CN108058463A - 一种农业用薄膜 - Google Patents

一种农业用薄膜 Download PDF

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CN108058463A
CN108058463A CN201610985655.8A CN201610985655A CN108058463A CN 108058463 A CN108058463 A CN 108058463A CN 201610985655 A CN201610985655 A CN 201610985655A CN 108058463 A CN108058463 A CN 108058463A
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邹杰
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Hubei Green Biological Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种农业用薄膜，包括多层膜，其特征在于：至少一层的外层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚乳酸10‑20 份，聚己内酯10‑20 份，直链低密度聚乙烯20‑30 份，聚丙烯40‑50 份，遮光剂1‑5 份；内层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚丙烯50‑60 份，乙烯‑ 乙酸乙烯酯共聚物15‑25份，低密度聚乙烯30‑40 份。本发明提供的农业用薄膜，可以有效的遮光，使得农作物避免被太阳光太强透射，同时，添加了可降解的材料，提高了薄膜的降解性能，减少了土壤中的残膜与碎片。

Description

一种农业用薄膜
技术领域
本发明属于农业技术领域，主要涉及农业用薄膜。
背景技术
农业用地膜的主要成分为聚乙烯或聚丙烯，是目前世界上生产量最大的塑料制品。农膜的使用有利于作物的生长发育，提高作物产量。然而，农膜使用量的增加及其难降解性使土壤中残膜及其碎片增多，引起土壤板结、通透性变差，造成农作物减产，其难回收性导致其废弃在自然界中，对生态环境危害很大。对于在农业用薄膜大棚内栽培的作物而言，存在若透射的太阳光线过强，会对作物产生灼伤等不良影响的情形。
发明内容
为解决现有技术的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种农业用薄膜，可以起到对农作物遮光的作用，同时具有良好的降解性能。
为了实现上述目标，本发明采用如下的技术方案：
一种农业用薄膜，包括多层膜，其特征在于：至少一层的外层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚乳酸10-20 份，聚己内酯10-20 份，直链低密度聚乙烯20-30 份，聚丙烯40-50 份，遮光剂1-5 份；内层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚丙烯50-60 份，乙烯- 乙酸乙烯酯共聚物15-25 份，低密度聚乙烯30-40 份。
前述外层膜还可以由以下重量份数组成：聚乳酸- 聚己内酯共聚物25-35 份，直链低密度聚乙烯30-40 份，聚丙烯55-65 份，遮光剂1-5 份。
前述遮光剂为二氧化钛或炭黑中的一种。
前述聚乳酸的数均分子量为50000-80000 ；前述聚己内酯的数均分子量为50000-80000 ；前述直链低密度聚乙烯的数均分子量为10000-20000 ；前述聚丙烯 的数均分子量为8500-10000 ；前述低密度聚乙烯的数均分子量为10000-20000。
前述乙烯- 乙酸乙烯酯共聚物中乙酸乙烯酯的质量含量为25 ～ 35%，乙烯- 乙酸乙烯酯共聚物的数均分子量为30000-50000。
前述聚乳酸- 聚己内酯共聚物为无规共聚物，数均分子量为80000-100000。
本发明的有益之处在于：本发明提供的农业用薄膜，可以有效的遮光，使得农作物避免被太阳光太强透射，同时，添加了可降解的材料，提高了薄膜的降解性能，减少了土壤中的残膜与碎片。
具体实施方式
以下结合具体实施例对本发明作具体的介绍。
实施例1-5 和对比例1-2 中，聚乳酸的数均分子量为50000-80000 ；聚己内酯的数均分子量为50000-80000 ；直链低密度聚乙烯的数均分子量为10000-20000 ；聚丙烯的数均分子量为8500-10000 ；乙烯- 乙酸乙烯酯共聚物中乙酸乙烯酯的质量含量为25 ～35%，乙烯- 乙酸乙烯酯共聚物的数均分子量为30000-50000 ；低密度聚乙烯的数均分子量为10000-20000 ；聚乳酸- 聚己内酯共聚物为无规共聚物，数均分子量为80000-100000。
实施例1：
一种农业用薄膜，至少一层的外层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚乳酸10 份，聚己内酯10 份，直链低密度聚乙烯20 份，聚丙烯40 份，二氧化钛2 份；内层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚丙烯50 份，乙烯- 乙酸乙烯酯共聚物15 份，低密度聚乙烯30 份。将外层膜与内层膜分别按配比投料，经挤出，吹胀，牵引后得到各分层膜，再将内外层膜通过热密封机，在受压0.15MPa 条件下加热120℃一段时间后粘结成多层农业用薄膜。
实施例2：
一种农业用薄膜，至少一层的外层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚乳酸15 份，聚己内酯15 份，直链低密度聚乙烯25 份，聚丙烯45 份，二氧化钛5 份；内层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚丙烯55 份，乙烯- 乙酸乙烯酯共聚物20 份，低密度聚乙烯35 份。将外层膜与内层膜分别按配比投料，经挤出，吹胀，牵引后得到各分层膜，再将内外层膜通过热密封机，在受压0.15MPa 条件下加热120℃一段时间后粘结成多层农业用薄膜。
实施例3：
一种农业用薄膜，至少一层的外层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚乳酸20 份，聚己内酯20 份，直链低密度聚乙烯30 份，聚丙烯50 份，炭黑3 份；内层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚丙烯60 份，乙烯- 乙酸乙烯酯共聚物25 份，低密度聚乙烯40 份。将外层膜与内层膜分别按配比投料，经挤出，吹胀，牵引后得到各分层膜，再将内外层膜通过热密封机，在
受压0.15MPa 条件下加热120℃一段时间后粘结成多层农业用薄膜。
实施例4：
一种农业用薄膜，至少一层的外层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚乳酸- 聚己内酯共聚物25份，直链低密度聚乙烯30 份，聚丙烯55 份，二氧化钛4 份；内层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚丙烯56 份，乙烯- 乙酸乙烯酯共聚物22 份，低密度聚乙烯37 份。将外层膜与内层膜分别按配比投料，经挤出，吹胀，牵引后得到各分层膜，再将内外层膜通过热密封机，在受压0.15MPa 条件下加热120℃一段时间后粘结成多层农业用薄膜。
实施例5：
一种农业用薄膜，至少一层的外层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚乳酸- 聚 己内酯共聚物35 份，直链低密度聚乙烯40 份，聚丙烯65 份，炭黑1 份；内层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚丙烯52 份，乙烯- 乙酸乙烯酯共聚物16 份，低密度聚乙烯33 份。将外层膜与内层膜分别按配比投料，经挤出，吹胀，牵引后得到各分层膜，再将内外层膜通过热密封机，
在受压0.15MPa 条件下加热120℃一段时间后粘结成多层农业用薄膜。
对比例1 ：
一种农业用薄膜，至少一层的外层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：直链低密度聚乙烯45份，聚丙烯55 份，二氧化钛3 份；内层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚丙烯52 份，乙烯- 乙酸乙烯酯共聚物18 份，低密度聚乙烯35 份。将外层膜与内层膜分别按配比投料，经挤出，吹胀，牵引后得到各分层膜，再将内外层膜通过热密封机，在受压0.15MPa 条件下加热120℃一段时间后粘结成多层农业用薄膜。
对比例2：一种农业用薄膜，至少一层的外层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚乳酸18 份，聚己内酯18 份，直链低密度聚乙烯26 份，聚丙烯44 份；内层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚丙烯58 份，乙烯- 乙酸乙烯酯共聚物25 份，低密度聚乙烯40 份。将外层膜与内层膜分别按配比投料，经挤出，吹胀，牵引后得到各分层膜，再将内外层膜通过热密封机，在受压0.15MPa 条件下加热120℃一段时间后粘结成多层农业用薄膜。
实施例1-5 和对比例1-2 进行以下测试：
降解实验：将初始薄膜质量记为m1，薄膜埋于土壤中90 天后取出称量，质量记为m2，质量损失率（%）为(m1-m2)/m1 ；
拉伸强度，断裂伸长率：按照ASTMD-882 标准测试；
遮光率：按照透射箱法进行测试。
表1 中列出了实施例1-5 和对比例1-2 的测试结果。
表1 实施例1-5 和对比例1-2 的测试结果
由表1 中可以得知，实施例1-5 保留了良好的力学性能的同时，相对于普通薄膜对比例1，具有了良好的降解性能，有效的降低了残膜量。另外，实施例1-5 与对比例2 相比还具有较好的遮光性能。
以上显示和描述了本发明的基本原理、主要特征和优点。本行业的技术人员应该了解，上述实施例不以任何形式限制本发明，凡采用等同替换或等效变换的方式所获得的技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (6)

1.一种农业用薄膜，包括多层膜，其特征在于：至少一层的外层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚乳酸10-20 份，聚己内酯10-20 份，直链低密度聚乙烯20-30 份，聚丙烯40-50 份，遮光剂1-5 份；内层膜由以下重量份数组分组成：聚丙烯50-60 份，乙烯- 乙酸乙烯酯共聚物15-25 份，低密度聚乙烯30-40 份。
2.根据权利要求1 所述的一种农业用薄膜，其特征在于：所述外层膜还可以由以下重量份数组成：聚乳酸- 聚己内酯共聚物25-35 份，直链低密度聚乙烯30-40 份，聚丙烯55-65份，遮光剂1-5 份。
3.根据权利要求1 或2 所述的一种农业用薄膜，其特征在于：所述遮光剂为二氧化钛或炭黑中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1 或2 所述的一种农业用薄膜，其特征在于：所述聚乳酸的数均分子量为50000-80000 ；所述聚己内酯的数均分子量为50000-80000 ；所述直链低密度聚乙烯的数均分子量为10000-20000 ；所述聚丙烯的数均分子量为8500-10000 ；所述低密度聚乙烯的数均分子量为10000-20000。
5.根据权利要求1 所述的一种农业用薄膜，其特征在于：所述乙烯- 乙酸乙烯酯共聚物中乙酸乙烯酯的质量含量为25~35%，乙烯- 乙酸乙烯酯共聚物的数均分子量为30000-50000。
6.根据权利要求2 所述的一种农业用薄膜，其特征在于：所述聚乳酸- 聚己内酯共聚物为无规共聚物，数均分子量为80000-100000。
CN201610985655.8A 2016-11-09 2016-11-09 一种农业用薄膜 Pending CN108058463A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110205837A (zh) * 2019-05-15 2019-09-06 安徽省思维新型建材有限公司 一种以炭黑为主体的聚氨酯遮阳合成革的制备方法

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110205837A (zh) * 2019-05-15 2019-09-06 安徽省思维新型建材有限公司 一种以炭黑为主体的聚氨酯遮阳合成革的制备方法

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