CN108024497A - Agricultural liquid administration system, method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

It is used to monitor soil property during seeding operation and applies system, the method and apparatus of fertilizer.Various sensors are set in ground engaging member, for monitoring soil property.Liquid conveying system, for inject liquid into by the neighbouring soil of the seed furrow that is formed of seeder row unit trench digging component.

Description

Agricultural liquid administration system, method and apparatus

Background technology

In recent years, as the use of advanced position ad hoc type agricultural application and measuring system is (in so-called " fine agriculture Used in work " practice), add seeder and exist：Determine the spatial variations of soil property, and in view of these changes, are being sowed Change administration of the input using variable (such as depth of planting) and fertilizer and other liquid during operation in place.So And the mechanism for being used to measure soil property existing at present can not effectively local in whole process be operated, or nothing Method input operation (such as：Sowing) while operated.In addition, the business solutions for applicating liquid are included in seed furrow In seed applied on top liquid, and this may cause such as " to burn out " adverse effect of (that is, excessively fertilising) seed etc.Its His liquid application scheme is included in soil surface and opens up independent irrigation canals and ditches (setting is expert between the seed furrow that unit is outputed), and makes Liquid deposition is in single vertical furrow, and this fertilizer that may result in administration cannot be fully utilized.

Therefore, this area needs a kind of for monitoring soil property during countryside tax system is applied and in the seeding operation phase Between effectively applicating liquid method.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the top view of one embodiment of agricultural seeding machine.

Fig. 2 is the side view of one embodiment of seeder row unit.

Fig. 3 schematically shows one embodiment of soil monitoring system.

Fig. 4 A are equipped with the side view of one embodiment of the pressure kind device of multiple pressure kind device sensors, and pressure is shown in figure The installation of kind of device is expert at unit and in seed furrow.

Fig. 4 B are the top views of the pressure kind device in Fig. 4 A.

Fig. 4 C are the rearviews of the pressure kind device of Fig. 4 A.

Fig. 5 is equipped with the side view of another embodiment of the pressure kind device of multiple pressure kind device sensors.

Fig. 6 is the D-D profiles of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is the E-E profiles of Fig. 5.

Fig. 8 is the F-F profiles of Fig. 5.

Fig. 9 is the G-G profiles of Fig. 5.

Figure 10 is the partial cut away side views of the pressure kind device in Fig. 5.

Figure 11 is the view along the direction A of Figure 10.

Figure 12 is the B-B profiles of Figure 10.

Figure 13 is the C-C profiles of Figure 10.

Figure 14 is the enlarged partial sectional view of the pressure kind device in Fig. 5.

Figure 15 is the rearview of another embodiment of the pressure kind device shown in seed furrow.

Figure 16 is the rearview of the still another embodiment of the pressure kind device shown in seed furrow.

Figure 17 is the curve map of reflectivity sensor signal.

Figure 18 is the side view of one embodiment of reference sensor.

Figure 19 A are one embodiment of the instrumentation pressure kind device comprising the fiber optic cables for transporting light to reflectivity sensor Side view.

Figure 19 B are the side views of one embodiment of the instrumentation pressure kind device comprising the fiber optic cables for transporting light to spectrometer Figure.

Figure .20A-20B shows the embodiment of soil data display screen.

Figure .21A-21B shows the embodiment of space diagram screen.

Figure 22 shows one embodiment of sowing data display screen.

Figure 23 is the side view of another embodiment of the reference sensor with instrumentation shank.

Figure 24 is the front view of the reference sensor of Figure 23.

Figure 25 is the side view of another embodiment of pressure kind device.

Figure 26 is the cross-sectional side view of the pressure kind device of Figure 25.

Figure 27 is the side view for the pressure kind device that extrusion is engaged with horizontal ditch.

Figure 28 is the rearview of the pressure kind device of Figure 27.

Figure 29 is the side view of long-range ditch feature sensing system.

Figure 30 is mounted to the side view of another embodiment of the pressure kind device of mounting bracket.

Figure 31 is the perspective view of another embodiment of pressure kind device.

Figure 32 is the side view of the pressure kind device of Figure 31, wherein the alar part main body of pressure kind device and manifold are removed.

Figure 33 is the side view of the pressure kind device of Figure 31.

Figure 34 is the alar part main body of pressure kind device and the perspective view of manifold of Figure 31.

Figure 35 is the rearview of the pressure kind device of Figure 31.

Figure 36 be Figure 31 pressure kind device Figure 33 in A-A profiles.

Figure 37 diagrammatically illustrates another embodiment of soil monitoring system.

Figure 38 is the side view of one embodiment of pressure kind device and schematically shows using control system.

Figure 39 is the partial top view of the pressure kind device of Figure 38.

Figure 40 is the side view of one embodiment of liquid application component.

Figure 41 is the front view of the liquid application component of Figure 40.

Figure 42 is the side view of the liquid application component of Figure 40, and wherein lateral sulcus plough is removed.

Figure 43 is the side view of another embodiment of liquid application component.

Figure 44 is the side view with one embodiment of the matched liquid application component of row unit subframe.

Figure 45 is the side view of the liquid application component of Figure 44, and for the sake of clarity, some components are removed and/or do not show Go out.

Figure 46 is the perspective view of the liquid application component of Figure 44, and for the sake of clarity, some components are removed and/or do not show Go out, and its alar part main body is shown in broken lines.

Figure 47 schematically shows one embodiment of liquid control system.

Figure 48 is the side view of the flow balance valve with the first liquid inlet and second liquid entrance fluid communication.

Figure 49 is the perspective view of manifold, it is shown that passes through fluid path therein.

Figure 50 A are perspective view of the elasticity from one embodiment of valve opening.

Figure 50 B-50C are cross-sectional view of the manifold along the X-X cross sections of Figure 49, it is shown that from another implementation of valve opening Example.

Figure 51 shows the embodiment of the image capture apparatus for row unit.

Figure 52 shows one embodiment of the graphic alphanumeric display for the image that display is captured by the image capture apparatus of Figure 51.

Figure 53 shows one embodiment of row selection course.

Figure 54 A are the left side perspective views of one embodiment of adjacent ditch liquid conveying system.

Figure 54 B are the front perspective views of the adjacent ditch liquid conveying system of Figure 54 A.

Figure 54 C are the side views of the adjacent ditch liquid conveying system of Figure 54 A.

Figure 54 D are the side views of the adjacent ditch liquid conveying system of 54A, neighbour's ditch liquid conveying system away from direct of travel into Back azimuth is set.

Figure 54 E are the side views of another embodiment of the adjacent ditch liquid conveying system with dog-leg-like shape downward extension member Figure.

Figure 55 A are the rear perspectives of another embodiment of adjacent ditch liquid conveying system, wherein, cutter is conveyed with liquid Pipe is integrally formed.

Figure 55 B are the top views of the adjacent ditch liquid conveying system of Figure 55 A.

Figure 56 A are the side views of one embodiment of component, it is shown that installed in the adjacent ditch for closing Figure 54 A in front of ditch component Liquid conveying system.

Figure 56 B are the top views of the component of Figure 56 A.

Figure 57 A are the perspective views of another embodiment of component, it is shown that installed in the mounting bracket for closing ditch component rear On Figure 54 E adjacent ditch liquid conveying system.

Figure 57 B are the top views of the adjacent ditch liquid conveying system of Figure 57 A.

Figure 57 C are the perspective views of another embodiment of mounting bracket, which is used for adjacent ditch liquid delivery system System is installed to the component of Figure 57 A.

Figure 57 D are the component of Figure 57 C and the perspective view of mounting bracket of the part as leveling system.

Embodiment

Deep-controlled and soil monitoring system

Referring now to attached drawing, wherein, identical reference numeral represents identical or consistent component, Fig. 1 in multiple views Show tractor 5, the agricultural tool, such as seeder 10 in tow of tractor 5, it includes being operably supported multiple row units 200 toolbar 14.Preferably, equipment monitor 50 is located in the driver's cabin of tractor 5, and equipment monitor 50 preferably includes Central processing unit (" CPU "), memory and graphic user interface (" GUI ") (for example, touch screen interface).Preferably, it is global Alignment system (" GPS ") receiver 52 is installed on tractor 5.

Fig. 2 is gone to, one embodiment of the row unit 200 shown by it is seeder row unit.Preferably, row unit 200 are pivotally connected to toolbar 14 by parallel rod 216.Preferably, actuator 218 is arranged to be expert on unit 200 and applies Add lifting force and/or lower pressure.Preferably, solenoid valve 390 is in fluid communication with actuator 218, is applied for changing by actuator Lifting force and/or lower pressure.Preferably, trench digging system 234 includes two ditching-disks 244, which rolls peace It is attached to the shank 254 extended downwardly and is arranged to open up V-arrangement ditch 38 in soil 40.A pair of measurement wheel 248 is by a pair of corresponding Measurement wheel arm 260 be pivotally supported.Measurement wheel 248 sets the depth of ditch 38 relative to the height of ditching-disk 244.Depth Adjust rocking bar 268 and limit travelling upwardly for measurement wheel arm 260, so as to limit travelling upwardly for measurement wheel 248.Preferably, The position that depth adjustment actuator 380 is used to change depth adjustment rocking bar 268 is also configured with, and thus changes measurement wheel 248 Highly.Preferably, actuator 380 is linear actuators, it is installed to row unit 200 and is pivotally coupled to rocking bar 268 Upper end.In certain embodiments, depth adjustment actuator 380 is included such as in International Patent Application No. PCT/US2012/ Device disclosed in No. 035585 (" 585 application "), the disclosure of which are incorporated herein by reference herein.Preferably, Be also configured with encoder 382 be used for generate and actuator 380 extend linearly relevant signal.It should be appreciated that when measurement wheel arm 260 with rocking bar 268 when contacting, and extending linearly for actuator 380 is related with the depth of ditch 38.Preferably, lower pressure is configured with to pass Sensor 392 is used for the relevant signal of size for generating the power with being applied by measurement wheel 248 on soil 40；In some embodiments In, lower pressure sensor 392 includes instrumentation pin rod, and rocking bar 268 is pivotally coupled to row unit around the instrumentation pin rod 200.The instrumentation pin rod can be that as disclosed in applicant in U.S. Patent application (application number No.12/522,253) A little instrumentation pin rods, this disclosure are incorporated herein by reference herein.

With continued reference to Fig. 2, it is preferable that be also configured with feed mechanism for seed 230 and be used to deposit in the seed 42 in hopper 226 In ditch 38.Feed mechanism for seed 230 mentioned here can be institute in International Patent Application PCT/US2012/030,192 such as applicant Disclosed feed mechanism for seed, the disclosure of which are incorporated herein by reference herein.For example, by setting seed spout 232 in the future Deposited to from the seed 42 of hopper 226 in ditch 38.In certain embodiments, seed spout 232 is not used, but is substituted with defeated kind of device Seed is delivered in ditch from feed mechanism for seed with a controlled rate, such as U.S. Patent application No.14/347,902 and/or the U.S. it is special Content disclosed in sharp No.8,789,482, two parts of files is incorporated herein by reference herein.In these embodiments, preferably Ground, the stent being configured with as shown in Figure 30 are used for by around the side wall that defeated kind of device extends laterally kind of a device will be pressed to be installed to shank 254 so that pressure kind of a device is arranged on behind defeated kind of device, so as to after defeated kind of device has deposited seed by seed pressing into soil. In certain embodiments, feed mechanism for seed is powered by electric drive 315, which is used to drive the seed in feed mechanism for seed to justify Disk.In further embodiments, driver 315 can include being used for the hydraulic unit driver for driving seed disk.Seed sensor 305 (for example, optics or electromagnetism seed sensor, it is used to generate the signal whether instruction seed passes through) were preferably mounted to defeated kind Pipe 232, and be arranged to send light wave or electromagnetic wave on 42 path of seed.Close trench system 236 and close ditch including one or more Wheel 238, is pivotally coupled to row unit 200 and for closing ditch 38.

Fig. 3 is gone to, deep-controlled and soil monitoring system 300 is shown in figure.Preferably, monitor 50 and and each row The associated parts data communication of unit 200, these components include driver 315, seed sensor 305, gps receiver 52, Lower pressure sensor 392, lower pressure valve 390, depth adjustment actuator 380 and depth actuator encoder 382.In some implementations In example, particularly those each feed mechanism for seeds 230 are not that monitor 50 is also excellent in the embodiment driven by single driver 315 Choosing and 310 data communication of clutch, the clutch 310 are used to be selectively operable feed mechanism for seed 230 is coupled to driver 315。

With continued reference to Fig. 3, it is preferable that monitor 50 and 330 data communication of cellular modem make monitor 50 can be with With 335 data communication of internet, or monitor 50 and the miscellaneous part for making 335 data communication of monitor 50 and internet Data communication.Internet connection can include wireless connection or cellular connection.Preferably, monitor 50 via internet connect from Meteorological data server 340 and soil data server 345 receive data.Preferably, monitor 50 is connected via internet, to Recommendation server (it can be the server identical with meteorological data server 340 and/or soil data server 345) is sent Measurement data (for example, measured value described herein) receives to store from the commending system of storage on the server Agricultural recommendation (for example, sowing is recommended, including：Such as depth of planting, if which kind sowing, in which field sowing, sow Son, or which kind of crop sowed).In certain embodiments, commending system is based on the measurement data renewal provided by monitor 50 Sowing is recommended.

With continued reference to Fig. 3, it is preferable that monitor 50 is also passed with one or more 360 data communications of temperature sensor, temperature Sensor 360 be installed to seeder 10 be used for generate soil with being handled by seeder row unit 200 the related letter of temperature Number.Preferably, monitor 50 and 350 data communication of one or more reflectivity sensors, reflectivity sensor 350, which is installed to, to be broadcast Kind machine 10 signal related for the reflectivity of soil of the generation with being handled by seeder row unit 200.

With reference to Fig. 3, it is preferable that monitor 50 and 370 data communication of one or more conductivity sensors, conductivity sensors Device 370 be installed to seeder 10 be used for generate soil with being handled by seeder row unit 200 the related letter of electrical conductivity Number.

In certain embodiments, first group of reflectivity sensor 350, temperature sensor 360 and conductivity sensor 370 are pacified Pressure kind device 400 is attached to, for measuring reflectivity, temperature and the electrical conductivity of the soil in ditch 38 respectively.In certain embodiments, Two groups of reflectivity sensors 350, temperature sensor 360 and conductivity sensor 370 are mounted to reference sensor component 1800, For measuring the reflectivity of soil, temperature and electrical conductivity respectively, the depth with the sensor on pressure kind device 400 is preferably arranged on Spend different depths.

In certain embodiments, sensor subgroup is via bus 60 (for example, CAN bus) and 50 data communication of monitor. In certain embodiments, the sensor for pressing kind of device 400 and reference sensor component 1800 are installed to equally via bus 60 and prison 50 data communication of visual organ.However, the sensor for being installed to pressure kind device in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, is installed to pressure kind device 400 Sensor and reference sensor component 1800 respectively via the first wireless transmitter 62-1 and the second wireless transmitter 62-2 with 50 data communication of monitor.Wireless transmitter 62 at each row unit, should preferably with single 64 data communication of wireless receiver Wireless receiver 64 again with 50 data communication of monitor.Wireless receiver can be installed to driving for toolbar 14 or tractor 5 Sail in room.

Soil monitoring, seed monitoring and seed press fastening device

Fig. 4 A-4C are gone to, show the embodiment of pressure kind device 400, which has multiple for sensing soil spy The sensor of property.Preferably, pressure kind device 400 includes flexible portion 410, and flexible portion 410 is installed to shank by stent 415 254 and/or seed spout 232.In certain embodiments, stent 415 and United States Patent (USP) No.6, a branch disclosed in 918,342 Frame embodiment is similar, is herein incorporated herein these disclosures by quoting.Preferably, pressure kind device includes pressure kind device main body 490, for being 44 at least partially received in V-arrangement ditch 38 and by 42 pressing of seed to the bottom of ditch.Decline when pressure kind device 400 During into ditch 38, flexible portion 410 preferably promotes pressure kind device main body 490 and ditch resilient engagement.In certain embodiments, flexible part 410 are divided to preferably include outside or inside reinforcement, as disclosed in International Patent Application PCT/US2013/066652, this A little disclosures are incorporated herein by reference herein.In certain embodiments, pressure kind device main body 490 includes detachable portion 492, Preferably, detachable portion 492 slides into is engaged by locking with the remainder of pressure kind device main body.Pressure kind device main body 490 (is preferably wrapped Include the part of pressure kind of the device main body engaged with soil, the part includes detachable portion 492 in certain embodiments) be preferably by (or with hydrophobicity and/or antistick characteristic outer surface or coating) is made in material with hydrophobicity and/or antistick characteristic, for example, With polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) equadag coating and/or including being wherein impregnated with the poly- of hydrophobic material (for example, silicone oil or polyether-ether-ketone) Compound.

With reference to Figure 30, a modification of pressure kind device is shown, which is installed on pressure kind device stent 4000.It is excellent Selection of land, presses kind of device stent 4000 to support the defeated of unit of being expert at for installation into the shank 254 of row unit and by pressure kind device 3000 In the rear position of kind pipe 232 or defeated kind of device.Preferably, pressure kind device 3000 includes pressure kind device main body 3090, pressure kind device main body 3090 pass through 3050 elastic biasing of flexible portion to the bottom of ditch 38.Preferably, pressure kind device 3000 includes top 3070, top 3070 are received in the opening 4080 of pressure kind device stent 4000.Preferably, pressure kind device 3000 includes hook 3015, hook 3015 and branch The wall 4015 of frame engages.It should be appreciated that the engagement of wall and hook prevents pressure kind device to be moved upwards, forward or backward relative to stent It is dynamic, but allow pressure kind device relative to stent slide downward.Preferably, pressure kind device 3000 includes flexible mounting portion 3060, soft Property installation section 3060 has the holding tab 3020 of 3065 knead dough of angled portion rearward at its lower end.In the installation phase Between, it is preferable that user catches flexible portion 3050 and by 3070 insertion opening 4080 of top.Preferably, the size of pressure kind device It is arranged so that flexible mounting portion 3060 is deflected towards flexible portion 3050, Zhi Daobao when by pressure kind device insertion stent Hold tab 3020 and reach opening 4020 in stent rear portion, so as to allow flexible mounting portion 3060 to be back to relaxation (or more Relaxation) state, in this condition, keep 3020 coupling opening 4020 of tab, with against pressure kind of device 3000 relative to stent 4000 to Lower slider.In a preferred embodiment, it is preferable that wall 4015 and opening 4020 are arranged so that when pressure kind device reaches hook 3015 During the position engaged with wall 4015,3020 coupling opening 4020 of tab is kept, can so, after the completion of assembling prevent pressure kind Device is moved up or down relative to stent.The period of kind of device 3000 is pressed removing, it is preferable that user catches flexible portion 3050 simultaneously And pressing angled portion 3065 (for example, with thumb press) so that flexible mounting portion 3060 is inclined towards flexible portion 3050 Turn, so that keeping tab 3020 to be exited from opening 4020, and user is dropped low-pressure sowing device and removed from stent Pressure kind device.It should be appreciated that if dust or residue enter opening 4080, the dust or residual above the top 3070 of pressure kind device Thing is stayed to be fallen downwards by the gap 3080 between flexible portion 3050 and installation section 3060, so during operation Dust or residue would not be accumulated in stent or pressure kind device.

With continued reference to Figure 30, liquid application pipe may remain on pressure kind device 3000 so that (it can be wrapped liquid application pipe Include current divider or other structures feature) end be maintained at the rear end of pressure kind of device, be used to press so as to fulfill by liquid application pipe Liquid is distributed behind kind device.In embodiment shown in Figure 30, the top 3070 of pressure kind device 3000 includes opening 3072, is open 3072 are sized to that liquid application pipe 3171 can be received；Flexible portion 3050 includes suspension hook 3052, the size of suspension hook 3052 It is arranged to releasably hold liquid application pipe；And kind of device main body 3090 is pressed to include inner passage 3092, inner passage 3092 It is sized to that liquid application pipe 3171 can be received.

With continued reference to Figure 30, pressure kind device 3000 can be equipped with any pressure kind device sensor described herein.In this kind of reality Apply in example, stent 4000 includes the installation tab 4010 for being used to support housing (not shown), which is equipped with electronic device or leads Line penetration piece is used for transmission and handled by the data of pressure kind device sensor generation.

It is back to Fig. 4 A to 4C, it is preferable that pressure kind device 400 includes multiple reflectivity sensor 350a, 350b.Preferably, Each reflectivity sensor 350 is the reflectivity for measuring soil.In a preferred embodiment, reflectivity sensor 350 For measuring the soil in ditch 38, the bottom of ditch is preferably located at.Preferably, reflectivity sensor 350 includes being arranged on pressure kind The lens of the bottom of device main body 490, the soil at bottom for engaging ditch 38.In certain embodiments, reflectivity sensor 350 include United States Patent (USP) No.8,204,689 and/or U.S. Provisional Patent Application No.61/824,975 disclosed in embodiment it One, this two parts of files are incorporated herein by reference herein.In various embodiments, reflectivity sensor 350 is used to measure visible Reflection in scope (for example, 400 and/or 600 nanometers), near infrared range (such as 940 nanometers) and/or other infra-red ranges Rate.

Preferably, pressure kind device 400 is equipped with temperature sensor 360.Preferably, the temperature sensor 360 of outfit is used to measure The temperature of soil；In a preferred embodiment, temperature sensor is used to measure the soil in ditch 38, preferably measures the bottom of ditch 38 Soil or the soil close to the bottom of ditch 38.Preferably, temperature sensor 360 includes the (figure of soil engagement tabs 364,366 4B, Fig. 4 C), soil engagement tabs 364,366 are every sides for being sliding engaged ditch 38 when seeder crosses field.It is excellent Selection of land, auricle 364,366 engage at the bottom of ditch 38 or close at bottom with ditch 38.Preferably, auricle 364,366 is by such as The Heat Conduction Material of copper etc is made.Preferably, auricle 364 is fixed to the core 362 being contained in pressure kind device main body 490 simultaneously Communicate with its heat.Preferably, core 362 includes the Heat Conduction Material of such as copper etc.In certain embodiments, core 362 include hollow copper rod.Preferably, core 362 communicates with the hot thermocouple fixed to core.In other implementations In example, temperature sensor 360 can include non-contact temperature sensor, such as infrared thermometer.In certain embodiments, lead to The temperature survey carried out by temperature sensor 360 is crossed, other carried out by system 300 are measured (for example, albedo measurement, electricity Conductance is measured and/or measured from these measurements are derivative) carry out temperature-compensating.Preferably, by consulting temperature compensation value and soil Associated experience look-up table between earth temperature, to realize the adjustment of the temperature compensation type measurement based on temperature.For example, in the soil moisture During more than 10 degrees Celsius, for the albedo measurement at near-infrared wavelength may it is every 1 degree Celsius increase (in some embodiments In, it is to reduce) 1%.

Preferably, pressure kind device includes multiple conductivity sensors 370, and as shown in figs. 4 a-4 c, conductivity sensor 370 can Forward and backward sensor is respectively specified that to add suffix " f " and " r " after mark.It will hereafter continue after using this use Sew the mode of " f " and " r " to identify other forward and backward sensors.Preferably, each conductivity sensor 370 is set simultaneously For measuring the electrical conductivity of soil.In a preferred embodiment, conductivity sensor 370 is used to measure electricity unexpected in ditch 38 Conductance, it is preferable that be the electrical conductivity for measuring the soil at the bottom of ditch 38 or at bottom.Preferably, electrical conductivity passes Sensor 370 includes soil engagement tabs 374,376, and soil engagement tabs 374,376 are to be used to slide when seeder crosses field Every side of ditch 38 is engaged dynamicly.Preferably, auricle 374,376 engages at the bottom of ditch or close at bottom with ditch 38.It is excellent Selection of land, auricle 374,376 are made of the conductive material of such as copper etc.Preferably, auricle 374, which is fixed to, can receive in pressure kind device Core 372 in main body 490 and with its telecommunication.Preferably, core 372 includes the conduction material of such as copper etc Material.In certain embodiments, core 372 includes copper rod.Preferably, core 372 and the electricity fixed to core Lead telecommunication.

In certain embodiments, pressure kind of a device 400 coordinates with system 300, by measure forward conductance rate sensor 370f with Potential between backward conductivity sensor 370f, measurement and the electrical conductivity of the neighbouring soil of ditch 38.In further embodiments, Conductivity sensor 370f, 370r can be arranged on pressure kind device bottom with longitudinally spaced relation, to measure the bottom of seed furrow The electrical conductivity in portion.

In further embodiments, conductivity sensor 370 can include one or more ground handlings or ground contact Device (for example, disk or shank), the device contact soil and be preferably electrically insulated from each other or with another reference voltage electricity Insulation.Preferably, the voltage potential between sensor 370 or between other reference voltages is measured by system 300.Preferably, Voltage potential or another conductivity value is reported to operator derived from voltage potential.Conductivity value can also and GPS The position of report is associated, the spatial variations figure of the electrical conductivity for generating whole field.In this kind of embodiment, conductivity sensors Device can include one or more ditching-disks of seeder row unit, the row cleaning device wheel of seeder row unit, seeder Ground contact shank, ground contact boots, the shank of farming instrument or the disk of farming instrument from the suspension of seeder shank. In some embodiments, the first conductivity sensor can include the component (for example, disk or shank) of the first agriculture row unit, and Second conductivity sensor includes the component (for example, disk or shank) of the second agriculture row unit, can so measure The electrical conductivity of the soil extended laterally between the first and second row units.It should be appreciated that at least one conductance described herein Rate sensor is preferably electrically insulated with another sensor or reference voltage.In one example, in the following manner by electrical conductivity Sensor is installed on equipment (for example, seeder row unit or farming instrument)：Conductivity sensor is installed to electricity first Insulating element is (for example, the portion made of the electrically insulating material of such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride or rubber polymer etc Part), then the electric insulation part is installed on equipment.

With reference to Fig. 4 C, in certain embodiments, pressure kind device 400 coordinates with system 300, passes through the pressure kind device of measurement first 400- The current potential between the conductivity sensor on conductivity sensor and the second pressure kind device 400-2 on 1, respectively measurement have first The electrical conductivity of soil between two row units 200 of the pressure kind devices of pressure kind device 400-1 and second 400-2.In this kind of embodiment, The larger ground engagement electrode that conductivity sensor 370 can include being made of metal or other conductive materials is (for example, pressure Kind device shell).It should be appreciated that any conductivity sensor described herein can measure electrical conductivity by following any combinations： (1) on ground engagement row assembly of elements (for example, pressure kind of a device, row cleaning wheel, ditching-disk, boots, shank, plowshoe, colter or Close on furrow wheel) first probe and with the same ground engagement row assembly of elements of a line unit second probe between；(2) exist On first ground engagement row assembly of elements (for example, pressure kind of a device, row cleaning wheel, ditching-disk, boots, shank, plowshoe, colter or Close on furrow wheel) the first probe and the second ground engagement row assembly of elements on (for example, in pressure kind of a device, row cleaning wheel, trench digging circle Disk, boots, shank, plowshoe, colter are closed on furrow wheel) second probe between；Or (3) connect on the first ground of the first row unit Close on row assembly of elements (for example, pressing kind of a device, row cleaning wheel, ditching-disk, boots, shank, plowshoe, colter or closing on furrow wheel) (for example, in pressure kind device, row cleaning wheel, trench digging circle on second ground engagement row assembly of elements of the first probe and the second row unit Disk, boots, shank, plowshoe, colter are closed on furrow wheel) second probe between.In row unit described in combinations thereof 1 to 3 Either or both can include sowing row unit either another row unit (for example, farming row unit or special measurement row Unit), the sowing row unit or another row unit may be mounted at the front or behind of toolbar.

Reflectivity sensor 350, temperature sensor 360 and conductivity sensor 370 (being referred to as " pressure kind device sensor ") It is preferred that with 50 data communication of monitor.In certain embodiments, pressure kind device sensor is via transceiver (for example, CAN transceiver) With bus 60 and 50 data communication of monitor.In other embodiments, pressure kind of device sensor via wireless transmitter 62-1 (preferably It is installed on pressure kind device) and wireless receiver 64 and 50 data communication of monitor.In certain embodiments, pressure kind device sensor warp By more pin connectors and wireless transmitter 62-1 (or transceiver) telecommunication, more pin connectors include oedoeagus coupler 472 and female end coupler 474, as shown in Figure 4 A.When pressure kind device main body has detachable portion 492, oedoeagus coupler 472 is excellent Choosing is installed to detachable portion, and female end coupler 474 is preferably mounted to the remainder of pressure kind device main body 190.Preferably, Coupler 472,474 is arranged so that connector carries out electricity when detachable portion is slideably mounted into pressure kind device main body and connects Close.

Figure 19 A are gone to, shown pressure kind device 400C is incorporated with fiber optic cables 1900.Preferably, fiber optic cables 1900 are being pressed Terminated at lens 1902 in kind device 400C bottoms.Preferably, fiber optic cables 1900 extend to reflectivity sensor 350a, reflection Rate sensor 350a is preferably installed separately with pressure kind device, such as the other positions that installation is expert on unit 200.In operation, Reflectivity sensor 350a is traveled to via fiber optic cables 1900 from the light of soil (the preferably soil of the bottom of ditch 28) reflection, Reflectivity sensor 350a is measured away from the reflectivity for pressing the soil at kind of the position of device 400C.In other implementations In example, such as the pressure kind device 400D shown in Figure 19 B, fiber optic cables extend to spectrometer 373, and spectrometer 373 is used for from soil The light of earth transmission is analyzed.Preferably, spectrometer 373 is for analyzing the reflectivity of various wavelength.Preferably, divide Photometry 373 and 50 data communication of monitor.Preferably, spectrometer 373 includes fiber spectrometer, as an example, optical fiber point Photometry can be the model bought from the Ocean Optics (Ocean Optics, Inc.) of Florida State Dunedin The fiber spectrometer of USB4000.In pressure kind device 400C and pressure kind device 400D, the pressure kind device stent 415A of modification is preferably used to Optical fiber cable 1900.

Figure 25-26 are gone to, shown structure is another pressure kind device 2500.Pressure kind device 2500 includes having installation section 2520 Top 2510.Preferably, by being included in the inner cavity 2540 of installation section made of the material harder than installation section Strengthen plug-in unit, installation section 2520 is reinforced (for example, be made of plastics and strengthen plug-in unit can be by gold for installation section Category is made).Preferably, installation section 2520 includes installation tab 2526,2528, for pressure kind device 2500 to be releasedly attached On stent on to row unit.Preferably, installation section 2520 includes hold-down hook 2522,2524, for by liquid application conduit (for example, flexible pipe) (not shown) is attached to pressure kind device 2500.Preferably, top 2510 includes inner cavity 2512, inner cavity 2512 It is sized to that liquid application conduit can be received.Preferably, inner cavity 2512 includes rear portion perforate, and liquid application conduit extends through The rear portion perforate, to distribute liquid behind pressure kind device 2500.It should be appreciated that multiple liquid conduits can be inserted into inner cavity In 2512.In addition, the terminal in one or more conduits is also provided with nozzle, so as to being applied in behind pressure kind device 2500 Ditch in liquid flow redirect and/or shunt.

Preferably, pressure kind device 2500 further includes the ground engaging portions 2530 for being installed to top 2510.Ground engaging portions 2530 can be removably attached to top 2510.As shown in the figure, ground engaging portions are installed to by threaded screw 2560 Portion, but in further embodiments, ground engaging portions can be mounted and dismounted in the case of without using instrument, Such as pass through slit-channel layout.Ground engaging portions 2530 can also be permanently mounted to top 2510 (for example, by making Screw 2560 is replaced with rivet, or by the way that top is molded into ground engaging portions).Preferably, ground engaging portions 2530 It is made of the material (such as metal, such as stainless steel or hardening galvanized iron) that wearability is had more than plastics, wear-resistant coating can be included (or non-sticking lining as described herein), and anti-wear component (such as tungsten carbide inserts) can be included.

Preferably, ground engaging portions 2530 include be used for detect ditch characteristic (for example, soil moisture, the soil organism, The soil moisture, seed whether there is, seed spacing, seed pressing rate, pedo relict thing whether there is) sensor, such as instead Rate sensor 2590 is penetrated, is preferably received in the cavity 2532 of ground engaging portions.Preferably, reflectivity sensor 2590 wraps Sensor circuit board 2596 is included, sensor circuit board 2596, which has, to be used to receive the reflection from ditch by transparent window 2592 The sensor of light.Preferably, transparent window 2592 is mounted to be engaged with ground the lower surface of part and flushes, so that soil meeting In form flowing underneath without being gathered on form or along the edge of window.Preferably, electrical connector 2594 will sense Device circuit board 2596 is connected to conducting wire or bus (not shown), so that sensor circuit board and monitor 50 are into row data communication.

Fig. 5-14 are gone to, shown structure is another pressure kind device 500.Preferably, flexible portion 504 is additionally provided with to be used for pressure In 520 elasticity press-in seed furrow 38 of kind device main body.Preferably, as described in the application of ' 585, installation lug 514,515 is releasedly Flexible portion 504 is connected to pressure kind device stent 415.

Preferably, liquid (for example, liquid fertilizer) is transported to outlet 507 by flexible liquid conduit 506 from fluid supply, so as to It is deposited in ditch 38 or near it.As shown in Figure 10, it is preferable that conduit 506 is extended through between outlet 507 and accessory 529 Pressure kind device main body 520, the preferably restricted conduit 506 of accessory 529 are slided relative to pressure kind device main body 520.The part conduit can be with The perforate formed in pressure kind device main body 520 is extended across, or (as shown in the figure) passes through and led to by what removable cover 530 covered Road.Preferably, lid 530 is engaged by hook-type tab 532 with the side wall 522,524 (Figure 11) of pressure kind device main body 520.Preferably, Except lid 530 is maintained in pressure kind device main body 520, hook-type tab 532 can also keep side wall 522,524 will not outside warpage. Preferably, it can also set screw 533 (Figure 10) that lid 530 is maintained in pressure kind device main body 520.

With reference to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, it is preferable that conduit 506 remains to pressure by hold-down hook 508,509 and installation lug 514,515 The flexible portion 504 of kind device 500.Preferably, conduit 506 is respectively by the arm 512 of hold-down hook 508,509,513 elastic clampings.Ginseng According to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, it is preferable that conduit 506 is received in the slit 516,517 of installation tab 514,515 respectively.

Preferably, harness 505 includes one or more conducting wire, and the conducting wire and pressure kind device sensor electricity described below are logical Letter.Preferably, harness 505 is received in the slit 510,511 of hold-down hook 508,509, and is maintained at appropriate by conduit 506 Position.Preferably, harness 505 is clamped by the slit 518,519 of installation tab 514,515 respectively.Preferably, harness 505 squeezes through The elastic opening of each slit 518,519, and elastic opening returns back to appropriate location, so allows for slit and keeps harness 505, unless harness is forced to remove.

In certain embodiments, the nethermost ditch bonding part of pressure kind device 500 includes plate 540.Plate 540 can be included not With the different material of material and/or characteristic with the remainder from pressure kind of device main body 520.For example, plate 540 can have Than the hardness of the remainder bigger of pressure kind device main body 520, and powdered-metal can be included.In certain embodiments, entirely Pressure kind device main body 520 is made of relatively hard material, such as powdered-metal.In erection stage, plate 540 is installed to pressure kind device The remainder of main body 520 by the bar 592 fixed to plate 540 and by snap ring 594 (for example, be fixed to pressure kind device main body Remainder).It should be appreciated that plate removedly can install or be permanently mounted to the remainder of pressure kind device main body.

With reference to Figure 10,12 and 13, it is preferable that pressure kind device 500 is configured to removedly receive reflectivity sensor 350 In cavity 527 in pressure kind device main body 520.In a preferred embodiment, by the way that reflectivity sensor 350 is slipped into cavity Until flexible tabs 525,523 (Figure 13) click into place in 527, by reflectivity sensor 350 be secured in place until Flexible tabs bend away from the route for removing reflectivity sensor, so that reflectivity sensor 350 removedly be installed In pressure kind device 500.Reflectivity sensor 350 can be configured to perform the reflectivity of the pressure kind device 400 above with respect to Fig. 4 A-4C Any measurement that sensor 350 describes.Preferably, reflectivity sensor 350 include circuit board 580 (in certain embodiments for Overmolded printed circuit board (PCB)).Preferably, reflectivity sensor 350 detection through lens 550 light, lens 550 have with Press kind of the coextensive lower surface in the surrounding lower surface of device main body 520, so that soil and seeds will not be dragged by lens 550 It is dynamic.In the embodiment with plate 540, the basal surface of lens 550 is preferably coextensive with the basal surface of plate 540.Preferably, thoroughly Mirror 550 is preferably transparent material, such as sapphire.Preferably, the interface between circuit board 580 and lens 550 is protected, Against the influence of dust and chip.In the shown embodiment, interface is protected by sealing ring 552 (Figure 12), and in other realities Apply in example, which is protected by perfusion compound.In a preferred embodiment, when equipped with reflectivity sensor 350, lens 550 are installed to circuit board 580 and slide into the lowest surface of pressure kind device main body 520 (and/or plate 540).In this kind of implementation In example, it is preferable that reflectivity sensor is locked to lens 550 and pressure kind device main body 520 by flexible tabs 523,525 (Figure 13) The coextensive place of lowest surface.

With reference to Figure 10 and Figure 14, it is preferable that pressure kind device 500 includes temperature sensor 360.Preferably, temperature sensor 360 Including probe 560.Preferably, probe 560 includes heat conducting bar (for example, copper bar), which crosses overvoltage kind device main body 500 simultaneously And its both ends extends to from pressure kind device main body 500 and is in contact with the both sides of ditch 38.Preferably, temperature sensor 360 further includes solid The fixed resistance temperature detector (" RTD ") 564 to (for example, being threaded into hole) probe 560.Preferably, RTD draws via electricity Line 585 and 580 telecommunication of circuit board.Circuit board 580 is preferably used to processing reflectivity and measured temperature, and preferably with harness 505 telecommunications.In the remainder of plate 540 and/or pressure kind device main body 520 includes the embodiment of Heat Conduction Material, preferably adopt With the support of insulating materials 562 probe 560 so that the temperature change in probe is influenced minimum by with pressure kind device body contact. In this kind of embodiment, it is preferable that probe 560 is mainly surrounded by the air in 520 inside of pressure kind device main body, and preferably, absolutely Edge material 562 (or pressure kind device main body) is minimum with the contact surface area of probe.In certain embodiments, insulating materials includes all Such as polystyrene or the low conductance plastics of polypropylene.

Figure 15 is gone to, shown structure is the pressure kind device 400A with multiple reflectivity sensors 350.Reflectivity sensor 350c, 350d and 350e be respectively used to measurement at the bottom of ditch 38 and its neighbouring region 352c, 352d and 352e reflection Rate.Preferably, region 352c, 352d forms the region being generally connected with 352e, which preferably wraps Contain seed and fall under gravity into ditch afterwards by the whole of the ditch of stop or substantially whole part.In other implementations In example, multiple temperature and/or conductivity sensor are arranged to measure larger region, preferably substantially connected region.

Figure 16 is gone to, shown structure is another pressure kind device 400B, and pressure kind device 400B has multiple reflectivity sensors 350, For being measured at the either side at the different depth in ditch.Reflectivity sensor 350f, 350k are used to measure ditch 38 At top or near top reflectivity.Reflectivity sensor 350h, 350i are used to measure at the bottom of ditch 38 or bottom Neighbouring reflectivity.Reflectivity sensor 350g, 350j are used to measure at the intermediate depth of ditch 38 (for example, the half in ditch is deep At degree) reflectivity.It should be appreciated that in order to carry out effective soil surveying, it is necessary to change in the depth of the intermediate depth of ditch The shape of pressure kind of device so that the side wall of pressure kind device at the intermediate depth of ditch and ditch engagement sides.Also, it is to be understood that it is Effective soil surveying is carried out in the depth of the near top (that is, at soil surface 40 or near it) of ditch, it is necessary to The shape of modification pressure kind of device so that the side wall of pressure kind device the top of ditch or its nearby and ditch engagement sides.In other realities Apply in example, be provided with multiple temperature and/or conductivity sensor is respectively used to the soil of multiple depths in measurement ditch 38 Temperature and/or electrical conductivity.

System 300 as described above, in certain embodiments, second group of reflectivity sensor 350, temperature sensor 360 Become reference sensor with conductivity sensor 370.Figure 18 shows the embodiment of a reference sensor 1800, equipped with one Component is used to open up ditch 39, and the pressure kind device 400 with pressure kind device sensor is flexibly joined in ditch 39, to detect the bottom of ditch 39 The soil characteristic in portion.Preferably, ditch 39 is in shallower depth (for example, between 1/8 to 1/2 inch) or deeper depth Spend (for example, between 3 to 5 inches).Preferably, which is opened up by a pair of of ditching-disk 1830-1,1830-2, ditching-disk 1830-1,1830-2 are used to open up V-arrangement ditch in soil 40 and rotate around lower part wheel hub 1834.Preferably, the depth of ditch By around rotating one or more 1820 settings of measurement wheel of top wheel hub 1822.Preferably, top wheel hub and lower part wheel hub are consolidated Dingan County is attached to shank 1840.Preferably, pressure kind device is by pressing kind of a device stent 1845 to be installed to shank 1840.Preferably, shank 1840 are installed to toolbar 14.In certain embodiments, shank 1840 is installed to toolbar 14 by parallel arm assembly 1810, is Move vertically relative to toolbar.In this kind of embodiment, shank by adjustable springs 1812, (or apply by other lower pressure Add device) towards soil elastic biasing.In an illustrated embodiment, shank 1840 is installed on the front of toolbar 14.In other realities Apply in example, shank may be mounted at 14 rear of toolbar.In further embodiments, it is single can be installed to row for pressure kind device 400 First shank 254, close on ditch wheel assembly or row cleaner assembly.

With reference to Figure 23 and Figure 24, shown structure is the reference sensor 1800A of another embodiment, reference sensor 1800A includes instrumentation shank 1840A.Preferably, reference sensor 350u, 350m, 350l is arranged on shank 1840A lower ends On, and for be respectively used on the side wall of contact ditch 39 positioned at the top of ditch or near top, ditch intermediate depth at, ditch Bottom or bottom near soil.Shank 1840A is extended in ditch and is preferably had an angled surface 1842, reference Sensor 350 is installed on the angled surface 1842.Preferably, the angle on surface 1842 is parallel with the side wall of ditch 39.

Data processing and display

Going to Figure 20 A-20B, it is preferable that monitor 50 is used to show the soil data screen 2000 for including multiple forms, The display of these forms (utilizes numeral or base using the soil data that any pressure kind device as described herein and related sensor are collected In the expression of legend).Preferably, the soil data in each form corresponds to by the sensing for being installed on pressure kind device on pressure kind device Device and/or reference sensor 1800, the current measurement value of 1800A measurements.In certain embodiments, the soil number in some forms According to the average measurement value that can correspond on previous time form or on previous travel distance.In certain embodiments, it is some Soil data in form corresponds to the average value of multiple sensors on seeder；In these embodiments, the form is also excellent Choosing identification measures the row of minimum value and/or maximum, and is shown in the minimum value and/or maximum of row measurement.

Preferably, carbon content form 2005 shows the estimate of soil carbon content.Preferably, the estimate of the carbon content is Based on the electrical conductivity measured by conductivity sensor 370 (for example, being associated using by electrical conductivity with the percent carbon content estimated Empirical relation or experience look-up table).Preferably, form 2005 also shows the electrical conductivity measured by conductivity sensor 370.

Preferably, organic matter form 2010 shows the estimate of soil organic matter content.Preferably, the content of organic matter Estimate be based on the one or more wavelength measured by reflectivity sensor 350 reflectivity (for example, using by one or Reflectivity and the empirical relation or experience look-up table of the organic matter percentages of estimation at multiple wavelength).

Preferably, soil constituent form 2015 shows a small amount of existing one or more soil constituents (for example, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium And carbon) estimate.Preferably, each soil constituent estimate is based on one or more measured by reflectivity sensor 350 Reflectivity at a wavelength is (for example, use estimating soil constituent existing for the reflectivity at one or more wavelength and part The empirical relation or experience look-up table that evaluation is associated).In some embodiments it may be preferred that soil constituent estimate is base Determined in the one or more signals generated by spectrometer 373.In certain embodiments, form 2015 also show soil carbon and Ratio between nitrogen component.

Preferably, humidity form 2020 shows the estimate of soil moisture.Preferably, humidity estimate is based on by reflecting The reflectivity at one or more wavelength (for example, 930 or 940 nanometers) place that rate sensor 350 measures, for example, using by one The empirical relation or experience look-up table that reflectivity at a or multiple wavelength is associated with humidity estimate.In some embodiments In, such as U.S. Provisional Patent Application 61/824, humidity measurements are determined as disclosed in 975.

Preferably, temperature window 2025 shows soil moisture estimate.Preferably, Temperature estimate value be based on by one or The signal that multiple temperature sensors 350 generate.

Preferably, depth form 2030 shows that current depth is set.Preferably, monitor 50 also allows users to remotely Actuating row unit 200 reaches the trench depth of needs, should as disclosed in international patent application No.PCT/US2014/029352 Disclosure is incorporated herein by reference herein.

Reflectivity changes form 2040 (Figure 20 B) may be displayed on during threshold period (for example, previous 30 seconds) or The statistics reflectivity changes on threshold distance (for example, first 30 feet) that equipment is advanced.Statistics reflectivity changes can include Any function of reflectivity signals (for example, being generated by each reflectivity sensor 350), the variance of such as reflectivity signals or Standard deviation.In addition, monitor 50 can show the expression of prediction agronomy result (for example, plant based on reflectivity changes value The percentage that success is emerged).For example, reflectivity generation value can be used for reflectance value with predict plant emergence it is associated The database of experience generation is (for example, being stored in the memory of equipment monitor 50 or being stored in and equipment monitor data Update on the remote server of communication and on it) in search the plant emergence value of prediction.

Preferably, each form of soil data summary screens 2000 show all row units (" OK ") for measuring with And alternatively it is worth the average value of the row unit of maximum and/or minimum, and the value associated with one or more row units.It is excellent Selection of land, selection (for example, click on or touch) each form show that the form of each row unit with measuring is associated Independent (line by line) value of data.

Go to Figure 21 A, it is preferable that monitor 50 is used to show one or more mapping graph form 2100A, is regarded in mapping graph In window 2100A, multiple soil datas, measured value and/or estimate represent that each block is each by block 2122,2124,2126 Its corresponding measured value is positioned to 2112, the 2114,2116 (legend of scope fallen into the measured value with color or pattern 2110A).Preferably, mapping graph form 2100A is directed to each soil data shown on soil data screen 2000, measurement Value and/or estimate generation and display, the form preferably include carbon content, electrical conductivity, organic matter, soil constituent (including nitrogen, phosphorus And potassium), humidity and the soil moisture.

Figure 21 B show another mapping graph form 2100B, wherein display space reflection rate change mapping graph on Spatially show reflectivity changes.As in foregoing mapping graph form 2100A, in mapping graph form 2100B, field area Domain can be with being represented by color or the pattern figure associated with the subset 2112,2114,2116 of legend 2110B respectively 2122nd, 2124,2126 (for example, pixel or blocks) are associated.These subsets can correspond to the number range of reflectivity changes. Subset can be named according to the associated agronomy index of reflectivity changes scope empirical formula.For example, it is being not previously predicted out It is good that reflectivity changes below the first threshold of seedling failure, which can mark, "；Between first threshold and second threshold The emergence failure that reflectivity changes are predicted is unacceptable on agronomy (for example, the influence to yield can exceed that yield Threshold value) this reflectivity changes can mark is acceptable ", the reflectivity changes at second threshold can be marked as prediction Emerge bad ".

Go to Figure 22, it is preferable that monitor 50 is used to show and includes by seed sensor 305 and/or reflectivity sensor One or more sowing data forms of the sowing data of 350 measurements.Preferably, form 2205 display be based on from optics (or Person's electromagnetism) seed sensor 305 seed pulse calculate good distance values.Preferably, the display of form 2210 is based on coming from The good distance values of the seed pulse of reflectivity sensor 350.With reference to Figure 17, the seed pulse in reflectivity signals 1500 1502 can be by being identified more than with the seed below pressure kind device by the reflectivity levels of associated threshold value T.Each kind The time of subpulse 1502 can be established as the midpoint of each cycle P between the first and second crosspoints of threshold value T.Once know The time (whether from seed sensor 305 or from reflectivity sensor 350) of other seed pulse, the seed pulse time is excellent It is selected to calculate such as U.S. Patent application No.13/752, the good distance values disclosed in 031 (" application of ' 031 "), the disclosure Content is incorporated herein by reference.In certain embodiments, in addition to good spacing, disclosed in the application of ' 031 Method calculates other seeds sowing information (including for example, density, separating degree, is omitted and more times) and includes it in screen On 2200.In certain embodiments, identical wavelength (and/or identical reflectivity sensor 350) is used for humidity and other soil The Seed inspection of earth DATA REASONING.In certain embodiments, wavelength is about 940 nanometers.Reflectivity signals 1500 are being used for kind In the case of son detection and soil surveying (for example, humidity), the signal section (for example, cycle P) for being identified as seed pulse is excellent Choosing, which is not used in, calculates soil surveying value.For example, it may be assumed that the signal during each cycle P is an immediately proceeding at before cycle P and it The line between time afterwards, or in further embodiments, can be assumed to not fall within any seed pulse cycle P The average value of the signal during first 30 seconds of interior signal.In certain embodiments, screen 2200 also show based on seed The good distance values or other sowing information that sensor pulse determines and the identical letter determined based on reflectivity sensor pulse Percentage or absolute difference between breath.

In certain embodiments, it is associated by optionally measuring one or more characteristics of the seed with being sowed Reflectivity at one or more wavelength, improves seed sensing.In this kind of embodiment, system 300 prompts operator to select to make Thing, another feature for planting subtype, seed hybridization, seed treatment and/or seed to be sowed.It is preferably based on by operating Member selection one or more seed characteristics or characteristic, selection wherein measure reflectivity with identify the one of seed pulse or Multiple wavelength.

In certain embodiments, based on being generated by optics or electromagnetism seed sensor 305 and reflectivity sensor 350 Seed pulse signal calculates " good spacing " value.

In some such embodiments, " good spacing " value of row unit is based on the reflectivity associated with row unit The seed pulse that sensor 350 generates, the wherein seed pulse are based on being generated in same a line unit by optics seed sensor 305 Signal be filtered.For example, confidence value can be associated (example with each seed pulse generated by optics seed sensor Such as, it is directly related with the amplitude of optics seed sensor seed pulse).It is then possible to repaiied based on optics seed sensor signal Change confidence value (if for example, in the threshold period before reflectivity sensor seed pulse at optics seed sensor It was observed that seed pulse, then increase confidence value, and if in the threshold period before reflectivity sensor seed pulse Seed pulse is not observed at optics seed sensor, then reduces confidence value).If the confidence value of modification exceedes threshold Value, then identify by seed pulse and be stored as seed and place.

In other such embodiments, " good spacing " value of row unit is based on the optics kind associated with row unit The seed pulse that sub- sensor 305 generates, the wherein seed pulse are based on being generated in same a line unit by reflectivity sensor 350 Signal be filtered.For example, the seed pulse generated by optics seed sensor 305 can with by reflectivity sensor 350 The time correlation connection of next seed pulse of generation.If the threshold after the seed pulse generated by seed sensor 305 It is worth time internal reflection rate sensor 350 without generation seed pulse, then the seed pulse that seed sensor 305 generates can be by Ignore (if for example, the confidence value associated with seed sensor seed pulse is below threshold value), or pass through reflectivity Average time delay between sensor seed pulse and seed sensor seed pulse come adjust (for example, last 10,100 or The average delay of 300 seeds of person).

In addition to showing the sowing information of such as good distance values etc, in certain embodiments, measured kind Subpulse can be used for measuring the sedimentation time of liquid and other crops in ditch and put into measure time of application so that administration Crop input acts on as needed on seed and seed adjacent place or between seed.In some such embodiments, Seed is identified in the signal 1500 from the reflectivity sensor 350 associated with same a line unit 200 of liquid application valve After pulse 1502, selectively allow for liquid from the liquid application valve of the outlet 507 of liquid conduits 506 outflow by of short duration opening threshold It is worth the time (for example, 0s, 1ms, 10ms, 100ms or 1s).

The signal generated by reflectivity sensor, which can also be used to identify in seed furrow, whether there is crop residues (example Such as, grain straw).Reflectivity in the wave-length coverage (for example, 560 and 580nm between) associated with crop residues In the case of threshold value, it is preferable that system 300 determines that there are crop residues in the ditch at the position that current GPS is reported. Then the spatial variations of residue can be mapped and be shown to user.In addition, supplied to row cleaner assembly (for example, such as U.S. This is incorporated herein by reference in state patent No.8, the pressure control type row cleaner disclosed in 550,020, the disclosure Text) downward pressure, can be automatically adjusted in response to the identification to residue by system 300 or be adjusted by user.One In a example, system can be present in the instruction in seed furrow, order and row cleaner downward pressure in response to crop residues The valve increase 5psi that actuator is associated.Similarly, the instruction that crop residues are present in seed furrow is may also respond to, Adjusted by system 300 or operator and close pressure actuator under furrow wheel.

In certain embodiments, the width of the seed pulse cycle P based on reflectivity determines the direction of each seed. In this kind of embodiment, the cycle pulse longer than threshold value (absolute threshold or the threshold percentage beyond Average pulse period) It is sorted in first category, and the cycle pulse more shorter than threshold value is sorted in second category.Preferably, the first and second classification Corresponding to the first and second seed directions.It can show and be fallen into first 30 seconds of first and/or second category on screen 2200 Seed percentage.Preferably, spatially the direction of each seed is mapped using the gps coordinate of seed so that Can during search operation by bion performance compared with seed direction.

In certain embodiments, the presence of the seed pulse based on the identification generated by reflectivity sensor 350 or not There are the situation that situation determines seed-soil contact.For example, produce seed pulse and in light in optics seed sensor 305 In the case of the no generation seed pulse of threshold time internal reflection rate sensor 350 after seed sensor seed pulse, It is preferred that storage " bad " seed-soil contact value and by its with it is expected reflectivity sensor seed pulse position it is associated.It is logical Cross on the number of thresholds of the seed of sowing, the distance of traveling or elapsed time and compare with the contact of " bad " seed soil Seed amount, can be that a line or multirow generate seed-soil and contact index.Monitor 50 be may then pass through to operator It is reported in a line or multirow of threshold value seed presented below-soil contact of index.Connect furthermore, it is possible to map seed-soil Tactile spatial variations simultaneously display it to user.Furthermore, it is possible to time cycle or seed amount before being shown in operator The standard of the percentage of the upper seed (for example, seed of the seed without " bad "-soil contact) for representing pressing.

Figure 29 is gone to, in certain embodiments, row unit 200 further includes ditch condition sensing system 2900.Preferably, ditch bar Part sensing system 2900 include be arranged to measure ditch 38 (for example, bottom of ditch) characteristic (for example, reflectivity, humidity, temperature, There are situation there are situation, residue for seed) sensor 2910.Preferably, sensor 2910 includes being used to remotely measure ditch The sensor of characteristic (for example, not contacting soil).Preferably, sensor 2910 is arranged on above soil surface (for example, in bottom of trench Above portion and preferably in ditch over top).Sensor 2910 can include reflectivity sensor.Preferably, ditch condition senses System 2900 further includes the light source 2920 (for example, LED) for illuminating ditch 28.In certain embodiments, configuration light source 2920 is used The intensity and/or wavelength being illuminated in change ditch.Preferably, sensor 2910 and light source 2920 are disposed longitudinally on pressure kind device 400 The front of trench system 236 is closed at rear and being disposed longitudinally on.Preferably, sensor 2910 and light source 2920 are horizontally installed on ditch 38 Between transverse edge.Preferably, the supporting item 2930 that sensor 2910 and light source 2920 pass through the frame pendency from row unit 200 It is suspended on its optimum position.Preferably, sensor 2910 and light source 2920 and 50 data communication of seeder monitor, to transmit life Order and measurement data.

Side projection embodiment

Figure 27 and Figure 28 are gone to, shows the embodiment of another pressure kind device 2700, wherein, pressure kind device 2700 connects including ditch Close protuberance or " alar part " 2730.Preferably, alar part 2730-1,2730-2 is separately positioned on the left side and the right side of pressure kind device 2700 Side.Alar part 2730 can install (for example, being arranged by tongue-and-groove) and is preferably provided to pressure kind device main body, alar part 2730 with pressure kind Device moves longitudinally through tap drain 38, opens up the lateral sulcus 37 (Figure 28) extended laterally in the soil so that tap drain 38 to the left and Right side includes two lateral sulcus 37-1,37-2 extended laterally.Preferably, each alar part relative to horizontal direction with wing angle (for example, 10 degree to 30 degree) arrangement so that alar part rear end is higher than alar part front end.Preferably, each alar part has a upper surface, the upper surface It is preferred that set with wing angle.Preferably, alar part 2730 is arranged to keep the basal surface and tap drain 38 of pressure kind device main body 2710 Bottom contacts, for example, by transmitting downward vertical force from soil to pressure kind device main body.Downward vertical force can pass through alar part 2730 cutting action is formed (for example, downward vertical force can be moved to alar part from the lower front part of alar part by soil The rear end of higher formed).

Alar part 2730 can be by being made from the pressure kind identical material of device main body 2710 or different materials.Alar part 2730 can Such as metal is either made (for example, stainless steel or hardening are white by the material that wearability is had more than plastics to be made of plastics Iron), wear-resistant coating (or non-sticking lining as described herein) can be included, anti-wear component can be included, such as tungsten carbide is inserted Enter part.

Preferably, each alar part 2730 includes sensor 2732.In certain embodiments, sensor is arranged on alar part 2730 upper surface, as shown in figure 27.In other embodiments, sensor can be arranged on the front end or lower surface of alar part. Sensor 2732 can be conductivity sensor (for example, one or more conductivity probes), temperature sensor (for example, one Or multiple thermocouple probes), humidity sensor (for example, reflectivity sensor), organic matter sensor (for example, reflectivity sense Device), pH sensors (for example, reflectivity sensor), residue sensor (for example, reflectivity sensor) or seed sensor (for example, reflectivity sensor).

Preferably, each alar part 2730 includes fluid outlet 2734.Preferably, fluid outlet 2734 and fluid source (for example, Include the fertilizer of quick-acting initiators, include the fertilizer of nitrogen, pesticide or herbicide) it is in fluid communication.Fluid outlet 2734 can be through By the inner passage formed in alar part and/or pressure kind device main body and fluid fluid communication, wherein, inner passage is supplied with liquid Fluid communication is answered, so that pressure kind device 2700 be positioned to and fluid fluid communication.Fluid source may be mounted at row unit, work Tool column, seeder other positions, individually pull a cart or tractor on.In an illustrated embodiment, fluid outlet 2734 is formed At the lateral end of alar part 2730.In other embodiments, fluid outlet 2734 can be formed in the transverse direction of alar part 2730 Between at part or at neighbouring pressure kind device main body 2710.In an illustrated embodiment, fluid outlet 2734 is formed in alar part 2730 Lower surface, and be arranged in a generally downward direction (for example, perpendicular to alar part lower surface) distribution fluid.In other implementations In example, fluid outlet 2734 can be formed in the external distal side tip of alar part 2730 and be formed, and be arranged along outside To distribution fluid.In other embodiments, fluid outlet 2734 can be formed in 2730 upper surface of alar part, and be arranged to big Cause upwardly direction (for example, perpendicular to alar part upper surface) distribution fluid.Preferably, fluid outlet 2734 and pressure kind device main body 2710 transverse center is spaced laterally apart a distance, which puts Put the seed in ditch bottom.For example, fluid outlet 2734 can be spaced laterally apart 0.5 English with the transverse center of pressure kind device main body 2710 The distance of very little to 3 inches (13 millimeters to 76 millimeters), for example, 1 inch (25 millimeters), 1.5 inches (38 millimeters) or 2.5 inches (64 millimeters).

It should be appreciated that pressure kind device 2700 can also include other sensors described herein, for example, those are arranged on pressure The sensor of 2710 bottom of kind device main body.

Figure 31-36 are gone to, shown structure is another pressure kind device 3100, and pressure kind device 3100 has the side wall being used in seed furrow Form the alar part 3132 of opening and the injection needle for liquid (for example, fertilizer of such as nitrogen etc) being injected into opening 3150。

Preferably, pressure kind device main body 3110 includes flexible portion 3112, for being pressed when pressure kind device 3100 crosses soil The afterbody 3114 of kind device main body maintains downward elastic force.Preferably, ground engaging portions 3120 be installed to afterbody 3114 and Preferably, be arranged to engage ditch and bottom of trench by seed pressing into soil.Preferably, left and right alar part 3132-1,3132-2 From pressure kind device 3100, (for example, with a vertical angle σ, as shown in figure 35) extends at a downward angle with injection needle 3150. Angle σ can be between 10 degree and 80 degree (for example, 45 degree).The forward edge 3134 of each alar part 3132 preferably cuts soil And it is preferably in rearwardly inclined direction, i.e. relative to horizontal cross (that is, vertical with equipment direct of travel) plane with 10 Angle (for example, 30 degree, 45 degree or 70 degree) between degree and 80 degree is at an angle of backward.

Preferably, manifold 3140 is set to be used to receive liquid and distribute the liquid to ditch (for example, being assigned to alar part 3132 The opening of formation).As shown in figure 36, liquid is preferably introduced into the entrance 3142 in manifold 3140 by flexible pipe (not shown).It is excellent Selection of land, entrance 3142 are in fluid communication via outlet 3144 and the inner conduit 3152 of each injection needle 3150.

When mounted, alar part main body 3130 is preferably inserted into the slit 3122 of ground engaging portions 3120.Preferably, pass through Manifold 3140 is installed to the end of ground engaging portions 3120, alar part main body 3130 is maintained in slit 3122.It should manage Solution, alar part main body 3130 can be removed by removing manifold 3140 (for example, by removing the bolt shown in Figure 35) and by Replace.Injection needle 3150 can be removably insertable into manifold 3140 (for example, being connected through a screw thread) or be permanently mounted at manifold In (for example, passing through punching press, welding, soldering or adhesive).

In operation, alar part 3132 preferably opens up lateral sulcus 37 in the side wall of ditch 38, and liquid passes through note from fluid supply Enter pin 3150 and be pumped into lateral sulcus.It should be appreciated that the position of injection needle 3150 is after alar part 3132, this causes in equipment Injection needle can be to pass through the lateral sulcus opened up by alar part when crossing field.

In certain embodiments, alar part 3132 can be aided in by other pressure kind device installing type structures for being used to open up lateral sulcus 37 Or replace.In some instances, mobile cutting surfaces (such as circular rotating blade) can be arranged on pressure kind device side to open up Lateral sulcus 37.In certain embodiments, perhaps it is not provided with alar part.In this kind of embodiment, injection needle can be not provided with, but pass through The opening applicating liquid for flushing or slightly raising with the surface of pressure kind device.In this kind of embodiment, do not open up lateral sulcus 37 or In addition to opening up lateral sulcus 37, opening can be relatively small and increase applied fluid pressure, will pass through pressurized fluid Body is ejected into the side wall that liquid is injected to ditch 38 in side wall.

In certain embodiments, injection needle and alar part (or for opening up lateral sulcus and injecting similar structures of liquid) can be with It is located in the structure in addition to pressure kind device, which is arranged to open up lateral sulcus in seed furrow 38 or another ditch and applies Fertilizer.In some instances, injection needle and alar part can be installed to the shank extended in ditch (for example, the modification of shank 254 is set Meter), close ditch wheel assembly or from row unit pendency additional body or mounting structure on.

It should be appreciated that all parts of the embodiment 3100 of pressure kind device can have different material properties.Flexible portion 3112 afterbody 3114 can be made of plastics, such as nylon or acetal (for example, Delrin).Ground engaging portions 3120 It can be made of metal, such as steel or cobalt.Ground engaging portions 3120 can be equipped with wear resistant insert or wearing layer, such as carbon Change tungsten.Ground engaging portions 3120 can be equipped with non-sticking lining, such as Teflon.Alar part 3132 can be made of metal, such as Steel or stainless steel.The edge 3134 of each alar part and/or whole alar part 3132 can be equipped with wearing layer, such as tungsten carbide.Note Entering pin 3150 can be made of metal, such as steel or stainless steel.Manifold 3140 can be by acetal (for example, Delrin), Buddhist nun Dragon, either metal (for example, aluminium steel or powdered-metal) is made plastics.

In addition in other embodiments, being used for the lateral sulcus of neighbouring ditch applicating liquid except being formed in the side wall in ditch (or It is as an alternative solution), it can also use left and right ditching-disk component and open up the adjacent ditch laterally adjacent with ditch (for example, apart from ditch Two inches of center and/or the edge close to ditch), and can be imported liquid fertilizer in adjacent ditch using liquid conduits.Open Ditch disc assembly can each include being configured to open up the single disc-type colter similar to the V-arrangement ditch of seed furrow (for example, vertical disc type Colter) or a pair of of ditching-disk.It is described herein for the system for controlling the number amount and type for the liquid for being administered to lateral sulcus And method, it can be also used for the number amount and type that control is administered to the liquid of adjacent ditch.

In addition in other embodiments, being used for the lateral sulcus of neighbouring ditch applicating liquid except being formed in the side wall in ditch (or As an alternative solution), it can also use the position (example that liquid fertilizer is oriented on the soil surface of neighbouring ditch by left and right liquid conduits Such as, the edge apart from two inches of ditch center and/or close to ditch).It is described herein for the liquid that control is administered to lateral sulcus The system and method for number amount and type, can be also used for quantity and class that control is administered to the liquid of the soil surface neighbouring with ditch Type.

With reference to Figure 37, shown structure is a specific embodiment system 300A of the system 300 shown in Fig. 3, further includes use In by liquid application to one or more ditches (for example, in the side wall of the one or more seed furrows opened up by sowing row unit 200 In the lateral sulcus that opens up) device and system.Preferably, processor (such as equipment monitor 50) and one or more amount of liquid controls 3710 data communication of device (for example, electricity or wireless communication) processed, liquid flowrate control means 3710 are used to control from liquid container 3705 The amount and/or pressure of the liquid of distribution, liquid container 3705 can be supported by equipment 10.Liquid flowrate control means can include speed change Pump and/or control valve for fluids.Preferably, liquid container 3705 is preferably via liquid flowrate control means 3710 and multiple row units 200 It is in fluid communication.System 300 can include liquid flowrate control means, its with the whole of row unit 200 that is supported on toolbar 14 or Person's subgroup (for example, seeder part) is in fluid communication.In other embodiments, single liquid controller can be with each row list Member 200 is associated, for controlling the amount and/or pressure of the liquid application at the row unit；, can will be every in this kind of embodiment A liquid controller is installed to its associated row unit.In the operation of system 300A, one or more liquid flowrate control means 3710 are preferably based on the position in required application rate and field (for example, geographical reference location, grid, management region, more Side shape etc.) associated command mappings figure, change amount of application when equipment crosses field.In some of such embodiment, field In there are common soil types or other soil characteristics position can be associated with usual amounts.

With continued reference to Figure 37, system 300A may further include one or more holes for being used to control liquid application amount Mouthful.Preferably, these apertures can be removed and be replaced by operator, for example, to select different liquid application amounts.At some In embodiment, liquid flowrate control means 3710 are in fluid communication with upstream orifice 3710.Upstream orifice 3715 can include from not With the replaceable orifice plate selected in one group of orifice plate of aperture width (for example, can be from the state of Indiana, the Nebraska State The replaceable orifice plate that the TeeJet companies in Schaffert Mfg. companies or Illinois Hui Dun cities buy).In other realities Apply in example, upstream orifice 3715 can include the replaceable flexible pipe selected from one group of flexible pipe with different inner diameters. In some embodiments, liquid flowrate control means 3710 are in fluid communication with one or more terminal orifices 3720.Terminal orifice can be set Put in the end of fluid transfer pipe line (for example, flexible pipe).For example, liquid out can be directly entered ditch from terminal orifice 3720 Or lateral sulcus.In certain embodiments, terminal orifice 3720 can include liquid injection needle 3150 (referring to Figure 36), it can be selected From the injection needle in one group with different inner diameters.In certain embodiments, terminal orifice 3720 can include being arranged on injection needle Dismountable aperture near 3150 end or end.In certain embodiments, terminal orifice can include in system 300A Minimum orifice.

With continued reference to Figure 37, in certain embodiments, system 300A may further include air controller 3730, air Controller 3730 be used to being selectively directing and/or change from air pressure source P (for example, impeller, such as by seed from Filling tank in bulk is supplied to the air blower of row unit 200) row unit 200 is arrived (for example, passing through upstream orifice 3715 or terminal orifice 3720) air capacity.Air controller 3700 can include shutoff valve and/or flow control valve.Monitor 50 preferably with air 3730 data communication of controller, and preferably, it is selectively opened the sky of row unit 200 (for example, arriving a pressure kind device 3100) The air capacity of row unit 200 (for example, arriving a pressure kind device 3100) is arrived in gas and/or change.In operation, air controller can be opened 3730 or based on be manually entered (for example, input to the GUI of monitor 50) pass through air controller 3730 select air capacity. In other embodiments, air controller 3730 or selection air capacity can be opened when identifying scheduled event (for example, the time is all Phase, the activation of liquid flowrate control means, the deactivation of liquid flowrate control means, either from liquid flowrate control means or flow sensor Indicate the signal by 3720 flow of one or more upstream orifices 3715 and/or terminal orifice).

Figure 38 and Figure 39 are gone to, shown structure is the pressure kind device 3800 of another structure, it is with liquid application feature.Should Understand, the liquid application that pressure kind device 3800 carries out can also be in other embodiments by other on seeder or other equipments Structure is completed.

Preferably, pressure kind device 3800 includes flexible portion 3810, and flexible portion 3810, which is arranged on seeder, to be used for pressure The afterbody 3820 of kind device flexibly applies downward pressure.Preferably, pressure kind device 3800 further includes side using part 3830 and plough Part 3840 is applied in ditch.Part 3830 is applied in side, the interior part 3840 of applying of ditch dug with a plow can be to be selectively mountable to tail Portion 3820 and/or mutual modular member.In other embodiments, optionally, part 3820,3830, 3840 can be each several part of a single black box.

Preferably, side applies part 3830 and includes being arranged to open up the left wing 3838-1 of lateral sulcus in main seed furrow 38 With right wing part 3838-2.Preferably, alar part 3838 substantially horizontally extends from the side of pressure kind device 3800.Preferably, alar part The 3838 vertical upper ends that part 3830 is applied towards side are set.Preferably, side further includes preferred respectively using part 3840 It is in fluid communication via inner conduit 3834-1 and 3834-2 and left side liquid outlet 3836-1 and right side liquid outlet 3836-2 Liquid application entrance 3832.In operation, alar part 3838 preferably opens up lateral sulcus in seeded furrow, and liquid (for example, fertilizer) Lateral sulcus is placed in by liquid outlet 3836.

Preferably, liquid application entrance 3842 is included using part 3840 in ditch dug with a plow, it is preferred which applies entrance 3842 It is in fluid communication via inner conduit 3834 and liquid outlet 3846.Preferably, liquid outlet 3846 is arranged to exist liquid deposition In seeded furrow.Liquid outlet 3846 can be arranged to liquid being deposited directly on the seed 42 in seeded furrow.Other In embodiment, liquid outlet 3846 can include the current divider with two outlets, which is used for liquid deposition in seed On the side wall of ditch dug with a plow.

Referring again to Figure 38, it is shown apply control system 3900 and fluid inlet 3832,3842 be in fluid communication (for example, through By flexible hose), it is respectively used to the fluid that supply will be applied by fluid outlet 3836,3846.Preferably, liquid inlet 3832nd, each in 3842 with apply sensor 3940 (such as：Flow sensor, fluid pressure sensor, fluid resistance Fill in sensor), application controller 3930 (for example, fluid flow control valve, fluid pressure controller valve, switching flow solenoid valve, Optionally adjustable size and/or interchangeable fluid orifice) and administration impeller (for example, liquid pump) fluid communication.It is preferred that Ground, using impeller 3920, application controller 3930 and applies each in sensor 3940 and 50 data of equipment monitor Communicate (for example, electronic communication, electric connection, wireless communication), to receive the control signal from equipment monitor and to machine Have monitor reporting measurements and other output signals.Preferably, using control system 3900 and one or more input sources 3910 are in fluid communication (for example, via flexible hose).

In operation, using impeller 3920 input source 3910 is come from can be promoted by the speed that equipment monitor 50 controls Fluid.Application controller can selectively control the fluid flow parameter of the fluid promoted from input source 3910 (for example, pressure Power, flow).Preferably, the fluid flow parameter from input source 3910 (for example, pressure, flow) is by applying sensor 3940 Measured before fluid enters liquid 3842 and/or 3832.

In the shown embodiment, each in liquid inlet 3832,3842 with single input source, using impeller, apply With controller and apply sensor fluid communication.In some implementations of this embodiment, input source 3910a and 3910b Different fluids (for example, different types of fertilizer, liquid pesticide) can be included.In some instances, input source 3910 wraps Containing containing phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen fertilizer (for example, 7-23-5 fertilizer at initial stage, such as can be from the CHS of Minnesota State Ge Luoweihaici Inc. the XLR levels fertilizer at initial stage bought) it is used to via fluid outlet 3846 apply in ditch dug with a plow, and input source 3910b bags Containing nitrogenous fertilizer (for example, 28% nitrogenous fertilizer).In such embodiments or in other embodiments, by using impeller Amount of application is less than in the ditch dug with a plow that 3920a and/or controller 3930a is maintained is tieed up by applying impeller 3920a and/or controller 3930a The lateral sulcus amount of application (total amount for being administered to two lateral sulcus) held.For example, amount of application may range from arriving for every acre 0 in ditch dug with a plow 5 gallons (0 to 468 liters of per hectares), and may range from for lateral sulcus amount of application (the total amount of application for being administered to two lateral sulcus) is every Acre 5 to 15 gallons (47 to 140 liters of per hectares).It should be appreciated that the amount of application in embodiment disclosed herein can be based on machine Has the speed of width, liquid application line number and velocity sensor (for example, radar, GPS system) report, by determining to obtain unit Fluid administration amount (for example, every acre of gallon or per hectare liter) needed for the hope amount of application of area is controlled.

In certain embodiments, single control system 3900 of applying can be with multiple pressure kind devices 3800 (for example, on seeder The part of row unit either all pressure kind devices on pressure kind of the device or seeder in subgroup) on or an only single pressure kind device 3800 On liquid inlet 3842 and/or 3832 be in fluid communication, in order to provide control line by line and monitor in ditch dug with a plow and/or lateral sulcus apply.

Figure 40-42 are gone to, show one embodiment of liquid application component 5000.Preferably, liquid application component 5000 are installed to the equipment shank at front end by mounting bracket 5010, and such as seeder row unit is (or in some embodiments In, another component of seeder either row unit is installed to for example, the seed spout of row unit or defeated kind of device).Liquid application Component 5000 can be stablized (for example, direct of travel parallel or orthogonal to equipment) by the arm of stability 5020.The arm of stability can With installed in the front end of mounting bracket 5010 and installed in equipment component (for example, the row unit subframe of seeder row unit And/or close ditch wheel assembly) rear end.

Preferably, the shank 5030 of liquid application component 5000 is extended downwardly towards soil.Preferably, pivotal arm 5040 exists Shank 5030 is pivotally mounted at pivot 5035, it is preferable that so as to around the axis pivot perpendicular to equipment direct of travel.It is excellent Selection of land, biasing member (for example, spring, such as torsionspring) are offset to pivotal arm 5040 (for example, along on the view of Figure 40 Clockwise) against a retainer 5032.Preferably, liquid conduits 5070 are firmly installed to pivotal arm.In some implementations In example, the upright position of liquid conduits 5070 can preferably be adjusted by user, such as be expired by the way that liquid conduits are slided The upright position of prestige, then optionally locks locking mechanism so as to which liquid conduits are securely mounted on pivotal arm.It is preferred that Ground, liquid conduits include the liquid inlet (not shown) being in fluid communication with two outlets 5072-1,5072-2, it is preferable that two 5072-1,5072-2 are extended respectively into the left side wall and right side wall of ditch for outlet.

Preferably, lateral sulcus plough 5050 is removably mounted to liquid conduits 5070；(for example, by slidably housing In the slit 5075 being formed in liquid conduits).Preferably, lateral sulcus plough 5050 includes alar part 5052-1,5052-2, excellent Selection of land, the alar part are extended respectively into left side wall and ditch side wall.Preferably, alar part 5052-1,5052-2 is respectively positioned at outlet The front of 5072-1,5072-2 so that outlet is extended to during operation in the lateral sulcus opened up by alar part.In operation, such as The liquid of liquid fertilizer etc is administered to lateral sulcus preferably via outlet 5072.Preferably, liquid application component 5000 includes having The pressure kind device 5060 of ground engaging portions 5062, ground engaging portions 5062 preferably flexibly engage the bottom of ditch during operation Portion and side wall.

In operation, it is preferable that lateral sulcus plough is maintained at ground by spring biasing pivotal arm 5040 against stop part 5032 Face bonding station, in ground engagement position, alar part is at the first desired upright position (that is, depth) place of the side wall along ditch Form lateral sulcus.If barrier (for example, rock or pan soil) is contacted when equipment crosses field with lateral sulcus plough so that super The moment of reaction (for example, counter clockwise direction on the view of Figure 40) for crossing spring biasing is acted on pivotal arm, then pivotal arm 5040 preferably into horizontal deflection (for example, counter clockwise direction on the view of Figure 40), successfully to clear the jumps.It should be appreciated that Ground engagement colter, blade or other devices can be installed on the pivotal arm of biasing, to replace lateral sulcus plough and liquid Body canal (or in addition to lateral sulcus plough and liquid conduits) so that another ground engagement device is equally deflected to avoid Barrier.

In certain embodiments, pivot 5035 is the laterally pivotable ball bearing of permission pivotal arm 5040 or other connect Head.In these and other embodiments, the engagement of pressure kind device 5060 and ditch preferably determines the lateral position of alar part so that the wing Portion is displaced sideways when the lateral position of ditch changes during operation.Otherwise, because the lateral position of pressure kind device 5060 leads to Cross and engage and fixed with the side wall of ditch, and press kind of device and lateral sulcus plough to be all securely mounted to fluid pipeline, so ditch Lateral position change pressure kind of device can be caused to carry out a corresponding lateral movement, this causes lateral sulcus plough to carry out corresponding lateral fortune It is dynamic.Therefore, the lateral position of lateral sulcus plough (including alar part) is reflected to the lateral position of ditch so that no matter the lateral position of ditch Put and how to change, the degree that alar part extends to the side wall of ditch is all constant.It should be appreciated that position of the lateral sulcus plough relative to ditch Putting can be completed by other floor-engaging structures of such as colter or press wheel etc.

It should be appreciated that in the operation of liquid application component 5000, the vertical position of pressure kind device is preferably ditched with lateral sulcus The upright position of device is mechanically decoupled so that pressure kind of device (it is engaged with bottom of trench) can on seed and other objects vertical deflection, And lateral sulcus plough (preferably, it is not engaged with bottom of trench) keeps its upright position and therefore keeps the lateral sulcus opened up by alar part Upright position (depth).

In certain embodiments, pressure kind device 5060 can be installed to other components of liquid application component 5000, and can With the position engaged relative to lateral sulcus plough with ditch, engaged in different positions with ditch.In certain embodiments, pressure kind device 5060 may be mounted at the front of lateral sulcus plough 5050 (for example) in the view of Figure 40 to the left.In some such implementations In example, pressure kind device can extend below lateral sulcus plough at least in part.In some such embodiments, pressure kind device may be used also With by other alternative structures of such as torsionspring etc against ditch elastic biasing.

In certain embodiments, liquid application component can further include liquid and move towards structure (for example, flexible duct, rigidity Pipe), which moves towards structure and is used to liquid (for example, applying identical or different types of liquid directly in ditch) being administered to The either side of ditch or the soil surface of both sides.

Figure 43 is gone to, shows the embodiment of another liquid application component 6000.Component 6000 includes pressure kind device 6050, Its resilient engagement bottom of trench longitudinally forward in lateral sulcus plough 6060.In component 6000, the lateral sulcus plough of pressure kind of device can be with It is independently mounted to mounting bracket 6080.Stent 6080 can be pivotally mounted to stent 6090, and stent 6090 is preferably dismountable Ground is installed to row unit handle.Preferably, stent 6080 is pivoted on stent 6090 around axis A-43.Preferably, axis A- 43 vertical planes intersected with Longitudinal extending and with bottom of trench intersect.Therefore, pressure kind device 6050 and lateral sulcus plough 6060 can Pivoted during operation around axis A-43.Because pressure kind device 6050 preferably engages with bottom of trench and is bonded on two by ditch side wall Side, is moved, thus guiding or " operating the rudder " side, it is preferable that pressure plants device when equipment crosses field with the lateral position of ditch The lateral position of ditch plough 6060 and lateral sulcus is maintained as one man to extend in ditch side wall.Preferably, lateral sulcus plough 6060 It is substantially similar with the lateral sulcus plough 5050 of Figure 40, it is preferred that it include substantially with for supplying liquid to side The similar dismountable liquid conduits 6070 of the liquid conduits 5070 of ditch.

Figure 44-46 are gone to, show the embodiment of another liquid application component 7000.Preferably, forward direction stent 7210 It is mounted to the shank 254 extended downwardly of row unit subframe 253.Preferably, backward stent 7310 is mounted to row unit Subframe 253 will be (for example, by tab 7312, which can will close ditch wheel assembly 236 by using bolt and be fixed to row unit Subframe 253 is installed).Preferably, forward direction stent 7210 and backward stent 7310 cooperate to keep by liquid application group The axis A-44 that the pivot P-4 of part 7000 is limited aligns with row unit subframe 253.Forward direction stent 7210 can be (for example, pass through Screw) it is installed on backward stent 7310 or is a whole part with backward stent 7310.Preferably, insert is installed 7400 (for example, in the first tool-free installation is mobile) are housed in the preceding opening 7212 to stent 7210 at least in part.It is excellent Selection of land, the flexible tabs 7410 (for example, in second tool-free installation movement) for installing insert 7400 are housed in backward stent In 7310 opening.Preferably, after mounting, installation insert 7400 is maintained at appropriate position relative to forward direction and to after-poppet Put, until (for example, being removed without instrument) is removed in the deformation (for example, deforming backward) by flexible tabs 7410 and will insert Enter part 7400 slide down off before to the opening to backward stent.

With continued reference to Figure 44-46 and liquid application component 7000, it is preferable that shell 7090 is around pivot P-4 (for example, pin) It is pivotally mounted to installation insert 7400.Preferably, pivot P-4 defines axis A-44, it is preferable that axis A-44 and trench digging The length of disk and seed furrow 38 is alignd.Preferably, axis A-44 along the direct of travel of equipment (for example, the view of Figure 44 Right side) decline.Pivot P-4 permissions liquid application system is deformed when running into rock or other hard fragments to be removed, and pivot Axis P-4 can allow liquid application system to rotate and is maintained in seeder row unit rotational in ditch.

Preferably, the pressure kind device 7050 of liquid application component 7000 passes through in partial insertion shell and by flexible tabs 7052 are attached to the edge of shell 7090, removably install the front end that (for example, without using instrument) arrives shell 7090, the flexibility Tab can be released by deforming (for example, without using instrument) at its lower end, be pressed so as to fulfill being removed from shell 7090 Kind device.When on shell 7090, pressure kind device 7050 is preferably provided to generally longitudinally align with seed furrow 38, and excellent Selection of land, with ditch Elastic Contact with by seed pressing into its groove.Preferably, during seeding operation, pressure kind device upwardly extends Part 7054 blocks the flowing and/or accumulation of the residue between pressure kind device 7050 and shell 7090.Kind is pressed when that need not use When device 7050, the pressure kind device 7050 being equipped with may act as guiding piece or rudder, be conducive to keep liquid application system court To the center of ditch.

Preferably, liquid is placed sub-component 7070 and is installed to shell 7090.Preferably, liquid places the arm of sub-component 7070 7078 are adjustably mounted to shell 7090, as described in more detail below.Preferably, liquid places the alar part of sub-component 7070 Main body 7060 is removably mounted to the lower end of arm 7078 so that the position of arm 7078 determines 7062 phase of alar part of alar part main body For the position of ditch, and therefore determine the height for the lateral sulcus that alar part opens up in ditch.Preferably, liquid manifold 7072 is removable Except ground is installed to the rear end of arm 7078 (for example, by by the groove 7075 of manifold internal tongue corresponding with alar part main body 7060 Shape part coordinates, and flexible tabs 7073 removably are fixed to arm 7078) so that the position of arm 7078 is determined from manifold The position of 7072 injection needles 7750 extended relative to ditch.Preferably, manifold 7072 includes：First liquid inlet 7140, its with Central outlet 7740 is in fluid communication, the central outlet 7740 be used for by liquid deposition ditch 38 transverse center (for example, in bottom of trench Seed at the top of)；With second liquid entrance 7150, it is in fluid communication with injection needle 7750 so as to by the side wall of liquid deposition to ditch (for example, in depositing to the lateral sulcus that alar part 7062 opens up).Preferably, injection needle 7750 is arranged on longitudinal rear of the wing 7062, makes Injection needle is obtained to extend in the lateral sulcus formed in the side wall of ditch by alar part.

Preferably, the height of arm 7078 can be adjusted by user, without using instrument.For example, arm 7078 can be installed To height regulating arm 7080, height regulating arm 7080 is pivotally mounted to shell 7090 at pivot P-1.The height of arm 7078 Therefore determine that this highly can be by optionally by arm 7080 around the angle position of pivot P1 by height regulating arm 7080 Pin 7082 is bonded in the subgroup in the hole 7092 of shell 7090 to adjust, hole 7092 have different upright position (for example, along Shown semicircular path)., can by deflecting (for example, mobile or compression) height regulating arm 7080 relative to shell 7090 Selectively to make pin 7082 engage and depart from hole 7092, to adjust the position of height regulating arm 7080.

Preferably, the height and/or direction of alar part main body 7060 and/or manifold 7072 be during seeding operation can elasticity Ground is interchangeable.For example, arm 7078 can be pivotally mounted to arm 7080 (for example, at pivot P-2), so as to allow alar part master (for example, when with bar contact in the residue or field) displacement during operation of body and manifold.However, in order to inclined Alar part main body and manifold is set to be elastically returned to desired position after turning, it is preferable that the first end of spring 7500 is installed to shell 7090 (for example, at pivot P-3) and second end are installed to the upper end (for example, at pivot P-5) of arm 7078.Spring 7500 Can be tension spring, compression spring, helical spring, air spring or when arm 7078 be in first (for example, it is desirable to) position In undeformed state and its when arm 7078 deflects into second (for example, undesirable) position in deformation state when putting Its device.Alternatively, the tension force in spring 7500 can be adjusted by fastener 7501.

It should be appreciated that liquid places sub-component 7070 and pressure kind device 7050 pivots together with shell 7090 so that the two is all Pivoted relative to row unit subframe 253 around axis P-4.Therefore, when ditch 38 is horizontal relative to the lateral position of row unit framework To when direct of travel shifts, pressure kind device 7050 causes pressure kind device with 38 lateral deflection of ditch in the engagement of bottom of trench, and therefore Deflection (for example, guiding or " operating the rudder ") liquid places sub-component 7070, to be pivoted with the displacement in ditch position and Deflection, so that it is guaranteed that placing desired liquid relative to ditch.

Figure 47 is gone to, shows liquid control system 4700, it is used to selectively control and monitor from liquid container 4705a and 4705b (it can contain identical liquid or different liquid) arrive central outlet 7740 and left and right injection needle The flow (being referred to as " selectivity outlet ") of 7750-1,7750-2.Preferably, check-valves 4710 in operational conditions with from container The correlation of 4705 liquid leaks out to be in fluid communication with liquid container in order, in operational conditions, without fluid from one of container Choice of flow direction exports.Preferably, selector valve optionally goes out one or more containers 4705 and one or more selectivity Mouth is placed together.For example, valve 4715 can have some or all of following position：(1) first liquid container 4705a is with The first position that heart outlet 7740 and injection needle 7750-1,7750-2 are in fluid communication；(2) second liquid container 4705b is with The second place that heart outlet 7740 and injection needle 7750-1,7750-2 are in fluid communication,；(3) first liquid container 4705a are with The 3rd of 7740 fluid communication of heart outlet and second liquid container 4705b and injection needle 7750-1,7750-2 fluid communication Put；(4) first liquid container 4705a are in fluid communication with central outlet and do not have liquid from the 4th position that injection needle flows out； (5) first liquid container 4705a and injection needle are in fluid communication and no liquid is from the 5th position that center outlet stream goes out；(6) Second liquid container 4705b is in fluid communication with central outlet and does not have liquid from the 6th position that injection needle flows out；(7) first Liquid container 4705b and injection needle are in fluid communication and no liquid is from the 7th position that center outlet stream goes out；(8) there is no liquid The 8 positions that body is flowed out from central outlet or injection needle.It is alternatively possible to filter is set (not show in liquid system Go out), with liquid leave outlet before whenever filter liquid.For example, filter can be arranged on first entrance 7140 Inlet and/or second entrance 7150 inlet.

Selector valve 4715 can include one or more orientation flow control valves, which can adjust manually Section is adjusted by the way that (for example, passing through the data communication with equipment monitor 50) is controlled electronically.Selector valve 4715 can also wrap Repositionable valve is included, which partially manual before ressembling can dismantle and be revised as one of above-mentioned position.Stream Amount controller 4725 can be the one or more Manual flow-adjustable controllers controlled by equipment monitor 50 (for example, can replace Change aperture) or flow control valve.Flow sensor 4720 can be associated with each branch of system 4700, for feeling respectively Measure the flow of central outlet and injection needle.Direction and/or the stream of liquid application are controlled as described above in equipment monitor 50 In the embodiment of amount, equipment monitor can inquire about liquid instruction stored in memory, and select to pass through injection needle And/or the expectation combination of the liquid flow amount and type of central outlet deposition；For example, liquid instruction can be by desired combination and liquid Each geographical reference location in field in body instruction is associated, and monitor 50 can be determined by gps receiver 52 The geographical reference location of the seeder (and/or particular row unit) of report, to identify current desired combination.Then, it is preferable that Monitor control selections valve 4715 and/or flow controller 4725, so as to pass through the fluid of injection needle and/or central outlet The expectation combination of type and flow is deposited.Although it should be appreciated that the single branch of control system 4700 and two injection needles 7750 is associated, but can associate single branch with each pin, enable to by central outlet, left injection needle and Each in right injection needle is administered with unique kind of liquid and/or flow.

With reference to Figure 48, flow balance valve 7160 can be arranged to the first liquid inlet 7140 and second liquid entrance Before 7150 feed, the fluid flow between central outlet 7740 and injection needle 7750 is adjusted.In such embodiments, flow Balanced valve 7160 is connected to the first liquid inlet 7140 and is connected to second liquid via hose 7151 via hose 7141 Mouth 7150.Can be with any of selected as fluid flow into the flow of central outlet 7740 and injection needle 7750-1,7750-2 Desired shunting.In one embodiment, flow set is about 1/3rd to flow to hose 7150 and about 2/3rds flow to Hose 7141.In such embodiments, after flow is assigned to pin 7750-1 and 7750-2, flow will be about 1/3rd Flow to central outlet 7740, and 1/3rd each side walls for flowing to seed furrow 38.Will be using flow balance valve 7160 In the case that pin 7750-1 or 7750-2 are blocked by soil, the center for remaining to ditch 38 is consistent with the flow of the side wall of ditch 38.Cause This prevents the situation at the center for the seed furrow 38 that all fluids are flow to where seed 42, and such case may applied excessively Cause damage in the case of fertilizer to seed.

Figure 48 and Figure 49 show by the main body of manifold 7072 from the first liquid inlet 7140 and Y shape path 7144, 7146 arrive the main fluid path 7142 of corresponding pin 7750-1,7750-2.It also show by the main body of manifold 7072 from second The fluid path 7148 of central outlet 7740 is arrived in liquid inlet 7150.

Any pin (for example, 3150 or 7750 (7750-1,7750-2)) in above example can include being arranged on pin Exit from valve opening.It should be understood that in some cases, soil may enter nozzle and cause to block.Therefore, do not having Needle seal, which can aid in, when having fluid flowing prevents soil clog needle.Can be any kind of feather valve from valve opening, its Opened when desired amount of differential pressure is applied with to valve.The example of feather valve includes but not limited to：Duckbill valve, dome valve, crossed slot Valve and slit valve.Figure 50 A are one from valve opening 7170 (Duckbill type) for showing to be arranged in the outlet of pin 7750-1,7750-2 Example.

Figure 50 B-50C are along the cross-sectional view of the manifold 7072 of the Section X-X line of Figure 48, are shown from valve opening 7180 Another embodiment, from valve opening 7180 can be arranged in pin 7750-1,7750-2 with when no liquid flows needle seal open Mouth 7181, so as to help to prevent soil from entering opening and causing to cause to block when restarting flowing.Include from valve opening 7180 Valve rod 7182, valve rod 7182 is in distal end with valve head 7184 and in near-end with piston 7186.Piston 7186 is located at perforate 7188 Interior and outwardly biased by spring 7190, this causes valve head 7184 to be located at pin 7750- when no liquid flow enters primary path 7142 1st, in the opening 7181 of 7750-2, as shown in Figure 50 B.However, when liquid flow enters primary path 7142, pressure acts on piston 7186 downside, forces piston to compress spring 7190, this causes valve rod 7182 to move up (as shown in Figure 50 C), makes valve head 7184 leave from opening 7181, so as to allow liquid to discharge, as shown in Figure 50 C.Retainer 7192 can be set to be used for limiting work The stroke of plug 7186 exceeds the end of perforate 7188, prevents valve rod 7182 from departing from the opening of pin.It should be appreciated that valve rod is perpendicular to one another Offset is crossed to prevent valve rod among primary path 7142 to be interfered.It is also understood that except using 7190 offset piston of spring 7186, it can also use membrane (not shown) or any other suitable biasing member carry out offset piston 7186.

Image capture

With reference to Figure 51, the image capture apparatus 8000 that extension 8010 is installed to reference to a camera 8020 is shown.Prolong Extending portion 8010 can be removably mounted to a part for row unit, such as 254 lower end of shank.Preferably, 8020 quilt of camera The image of capture ditch is orientated, and (for example, opposite with direct of travel) can be rearwardly directed and be at least partially disposed on In ditch 38 (for example, at least partially in lower face).It should be appreciated that camera 8020 be installed on close the front of trench system 236 and The leading edge rear (for example, at least partly lateral between ditching-disk) of ditching-disk 244.In the neighbouring trench digging of camera 8020 In the embodiment of disk 244, one or more wear Protection devices 8012 (for example, being made of tungsten carbide or other wear-resistant materials) The either side of extension 8010 is preferably mounted to, and is preferably extended laterally outward so that its lateral end is arranged on camera Between 8020 and ditching-disk 244, to protect camera not contacted with ditching-disk.Light source 8030 (for example, LED) is preferred to be installed To extension 8010, it is preferably used to illuminate ditch 38 and/or soil surface 40 to improve the quality of image capture.Preferably, by One or more images that camera 8020 captures include side wall, the bottom of ditch and/or the upper surface of soil surface 40 of ditch.According to Camera can be arranged on 400 front of pressure kind device as shown in the figure, and can be arranged to capture the image of seed.Camera can be Video camera and/or still image camera, and preferably, and 50 data communication of equipment monitor, for image transmitting to be arrived Equipment monitor, to be shown to user and/or associated with the position of capture images in field (for example, geographical reference location), And it is stored in the memory of equipment monitor and/or stores on the remote server.

Go to Figure 52, it is preferable that the display of equipment monitor 50 includes image 8110 (for example, video or still image) Screen 8100, image 8110 include soil surface 40, the residue 43 on soil surface, including side wall 38r, 38l and groove 38t Ditch 38 and be arranged on ditch bottom seed 42.

Preferably, screen 8100 includes row identification form 8120, it identifies which is associated with shown image.It is excellent Selection of land, selects the command monitor for a moment 50 of the arrow in row identification form 8120 to load new screen, new screen includes and instrument Another associated image of not going together (for example, being caught by the second image capture apparatus being associated from another different row Obtain).

Preferably, screen 8100 includes the digital or other instruction to soil either seed data, and monitor 50 can be with By analyzing one or more images 8110, either a part or some therein determine the data.

Preferably, soil data measurement form 8130 shows the soil moisture value associated with the soil in ditch 38.Soil Humidity value can be based on the graphical analysis to image 8110 (for example, image corresponds to the part of side wall 38r, 38l).It is general and Speech, image 8110 can be used for by reference to picture characteristics (for example, color, reflectivity) and the relevant database of humidity value are come Determine humidity value.In order to assist in humidity value, one or more images can be captured at one or more wavelength；Wavelength can To be chosen so as to the statistics phase of picture characteristics (or arithmetic combination of picture characteristics) and the humidity at one or more wavelength Intensity is closed to be in the range of desired correlation intensity.The wavelength or amplitude of the light wave of the generation of light source 8030 can also be changed, with Improve the picture quality at the image capture wavelength of selection or otherwise correspond to selected image capture wavelength. In some implementations, ditch can be divided into the part with different humidity estimate (for example, above humidity line 38d with The part of the side wall 38l of side), and humidity and/or the changed depth of humidity value (for example, depth of humidity line 38d) can To be reported by screen 8100.It should be appreciated that the mapping graph similar with the mapping graph shown in Figure 21 B can be used to carry out humidity value Space reflection.It should be appreciated that it can determine and report based on the image of one or more capture using similar method and approach Accuse the soil data (for example, the soil moisture, the soil texture, soil color) beyond humidity.

Preferably, economical character form 8140 display can by analyze image 8110 estimate agronomy character value (for example, Residue density, ditch depth, ditch collapse percentage, ditch shape).For example, residue density can be calculated by following steps：(1) count Soil surface area is calculated (for example, by identifying and measuring orientation based on camera and ditch depth or color based on soil surface The area in the soil surface region of identification)；(2) by determining the area in capped soil surface region, calculate residue and cover Capping product (for example, the gross area by identifying the soil surface covered by residue, wherein by more shallow than constant threshold color Or the area of the threshold percentage more shallow more than the average color than soil surface region, can identify residue), and (3) residue area coverage divided by soil surface area.

Preferably, standard windows 8150 are sowed and shows sowing standard, such as seed spacing, seed separating degree or seed are close Degree.The algorithm disclosed in seed sensor and United States Patent (USP) No.8,078,367 (" patent of ' 367 ") can be used to calculate sowing mark It is accurate.In some implementations, can be calculated with algorithm as the class of algorithms disclosed in the patent of ' 367 with reference picture 8110 The distance between seed is used in combination.For example, monitor 50 can (1) identification image 8110 in multiple seeds (for example, passing through Identify a series of colors and the region of seed empirical correlation in image)；(2) one or more images between neighboring seeds are identified Distance (for example, length by measuring line between seed barycenter on image)；(3) using along in image ditch extend away from From and along mathematics and/or empirical relation between the respective distances of actual ditch extension, image distance is scaled " true empty Between " distance；(4) sowing standard is calculated (for example, between seed density, seed based on " real space " distance and/or image distance Away from, seed separating degree).

Figure 53 is gone to, shows the example process 8200 of the row image for selecting to show on screen 8100.Should Work as understanding, the acquisition equipment because multiple row units can merge to image, it is possible that need not show at the same time from all these The image of row unit.On the contrary, in step 8205, monitor 50 preferably by regular intervals (for example, 10s, 30s, New row image 1min) is shown to show continuous row image (that is, by the static state or video figure of continuous row elements capture Picture).For example, the first still image or video flowing of the first image capture apparatus at the first row unit can be shown to First aturegularaintervals expire, and thus, the second still image of the second image capture apparatus at the second row unit or regard Frequency stream can be shown to Second Rule interval and expire.Preferably, step 8210 and step 8205 are performed while.In step 8210, Preferably, monitor 50 by the alarming value at each row unit compared with associated alarm threshold value.Alarming value can be right Should be in being estimated based on row graphical analysis or pass through another soil characteristic sensor associated with row unit and measure Soil surveying value (for example, soil moisture, the soil moisture, the soil texture, soil color, spectral reflectance, spectral reflectance become Change)；It is that alarming value may correspond to based on row graphical analysis can to estimate or by another agronomic shape sensor (for example, Seed sensor, fertilizer flow sensor, trench depth sensor) measurement economical character or sowing standard (for example, residue Density, ditch collapse, ditch shape, ditch depth, seed spacing, seed separation, seed density, fertilizer flow).Alarm threshold value can include report The selected constant value of alert value either in previous cycle or specified region (for example, 30 seconds, 30 foot strokes, with operation phase The whole region of pass) report during operation to the statistical function of the alarming value of monitor (for example, higher or lower than average value or One or more standard deviations of person's average).In step 8215, it is preferable that alarm condition (example is presented in the identification of monitor 50 Such as, alarming value alreadys exceed the row of alarm threshold value) row.In step 8220, it is preferable that monitor 50 is (for example, in screen 8100 On) show the row image captured by the associated image capture apparatus of the row unit with alarm condition is presented.Alternatively, monitor 50 can indicate that the figure of the alarm condition adjacent with indicating the row image of alarm represents (for example, in single form), or Person to form (for example, soil data measures form 8130, economical character form 8140) addition by paying attention to prompting instruction (example Such as, red border) indicated.In step 8225, it is preferable that monitor 50 identifies the resolution ratio of alarm condition (for example, passing through Allow users to cancel alarm or by determining that alarm condition is no longer valid) and preferably return to step 8205.

It is such it should be appreciated that although some embodiments herein are described as liquid application component or device Feature and such component and device can provide the benefit and function in addition to liquid deposition.For example, in operation, herein Described lateral sulcus plough embodiment is preferably unclamping ditch side by closing before furrow wheel (and/or other close trench system component) closes ditch Wall, so as to reduce side wall pollution and side wall compacting.Moreover, it will be appreciated that any one in lateral sulcus plough above-described embodiment It may be used to unclamp ditch side wall to reduce side wall compacting without conveying liquid.In addition, unclamp soil may be easier by Close trench system closure, so that it is guaranteed that after closing ditch seed-soil contact.

Adjacent ditch liquid conveying

Although aforesaid liquid application device is suitable for liquid being transported in the side wall of ditch, it is also possible to it is neighbouring ditch to need Applicating liquid.For example, the liquid in ditch side wall can use after plant germination.With the growth of plant, this liquid will be by The fabric consumption of early growth.With the development and diffusion of root structure, plant can be approached near ditch in next stage The liquid of administration.It is advantageous in that in all growth phases using additional fertilizer source rather than all fertilizer, for all ranks The fertilizer amount of section is excessive for seed, so as to can cause " burning out " seed.

Figure 54 A-C show one embodiment of adjacent ditch liquid conveying system 9000.Transport system 9000 includes release member Part 9002 and downward extension member 9004.Downward extension member 9004 includes rigid leg 9006, is fixed with rigid leg 9006 It is positioned at the cutter 9008 of anterior (that is, towards the row unit direct of travel as indicated by the arrow 9003 in Figure 56 A-56B).Liquid Body delivery pipe 9010 is positioned at the rear portion (that is, the direct of travel away from row unit) of rigid leg 9006.Fluid is distributed via liquid Pipe 9012 (54A-54C) realizes connection of the fluid supply (not shown) to liquid delivery tube 9010,9012 (54A- of liquid dispensing tube 54C) liquid delivery tube 9010 is connected to via connector 9014 or other suitable interface units.It can be fed by gravity Or fluid connection is realized (such as using pump) under stress.

The barrier of such as rock etc is run into when unit is advanced through forward field if downward extension member is expert at, is released Putting element 9002 allows downward extension member 9004 to be bent backward from side to opposite side, and also allows downward extension member 9004 peel off the external debris that may be gathered on the blade 9012 of cutter 9008.In one embodiment, releasing member 9002 Including the helical spring with rigid leg 9006, rigid leg 9006 includes a supporting leg of helical spring bar, and helical spring Another end of bar is bent outwardly to form horizontal loops 9016, is used for for housing fixed to the installing plate as shown in Figure 56 A (slightly Discuss afterwards).

Cutter 9008 can be protruded to direct of travel.This convex shape helps avoid 9018 He of blade of cutter 9008 It is mingled with chip between soil surface.

In another embodiment, cutter 9008, liquid delivery tube 9010 and a part of rigid leg 9006 can be with a bodily forms Into together, for example, being formed as mo(u)lded piece, as shown in Figure 55 A-55B.

Adjacent ditch liquid conveying system 9000 can install (discussed further below) into causing downward extension member 9004 on soil Surface 40 is substantially vertically set, as shown in Figure 54 C.Adjacent ditch liquid conveying system 9000 may be arranged so that it away from traveling Direction 9003 forms angle (Figure 54 D) on vertical direction backward.In the interchangeable embodiment shown in Figure 54 E, show The adjacent ditch transport system 9000A shown has a downward extension member 9004, downward extension member 9004 have a Dog leg component or Bending part forms top 9020 and lower part 9022, its middle and lower part 9022 are positioned at 9003 rear of direct of travel.

Any previous embodiment of adjacent ditch liquid conveying system 9000 can be installed to 234 rear seeder of trench digging system In any part or structure of row unit 200 so that neighbouring seed furrow conveying liquid.As shown in Figure 56 A-56B, adjacent ditch liquid Transport system 9000, which is installed on, closes the closing on the assembling framework 10000 in the front of furrow wheel 238 of trench system 236.Such as Figure 57 A-57B institutes Show, adjacent ditch liquid conveying system 9000, which is installed on, closes the closing on the assembling framework 11000 at 238 rear of furrow wheel of trench system 236.

With reference to Figure 56 A-56B, component 10000 is adapted to mount to the seeder row unit 200 at 234 rear of trench digging component.Group Part 10000 includes the framing component 10002 of support a pair of discs/colter 10010, and disk/colter 10010 is cut in the soil in advance Groove, the adjacent ditch liquid conveying system 9000 to align backward enter in the groove therewith.Disk/colter 10010 can have zigzag Edge or smooth edge.Mounting bracket 10020 has vertical flange 10022 and horizontal flange 10024, using bolt or with Other modes are rigidly fixed to every side of framing component 10002.Horizontal flange 10024 is used as horizontal mounting surface, for profit It is connected with being attached adjacent ditch liquid conveying system 9000.As shown in the figure, bolt 10026 is extended through in horizontal flange 10024 Hole (not shown), and housed by the horizontal loops 9016 of the releasing member 9002 on the downside of horizontal flange.Packing ring 10028 and spiral shell The horizontal loops 9016 of adjacent ditch liquid conveying system 9000 are fixed to bolt 10026 and mounting bracket 10020 by mother 10030.Should Understand, the width of mounting bracket 10020 causes adjacent ditch liquid conveying system 9000 to be in the outside of ditch 38, such as most preferably by scheming Shown in the plan view from above of 56B.It will be appreciated that though Figure 56 B show that two are installed to component for the two of seed furrow 38 The adjacent ditch liquid conveying system 9000 of side deposit liquid, but the either side in seed furrow 38 can only use an adjacent ditch to convey 9000 deposit liquid of system.In addition, although framing component 10002 is shown as closing support disk/colter of trench system 236 10010 and close furrow wheel 238, but it is to be understood that it is expected to be installed on 248 rears of measurement wheel of trench digging component 234 other or it is attached Add seeder component, can be fixed to the upper and be provided with the framing component 10002 of adjacent ditch transport system 9000.

In the interchangeable embodiment shown in Figure 57 A-57B, the adjacent ditch transport system 9000 of display is installed to another A component 11000.In this embodiment, which includes framing component 11002, and adjacent ditch transport system 9000 is by fixed to closing The installing arm 11010 of trench system 236 close trench system 236 close after furrow wheel 238 or rear is installed to framing component 11002.With previous embodiments, two adjacent ditch liquid conveying systems 9000 can be supported from framing component 11002, by liquid Body is transported to the both sides of seed furrow 38, or an adjacent ditch liquid conveying system 9000 only can be attached to framing component 11002, to convey liquid on the either side of seed furrow 38.

In one embodiment, installing arm 11010 is U-shaped, has the front end for the every side for being bolted to framing component 11002 11012 and formed horizontal surface 11016 L-shaped rear end 11014.Adjacent ditch transport system 9000 is by extend through horizontal surface The bolt 11026 of hole (not shown) in 10016 is attached to horizontal surface 11016.The end that bolt 11026 extends through hole leads to The horizontal loops 9016 for crossing releasing member 9002 are housed in the downside of horizontal surface 11016.Packing ring and nut are by adjacent ditch liquid delivery system The horizontal loops 9016 of system 9000 are fixed to bolt 11026 and installing arm 11010.

In the interchangeable embodiment shown in Figure 57 C, installing arm 11110 includes being bolted to assembling framework 11000 U-shaped front end 11112 per side.The rear end 11114 of installing arm 11110 has outwardly directed lug-mounted 11115, mounting ear Piece 11115 forms horizontal mounting surface 11116, and adjacent ditch liquid conveying system 9000 is by extend through in horizontal surface 11116 The bolt 11126 of hole (not shown) be attached to horizontal mounting surface 11116.The end that bolt 11126 extends through hole passes through The horizontal loops 9016 of releasing member 9002 are housed in the downside of horizontal surface 11116.Packing ring and nut are by adjacent ditch liquid conveying system 9000 horizontal loops 9016 are fixed to bolt 11126 and installing arm 11110.

It should be appreciated that for any embodiment of installing arm 11010 or 11110, the width of installing arm causes adjacent ditch liquid Body conveying system 9000 is in the outside of ditch 38, as most preferably as shown in the top view of Figure 57 B.

As shown in Figure 57 D, installing arm 11010 or 11110 can be secured to the one of the leveling system of frame assembly 11002 Part.

As previously mentioned, in each embodiment of the adjacent ditch liquid conveying system 9000 shown in Figure 54 C-54E and Figure 55 A Any one can be installed to component 10000,11000.It is also understood that conveyed by adjacent ditch liquid conveying system 9000 Liquid can be configured to different liquid being transported to the either side of seed furrow 38.Adjacent ditch liquid conveying system 9000 can be independent Using or with being used in combination by a kind of any of the above described liquid for pressing kind of device to convey.The advantages of combined use, is, can disappear Except through field, reducing soil compression and the infringement to the plant in growth.In addition, liquid can with pass through any of the above described one The liquid of kind pressure kind device conveying is identical or different, so as to allow to customize the liquid for conveying the plant needs for meeting different stages of growth Body (such as, fertilizer).

To those skilled in the art, the embodiment to system and method described herein and General Principle and feature Various modifications will be apparent.Therefore, it is described above and is not limited to dress described herein and being shown in the drawings Put, the embodiment of system and method, but the widest range consistent with appended claims and its equivalent should be endowed.

Claims (52)

1. a kind of liquid application device, for during seeding operation by liquid application to with the first adjacent side and the second adjacent side The neighbouring soil of ditch, it is characterised in that including：

Seeder row unit, it has the trench digging system for being used for opening up seed furrow in the soil；With

At least one neighbour's ditch liquid conveying system, it is installed to the seeder row unit at the trench digging system rear, is used for Inject liquid into the soil neighbouring with least side of the seed furrow；

At least one adjacent ditch liquid conveying system includes：

Releasing member；

Downward extension member, it has the cutter that the direct of travel towards the seeder row unit is set；And

Liquid delivery tube, the direct of travel of its towards the seeder row unit are arranged on the downward extension member.

2. liquid application device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The releasing member extends downwardly member described in allowing Institute of the part on the direction of the direct of travel along the seeder row unit and relative to the seeder row unit State mobile transversely to the direction of travel.

3. liquid application device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The release system extends downwardly member described in allowing Part is moved up in the side of the direct of travel along the seeder row unit.

4. liquid application device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The releasing member is spring.

5. liquid application device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The release system is spring, and it is described to Lower extending element is a part for the spring.

6. liquid application device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The downward extension member is with a vertical angle Spend and the direct of travel away from the seeder row unit is set.

7. liquid application device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The downward extension member includes top with Portion, the direct of travel of the lower part away from the seeder row unit are at an angle of extension with the top.

8. liquid application device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The cutter is towards the seeder row unit The direct of travel is in convex.

9. liquid application device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The cutter and the liquid delivery tube are arranged on Together as a part for integral piece.

10. liquid application device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：At least one adjacent ditch liquid conveying system On assembling framework, the assembling framework is attached to the seeder row unit at the trench digging component rear.

11. liquid application device as claimed in claim 10, it is characterised in that：The assembling framework is directly attached to described open Behind trench system.

12. liquid application device as claimed in claim 10, it is characterised in that：The assembling framework support and described at least one At least one disk that a neighbour's ditch liquid conveying system is substantially aligned with, at least one disk are arranged at least one described in pre-cut Soil in front of a neighbour's ditch liquid conveying system.

13. liquid application device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：At least one adjacent ditch liquid conveying system It is arranged on the seeder row unit for closing trench system rear of the seeder row unit.

14. liquid application device as claimed in claim 13, it is characterised in that：At least one adjacent ditch liquid conveying system It is arranged in the leveling system of the seeder row unit.

15. liquid application device as claimed in claim 14, it is characterised in that：The releasing member is spring, described downward Extending element is a part for the spring, and the releasing member allows the downward extension member along the seeder row The side of the direct of travel of unit moves up, and the direct of travel of the cutter towards the seeder row unit is in convex Shape.

16. liquid application device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that further include：

Pressure kind device, it is installed on the seeder row unit, when the seeder row unit crosses field, the pressure kind device Seed furrow bottom described in resilient engagement；And

First liquid injects conduit, it is installed to the pressure kind device and is arranged to inject liquid into the first of the seed furrow In side wall.

17. liquid application device as claimed in claim 16, it is characterised in that further include：Second liquid injects conduit, it is pacified It is attached to the pressure kind device and is arranged to inject liquid into the second sidewall of the seed furrow.

18. liquid application device as claimed in claim 17, it is characterised in that further include：Liquid manifold, it is installed to described Pressure kind device, the liquid manifold have entrance, first outlet and second outlet, and the first outlet is injected with first liquid Catheter fluid connects, and the second outlet is connected with second liquid injection catheter fluid, the entrance and fluid supply fluid Connection.

19. liquid application device as claimed in claim 16, it is characterised in that：The pressure kind device includes the first alar part, described First alar part is arranged to open up first lateral suture in the first side wall, and the first liquid injection conduit is arranged to note liquid Enter into the first lateral suture.

20. liquid application device as claimed in claim 17, it is characterised in that：The pressure kind device includes the first alar part, described First alar part is arranged to open up first lateral suture in the first side wall, and the first liquid injection conduit is arranged to note liquid Enter into the first lateral suture；And

The pressure kind device includes the second alar part, and second alar part is arranged to open up the second lateral sulcus in the second sidewall, institute Second liquid injection conduit is stated to be arranged to inject liquid into second lateral sulcus.

21. liquid application device as claimed in claim 16, it is characterised in that further include：Reflectivity sensor, it is installed to The pressure kind device.

22. liquid application device as claimed in claim 16, it is characterised in that further include：Conductivity sensor, it is installed to The pressure kind device.

23. liquid application device as claimed in claim 16, it is characterised in that further include：Temperature sensor, it is installed to institute State pressure kind device.

24. liquid application device as claimed in claim 16, it is characterised in that：The liquid injection conduit includes hollow needle.

25. liquid application device as claimed in claim 24, it is characterised in that：The needle set has the first internal diameter, and the pin can It is installed to removing on the pressure kind device so that replacement pin can be used to replace the pin, the replacement needle set has the second internal diameter, Second internal diameter is more than first internal diameter.

26. liquid application device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that further include：

Ground engaging member, it is installed to the seeder row unit, and the ground engaging member is arranged to work as the seeder When row unit crosses field, it is at least partly in the seed furrow；And

First liquid injects conduit, it is installed to the ground engaging member and is arranged to inject liquid into the seed furrow The first side wall in.

27. liquid application device as claimed in claim 26, it is characterised in that further include：Second liquid injects conduit, it is pacified It is attached to the ground engaging member and is arranged to inject liquid into the second sidewall of the seed furrow.

28. liquid application device as claimed in claim 26, it is characterised in that further include：3rd liquid injects conduit, it is pacified It is attached to the ground engaging member and is arranged to inject liquid into the center of the seed furrow.

29. liquid application device as claimed in claim 27, it is characterised in that further include：Liquid manifold, it is installed to described Ground engaging member, the liquid manifold have entrance, first outlet and second outlet, wherein, the first outlet with it is described The injection catheter fluid connection of first liquid, wherein, the second outlet is connected with second liquid injection catheter fluid, its In, the entrance is configured to be placed as and liquid fluid communication.

30. liquid application device as claimed in claim 27, it is characterised in that further include：Liquid manifold, it is installed to described Ground engaging member, the liquid manifold have：First entrance, itself and first outlet and second outlet are in fluid communication, and described the One outlet is connected with first liquid injection catheter fluid, and the second outlet connects with second liquid injection catheter fluid It is logical；Second entrance, itself and the 3rd communication, the 3rd outlet are arranged to inject liquid into the seed furrow The heart, the first entrance and the second entrance are configured to be placed as and liquid fluid communication.

31. liquid application device as claimed in claim 30, it is characterised in that further include：Flow balance valve, it is arranged on institute State between fluid supply and the first entrance and second entrance.

32. liquid application device as claimed in claim 26, it is characterised in that：The ground engaging member includes first wing Portion, it is arranged to open up first lateral suture in the first side wall, and the first liquid injection conduit is arranged to inject liquid into Into the first lateral suture.

33. liquid application device as claimed in claim 26, it is characterised in that：The ground engaging member includes first wing Portion, it is arranged to open up first lateral suture in the first side wall, and the first liquid injection conduit is arranged to inject liquid into Into the first lateral suture；The ground engaging member includes the second alar part, it is arranged to open up in the second sidewall Two lateral sulcus, the second liquid injection conduit are arranged to inject liquid into second lateral sulcus.

34. liquid application device as claimed in claim 26, it is characterised in that：The liquid injection conduit includes pin.

35. liquid application device as claimed in claim 34, it is characterised in that：The needle set has the first internal diameter, and the pin can It is installed to the ground engaging member with removing so that can use and replace the pin replacement pin, the replacement needle set has second Internal diameter, second internal diameter are more than first internal diameter.

36. liquid application device as claimed in claim 26, it is characterised in that：The liquid injection conduit has from valve opening, The exit that the liquid injection conduit is arranged on from valve opening.

37. liquid application device as claimed in claim 36, it is characterised in that：It is described from valve opening be feather valve.

38. liquid application device as claimed in claim 26, it is characterised in that：The liquid injection conduit includes being arranged on institute The movable axis in liquid injection conduit is stated, the outlet of the movable axis towards liquid injection conduit is outwardly biased, thus, stream Enter the liquid flow of liquid injection conduit cause the outwardly biased axis retract open it is described export and allow liquid from Open the outlet.

39. liquid application device as claimed in claim 26, it is characterised in that：The ground engaging member engages the sowing In the bottom of ditch and by the seeder row unit deposition seed anterior position soil.

40. liquid application device as claimed in claim 26, it is characterised in that：The ground engaging member engages the sowing In the bottom of ditch and by the seeder row unit deposition seed rear position soil.

41. liquid application device as claimed in claim 40, it is characterised in that further include：Pressure kind of a device, it is along the sowing The direct of travel of machine row unit is arranged in front of the ground engaging member.

42. liquid application device as claimed in claim 26, it is characterised in that：The ground engaging member is adjusted via height Arm is installed in the housing, and the height regulating arm is pivotably mounted in the housing, to allow to the ground engaging portion Part carries out height adjusting.

43. liquid application device as claimed in claim 26, it is characterised in that：The ground engaging member is installed via spring In the housing, the spring is pivotably mounted in the housing, to allow to hang down to the ground engaging member Straight deflection.

A kind of 44. liquid application system, it is characterised in that including：

At least one neighbour's ditch liquid conveying system, it is installed to the seeder row unit at trench digging system rear, described at least one Adjacent ditch liquid conveying system is arranged to inject liquid into the seed furrow that is formed in the soil by the trench digging system at least In the neighbouring soil in side；

At least one adjacent ditch liquid conveying system includes：

Releasing member；

Downward extension member, it has the cutter that the direct of travel towards the seeder row unit is set；And

Liquid delivery tube, the direct of travel of its towards the seeder row unit are arranged on the downward extension member；

Ground engaging member, it is installed to the seeder row unit and is arranged to be at least partly at the seed furrow It is interior；And

Liquid injects conduit, it is installed to the ground engaging member and is led with liquid fluid communication, the liquid injection Pipe is arranged to the liquid from the fluid supply being injected into the first side wall of the seed furrow.

45. liquid application system as claimed in claim 44, it is characterised in that further include：Liquid flowrate control means, it is configured to Change the amount for the liquid that conduit is injected by the liquid.

46. liquid application system as claimed in claim 45, it is characterised in that further include：

Equipment monitor, itself and the liquid flowrate control means data communication, the equipment monitor is to the liquid flowrate control means Issue the order of liquid application amount；

Global positioning transceiver, it communicates with the equipment monitor data, and the equipment monitor arrangement is into based on by described The position selection liquid application amount of global positioning transceiver report.

47. liquid application system as claimed in claim 46, it is characterised in that further include：Replaceable aperture, itself and the liquid Body injection catheter fluid connection.

48. liquid application system as claimed in claim 47, it is characterised in that：The replaceable aperture is arranged on the liquid Inject the upstream of conduit.

49. liquid application system as claimed in claim 47, it is characterised in that：The replaceable aperture is arranged on the liquid Inject the end of conduit.

50. liquid application system as claimed in claim 49, it is characterised in that：The replaceable aperture includes pin.

51. liquid application system as claimed in claim 50, it is characterised in that：The ground engaging member includes pressure kind device.

52. liquid application system as claimed in claim 44, it is characterised in that：The ground engaging member includes pressure kind device.