CN1079603A - 用于胶片模式检测的方法和装置 - Google Patents
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- H04N7/01—Conversion of standards, e.g. involving analogue television standards or digital television standards processed at pixel level
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Abstract
对于被扫描的胶片源信号的情形,一胶片模式提
供了增加的垂直清晰度。可以与电视信号一起传输
是否存在这种源信号的信息项。对于每一垂直相邻
的象素对检测来自两个相邻场的两个垂直中间象素
的幅度是否处于该象素对的幅值之间的。在每一场
将这些比较结果组合。必须有一定数目以上的与待
识别的胶片模式的图形相对应。该断开的判据不十
分严格。在一预定数目的场中,可能出现一定量的
“伪”组合结果。该胶片模式只有在该数目被超过时
关断。
Description
本发明涉及胶片模式(film-mode)的检测方法和装置。
新电视制式,例如HDMAC和PALplus,在采用扫描胶片源信号的情况中,采用可提高垂直分辨率的一个胶片模式。关于是否有这样的一个源信号的信息项与电视信号一起传输。可是,要在接收机中评价上述信息却可能招致出乎意料的硬件复杂性。此外,不能保证所有的电视发射机或节目编程都能正确地发送该附加信息项。
本发明的基本目的是给出一种胶片模式的检测方法,它具有很低的硬件复杂性和高的可靠性。本发明的目的由权利要求1所述的方法来实现。
对于在某一场n中每一垂直相邻的(高度)象素时,都要进行一个检测,以确知来自两个相邻场n-1和n+1的两个垂直中间像素的幅度是否处在来自场n的像素对的幅度之中。例如,对于有效行的有效象素作这种逐行比较。在每一场内,将这些比较的结果组合。在一定数量的(例如64)场的范围内,这些相组合的结果在任何情形中都必须对应于欲被识别的胶片模式的某种确定的图形。
已经发现,必须采用不同的判据以用于确定在什么时候该胶片模式必须被接通而又在何时该模式必须关断。该关断的判据是很不严格的。在一个预定的场数目(例如64)中,某一“伪”相组合结果的确定数目(如6)可能出现。只有在当该数字被超过时,才关断该胶片模式。为确定该胶片模式的接通条件,最好是将每一场分作预定数目的区段(例如四个),对于每一个区段都要确定其分别的相组合结果。这就提高了识别的可靠性,并使得在相当短的时间之后即可获得一接通的判据。
原理上,根据本发明的方法包括一个胶片模式的检测,其中在任何一种情况中都对于场n中的垂直相邻象素对P2和P3作比较,以便确定分别来自两个相邻场n-1和n+1的两个垂直中间像素P1和P4的幅值是否处于象素对P2和P3的幅值之中,这些比较的结果在一些场中被组合,而且,如果这些组合结果在这些场的一个预定的第一数目(尤其是64)内的各种情形中均与一预定的图形相对应的话,则胶片模式将被置位。假如说对于场的一个预定的第三数目(尤其是7)的组合结果在场的一个预定的第二数目(尤其是64)内的各种情形中均不对应于该预定图形,则该胶片模式被复位。
根据本发明的方法的进一步发展可见于相关的从属权利要求。
本发明的另一个目的基于根据本发明之方法的一个装置。本目的是由权利要求9所述的装置来实现。
在原理上,将来自输入线(IL)的象素取样值提供给根据本发明的装置,这些取样被送到第一场缓冲器(312H1)、第一比较器(COMP1)和第三比较器(COMP3)。第一场缓冲器的输出信号被送到行缓冲器(1H)的输入端、第一比较器(COMP1)和第二比较器(COMP2)。该行缓冲器的输出信号被送到第二场缓冲器(312H2)的输入端、第三比较器(COMP3)和第四比较器(COMP4)。第二场缓冲器的输出信号被送到第二比较器(COMP2)和第四比较器(COMP4),并且这四个比较器的输出都被连接到一个计数控制逻辑单元(CCL),在任何情况下,该CCL都从上述几个比较结果产生出源于若干预定值的结果值,这些结果值在一随后的可逆计数器(UDC)中被结合,而且其产生的符号被随即在一个状态检测器(SD)中估值,并且与用于胶片模式检测的预定图形相比较。在这样一个电路中,尤其是要确定场的各自的相位,并借助于这些信息项,在一个内插器(INT)中产生出帧。
参考下列附图对本发明的示范实施例作描述。其中:
图1示出了在一垂直/暂态平面中的四个象素;
图2示出了具有一个区段的一场;
图3示出了具有四个区段的一场;
图4是用于确定接通条件的具有组合结果的一个表;
图5示出了用于确定断开条件的具有组合结果的一个表;以及
图6示出了根据本发明的一个装置。
根据图1,在每一情况下将来自场n-1的角素P1的幅度和来自n+1场的象素P4的幅度与来自场n的垂直相邻象素P2和P3的幅度相比较。根据这些比较,对于每一象素逐行和逐列地确定三种可能的比较结果:
如果{P1<min(P2,P3)OR P1>max(P2,P3)}AND
{min(P2,P3)-P4-max(P2,P3)}则为+1,
如果{P4<min(P2,P3)OR P4>max(P2,P3)}AND
{min(P2,P3)-P1-max(P2,P3)}则为-1,
其余为0。
对于在每一区段中的每一个象素,其比较结果都利用一个可逆计数器予以相加。相加之后,只有该区段比较结果的和的产生符号才被利用,且形成组合结果。
每一场n,优先象图3那样被分成四个区段S1-S4,以便确定胶片模式的接通条件。根据图2的每一场n,一个区段S1对于确定该胶片模式的关断条件就已经足够了。
在任何时候,对于根据图4的胶片模式接通条件的场F的四个区段S1-S4来说,其每一区段内的组合结果必须是相等的。此外,从场n至场n+63,这些组合的结果必须是在“+”和“-”之间逐场交替地出现。这一点可以由另一个计数器所检测,该计数器在每一检测周期内对于正确的组合结果的数目予以计数。该数目必须达到值:4×64=256。如果在这一流程(scheme)中有错误出现,则建议在下一个场的起始进行检测。
对于根据图5的胶片模式关断条件NF,该组合的结果必须至少是在64个连续场F(每一情况均有一区段S1)中有7场的组合结果偏离了正确流程,即,连续场的组合结果的符号相同。在图5中,标出了7个错误E1-E7。在场m+n中,m=25,第七个错误已经出现,其中m小于64。一个新的检测周期从场m+n开始,否则从场n+64开始新周期。
将来自输入线IL的象素取样信号加到图6的根据本发明的装置上,这些信号被传送到第一场缓冲器312H1(312行)、第一比较器COMP1和第三比较器COMP3。将第一场缓冲器的输出信号提供给一行缓冲器1H、第一比较器COMP1和第三比较器COMP2。行缓冲器的输出信号被提供到第二场缓冲器312H2的输入端、第三比较器COMP3和第四比较器COMP4。第二场缓冲器的输出信号被提供到第二比较器COMP2和第四比较器COMP4。
对于图1中的象素,在每一情况中均可在第一场缓冲器的输入端得到象素P4,在行缓冲器的输入端得到象素P3,在第二场缓冲器得到象素P2及第一场缓冲器的输出端得到象素P1。四个比较器的输出端连接到一个计数控制逻辑单元CCL,该CCL在任一情况中处理图1表示出的比较结果(+1,-1,0),这些比较结果在其后的可逆计数器UDC(“+1”,经U线,“-1”经D线)中组合。
在随后的状态检测器SD中经线S对最后得到的符号作估计,并且像上述的那样检测胶片模式接通条件或胶片模式断开条件,然后经线SW输出。此外,场(第一或第二场)的各自的相位可根据已确定的符号来检测,并可经线FP输出。如果有相应的错误出现,该计数器UDC经线R被复位。
在线SW和FP上的信息项先被用于一随后的内插器INT。在所有情形下,该INT均将象素P1至P4的一个或多个原始值或估计值作为输出线的象素值。对胶片模式的情况,可在该内插器中产生帧。在任何情况下,各帧都含有已经被结合在一块儿的两场。假如无胶片模式出现,就先采用在专利DE-A-4211955中所述的双中介(double median)内插。
此外,色度幅度也可以用根据本发明的方法予以检测,且其结果可以在逻辑上与亮度结果相结合。
本发明也能够用于在发送机侧产生胶片模式信息项,例如对于旧式档案存储材料的情况。
对于PAL制式的情况,已经成功地实现规定的数字值。这些数字值能够简单地根据电视的制式和传输条件来采用。
Claims (10)
1、用于胶片模式检测的方法,其特征在于:在所有情况下都对场n中的垂直相邻象素对P2和P3作比较,以便确定分别来自两个相邻场n-1和n+1的两个垂直中间象素P1和P4的幅值是否处于象素对P2和P3的幅值之间,这些比较的结果在一些场中被组合,而且,如果这些组合的结果在一个预定的场的第一数目(尤其是64)中的任何情形中均是与一预定的图形相对应,则胶片模式被设定。
2、根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于:如果对于一预定的场的第三数目(尤其为7)的组合结果在一预定的场的第二数目(尤其为64)中的任何情形中均不对应于该预定的图形,则该胶片模式被复位。
3、根据权利要求1或2的方法,其特征在于:对于有效行的有效高度和/或色度象素的比较结果是被逐行确定的。
4、根据权利要求1至3中一个或多个权利要求的方法,其特征在于:对于几个场中的几个区段(S1)确定分离的组合结果,几个场被分为区段(S1-S4)预定的第四数目(尤其是4),并且其组合结果对于一场的所有区段必须相等,以便有可能使胶片模式被设定。
5、根据权利要求1至4中一个或多个权利要求的方法,其特征在于其比较结果“+1”、“-1”和“0”如下决定:
如果{P1<min(P2,P3)OR P1>max(P2,P3)}AND
{min(P2,P3)-P4-max(P2,P3)}则为+1,
如果{P4<min(P2,P3)OR P4>max(P2,P3)}AND
{min(P2,P3)-P1-max(P2,P3)}则为-1,
否则为零。
6、根据权利要求1至5中一个或多个权利要求的方法,其特征在于:为确定该组合结果,在每一场或每一区段内的比较结果被逐个象素地相加,尤其是利用一可逆计数器相加,所有情况下的组合结果之关键在于该组合结果的和的符号。
7、根据权利要求1至6中一个或多个权利要求的方法,其特征在于:该图形包括逐场改变的符号。
8、根据权利要求1至7中一个或多个权利要求的方法,其特征在于:用另一个计数器检测与图形的对应性,该计数器对场的第一或第二数目内的正确组合结果计数,如果与图形的对应偏差,则从下一场的起始开始进行检测。
9、根据权利要求1至8中一个或多个权利要求的方法,其特征在于:第一个数目等于第二个数目。
10、使用根据权利要求1或9中一个或多个权利要求的方法的装置,其中,将来自输入线(IL)的象素取样值供给所述装置,这些取样值被送到第一场缓冲器(312H1)、第一比较器(COMP1)和第三比较器(COMP3),第一场缓冲器的输出信号被送到行缓冲器(1H)的输入端、第一比较器(COMP1)和第二比较器(COMP2),该行缓冲器的输出信号被送到第二场缓冲器(312H2)的输入端、第三比较器(COMP3)和第四比较器(COMP4),第二场缓冲器的输出信号被送到第二比较器(COMP2)和第四比较器(COMP4),并且这四个比较器的输出端都连接到一个计数控制逻辑单元(CCL),在任意情况下,该CCL都根据上述几个比较结果产生出源于若干预定值的结果值,这些结果值在一随后的可逆计数器(UDC)中被组合,并在一个状态检测器(SD)中对得到的符号估值,并且与用于胶片模式检测的预定图形相比较,其中,尤其是还要确定场的各自的相位,并借助于这些信息项在一个内插器(INT)中产生出帧。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DEP4213551.6 | 1992-04-24 | ||
DE4213551A DE4213551A1 (de) | 1992-04-24 | 1992-04-24 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Film-Mode-Detektion |
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CN1079603A true CN1079603A (zh) | 1993-12-15 |
CN1041785C CN1041785C (zh) | 1999-01-20 |
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US (1) | US5365273A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0567072B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3522302B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1041785C (zh) |
DE (2) | DE4213551A1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2120458T3 (zh) |
SG (1) | SG43991A1 (zh) |
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-
1992
- 1992-04-24 DE DE4213551A patent/DE4213551A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-04-20 SG SG1996008748A patent/SG43991A1/en unknown
- 1993-04-20 EP EP93106387A patent/EP0567072B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-20 DE DE59308717T patent/DE59308717D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-20 ES ES93106387T patent/ES2120458T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-23 JP JP09761193A patent/JP3522302B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-04-23 US US08/052,048 patent/US5365273A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-23 CN CN93104647A patent/CN1041785C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN1293756C (zh) * | 2001-04-24 | 2007-01-03 | 索尼公司 | 视频信号处理装置,视频信号处理方法以及视频源判定方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0567072A2 (de) | 1993-10-27 |
DE4213551A1 (de) | 1993-10-28 |
DE59308717D1 (de) | 1998-08-06 |
EP0567072B1 (de) | 1998-07-01 |
JPH06105292A (ja) | 1994-04-15 |
ES2120458T3 (es) | 1998-11-01 |
CN1041785C (zh) | 1999-01-20 |
EP0567072A3 (en) | 1994-06-22 |
JP3522302B2 (ja) | 2004-04-26 |
SG43991A1 (en) | 1997-11-14 |
US5365273A (en) | 1994-11-15 |
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