CN108064254A - 一种单组份现场发泡成型的全塑型跑道弹性层及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种单组份现场发泡成型的全塑型跑道弹性层及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108064254A
CN108064254A CN201780001887.8A CN201780001887A CN108064254A CN 108064254 A CN108064254 A CN 108064254A CN 201780001887 A CN201780001887 A CN 201780001887A CN 108064254 A CN108064254 A CN 108064254A
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赵文海
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JIANGMEN CHANGHE CHEMICAL INDUSTRIAL GROUP Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种单组份现场发泡成型的全塑型跑道弹性层，组成包括聚醚多元醇、异氰酸酯，聚醚多元醇、异氰酸酯的官能度均为2～3。本发明的冲击吸收37.3～42.2％、垂直变形1.86～2.31mm、抗滑值为53～55、拉伸强度1.13～1.25MPa、拉断伸长率为89.2～105.8％、阻燃性1级。

Description

一种单组份现场发泡成型的全塑型跑道弹性层及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于全塑型塑胶跑道材料领域，具体涉及一种单组份现场发泡成型的全塑型跑道弹性层及其制备方法。
背景技术
现有的透气式跑道材料使用颗粒铺设和颗粒喷涂而成，冲击吸收和垂直变形都达不到新国标的要求；而混合型跑道往往施工完毕后还残留着较大的气味，影响运动员的健康。硬质聚氨酯泡沫保温材料是以多元羟基化合物和异氰酸酯为主要原料，在催化剂、发泡剂作用下，经加成聚合、发泡而成的泡沫材料。硬质聚氨酯泡沫材料具有优良的物理机械性能、电学性能、声学性能及耐化学腐蚀性。但是，目前还未见将聚氨酯泡沫用于制作塑胶跑道弹性层的报道。
发明内容
为解决现有塑胶跑道弹性层存在的问题，本发明提供了一种单组份现场发泡成型的全塑型跑道弹性层，该弹性层具有良好的微气囊结构，具有强劲迅速的回弹力，冲击吸收和垂直变形性能强
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案为一种单组份现场发泡成型的全塑型跑道弹性层，按重量百分比计算，由以下原料组成：
其中，聚醚多元醇为官能度为2-3的聚醚多元醇；异氰酸酯为官能度为2-3的异氰酸酯，聚醚多元醇、填料以及增塑剂在与其他原料混合前均需进行高温脱水。
进一步，所述异氰酸酯选自二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯异氰酸酯中任一种。
进一步，所述填料选自云母粉、滑石粉、硅灰粉或碳酸钙中至少一种。
进一步，硅烷偶联剂选自乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷或γ-缩水甘油氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷中至少一种。
进一步，增塑剂选自环氧大豆油、棕榈油增塑剂中至少一种。
进一步，阻燃剂选自氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁中至少一种。
进一步，抗老化剂选自光稳定剂、紫外线吸收剂、抗氧化剂或者水解稳定剂中至少一种。
进一步，发泡剂为二甲醚。
本发明还提供一种单组份现场发泡成型的全塑型跑道弹性层的制备方法，按比例称取聚醚多元醇、填料、阻燃剂、增塑剂进行脱水，脱水后与异氰酸酯在65-70℃反应，反应3-4小时后检测反应体系中的异氰酸根数量，当异氰酸根数量为7.0-7.5时，向反应体系中滴加硅烷偶联剂直至体系中异氰酸根数量为5.0-5.5，接着降温至50-55℃，然后添加抗老化剂，降温过滤得到聚氨酯预聚体，再加入发泡剂，通过吸附水分进行发泡成型，在15-35℃的施工条件下再经过刮涂、固化即形成跑道弹性层。
进一步，施工时涂刮厚度为4.5-5.5mm，固化后跑道弹性层的厚度为7.0-7.5mm。
采用上述技术方案，聚氨酯泡沫通过硅烷偶联剂改性聚氨酯提高发泡效率达到较好的微气囊结构材料。该聚氨酯泡沫的气囊迅速受压横向变形，并挤压弹性壁体，将强大的冲击力迅速分解并转化为复原反向应力，形成迅速的推力；气囊内气体受压所形成的强大反向复原力在外压离开后迅速释放，在壁体作用下复原，从而形成强劲迅速的回弹力，为运动提供最佳的冲击吸收和垂直变形。
本发明的全塑型跑道弹性层经检测结果如下：冲击吸收>37.0％；垂直变形>1.80mm；抗滑值(BPN20℃)>50；拉伸强度>1.10MPa；拉断伸长率>80.0；阻燃性：1级。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步说明。在此需要说明的是，对于这些实施方式的说明用于帮助理解本发明，但并不构成对本发明的限定。此外，下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。
本发明首先要聚醚多元醇先与异氰酸酯反应，然后再把硅烷接枝到异氰酸基团上。如果硅烷偶联剂与聚醚多元醇、异氰酸酯一起反应，那硅烷偶联剂会先与异氰酸酯反应，会直接封端了，制备不出聚氨酯发泡材料。
实施例1
称取上述的18kg聚醚二元醇、12kg聚醚三元醇、33kg滑石粉、10kg氢氧化铝与11kg增塑剂进行高温脱水，然后再与12kg二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯在70℃进行反应，反应4小时，然后检测反应体系中的异氰酸根数量，当异氰酸根数量为7.0时，再向反应体系中滴加1.2kgγ-缩水甘油氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷，测得体系中异氰酸根数量为5.0，再降温至50-55℃，然后添加0.2kg抗老化剂、0.3kg紫外线吸收剂，再降温过滤包装得到聚氨酯；然后在施工时在常温下加入0.3kg二甲醚进行发泡得到所述的聚氨酯泡沫，发泡后分散均匀进行刮涂，涂刮厚度在5.5mm。
实施例2
称取上述的22kg聚醚二元醇、10kg聚醚三元醇、34kg石英粉、10kg氢氧化镁与12kg增塑剂进行高温脱水，然后再与10kg二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯在65℃进行反应，反应4小时，然后检测反应体系中的异氰酸根数量，当异氰酸根数量为7.5时，再向反应体系中滴加0.8kg乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷，测得体系中异氰酸根数量为5.0，再降温至50-55℃，然后添加0.4kg抗氧化剂、0.4kg紫外线吸收剂，再降温过滤包装得到聚氨酯；然后在施工时在常温下加入0.4kg二甲醚进行发泡得到所述的聚氨酯泡沫，发泡后分散均匀进行刮涂，涂刮厚度在5.0mm。
实施例3
称取上述的22kg聚醚二元醇、12kg聚醚三元醇、34kg石英粉、9kg氢氧化铝与9kg增塑剂进行高温脱水，然后再与12kg甲苯异氰酸酯在65℃进行反应，反应3小时，然后检测反应体系中的异氰酸根数量，当异氰酸根数量为7.5时，再向反应体系中滴加0.9kg乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷，测得体系中异氰酸根数量为5.5，再降温至50-55℃，然后添加0.4kg抗氧化剂、0.4kg紫外线吸收剂，再降温过滤包装得到聚氨酯；然后在施工时在常温下加入0.3kg二甲醚进行发泡得到所述的聚氨酯泡沫，发泡后分散均匀进行刮涂，涂刮厚度在4.5mm。
实施例4
称取上述的32kg聚醚三元醇、33kg硅灰粉、6kg氢氧化铝、5kg氢氧化镁与8kg棕榈油进行高温脱水，然后再与14kg甲苯异氰酸酯在65℃进行反应，反应3小时，然后检测反应体系中的异氰酸根数量，当异氰酸根数量为7.5时，再向反应体系中滴加0.5kg乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷，测得体系中异氰酸根数量为5.5，再降温至50-55℃，然后添加0.6kg抗氧化剂，再降温过滤包装得到聚氨酯；然后在施工时在常温下加入0.5kg二甲醚进行发泡得到所述的聚氨酯泡沫，发泡后分散均匀进行刮涂，涂刮厚度在5.5mm。
将实施例1-4所得弹性层制作成全塑型塑胶跑道，然后进行检测，具体测量方法参见GB/T14833-2011，检测结果如下：
表1性能测试数据
从表1中可以看出，实施例1-4所制备的弹性层用于全塑型塑胶跑道完全符合国家标准要求。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种单组份现场发泡成型的全塑型跑道弹性层，其特征在于，按重量百分比计算，由以下原料组成：
其中，所述聚醚多元醇为官能度为2-3的聚醚多元醇；所述异氰酸酯为官能度为2-3的异氰酸酯，所述聚醚多元醇、填料以及增塑剂在与其他原料混合前均需进行高温脱水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的全塑型跑道弹性层，其特征在于，所述异氰酸酯选自二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、甲苯异氰酸酯中任一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的全塑型跑道弹性层，其特征在于，所述填料选自云母粉、滑石粉、硅灰粉或碳酸钙中至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的全塑型跑道弹性层，其特征在于，所述硅烷偶联剂选自乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷或γ-缩水甘油氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷中至少一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的全塑型跑道弹性层，其特征在于，所述增塑剂选自环氧大豆油、棕榈油增塑剂中至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的全塑型跑道弹性层，其特征在于，所述阻燃剂选自氢氧化铝、氢氧化镁中至少一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的全塑型跑道弹性层，其特征在于，所述抗老化剂选自光稳定剂、紫外线吸收剂、抗氧化剂或者水解稳定剂中至少一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述的全塑型跑道弹性层，其特征在于，所述发泡剂为二甲醚。
9.一种权利要求1所述单组份现场发泡成型的全塑型跑道弹性层的制备方法，其特征在于，按比例称取聚醚多元醇、填料、阻燃剂、增塑剂进行脱水，脱水后与异氰酸酯在65-70℃反应，反应3-4小时后检测反应体系中的异氰酸根数量，当异氰酸根数量为7.0-7.5时，向反应体系中滴加硅烷偶联剂直至体系中异氰酸根数量为5.0-5.5，接着降温至50-55℃，然后添加抗老化剂，降温过滤得到聚氨酯预聚体，再加入发泡剂，通过吸附水分进行发泡成型，在15-35℃的施工条件下再经过刮涂、固化即形成跑道弹性层。
10.根据权利要求9所述的全塑型跑道弹性层的制备方法，其特征在于，施工时涂刮厚度为4.5-5.5mm，固化后跑道弹性层的厚度为7.0-7.5mm。
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