CN108149644B - Hydraulic automatic silt-reducing system in front of rolling dam and construction method - Google Patents
Hydraulic automatic silt-reducing system in front of rolling dam and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108149644B CN108149644B CN201810095160.7A CN201810095160A CN108149644B CN 108149644 B CN108149644 B CN 108149644B CN 201810095160 A CN201810095160 A CN 201810095160A CN 108149644 B CN108149644 B CN 108149644B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
- E02B7/02—Fixed barrages
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
- E02B8/02—Sediment base gates; Sand sluices; Structures for retaining arresting waterborne material
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic hydraulic silt reducing system in front of a rolling dam and a construction method. The silt reducing system comprises a shore water diversion channel, a water collecting tank, a sand washing pipe and a fixed pier. The water collecting tank is positioned at the bottom of the water diversion channel, the tank top is provided with a water inlet hole and a vent hole, and the tank side is connected with the sand washing pipe. The sand washing pipe inlet section is an inverted U-shaped pipe, the slope section is provided with a flat pressing pipe, and the pipe body of the river section fixed by the fixed pier is provided with a sand washing nozzle. The water body continuously enters the water collecting tank by flowing automatically through the water inlet channel, when the water level in the water tank reaches the top of the U-shaped pipe, the siphon phenomenon is automatically induced, then the water body is continuously sprayed from the sand washing spray head at a high flow speed, local turbulence is formed in front of the dam to prevent sediment of mud and sand, and the mud and sand are driven to flow into a downstream river channel through the sand discharging hole of the dam body. The construction method comprises the following steps: 1. constructing a water channel, a water collecting tank and a fixed pier; 2. a prefabricated member; 3. and (5) field sectional installation. The invention automatically forms jet flow and turbulent flow to continuously drive sand by utilizing the siphon principle, and has the characteristics of good silt reduction effect, convenient operation and maintenance, ecological environment protection and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hydraulic sand discharge, and particularly relates to an automatic hydraulic silt reducing system in front of a rolling dam and a construction method.
Background
The rolling dam is widely applied to the comprehensive treatment of small watershed in mountain areas and obtains good social benefit. However, in the running process of the rolling dam, the flow speed of water flow is reduced due to the blocking effect of the dam body, and the muddy sand in the water gradually deposits in front of the dam, so that serious consequences such as large-scale serious accumulation, reduced storage capacity, weakening or even disappearance of the ecological flow regulating function of the river channel and the like are often caused in front of the dam.
The existing methods for reducing and dredging the front of the mountain area rolling dam mainly comprise two main types: first, the structural style of the rolling dam is changed. The method mainly relates to the following research and patent technologies: (1) A drainage sand discharge gate is arranged for sand discharge (Huang Gulin, by-edge of science, design and application of a water intake matched engineering rolling dam of a thermal power plant [ J ]. Jiangxi coal science and technology, 2014, (1) 60-63); (2) A sand washing bottom hole (Hou Bo) formed by a sluice well section and a box-shaped culvert section is arranged in the middle of the rolling dam, and the application of the mode of shallow talking on the front surface of the wave gully head to drain sand and water at the side surface is [ J ]. Shaanxi water conservancy, 2014, (S1): 14-15); (3) In a rolling dam consisting of a wood rod triangular gate frame, a wood rod parallel-serial gate sheet and a plastic sheet parallel-serial guard, a gate frame interval part is reserved for arranging a sand discharge port for sand discharge (rolling dam equipment. Application number: 200410033140.5; 2004.11.10). (4) By utilizing the curve water flow principle, an arc-shaped rolling dam is built for sand washing (an arc-shaped rolling dam capable of automatically washing sand and reducing siltation and an operation method thereof are disclosed in application numbers: 201710148388.3 and 2017.03.14). Second, manual or mechanical dredging. Dredge the silt deposited in front of the rolling dam by manpower or machinery (forklift, excavator, high-pressure spray pipe, etc.) periodically.
The above-mentioned silt-reducing method has certain silt-reducing effect, but there are some shortages. The first method needs to greatly reform the dam body, and has poor silt reducing effect on silt in a far area in front of the dam. The second method needs to treat a large amount of dredged silt, has a plurality of links and high cost, and is easy to cause water and soil loss.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problem of reducing the prior art of the front siltation of the rolling dam in the mountain area, the invention automatically forms jet flow and turbulent flow to continuously drive sand by utilizing the siphon principle, and provides the hydraulic automatic siltation reducing system with good siltation reducing effect, convenient operation and maintenance and ecological environment protection and the construction method.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.
The invention discloses an automatic hydraulic silt reducing system in front of a rolling dam and a construction method. The silt reducing system comprises a shore water diversion channel, a water collecting tank, a sand washing pipe and a fixed pier. The water collecting tank is positioned at the bottom of the water diversion channel, the tank top is provided with a water inlet hole and a vent hole, and the tank side is connected with the sand washing pipe. The sand washing pipe inlet section is an inverted U-shaped pipe, the slope section is provided with a flat pressing pipe, and the pipe body of the river section fixed by the fixed pier is provided with a sand washing nozzle.
Further, the canal head adopts dam-free diversion; the canal tail is provided with a drainage hole and is positioned on the downstream river bank of the rolling dam; the width is 0.3-2 m, and the depth is 0.3-2 m.
Further, the water collecting tank and the sand washing pipe are arranged from 2-3 m in front of the rolling dam and are sequentially arranged along the central line of the river channel to the upstream according to the interval of 3-10 m until the tail end of an affected area in front of the rolling dam.
Further, the water collecting tank is square in shape; the depth is 0.5-2 m, and the length multiplied by the width is 0.5 multiplied by 0.5-2 m multiplied by 2m; the top plate is a stainless steel turning plate, a water inlet hole with the diameter of 0.05-0.1 m is arranged at the center position, and the elevation is consistent with the bottom of the canal; the elevation of the bottom plate is 1-3 m higher than the normal water level of the river channel.
Further, the diameter of the sand washing pipe is 0.2-1 m; the elevation of the water inlet is 0.1-0.2 m higher than the elevation of the water collecting tank bottom plate.
Further, the communication point Gao Chengwei between the flushing pressing pipe and the sand flushing pipe is between the normal water level of the river and the height of the water collecting tank bottom.
Further, the sand washing spray head is divided into a one-way spray head and a two-way spray head; the unidirectional spray head faces downstream and is vertical to the sand washing pipe on the horizontal plane; the included angle of the bidirectional spray nozzle is 15-45 degrees, the bidirectional spray nozzle faces downstream, and the central line of the bidirectional spray nozzle is perpendicular to the sand washing pipe on the horizontal plane; the unidirectional spray heads and the bidirectional spray heads are arranged on the sand washing pipe at intervals; the diameter of the spray pipe is 0.02-0.1 m; the nozzle is conical in shape; the distance between adjacent spray heads is 0.5-1.5 m.
Further, the fixed pier adopts a reinforced concrete structure, and the top elevation is consistent with the river bed elevation.
Further, the construction method comprises the following steps: 1. cleaning a foundation, and constructing a water inlet channel and a water collecting tank on one side of a river bank; building a fixed pier in a river bed; 2. prefabricating a sand washing pipe (an inlet section, a slope section and a river channel section pipeline), a sand washing spray head, a water collecting tank top plate and other components according to design requirements in a factory; 3. the factory prefabricated components are transported to the site for installation, wherein the components are threaded or flanged.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.
1. The silt reducing effect is good. On the one hand, the water body continuously enters the water collecting tank by flowing automatically through the water inlet channel, when the water level in the tank reaches the top of the U-shaped pipe, the siphon phenomenon is automatically induced, then the water body is continuously sprayed from the sand washing spray head at a high flow rate, local turbulence is formed in front of the dam to prevent sediment of the mud sand, and the mud sand is driven to flow into a downstream river channel through the sand discharging hole of the dam body. On the other hand, the water collecting tank and the sand washing pipe are arranged from 2-3 m in front of the rolling dam and are sequentially arranged at intervals of 3-10 m along the central line of the river channel to the upstream until the tail end of the area in front of the rolling dam, so that the silt deposition of the area in front of the whole rolling dam is reduced.
2. The operation and maintenance are convenient. On one hand, the system does not need special management during operation, and is convenient to operate and manage; on the other hand, the device in the system is assembled by adopting prefabricated components, and if the device fails, the device can be replaced only aiming at the components with problems, so that the maintenance is convenient.
3. Ecological environment protection. On one hand, the system automatically operates by utilizing the siphon principle, and consumes energy without providing additional power to influence the environment; on the other hand, the system reduces the silt deposition in front of the rolling dam, ensures the function of adjusting the ecological flow of the river channel, and plays a positive role in the ecological environment in the river channel.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the sand washing nozzle (unidirectional and bidirectional) of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a water channel; 2-a water collecting tank; 3-a vent hole; 4-a water inlet hole; 5-a sand washing pipe; 6, flattening the pipe; 7-sand washing spray nozzle; 8-fixing piers; 9-rolling dam.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples.
The invention discloses an automatic hydraulic silt reducing system in front of a rolling dam and a construction method. The silt reducing system comprises a shore water diversion channel 1, a water collecting tank 2, a sand washing pipe 5 and a fixed pier 8. The water collecting tank 2 is positioned at the bottom of the water diversion channel 1, the tank top is provided with a vent hole 3 (balancing the water collecting tank 2 and the external atmospheric pressure) and a water inlet hole 4, and the tank side is connected with a sand washing pipe 5. The inlet section of the sand washing pipe 5 is an inverted U-shaped pipe, the slope section is provided with a flat pressing pipe 6, and the pipe body of the river section fixed by the fixed pier 8 is provided with a sand washing spray head 7.
Further, the canal head of the canal 1 adopts dam-free water diversion; the canal tail is provided with a drainage hole and is positioned at the downstream of the rolling dam; the width is 0.3-2 m (preferably 0.5 m), and the depth is 0.3-2 m (preferably 0.5 m). The system is ensured to take water from an upstream river, and meanwhile, the redundant water is discharged back to the river through the drainage hole, so that waste is avoided.
Further, the water collecting tank 2 and the sand washing pipe 5 are arranged from 2-3 m (preferably 2 m) in front of the rolling dam, and are sequentially arranged along the center line of the river channel to the upstream according to the interval of 3-10 m (preferably 6 m) until the tail end of the influence area in front of the rolling dam. The mud and sand accumulation in the front area of the whole rolling dam is reduced.
Furthermore, the water collecting tank 2 is square in shape, so that construction is convenient; the depth is 0.5-2 m (preferably 1 m), the length multiplied by the width is 0.5 multiplied by 0.5-2 m multiplied by 2m (preferably 1m multiplied by 1 m), and a certain water storage capacity is ensured; the top plate is a stainless steel turning plate, a water inlet hole with the diameter of 0.05-0.1 m (preferably 0.01 m) is arranged in the center position, the elevation is consistent with the elevation of the canal bottom, so that water flow in the canal can conveniently enter the water collecting tank 2, the flow is controlled, and no water in a downstream channel is avoided; the elevation of the bottom plate is 1-3 m (preferably 2 m) higher than the normal water level of the river channel, so that the water flow is ensured to have larger flow velocity and impact force when being sprayed out by the sand washing spray nozzle 7.
Further, the diameter of the sand washing pipe 5 is 0.2-1 m (preferably 0.5 m); the elevation of the water inlet is 0.1-0.2 m (preferably 0.15 m) higher than the elevation of the water collecting tank bottom plate, so that water flow can smoothly enter the sand washing pipe 5 through siphoning.
Further, the communication point Gao Chengwei of the flushing and pressing pipe 6 and the sand flushing pipe 5 is between the normal water level of the river and the height of the bottom of the water collecting tank 2, so that the air pressure of the slope section of the sand flushing pipe 5 is ensured to be consistent with the outside, and the siphon phenomenon is smoothly induced.
Further, the sand washing spray head 7 is divided into a one-way spray head and a two-way spray head; the unidirectional nozzle faces downstream and is vertical to the sand washing pipe 5 on the horizontal plane; the included angle of the bidirectional nozzle is 15-45 degrees (preferably 15 degrees), the bidirectional nozzle faces downstream, and the central line is vertical to the sand washing pipe 5 on the horizontal plane; the unidirectional spray heads and the bidirectional spray heads are arranged on the sand washing pipe 5 at intervals; the diameter of the spray pipe is 0.02-0.1 m (preferably 0.05 m); the nozzle is conical in shape; the distance between adjacent spray heads is 0.5-1.5 m (preferably 1 m). The unidirectional nozzles form an impact main flow area towards the downstream, and the bidirectional nozzles which are arranged at intervals perform impact reinforcement effect from two sides.
Further, the fixed pier 8 adopts a reinforced concrete structure, and the top elevation is consistent with the river bed elevation. Ensuring that the structure has no obstruction to the river bed.
Further, the construction method comprises the following steps: 1. cleaning a foundation, and constructing a water inlet channel 1 and a water collecting tank 2 on one side of a river bank; building a fixed pier 8 in the river bed; 2. prefabricating a sand washing pipe 5 (an inlet section, a slope section and a river channel section pipeline), a sand washing spray head 7, a top plate of a water collecting tank 2 and other components according to design requirements in a factory; 3. the factory prefabricated components are transported to the site for installation, wherein the components are threaded or flanged.
Claims (6)
1. The hydraulic automatic silt reducing system in front of the rolling dam is characterized by comprising a shore water channel, a water collecting tank, a sand washing pipe and a fixed pier; the water collecting tank is positioned at the bottom of the water diversion channel, a water inlet hole and a vent hole are formed in the top of the water collecting tank, and the side of the water collecting tank is connected with the sand washing pipe; the sand washing pipe inlet section is an inverted U-shaped pipe, the slope section is provided with a flat pressing pipe, and the pipe body of the river section fixed by the fixed pier is provided with a sand washing nozzle.
2. The hydraulic automatic silt reducing system before a rolling dam according to claim 1, wherein the water collecting tank and the sand washing pipe are arranged from 2m to 3m in front of the rolling dam and are sequentially arranged at intervals of 3m to 10m up to the tail end of the area in front of the rolling dam along the center line of a river channel.
3. A front hydraulic automatic silt reducing system according to claim 1, wherein said water collecting tank is square in shape; the depth is 0.5-2 m, and the length multiplied by the width is 0.5 multiplied by 0.5-2 m multiplied by 2m; the top plate is a stainless steel turning plate, a water inlet hole with the diameter of 0.05-0.1 m is arranged at the center position, and the elevation is consistent with the bottom of the canal; the elevation of the bottom plate is 1-3 m higher than the normal water level of the river channel.
4. The automatic hydraulic silt reducing system before a rolling dam according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the sand washing pipe is 0.2-1 m; the elevation of the water inlet is 0.1-0.2 m higher than the elevation of the water collecting tank bottom plate.
5. The hydraulic automatic silt reducing system before a rolling dam according to claim 1, wherein the sand washing spray head is divided into a one-way spray head and a two-way spray head; the unidirectional spray head faces downstream and is vertical to the sand washing pipe on the horizontal plane; the included angle of the bidirectional spray nozzle is 15-45 degrees, the bidirectional spray nozzle faces downstream, and the central line is vertical to the sand washing pipe on the horizontal plane; the unidirectional spray heads and the bidirectional spray heads are arranged on the sand washing pipe at intervals; the diameter of the spray pipe is 0.02-0.1 m; the nozzle is conical in shape; the distance between adjacent spray heads is 0.5-1.5 m.
6. A method of constructing a hydraulic automatic silt reducing system in front of a rolling dam according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the method of construction is as follows: 1. cleaning a foundation, and constructing a water inlet channel and a water collecting tank on one side of a river bank; building a fixed pier in a river bed; 2. prefabricating the following components according to design requirements in a factory: sand washing pipe, sand washing nozzle and water collecting tank top plate; 3. the factory prefabricated components are transported to the site for installation, wherein the components are threaded or flanged.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810095160.7A CN108149644B (en) | 2018-01-31 | 2018-01-31 | Hydraulic automatic silt-reducing system in front of rolling dam and construction method |
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| CN201810095160.7A CN108149644B (en) | 2018-01-31 | 2018-01-31 | Hydraulic automatic silt-reducing system in front of rolling dam and construction method |
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| CN108149644B true CN108149644B (en) | 2023-05-09 |
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