—Welding for purposes other than joining, e.g. build-up welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
Abstract
The invention provides plasma arc overlaying alloy powder used for a heat-working die. The overlaying alloy powder is iron-base alloy powder; the raw material comprises, by mass, 1%-2% of nano chromium nitride powder and 2%-5% of yttrium oxide powder. By adding the nano chromium nitride powder into the iron-base alloy powder, fine nitride interstitial phases are formed in overlaying metal, and the overlaying metal is made to be good in toughness and crack resistance; meanwhile, the yttrium oxide is added into the alloy powder, so that the overlaying metal and glomeration inclusion are purified, nitride strengthening phases are promoted to form, and the fatigue resistance of the overlaying metal is improved. The heat-working die is repaired through the alloy power in combination with the plasma arc overlaying technique, the obtained overlaying metal is excellent in high-temperature oxidation resistance, abrasive resistance and cleanliness and is good in fatigue resistance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of welding material, particularly relate to a kind of plasma arc surfacing alloy powder for hot-work die.
Background technology
In recent years, along with the fast development of China's manufacturing industry, mould is hot-work die particularly, and the consumption as Heat Working Rolls, hot-forging die, hot extruding die, hot blanking die etc. is increasing, has now become one of expendable part widely applied in industrial production.Mould in use peels off because wearing and tearing and the reason such as heat fatigue can produce, abrade, wearing and tearing etc. and losing efficacy.Repairing scrap mould manufactures for the reduction energy, material consumption again, and environmental protection, reduce enterprise's production cost, enhance competitiveness significant, current built-up welding is the main method that mould repair manufactures again.
Plasma arc surfacing has that fusion penetration controllability is strong, deposition rate is large, productivity ratio is higher, and the interface between heap postwelding matrix material and resurfacing welding material is metallurgical binding state, the advantages such as its bond strength is high, and heat input is low, and dilution rate is little.In addition, plasma arc surfacing has and is easy to realize the advantage such as mechanization and automation, and meet the development trend of green manufacturing, the application in the manufacturing industry such as mould repair is increasingly extensive.
Plasma arc surfacing utilizes plasma arc to deposit to surface of the work using after the alloy powder fusing of resurfacing welding material, realizes strengthening and the sclerosis of surface of the work.Adopt alloy powder can improve the free degree of alloy designs as resurfacing welding material, make built-up welding refractory material become possibility, thus increase substantially wear-resisting, high temperature resistant, the corrosion resistance of workpiece.
Domestic and international adopted plasma arc surfacing powder mainly contains self-fluxing alloyed powder and the large class of composite powder two at present.Self-fluxing alloyed powder is formed primarily of a few class such as Ni-based, cobalt-based, iron-based, copper base.Though have good combination property, because nickel and cobalt belong to scarcity metals, cost is high, generally also only for having in the built-up welding of special surface properties requirement.And iron(-)base powder has raw material sources extensively, the feature that price is low, has good performance simultaneously, thus obtains applying more and more widely.
Composite powder becomes the focus of investigation and application in recent years day by day, and the solid phase that it has different performance by two or more formed, and has obvious boundary between different phases, is a kind of new engineering material.The composition of composition composite powder, can be metal and metal, metal (alloy) and pottery, pottery and pottery, metal (alloy) and plastics, metal (alloy) and graphite etc., scope is very extensive, almost comprises all solid-state engineering materials.
Plasma arc surfacing is used for hot-work die reparation and manufactures, its deposited metal must meet hot-work die high-temperature oxidation resistance excellence, wearability is good, cleanliness factor is high, have the technical requirements such as good fatigue resistance energy, the alloyed powder being exclusively used in hot-work die built-up welding is at present less, and research and development hot-work die plasma arc surfacing alloy powder is significant for the raising hot-work die life-span.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of mould plasma arc surfacing alloy powder of martensitic matrix by the optimal design that alloy powder is filled a prescription, by adding nano chromium nitride powder and yttrium oxide powder in iron(-)base powder, enable deposited metal meet the technical requirements such as hot-work die high-temperature oxidation resistance, high-wearing feature, high-cleanness, high, high fatigue resistance simultaneously.
Although the deposited metal of existing iron(-)base powder is about the same with Co-based alloy powder in hardness, compactness, bond strength etc., the toughness of deposited metal, lower than Co-based alloy powder, is difficult to the requirement meeting high tenacity.Plasma arc surfacing molten bath life period is short, adopts its metallurgical reaction of micron powder insufficient, is difficult to form abundant nitride, carbide hard phase.Therefore, improving its toughness and cracking resistance by adding nano chromium nitride powder in the present invention, the standard-required of hot-work die high tenacity and cracking resistance can be reached.Meanwhile, nanometer grade powder is active large, and metallurgical reaction is violent, makes up the drawback that plasma arc surfacing molten bath life period is short, metallurgical reaction is insufficient, makes it be suitable for plasma arc surfacing.
Wherein, described " hot-work die " mainly refers to hammer forging die tool, hot heading mould, hot-extrusion mold, hot blanking die, finish forge mould or die casting etc.
Concrete technical scheme is as follows:
For a plasma arc surfacing alloy powder for hot-work die, it is characterized in that, described hardfacing alloy powder is iron(-)base powder, and its raw material components comprises and accounts for the nano silicon nitride chromium powder of raw material gross mass 1%-2% and the yttrium oxide powder of 2%-5%.
Preferably, described hardfacing alloy powder packets is containing following alloying element: C, N, Si, Mn, Cr, Mo, V, Ti, Ni, W, Fe, Y.
In multiple preferred embodiment of the present invention, the raw material of described hardfacing alloy powder also comprises following component, as follows with the percentages accounting for raw material gross mass: electrolytic manganese 0.5-1.5%, 45# ferrosilicon 1-2%, ferrotianium 6-10%, crome metal 6-10%, high carbon ferro-chrome 8-12%, vanadium iron 2-4%, molybdenum-iron 8-14%, tungsten powder 2-6%, nickel powder 2-4%, remaining is atomized iron powder.
With regard to hardfacing alloy powder of the present invention, the composition of preferred electrolytic manganese metal by quality ratio Mn content is not less than 99.5%; The composition of 45# ferrosilicon is 40.0% ~ 47.0%Si, 0.1%C by quality ratio, and remaining is Fe and the impurity not affecting performance; The composition of ferrotianium is 23% ~ 35%Ti, 8.5%Al, 5%Si, 2.5%Mn by quality ratio, and remaining is Fe and the impurity not affecting performance; The composition of crome metal by quality ratio Cr content is not less than 98%; Cr is not less than 60%, C is by quality ratio that 6% ~ 10%, Si is not more than 3%, S and is no more than 0.04%, P and is no more than 0.04% for the composition of high carbon ferro-chrome, and remaining is Fe and the impurity not affecting performance; The composition of graphite is 94% ~ 99%C by quality ratio; The composition of vanadium iron is 50%V, 0.2%C, 2%Si, 0.8%Al by quality ratio, and remaining is Fe and the impurity not affecting performance; The composition of molybdenum-iron is 50%Mo, 3%Si by quality ratio, and remaining is Fe and the impurity not affecting performance; The composition of tungsten powder by quality ratio W content is not less than 98%; The composition of metal nickel powder by quality ratio Ni content is not less than 98%; The composition Y by percentage to the quality of yttrium oxide powder
2o
3content is not less than 99%; The composition of potassic feldspar is 62-72%SiO by percentage to the quality
2, 17-24%Al
2o
3, K
2o+Na
2o is not less than 12%, K
2o is not less than 8%, S and is no more than 0.04%, P and is no more than 0.04%.The composition Na by percentage to the quality of prodan
2siF
4content is not less than 95%; The composition of atomized iron powder by quality ratio Fe content is not less than 99%.The granularity of above-mentioned powder is 48 microns ~ 180 microns (namely granularity is-80 order ~+300 orders).The composition of nano silicon nitride chromium powder by quality ratio CrN content is not less than 99%, granularity more than 99% be less than 100 nanometers.The impurity not affecting its performance containing being difficult in process remove is allowed in the composition of above-mentioned medicinal powder.
Deposited metal containing nano silicon nitride chromium powder has excellent high temperature hardness, anti-wear performance, and good toughness and cracking resistance, and therefore, nano silicon nitride chromium powder preferably uses as the basic material of the hardfacing alloy powder for the formation of hot-work die.
Wherein, when the content of nano silicon nitride chromium powder is lower than 1% (quality), high temperature hardness, anti-wear performance, toughness and cracking resistance bad.On the other hand, if the content of nano silicon nitride chromium powder is higher than 2% (quality), deposited metal easily produces gas hole defect, and cost also raises.The present invention confirms following result: if when the content of nano silicon nitride chromium powder is not less than 1% (quality) and is no more than 2% (quality), can obtain the high temperature hardness of expectation, anti-wear performance, toughness and cracking resistance.
Yittrium oxide rare earth as except metal and ferroalloy, nanometer chrome nitride and inevitably except impurity more than point and the metal oxide that comprises, it plays purification deposited metal, nodularization field trash, impels formation nitride gap phase, improves the effect of the anti-fatigue performance of deposited metal.With regard to its content, although cannot treat different things as the same, when the content of yittrium oxide is lower than 2% (quality), yittrium oxide may be caused to purify and anti-fatigue performance decreased effectiveness.
On the other hand, when the content of yittrium oxide is higher than 5% (quality), high temperature hardness and wear resistance decrease may be caused, therefore, in the application, the addition of yittrium oxide is limited to 5% (quality) below, therefore can not produce the problems referred to above.
In the present invention, adding of nano chromium nitride powder, tiny nitride gap phase can be formed in deposited metal, utilize nano chromium nitride powder crystal grain thinning (granularity of nano chromium nitride powder is less than 100 nanometers) simultaneously, improve high temperature hardness, the anti-wear performance of deposited metal, and make it have good toughness, cracking resistance and anti-fatigue performance, nanoscale chromium nitride powder activity is large, metallurgical reaction is violent, the drawback that plasma arc surfacing molten bath life period is short, metallurgical reaction is insufficient can be made up, be suitable for plasma arc surfacing technique; On the other hand, in order to meet the requirement of deposited metal high-cleanness, high, anti-fatigue performance, by adding yittrium oxide rare earth in alloy powder, purifying deposited metal, nodularization field trash, impelling formation nitride strengthening phase, improving the anti-fatigue performance of deposited metal.Designed by rational alloy system, make deposited metal obtain martensitic matrix tissue and add a small amount of residual austenite soma, and using nitride, carbide as hardening constituent; Preferred by Metallurgical processing and raw material, reduce the impurity contents such as deposited metal S, P, and improve processing performance.
With regard to iron(-)base powder of the present invention, it at least comprises following alloying element: C, N, Si, Mn, Cr, Mo, V, Ti, Ni, W.When containing above-mentioned alloying element in iron(-)base powder, the deposited metal of preparation has certain high temperature hardness and corrosion resistance, can ensure that chromium nitride and yittrium oxide strengthen the maximization of effect.
Build-up welding alloy material also can have the material powder of other metal powder than that described above or alloyed powder to form by collaboration.Now, of the present inventionly prerequisite to be characterized as not destroy.
In the present invention, hardfacing alloy powder (medicinal powder) is chromium nitride, the powder such as vanadium iron, ferrosilicon, ferrotianium is mixed, in order to reduce welding material cost, reduce spatter, improve arc stability, improve appearance of weld, preferably add a certain amount of arc stabilizer
Wherein, potassic feldspar and prodan, as arc stabilizer, play stable arc, reduce the effect of splashing, and make overlay surface quality obtain the effect promoted further.Namely can be used alone also can be used in combination, when used as a mixture, make the content of potassic feldspar and prodan in described scope.When the total content of potassic feldspar and prodan is lower than 0.1% (quality), its stable arc, the effect reducing the deposited metal surface forming that splashes, improves are not obvious.On the other hand, if when the total content of potassic feldspar and prodan is higher than 4% (quality), the effect that stabilising arc, reduction splash also is improved no longer further.Confirm following result: make potassic feldspar and prodan content respectively more than 0.1% (quality) and 1% (quality) following scope time, good initial fitting property, marresistance and abrasion performance can be obtained.Preferred use average grain diameter is the powder of 48 microns ~ 180 microns.
In multiple preferred embodiment of the present invention, consider in plasma arc surfacing process that having a small amount of powder flies away, the powder splashed in long-time welding easily produces sticky nozzle phenomenon, affects the problem of technology stability.The particle diameter of hardfacing alloy powder is adjusted, the maximized sticky phenomenon decreasing hardfacing alloy powder Butt welding gun nozzle of the present invention.The preferred size of powder is 48 microns ~ 180 microns (namely granularity is-80 order ~+300 orders).
Preferably, when alloy powder of the present invention, for the treatment of during hot die steel, (carbon mass fraction is generally less than 0.5%, the alloying element often added has: Cr, Mn, W, Mo, V, Si, Ni, Nb, Al etc.), in general, owing to the addition of Cr in cladding layer, Ni, the elements such as Mo, therefore galvanic cell can be formed between cladding layer and base material, thus generation electrochemical corrosion, but all with the addition of Cr due in hot-work die itself and cladding powder, elements such as Ni, Mo and make electrochemical reaction be difficult to Fast Persistence to carry out.First, Cr to be dissolved in the alloy in Ni thus to form Ni-Cr solid solution, and plays significant passivation; Secondly, in corrosion process, Cr part replaces the Fe in rusty scale alpha-feooh, defines oxyhydroxide α-(Fe1-xCrx) OOH.Because this rusty scale microstructure is comparatively fine and close and relatively stable, matrix material and corrosive medium well can be isolated, its high impedance simultaneously well can reduce again the speed of electrochemical reaction.And Mo can in steel crystal grain thinning, solution strengthening, formed cured layer, this cured layer is combined with matrix firmly, formation passivation, thus there is good protective value.Simultaneously because the interaction time of laser beam in laser cladding process and powder is short, therefore in cooling procedure rapidly, there is larger cooling degree, and the alloying element in powder can form multiple compounds, the quantity of further increase non-spontaneous forming core, greatly improve nucleation rate, finally make the fine microstructures of cladding layer fine and close.Fine and closely woven tissue not only reduces the impurity content on unit crystal boundary, and decreases the component segregation formed owing to cooling fast, thus reduces the impact of the accelerated corrosion because of galvanic effect.So, no matter be from corrosion weight loss amount, or according to having more scientific corrosion weight loss rate analysis, all illustrate that hot-work die comprises Cr, Ni, during Mo tri-kinds of elements, the sample of cladding layer has better corrosion resistance, and does not accelerate the corrosion of base material due to electrochemical corrosion and galvanic effect.Demonstrate powder of the present invention and there is the decay resistance consistent with base material, well meet the designing requirement that hot-work die reparation manufactures again.
In above-mentioned medicinal powder, the effect of each component is as follows:
The effect of electrolytic manganese is component controlling, and manganese metal impurity content is few, is beneficial to the purification of deposited metal.
The effect of 45# ferrosilicon is component controlling, combines add with electrolytic manganese, silicomanganese combined deoxidation effective.
The effect of ferrotianium is deoxidation, and carbide precipitate TiC and nitride TiN, crystal grain thinning, by thin brilliant and precipitated phase two kinds of mode strengthen welds, improves the hardness of deposited metal.
The effect of crome metal and high carbon ferro-chrome is that Resistance of Weld Metal plays solution strengthening effect to weld metal transition Cr, simultaneously carbide precipitate strengthen welds, and Cr content reaches the high-temperature oxidation resistance that more than 11% can also improve deposited metal.High carbon ferro-chrome except transition Cr, also to weld seam transition C.
The effect of graphite is to weld seam transition C, controls the suitable C content of weld seam and forms carbide, ensure the hardness of weld seam.
The effect of vanadium iron is alloying, forms carbide, nitride, crystal grain thinning.
The effect of molybdenum-iron is alloying, crystal grain thinning, solution strengthening, forms carbide, improves high-temperature behavior and the anti-wear performance of deposited metal.
The effect of tungsten powder is alloying, to weld seam transition W, improves high temperature hardness and the wear resistance at elevated temperature of weld metal.
The effect of nickel powder to improve stabilization of austenite, slow down austenite to martensitic transformation, increase remained austenite content, improve plasticity, the toughness of deposited metal, and martensite start temperature Ms point can be reduced, the residual stress of deposited metal can be reduced.
The effect of nano silicon nitride chromium powder is to weld seam transition N, form nitride, crystal grain thinning with nitride forming element Ti, V, Cr etc., improve high temperature hardness and the structure stability of weld metal, reduce the thermal stress that variations in temperature causes, improve cracking resistance and the thermal fatigue property of deposited metal; To weld metal transition Cr; Nanometer powder is active large, and the plasma arc surfacing making metallurgical reaction of short duration can carry out abundant metallurgical reaction, and this is that micron powder material is unapproachable, is also the key that alloy powder of the present invention can be used for plasma arc surfacing.
The effect of yittrium oxide reduces Welding seam inclusion content, makes inclusion balling, and purification weld metal, improves the anti-fatigue performance of weld metal.Yittrium oxide has suppression carbide, impels and forms nitride effect.
The effect of potassic feldspar is stable arc, improves processing performance and appearance of weld.
The effect of prodan is stable arc, increases liquid metal flows, improves processing performance and appearance of weld.
The effect of atomized iron powder is to provide Fe, forms iron(-)base powder, and ensures the appropriate level of alloying component.
The preparation method of hot-work die plasma arc surfacing alloy powder of the present invention comprises the following steps:
(1) join the proportioning weighing medicinal powder that powder is filled a prescription by medicinal powder, first graphite less for proportion, potassic feldspar, prodan are pressed after formula rate weighs and mixed, mix powder 8-10 minute with existing mixed powder machine, obtain non-alloyed mixed powder; Then by electrolytic manganese, 45# ferrosilicon, ferrotianium, crome metal, high carbon ferro-chrome, vanadium iron, molybdenum-iron, tungsten powder, nickel powder, nano silicon nitride chromium powder, yittrium oxide powder, and atomized iron powder is by joining in non-alloyed mixed powder after formula rate weighing, continue mixed powder 8-10 minute again, obtain medicinal powder.
Wherein: the proportioning of described medicinal powder is as follows by percentage to the quality: electrolytic manganese 0.5-1.5%, 45# ferrosilicon 1-2%, ferrotianium 6-10%, crome metal 6-10%, high carbon ferro-chrome 8-12%, graphite 0-3%, vanadium iron 2-4%, molybdenum-iron 8-14%, tungsten powder 2-6%, nickel powder 2-4%, nano silicon nitride chromium powder 1-2%, yittrium oxide powder 2-5%, potassic feldspar 0-1%, prodan 0-1%, remaining is atomized iron powder.The granularity of nano silicon nitride chromium powder be more than 99% be less than 100 nanometers, the granularity of other powder is 48 microns ~ 180 microns (namely granularity is-80 order ~+300 orders);
The granularity of nano silicon nitride chromium powder be more than 99% be less than 100 nanometers.
The granularity of other powder preferred is 48 microns ~ 180 microns (namely granularity is-80 order ~+300 orders); But particular determination be there is no to its size
(2) medicinal powder prepared by step (1) is put into ball mill and be dry mixed 15-20 minute, obtain plasma arc surfacing alloy powder finished product.
The hardness HRC45-55 of above-mentioned alloy powder plasma arc surfacing metal; the technological parameter of plasma arc surfacing is; transferred arc electric current 140-180A; untransferable arc electric current 70-90A; ion-gas (Ar) flow 120-140L/h; protection gas (Ar) flow 550-620L/h, powder feed rate 25g/min.
The application of alloy powder of the present invention is not limited to plasma arc surfacing, also can be used for other arc surfacings, as carbon arc built-up welding, submerged arc overlay welding etc.
The remarkable result that the present invention has is:
(1) plasma arc surfacing of alloy powder of the present invention, its deposition rate is large, productivity ratio is higher, and the interface between heap postwelding matrix material and resurfacing welding material is metallurgical binding state, and its bond strength is high, and heat input is low, and dilution rate is little.Can be used for manufacture and the reparation of large-scale hot-work die.
(2) composition of deposited metal by changing the composition adjustment of alloy powder, can produce series of products for different hot die steels, applied range.
(3) this patent alloy powder optimizes deposited metal chrome content, makes deposited metal have good high-temperature oxidation resistance, significantly improves the service life of hot-work die.
(4) this patent alloy powder is by adding nano silicon nitride chromium powder and nitride forming element, by reaction fabricated in situ nitride, nitride has the advantages such as size is tiny, high-temperature stable mutually as gap, significantly improves high temperature hardness and the high-temperature stability of deposited metal.
(5) this patent preferably (as selects simple metal by raw-material, use ferroalloy less) and add rare earth, reduce deposited metal inclusion content, make inclusion balling, crystal grain thinning, improves the toughness of deposited metal, plasticity and anti-fatigue performance.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
(1) join the proportioning weighing medicinal powder that powder is filled a prescription by medicinal powder, first potassic feldspar less for proportion, prodan are pressed after formula rate weighs and mixed, mix powder 8 minutes with existing mixed powder machine, obtain non-alloyed mixed powder; Then join in non-alloyed mixed powder after electrolytic manganese, 45# ferrosilicon, ferrotianium, crome metal, high carbon ferro-chrome, vanadium iron, molybdenum-iron, tungsten powder, nickel powder, nano silicon nitride chromium powder, yittrium oxide powder and atomized iron powder being weighed by formula rate, continue mixed powder again 10 minutes, obtain medicinal powder.
Wherein: the proportioning of described medicinal powder is as follows by percentage to the quality: electrolytic manganese 0.5%, 45# ferrosilicon 1%, ferrotianium 6%, crome metal 6%, high carbon ferro-chrome 10%, vanadium iron 2%, molybdenum-iron 8%, tungsten powder 2%, nickel powder 3%, nano silicon nitride chromium powder 1%, yittrium oxide powder 2%, potassic feldspar 1%, prodan 1%, remaining is atomized iron powder.The granularity of nano silicon nitride chromium powder be more than 99% be less than 100 nanometers, the granularity of other powder is 48 microns ~ 180 microns (namely granularity is-80 order ~+300 orders)
(2) medicinal powder prepared by step (1) is put into ball mill and be dry mixed 15 minutes, obtain plasma arc surfacing alloy powder finished product.
The hardness HRC45 of above-mentioned alloy powder plasma arc surfacing metal; the technological parameter of plasma arc surfacing is; transferred arc electric current 140-180A; untransferable arc electric current 70-90A; ion-gas (Ar) flow 120-140L/h; protection gas (Ar) flow 550-620L/h, powder feed rate 25g/min.
Embodiment 2:
(1) join the proportioning weighing medicinal powder that powder is filled a prescription by medicinal powder, first graphite less for proportion, potassic feldspar, prodan are pressed after formula rate weighs and mixed, mix powder 10 minutes with existing mixed powder machine, obtain non-alloyed mixed powder; Then by electrolytic manganese, 45# ferrosilicon, ferrotianium, crome metal, high carbon ferro-chrome, vanadium iron, molybdenum-iron, tungsten powder, nickel powder, nano silicon nitride chromium powder, yittrium oxide powder, and atomized iron powder is by joining in non-alloyed mixed powder after formula rate weighing, continue mixed powder again 8 minutes, obtain medicinal powder.
Wherein: the proportioning of described medicinal powder is as follows by percentage to the quality: electrolytic manganese 1%, 45# ferrosilicon 2%, ferrotianium 10%, crome metal 10%, high carbon ferro-chrome 12%, graphite 2%, vanadium iron 4%, molybdenum-iron 14%, tungsten powder 6%, nickel powder 3%, nano silicon nitride chromium powder 2%, yittrium oxide powder 5%, potassic feldspar 0.5%, prodan 1%, remaining is atomized iron powder.The granularity of nano silicon nitride chromium powder be more than 99% be less than 100 nanometers, the granularity of other powder is 48 microns ~ 180 microns (namely granularity is-80 order ~+300 orders);
(2) medicinal powder prepared by step (1) is put into ball mill and be dry mixed 20 minutes, obtain plasma arc surfacing alloy powder finished product.
The hardness HRC55 of above-mentioned alloy powder plasma arc surfacing metal; the technological parameter of plasma arc surfacing is; transferred arc electric current 140-180A; untransferable arc electric current 70-90A; ion-gas (Ar) flow 120-140L/h; protection gas (Ar) flow 550-620L/h, powder feed rate 25g/min.
Embodiment 3:
(1) join the proportioning weighing medicinal powder that powder is filled a prescription by medicinal powder, first graphite less for proportion, potassic feldspar, prodan are pressed after formula rate weighs and mixed, mix powder 9 minutes with existing mixed powder machine, obtain non-alloyed mixed powder; Then by electrolytic manganese, 45# ferrosilicon, ferrotianium, crome metal, high carbon ferro-chrome, vanadium iron, molybdenum-iron, tungsten powder, nickel powder, nano silicon nitride chromium powder, yittrium oxide powder, and atomized iron powder is by joining in non-alloyed mixed powder after formula rate weighing, continue mixed powder again 9 minutes, obtain medicinal powder.
Wherein: the proportioning of described medicinal powder is as follows by percentage to the quality: electrolytic manganese 1.5%, 45# ferrosilicon 2%, ferrotianium 8%, crome metal 7%, high carbon ferro-chrome 10%, graphite 2%, vanadium iron 3%, molybdenum-iron 10%, tungsten powder 4%, nickel powder 3%, nano silicon nitride chromium powder 1.5%, yittrium oxide powder 3%, potassic feldspar 1%, prodan 0.5%, remaining is atomized iron powder.The granularity of nano silicon nitride chromium powder be more than 99% be less than 100 nanometers, the granularity of other powder is 48 microns ~ 180 microns (namely granularity is-80 order ~+300 orders)
(2) medicinal powder prepared by step (1) is put into ball mill and be dry mixed 18 minutes, obtain plasma arc surfacing alloy powder finished product.
The hardness HRC50 of above-mentioned alloy powder plasma arc surfacing metal; the technological parameter of plasma arc surfacing is; transferred arc electric current 140-180A; untransferable arc electric current 70-90A; ion-gas (Ar) flow 120-140L/h; protection gas (Ar) flow 550-620L/h, powder feed rate 25g/min.
Embodiment 4:
(1) join the proportioning weighing medicinal powder that powder is filled a prescription by medicinal powder, first graphite less for proportion, potassic feldspar, prodan are pressed after formula rate weighs and mixed, mix powder 8 minutes with existing mixed powder machine, obtain non-alloyed mixed powder; Then by electrolytic manganese, 45# ferrosilicon, ferrotianium, crome metal, high carbon ferro-chrome, vanadium iron, molybdenum-iron, tungsten powder, nickel powder, nano silicon nitride chromium powder, yittrium oxide powder, and atomized iron powder is by joining in non-alloyed mixed powder after formula rate weighing, continue mixed powder again 8 minutes, obtain medicinal powder.
Wherein: the proportioning of described medicinal powder is as follows by percentage to the quality: electrolytic manganese 0.8%, 45# ferrosilicon 1.5%, ferrotianium 6%, crome metal 6%, high carbon ferro-chrome 10%, graphite 3%, vanadium iron 4%, molybdenum-iron 9%, tungsten powder 2%, nickel powder 4%, nano silicon nitride chromium powder 1%, yittrium oxide powder 2%, potassic feldspar 1%, prodan 0.5%, remaining is atomized iron powder.The granularity of nano silicon nitride chromium powder be more than 99% be less than 100 nanometers, the granularity of other powder is 48 microns ~ 180 microns (namely granularity is-80 order ~+300 orders);
(2) medicinal powder prepared by step (1) is put into ball mill and be dry mixed 20 minutes, obtain plasma arc surfacing alloy powder finished product.
The hardness HRC52 of above-mentioned alloy powder plasma arc surfacing metal; the technological parameter of plasma arc surfacing is; transferred arc electric current 140-180A; untransferable arc electric current 70-90A; ion-gas (Ar) flow 120-140L/h; protection gas (Ar) flow 550-620L/h, powder feed rate 25g/min.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is with the difference of embodiment 1, oxygen-freeization yttrium in composition of raw materials, the thermal fatigue of deposited metal is tested, specimen size is 50 × 20 × 1.5 (mm), at 20mm central vertical thickness direction on one side, open 60 ° of v-notch, carry out the circulating-heating of 700 DEG C-20 DEG C, cooling, with the cycle-index reflection fatigue behaviour occurring 0.5mm crackle.The cycle-index of the comparative example 1 of oxygen-freeization yttrium powder is 21 times, and the cycle-index containing the embodiment 1 of yittrium oxide 2% is 43 times.By the comparison with embodiment 1, show that yittrium oxide of the present invention effectively can promote the anti-fatigue performance of deposited metal.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example is with the difference of embodiment 1, and do not add nano silicon nitride chromium powder in composition of raw materials, test the carrying out of toughness and cracking resistance, not the comparative example 2 of plus nano nitrogenize chromium powder, the test value of U-shaped notch impact toughness is 1.06J/cm
2, being the 5CrNiMo mould steel surface overlaying of 80mm at thickness, there is not crackle in preheating 250 DEG C of ability; The test value of the U-shaped notch impact toughness of embodiment 1 is 1.21J/cm
2, being the 5CrNiMo mould steel surface overlaying of 80mm at thickness, can not there is crackle in preheating 50 DEG C.Show that the nano silicon nitride chromium powder in alloy powder of the present invention can improve toughness and the cracking resistance of deposited metal effectively.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example is with the difference of embodiment 1, granularity is adopted to be the nitrogenize chromium powder of 48 microns ~ 180 microns (namely granularity is-80 order ~+300 orders) in composition of raw materials, the hardness of actual measurement deposited metal 500 DEG C is HRC36, the maxima and minima difference HRC6 of hardness; 500 DEG C of hardness of embodiment 1 deposited metal are HRC41, the maxima and minima difference HRC4 of hardness.Nanometer chrome nitride keeps higher hardness under making deposited metal high temperature, and the hardness of deposited metal is more even.Micron-sized chromium nitride due to particle comparatively large, activity is less, because plasma arc surfacing molten bath cooling velocity is fast under existing addition, causes metallurgical reaction insufficient, effectively cannot improve high temperature hardness and the structure stability of weld metal.
Although above-mentioned, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described; but not limiting the scope of the invention; one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that; on the basis of technical scheme of the present invention, those skilled in the art do not need to pay various amendment or distortion that creative work can make still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. for a plasma arc surfacing alloy powder for hot-work die, it is characterized in that, described hardfacing alloy powder is iron(-)base powder, and its raw material comprises and accounts for the nano silicon nitride chromium powder of raw material gross mass 1%-2% and the yttrium oxide powder of 2%-5%.
2. hardfacing alloy powder as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described hardfacing alloy powder packets is containing following element: C, N, Si, Mn, Cr, Mo, V, Ti, Ni, W, Fe, Y.
3. hardfacing alloy powder as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise the arc stabilizer accounting for raw material gross mass 0.1-2% in the raw material of described hardfacing alloy powder.
4. hardfacing alloy powder as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described arc stabilizer is mixed by following material, to account for the percentages of hardfacing alloy powder stock gross mass: the potassic feldspar of 0.1-1% and the prodan of 0.1-1%.
5. hardfacing alloy powder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described hardfacing alloy powder stock, the granularity of nano silicon nitride chromium powder is less than 100 nanometers; The granularity of all the other components is 48 microns ~ 180 microns.
6. hardfacing alloy powder as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in the raw material of described hardfacing alloy powder, also comprise following component, to account for the percentages of hardfacing alloy powder stock gross mass: electrolytic manganese 0.5-1.5%, 45# ferrosilicon 1-2%, ferrotianium 6-10%, crome metal 6-10%, high carbon ferro-chrome 8-12%, vanadium iron 2-4%, molybdenum-iron 8-14%, tungsten powder 2-6%, nickel powder 2-4%.
7. hardfacing alloy powder as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, the composition of described electrolytic manganese by quality ratio Mn content is not less than 99.5%; The composition of 45# ferrosilicon is 40.0% ~ 47.0%Si, 0.1%C by quality ratio, and remaining is Fe and the impurity not affecting performance; The composition of ferrotianium is 23% ~ 35%Ti, 8.5%Al, 5%Si, 2.5%Mn by quality ratio, and remaining is Fe and the impurity not affecting performance; The composition of crome metal by quality ratio Cr content is not less than 98%; Cr is not less than 60%, C is by quality ratio that 6% ~ 10%, Si is not more than 3%, S and is no more than 0.04%, P and is no more than 0.04% for the composition of high carbon ferro-chrome, and remaining is Fe and the impurity not affecting performance; The composition of vanadium iron is 50%V, 0.2%C, 2%Si, 0.8%Al by quality ratio, and remaining is Fe and the impurity not affecting performance; The composition of molybdenum-iron is 50%Mo, 3%Si by quality ratio, and remaining is Fe and the impurity not affecting performance; The composition of tungsten powder by quality ratio W content is not less than 98%; The composition of nickel powder by quality ratio Ni content is not less than 98%.
8. a hot-work die plasma arc bead welding method; it is characterized in that; with the arbitrary described hardfacing alloy powder of claim 1-7 for resurfacing welding material; the technological parameter of described plasma arc bead welding method is as follows: transferred arc electric current 140-180A; untransferable arc electric current 70-90A; ion-gas flow 120-140L/h, shielding gas flow amount 550-620L/h, powder feed rate 25g/min.
9. the arbitrary described hardfacing alloy powder of claim 1-7 is repairing the application in hot-work die, and it is characterized in that, described hot-work die comprises hammering mould, hot heading mould, hot-extrusion mold, hot blanking die and finish forge mould and die casting.
10. the application of the arbitrary described hardfacing alloy powder of claim 1-7 in process hot die steel, is characterized in that, containing Cr, Ni, Mo in described hot die steel.
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| CN111250900B (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2022-11-01 | 江西恒大高新技术股份有限公司 | Preparation method of modified Inconel625 powder surfacing coating |
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