CN107926511A - The close thorn eel grass method for planting of sinking land in coalmining areas depth depression wetland submerged plant - Google Patents
The close thorn eel grass method for planting of sinking land in coalmining areas depth depression wetland submerged plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN107926511A CN107926511A CN201711243946.0A CN201711243946A CN107926511A CN 107926511 A CN107926511 A CN 107926511A CN 201711243946 A CN201711243946 A CN 201711243946A CN 107926511 A CN107926511 A CN 107926511A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of close thorn eel grass method for planting of sinking land in coalmining areas depth depression wetland submerged plant, including：Braiding is used for transplanting the bamboo basket of close thorn eel grass；The paddy soils for being used for transplanting close thorn eel grass are loaded in bamboo basket；The seedling or stem tuber of close thorn eel grass are transplanted in paddy soils in bamboo basket；The stent for adjusting pendency bamboo basket is built, by bamboo basket pendency certain position in water body；According to the growing state of close thorn eel grass, the interior depth in water body of adjustment bamboo basket, until close thorn eel grass can grow naturally in bed mud.This method can play the lake ecological function of depth depression wetland, and improve the land utilization efficiency of depth depression wetland.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ecological engineering technology field, more particularly to a kind of sinking land in coalmining areas depth depression wetland submerged plant
Close thorn eel grass method for planting.
Background technology
Two Hua Areas mining area is located at Basin of Huaihe River stage casing, and rich coal resources, are that coal resources in China exploitation is great with utilizing
Engineering construction area, and one of hundred million tonnes of coal bases of coal in China 13 and six big coal-electricity bases, large-scale coal money
Exploit the land subsidence for causing large area in source.Since two Hua Areas mining area has, high ground-water level, multiple seam repeat exploitation, superposition is sunk
The characteristics of dropping, being influenced by important river, therefore, multiple seam, which repeats exploitation, causes subsidence, forms high ground-water level, non-steady sink is adopted
Coal depression wetland.
Depression wetland is in change procedure within a certain period of time with subsidence, generally there is three types：It is 1. slight heavy
Wetland is fallen into, the still dynamic Subsidence Area in depression, the long-term depth of water is less than 1m, 2. moderate depression wetland, the Subsidence Area of water depth deficiency 2m,
3. depth depression wetland, the depth of water is in the Subsidence Area of more than 2m.
Coal-mining subsidence have impact on original social economy's system, seriously constrain the sustainable development of two Hua Areas mining area social economy
Exhibition；By building efficient primary producer submerged vegetation, the Ecosystem Service of depression wetland aquatic ecosystem is improved, is
Ensure one of Strategic Demand important measure of two Hua Areas mining area Sustainable Socioeconomic Development.Therefore, different types of non-steady sink is adopted
Coal Wetland ecological reconfiguration technique is key issue urgently to be resolved hurrily.
The content of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sinking land in coalmining areas depth depression wetland submerged plant it is close thorn eel grass method for planting,
The lake ecological function of depth depression wetland can be played, and improves the land utilization efficiency of depth depression wetland.
The purpose of the present invention is what is be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of close thorn eel grass method for planting of sinking land in coalmining areas depth depression wetland submerged plant, it is characterised in that including：
Braiding is used for transplanting the bamboo basket of close thorn eel grass；
The paddy soils for being used for transplanting close thorn eel grass are loaded in bamboo basket；
The seedling or stem tuber of close thorn eel grass are transplanted in paddy soils in bamboo basket；
The stent for adjusting pendency bamboo basket is built, by bamboo basket pendency certain position in water body；
According to the growing state of close thorn eel grass, the interior depth in water body of adjustment bamboo basket, until close thorn eel grass can be in bed mud
It is middle to grow naturally.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, due to using the close thorn eel grass of submerged plant as instrument kind, shape
Into submerged vegetation, the primary producer of high productivity is built, bait and breeding place is provided for aquatic animal, plays Aquatic Ecosystem 2
System service function, improves the land utilization efficiency of the sinking land in coalmining areas.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, required use in being described below to embodiment
Attached drawing be briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for this
For the those of ordinary skill in field, without creative efforts, other can also be obtained according to these attached drawings
Attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is depression Wetland Evolution schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of close thorn eel grass plant of sinking land in coalmining areas depth depression wetland submerged plant provided in an embodiment of the present invention
The flow chart of method；
Fig. 3 is schematic diagram below bamboo basket provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to the attached drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Ground describes, it is clear that described embodiment is only part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on this
The embodiment of invention, the every other implementation that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained without making creative work
Example, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The process of natural Succession of Five Lakes is process from depth to shallow, and vegetation development is planted from heavy water, floating leaf to very water and wetland
The process that thing develops.As shown in Figure 1, Subsidence Area wetland is from shallow to the process developed deeply, adopted for different types of non-steady sink
The characteristics of coal wetland formation, the i.e. inverse process of evolution of lakes, depression process is complied with, it is necessary to the heavy water of rapid build adaptability broadness
The aquatic vegetation of the close thorn eel grass of plant, it is quick to form the wetlands ecosystems with efficient productivity, give full play to depth
Subsidence Area Wetland ecological service function and economic benefit.
The problems of in view of at present, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of lake ecological that can play depth depression wetland
Function, high ground-water level, the non-surely heavy sinking land in coalmining areas depth depression wetland of the land utilization efficiency for improving depth depression wetland sink
The close thorn eel grass method for planting of water plant, as shown in Fig. 2, this method mainly includes：
Step 1, braiding are used for transplanting the bamboo basket of close thorn eel grass.
In the embodiment of the present invention, cross hang is done in the bottom of the bamboo basket using skeleton bamboo cane, is woven with longitude and latitude weave,
And the rope of a certain length is fastened in the upper end perforating of each skeleton bamboo cane of the bamboo basket after braiding.
Exemplary, bamboo basket diameter can be 1m, and height can be 0.3m, and the aperture of basket should be less than 1cm, at 4 of bamboo basket
The rope that 4 root longs are 3.5m is fastened in the upper end perforating of skeleton bamboo cane respectively.
Step 2, load the paddy soils for being used for transplanting close thorn eel grass in bamboo basket.
In the embodiment of the present invention, woven bamboo basket bottom is laid with straw bag, and 50kg paddy soils are placed above straw bag, make it
Ensure that rice field soil thickness is in more than 20cm in basket, the soil texture is preferably soft, more than middle fertility.Transplant it is close thorn eel grass before it is right
Paddy soils in bamboo basket carry out adding water, soak soil, ensure ground moistening.
The seedling or stem tuber of close thorn eel grass are transplanted in step 3, the paddy soils in bamboo basket.
The close thorn eel grass of the selected instrument species of the present invention be it is perennial, it is quick by stolon after bed mud field planting
Nourish and generate, and plant can pass the winter naturally in water body, it is not dead, it is not necessary to which that second year is colonized again.
According to the characteristics of non-surely heavy coal mining depth depression wetland, close thorn eel grass is carried out using bamboo basket at the high water level of Project Areas
Plant.In annual mid-March, transplanted using the seedling or stem tuber of close thorn eel grass, its seedling should ensure that its growing way is good for
It is strong, root system is complete, dormancy brood body is full, no disease and pests harm, without weeds, be not dehydrated.
N clumps of seedlings of plant in each bamboo basket, every clump includes n seedling, and seedling is directly planted in paddy soils,
Planting depth is advisable with 5cm~10cm；Or N stem tuber of plant, stem tuber planting system and seedling planting system in each bamboo basket
It is identical.The row, column spacing of each bamboo basket can be 4m.Exemplary, N and n herein can take 15 and 3 respectively.
In the embodiment of the present invention, seedling will select to grow at low water level higher preferable, and height of seedling is in 30cm~35cm
The seedling of left and right, lifting mode is using manual lifting.It is put into long 60cm, wide 45cm after quick metering, in high 35cm plastic crates,
Bandaged with geotextiles, water is sprinkled before transport, to prevent the seedling dehydration in transportational process.
It is noted that keeping stem tuber complete during stem tuber lifting, gently take, put down gently after rising, long 60cm is put into after metering, it is wide
45cm, in high 35cm plastic crates, is bandaged with geotextiles, water is sprinkled before transport, to prevent the stem tuber dehydration in transportational process.
It should ensure that for its growing way of the seedling or stem tuber of plant stalwartness, root system is complete, dormancy brood body is full, without disease pest
Evil, without weeds, be not dehydrated.
It should accomplish when shipping seedling：It is with light packs, put down gently, gently unload, it is ensured that seedling is not damaged.
Quantity should be checked during shipment, checks specification and quality.Seedling haulage time should select in the morning or night, principle
It is upper ensure with rise, with dress, with fortune.To be covered in transportational process, is windproof, is against sunshine, be unable to weight, ensure humidity, prevent from being dehydrated.
Capping is used for protecting the fishing net of close thorn eel grass seedling in step 4, bamboo basket.
Mesh diameter 1cm is capped on bamboo basket after the seedling or stem tuber of close thorn eel grass are transplanted in paddy soils in bamboo basket
Fishing net closing, to prevent herbivorous fishes from gnawing seedling.
Step 5, build for adjust pendency bamboo basket stent, by bamboo basket pendency in water body certain position.
In the embodiment of the present invention, stent is with mao bamboon bar (3) for material, and pedestal upper end fixes a pulley, with bamboo basket
Rope, according to water transparency, will transplant the bamboo basket pendency for having close thorn eel grass seedling or stem tuber in water body by pulley
Certain position.
Step 6, the growing state according to close thorn eel grass, the interior depth in water body of adjustment bamboo basket, until close thorn eel grass can
Grown naturally in bed mud.
The seedling of close thorn eel grass or stem tuber ecological index transplanted in bamboo frame are monitored on schedule, it is high according to growth
Degree, by stent top sheave, gradually sink bamboo basket；When average plant height reaches pre-provisioning request, bamboo basket is sunk on bed mud completely,
It is set to be grown naturally in bed mud.
In the embodiment of the present invention, bamboo basket should be initially placed on away from the water surface at 10cm~30cm, and with close thorn eel grass
Bamboo basket is gradually transferred in growth, was generally transferred 7cm every 7 days under natural situation, is made bamboo basket Nei Mici eel grass to meet to grow all the time
Depth of water requirement.When plant be averaged plant height reach 1.3m~1.5m when, bamboo basket is sunk on bed mud completely, makes its natural in bed mud
Growth.
Fluctuation of water table scope will be controlled within the amplitude that close thorn eel grass is born, and long-time water level is excessive to be caused in bamboo basket
Close thorn eel grass plant is dead.Water level is too low to make bamboo basket Nei Mici eel grass expose the surface and be burnt by day, as bed mud is exposed, can cause close
Eel grass is pierced because dehydration is dead.Therefore the height of bamboo basket according to water level conditions and seedling or tuber growth situation, should be adjusted in time,
Bamboo basket suitably above carries when if water level goes up；During water level decreasing, bamboo basket is suitably transferred, and remains bamboo basket Nei Mici eel grass spacing water
Face is at 10cm~30cm.
The beneficial effect of such scheme of the present invention is：According to the spy of high ground-water level, non-steady heavy coal mining depth depression wetland
Point, the close thorn eel grass of kind planting submerged plant of adaptation to local conditions, forms submerged vegetation, builds the primary producer of high productivity, be water
Lively thing provides bait and breeding place, plays aquatic ecosystem and repaiies Ecosystem Service, improves the soil profit of the sinking land in coalmining areas
Use efficiency.
The present invention is described in detail with reference to specific example.
The hydrologic process in natural lake be October in the first year to second year April be dry season, May to October is rich
The water phase, it is consistent, i.e. dry season water level in April with hydrologic process that the growth and development process of the submerged plant in natural lake, which is,
Low, submerged plant starts germination and growth, and with gradually stepping up for water level, submerged plant can be grown into, finally in the wet season
Submerged plant grows to highest.And the sinking land in coalmining areas hydrology is metastable, the particularly depth of water is in the sinking land in coalmining areas of more than 2m
Depth depression wetland, the low water level condition required by submerged plant sprouts and grows early period do not possess.The embodiment of the present invention
It is that the close thorn eel grass of submerged plant is planted in bamboo basket, treats the side that close thorn eel grass seedling gradually grows tall and gradually sinks on schedule
Method, to solve the problem that submerged plant is colonized in sinking land in coalmining areas depth depression wetland.
In this example, in the Huainan City east occasion ecological park sinking land in coalmining areas, depth depression wetland has carried out close thorn eel grass plant skill
Art research, the method for exploring the close thorn eel grass field planting of depth depression wetland, successfully constructs close thorn eel grass submerged vegetation.
Specific implementation step and require to include：
Braiding is used for transplanting the bamboo basket of close thorn eel grass：
1st, bamboo basket requires braiding bottom to do cross hang using skeleton bamboo cane, based on longitude and latitude weave.Bamboo basket is a diameter of
1m, high 0.3m, the aperture of basket should be less than 1cm.And the upper end perforating of 4 skeleton bamboo canes in bamboo basket fastens 4 root longs and is respectively
The rope of 3.5m.
2nd, the paddy soils for being used for transplanting close thorn eel grass are loaded：
Woven bamboo basket bottom is laid with straw bag, and 50kg paddy soils are placed above straw bag, it is ensured paddy soils in basket
Thickness is in more than 20cm, and the soil texture is preferably soft, more than middle fertility.Transplant close pierce before eel grass to the paddy soils in bamboo basket
Carry out adding water, soak soil, ensure ground moistening.
3rd, the close seedling or stem tuber for piercing eel grass of plant in basket：
According to the characteristics of non-surely heavy coal mining depth depression wetland, close thorn eel grass is carried out using bamboo basket at the high water level of Project Areas
Plant.In annual mid-March, transplanted using the seedling or stem tuber of close thorn eel grass, its seedling should ensure that its growing way is good for
It is strong, root system is complete, dormancy brood body is full, no disease and pests harm, without weeds, be not dehydrated.15 clumps of seedlings of plant in each bamboo basket, often
3 seedlings of clump, seedling are directly planted in paddy soils, planting depth is advisable with 5cm~10cm；Or planted in each bamboo basket
Plant 3 stem tubers, the same seedling of stem tuber planting system.The row, column spacing of each bamboo basket is 4m.
4th, capping is used for protecting the close fishing net for piercing eel grass seedling on bamboo basket：
Closed around bamboo basket with the fishing net of mesh diameter 1cm, to prevent herbivorous fishes from gnawing seedling.
5th, the stent for having close thorn eel grass seedling bamboo basket for plant of dangling is built：
For stent using 3 mao bamboon bars as material, pedestal upper end fixes a pulley, passes through pulley, foundation with the rope on bamboo basket
Water transparency, will transplant has the close bamboo basket pendency certain position in water body for piercing eel grass seedling.
6th, plant of gradually sinking has the bamboo basket of the seedling of close thorn eel grass：
It is 1 that depth of water requirement, which is transplanted, with transparency ratio:Less than 1, the requirement of the growth depth of water is 2 with transparency ratio:Less than 1.
During operation, bamboo basket should be initially placed on away from the water surface at 10cm~30cm, as the growth of close thorn eel grass should gradually transfer bamboo basket,
7cm generally was transferred every 7 days, maintains bamboo basket Nei Mici eel grass to meet to grow depth of water requirement all the time.The plant height until plant is averaged
When reaching 1.3m~1.5m, bamboo basket is sunk on bed mud completely, it is grown naturally in bed mud.
7th, the ecological index of close thorn eel grass seedling：
1. in late April, 2017 to October, monthly 2 lifes to test block bamboo basket Nei Mici eel grass seedlings in this 6 months
Long situation is monitored.Development condition is good after close thorn eel grass seedling transplanting in April, and close thorn eel grass seedling leaf length is
34cm, cover degree reaches 30% in bamboo basket.
2. in May, 2017, close thorn eel grass grew fine, cover degree reaches 40% in bamboo basket, leaf length average out to 56cm.
3. in June, 2017 close thorn eel grass well-grown, leaf length average out to 84cm, root-like stock average length are
12.3cm, average every plant of root-like stock, which can be sprouted, produces 3 new plants.
4. in July, 2017, close thorn eel grass grew into epacme, density, cover degree, height, biomass all substantially increase.
Bamboo basket Nei Mici eel grass cover degrees reach 90%, leaf length average out to 99cm, root-like stock length average out to 12.6cm, average every plant of root
Shape stem, which can be sprouted, produces 4 new plants.
5. the close thorn eel grass of part of in August, 2017 enters the flowering phase, growth progressivelyes reach peak.Cover degree reaches in bamboo basket
95%, leaf length average out to 105cm, mean leaf number are 9/.
6. the close thorn eel grass investigation of part of in September, 2017 finds that eel grass has initially entered the solid stage, growth reaches peak.Bamboo basket
Interior cover degree reaches 98%, and leaf length averagely reaches 1.4m, and mean leaf number is 11/.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention be not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art is in the technical scope of present disclosure, the change or replacement that can readily occur in,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be with the protection model of claims
Subject to enclosing.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. close thorn eel grass method for planting of sinking land in coalmining areas depth depression wetland submerged plant, it is characterised in that including：Braiding is used for transplanting the bamboo basket of close thorn eel grass；The paddy soils for being used for transplanting close thorn eel grass are loaded in bamboo basket；The seedling or stem tuber of close thorn eel grass are transplanted in paddy soils in bamboo basket；The stent for adjusting pendency bamboo basket is built, by bamboo basket pendency certain position in water body；According to the close growing state for piercing eel grass, the interior depth in water body of adjustment bamboo basket, until close thorn eel grass can be in bed mud certainly So growth.
- 2. the close thorn eel grass method for planting of a kind of sinking land in coalmining areas depth depression wetland submerged plant according to claim 1, It is characterized in that,Cross hang is done in the bottom of the bamboo basket using skeleton bamboo cane, is woven with longitude and latitude weave, and the bamboo basket after braiding The rope of a certain length is fastened in the upper end perforating of each skeleton bamboo cane.
- 3. the close thorn eel grass method for planting of a kind of sinking land in coalmining areas depth depression wetland submerged plant according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, the seedling of close thorn eel grass or stem tuber are transplanted in the paddy soils in bamboo basket to be included：N clumps of seedlings of plant in each bamboo basket, every clump includes n seedling, and seedling is directly planted in paddy soils；It is or every N stem tuber of plant, stem tuber planting system are identical with seedling planting system in a bamboo basket.
- A kind of 4. close thorn eel grass plant side of sinking land in coalmining areas depth depression wetland submerged plant according to claim 1 or 3 Method, it is characterised in that fishing net is capped on bamboo basket after the seedling or stem tuber of close thorn eel grass are transplanted in the paddy soils in bamboo basket.
- 5. the close thorn eel grass method for planting of a kind of sinking land in coalmining areas depth depression wetland submerged plant according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, the stent built for adjusting pendency bamboo basket, bamboo basket pendency certain position in water body is included：For stent using mao bamboon bar as material, pedestal upper end fixes a pulley, transparent according to water body with the rope on bamboo basket by pulley Degree, will transplant has the close bamboo basket pendency certain position in water body for piercing eel grass seedling or stem tuber.
- 6. the close thorn eel grass method for planting of a kind of sinking land in coalmining areas depth depression wetland submerged plant according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, the growing state according to close thorn eel grass, the interior depth in water body of adjustment bamboo basket, until close thorn eel grass can Growth includes naturally in bed mud：The seedling of close thorn eel grass or stem tuber ecological index transplanted in bamboo frame are monitored on schedule, according to growing height, By stent top sheave, gradually sink bamboo basket；When average plant height reaches pre-provisioning request, bamboo basket is sunk on bed mud completely, is made It grows naturally in bed mud.
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