CN107907433A - Nano impress representative region is micro- to rotate leveling platform - Google Patents

Nano impress representative region is micro- to rotate leveling platform Download PDF

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CN107907433A
CN107907433A CN201711132451.0A CN201711132451A CN107907433A CN 107907433 A CN107907433 A CN 107907433A CN 201711132451 A CN201711132451 A CN 201711132451A CN 107907433 A CN107907433 A CN 107907433A
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hole
micro
sample
nano
out against
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CN107907433B (en
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杨庆生
刘志远
刘扶庆
郭志明
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Beijing University of Technology
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Beijing University of Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/40Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0058Kind of property studied
    • G01N2203/0076Hardness, compressibility or resistance to crushing
    • G01N2203/0078Hardness, compressibility or resistance to crushing using indentation

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses the micro- rotation leveling platform of nano impress representative region, tested sample is embedded in the sample cup for liquid of rust free, wear resistance, after grinding and polishing so that tested sample upper surface is with sample cup for liquid top edge with high, both it ensure that tested sample had higher stiffness, it is not plastically deformed during holding out against afterwards, can also quickly obtains the plane of high quality;Conventional torque screwdriver is mainly used for preventing from destroying equipment due to exerting oneself excessive, the changing of the relative positions will not occur in the loading procedure of micro-nano-scale for the sample after holding out against jackscrew with it, by normal screws knife continue to hold out against jackscrew can microcell produce the rotation of minute yardstick without causing whole clamp structure to loosen;The present invention is realized by mechanical leveling method, of low cost, small, and be engaged with the chuck of nano-hardness tester, save space just with popularization.

Description

Nano impress representative region is micro- to rotate leveling platform
Technical field
Representative region of the present invention is micro- to rotate the leveling relatives of Taiwan compatriots living on the Mainland in a kind of micro nanometer mechanics test clamping device, is particularly Sample rotating clamping device when passing through nano-indentation experiment, belongs to nano-indentation experiment technical field.
Background technology
In nano-indentation experiment, loading-depth curve is obtained by pressure head pressing in sample, this curve embodies material The information enriched in process of press in.The elasticity modulus and hardness of these information extraction material properties, such as material can be passed through. The contact area of remaining impression is obtained when conventional hardness is tested by being observed after experiment, to calculate material property, and nano impress Method be by contact depth conversion into contact area, then one is how accurately to measure this contact the problem of important Area.The pressure head used for typical Nanoindentation, such as Berkovich pressure heads, spherical indenter and columned pressure head, this The characteristics of a little pressure heads is that the shape of pressure head is all geometry self similarity.When the vertical specimen surface of tested sample, instrument passes through pressure Change in depth during entering can directly convert the change of contact area.
In fact, conventional nano indentation test pressing direction is to ignore with error caused by specimen surface out of plumb 's.Although all nano-hardness testers are furnished with grain-clamping table, it acts as fixed tested sample, reduces the shadow that structural compliance is brought Ring.This kind of grain-clamping table using when need the column sample after grinding and polishing being put into, then hold out against lateral jackscrew, for by machinery plus This kind of grain-clamping table fixed effect of typical cylindrical sample that work obtains is fine, and tested cylinder sample upper surface is vertical with pressing direction, Deviation is minimum, the requirement of composite Nano impression test.For the test specimen conventionally used for nano-indentation experiment, it is often necessary to pass through machinery Polish to obtain column sample.Manually or automatically rub proofness caused by quality of finish and measured material heterogeneity is non-homogeneous Property, all determine that the test specimen conventionally used for nano-indentation experiment has certain deviation compared with standard specimen, not as being machined The sample standard arrived.For this non-type cylindric sample, load the unilateral laterally and tightly propped folder that nano-hardness tester provides After holding platform, the angle of test plane can not be adjusted.This to need to focus on repeatedly when testing plane reconnaissance, influences work effect Rate.Most of all, when test plane out of plumb pressing direction can bring error.The blessing platform that Conventional nano impression is equipped with is to this Class error is helpless.For heterogeneous material, since different phase rub proofnesses are different in material, even if in the ideal case, Grinding and polishing by high quality is also that can not obtain the plane of completely vertical pressing direction.
Simplification of the nano impress method as complexity abrasion, it can be estimated that the binding ability of film and base material, test interface knot Close intensity and friction coefficient.It can be used for mechanical property of the fibre reinforced composites under various temperature conditionss and cut-in characteristic Between relation, analysis viscoplasticity to be included in resistance influence.With developing rapidly for Compound Material Engineering, people are increasingly closed Its surface of the heart and inside it is microcosmic so that receive see mechanical property.Nano impress can be tested as a kind of experimental method in situ For judging interface phase morphology, during yet with the linearly increasing load mode of maneuvering load and the constant load mode of load, pressure head Tested sample depth non-constant value is included in, out of phase load is streaked and is unable to quantitative comparison, so being included in by feedback control constant The method of depth, carrys out quantitative study load change, and then the zone of influence of substrate effect and border effect, i.e. interface are judged by it Phase, then carry out indentation test, it is possible to obtain out of phase test result.The blindness of indentation test is avoided, improves reality The confidence level of result is tested, the composite material each component performance that no border effect influences can be obtained.Realizing this key problem in technology is How tested region is adjusted so that the vertical pressing direction of typical tested region.Bone-calcified bone sample is canonical biometric composite wood Material, since its water content is big and the material property of composite construction, surface angle is extremely complex.In an experiment around sample Moisture retention liquid small change is had due to its ion concentration of volatilizing, this makes its ion exchange between sample be to carry out always , this ion exchange can cause the sample different tissues phase water content after grinding and polishing to change so that measured surface can occur Regionality is uncertain to be increased or reduces, and also allows for tested sample and often occurs different planes in zonule.Such as Fruit needs to carry out the impression or cut perpendicular to specimen surface in these planes, and one can adjust small region plane inclination angle Method be essential.
It is as follows that conventional leveling technology is used for nano-indentation experiment main problem:
1st, specimen shape changes after conventional damascene process grinding and polishing, can not both ensure that tested sample has higher stiffness, It is plastically deformed after holding out against, can not quickly obtains the plane of high quality.
2nd, in conventional nano impression test, usually ignore the influence that specimen surface inclination angle is brought, directly pass through compression distance Convert geometry self similarity pressure head contact area so that the elasticity modulus of measurement is less than normal.
What the 3rd, conventional single point contacted holds out against mode, can not hold out against the non-type cylindrical sample of shape so that sample exists Larger rotation occurs in the chuck of nano-hardness tester, the surface angle of generation significantly increases measurement error.
4th, conventional nano mark test method can not ensure the vertical pressing direction of tested representative region, sample and pressure in high precision The relative altitude of head can change, and can not realize permanent depth cut.
5th, it can not be realized the leveling of typical minute yardstick region conventionally by the rotation of simple and mechanical control, it is vertically pressed into Direction.
6th, conventional leveling platform, expensive and volume is larger, is unsuitable for being placed in nano-hardness tester small space and carrying out Leveling.
The content of the invention
A kind of leveling technology for being used for permanent depth cut of the present invention can be sent out to avoid sample in the chuck of nano-hardness tester It is raw to rotate, the plane perpendicular to pressing direction is not only obtained, but also cause the larger sample of arbitrary surfaces waviness by micrometer The region of degree can also vertical pressing direction, solve the error that the pre- pressing direction out of plumb of tested plane is brought, it is more so that logical The permanent depth cut of Nanoindentation progress is crossed to be possibly realized.It is of the invention to be realized by mechanical leveling method, of low cost, volume It is small, and be combined with the chuck of nano-hardness tester, save space just with popularization.
The key of the present invention is embedded in the sample cup for liquid of rust free, wear resistance in by tested sample, so that tested sample after grinding and polishing Upper surface, with height, both ensure that tested sample has higher stiffness, did not moulded during holding out against afterwards with sample cup for liquid top edge Property deformation, can also quickly obtain the plane of high quality;Conventional torque screwdriver is mainly used for preventing excessive and broken due to exerting oneself The changing of the relative positions will not occur in the loading procedure of micro-nano-scale, pass through normal screws for bad equipment, the sample after holding out against jackscrew with it Knife continues to hold out against jackscrew can be so that microcell produces the rotation of minute yardstick without causing whole clamp structure to loosen;When adjustment A, B is with after high, when finely tuning C, D, since AB directions are vertical with CD directions, A, B will not genetic method phase the mutual changing of the relative positions, and C, D can be with Three, AB directions jackscrew is axis, and micro- rotation is done in the plane of vertical A, B midpoint, until C, D are same high with height, that is, A, B, C, D.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:Nano impress representative region is micro- to rotate leveling platform, and stage body (1) is leveling platform Agent structure, be provided with that the first cylinder is accommodating hole (2), and stage body (1) and the first cylinder are accommodating at the central upper portion of stage body (1) Be provided with first through hole (3) and fourth hole (6) between hole (2), the radial direction of first through hole (3) and the radial direction of fourth hole (6) it Between angle be 90 °;The second through hole of through hole (4), the are equipped with the first of first through hole (3) offside the cylinder accommodating hole (2) Three through holes (5), fifth hole (7) and the 6th through hole are equipped with first cylinder accommodating hole (2) of fourth hole (6) offside (8).Rectangle is provided with the lower central of stage body (1) and houses hole (10), rectangle house be evenly equipped with hole (10) four through holes (11, 12,13,14).Screw thread is evenly equipped with through hole, screw thread is engaged with jackscrew.Sample cup for liquid (15) is placed on the accommodating hole of the first cylinder (2) in, sample cup for liquid (15) and the first cylinder accommodating hole (2) are contour, and the overall diameter of sample cup for liquid (15) is described less than the first cylinder The interior diameter of hole (2) is put, the central upper portion of sample cup for liquid (15) is provided with the second cylinder and houses hole (16).At the center of cover board (17) It is provided with observation window (18);The four corners of stage body (1) are provided with connecting hole (19,20,21,22), and the four corners of cover board (17) are provided with company Connect hole (23,24,25,26), the connecting hole (19,20,21,22) of stage body (1) and the connecting hole (23,24,25,26) of cover board (17) It is bolted.
The height difference of the height difference of second through hole (4) and third through-hole (5), fifth hole (7) and the 6th through hole (8) is 3 to 15 Millimeter.
The material of sample cup for liquid (15) is abrasion-proof stainless steel.
The overall diameter of sample cup for liquid (15) is less than accommodating 1 to 2 millimeter of hole interior diameter.
1 to 2 millimeter of cover sheet thickness.
The micro- method for rotating leveling platform and being tested of representative region, comprises the following steps that:Tested sample is embedded in first In second cylinder accommodating hole (16), by grinding, polishing so that tested sample upper surface same sample cup for liquid (15) top edge is same One plane.Sample cup for liquid (15) is fitted into the first cylinder accommodating hole (2), the connecting hole on stage body (1) is bolted (19-22) and the connecting hole (23-26) on cover board (17), jackscrew in all through holes (3-8,11-14) is held out against with torque screwdriver. Cover board (17) is laid down, stage body (1) is put into the chuck of nano-hardness tester, passes through micro- sem observation minute yardstick square area to be measured Domain.
Zone level left and right sides central point A and B to be measured are focused on respectively, and when A is higher than B, third through-hole is held out against with screwdriver (6) jackscrew is same high until A and B, and when A is less than B, the jackscrew of fifth hole (7) is held out against until A and B is the same as high with screwdriver.Point Region upper and lower sides central point C and D to be measured are not focused on, and when observing that C is higher than D, the 7th through hole (11) is held out against with normal screws knife Middle jackscrew is until C and D is the same as high;When observing that C is less than D, with normal screws knife hold out against in the 8th through hole (12) jackscrew until C and D is the same as high.
Torque screwdriver uses no more than 0.4 N rice of moment of torsion.
Minute yardstick square a length of 100 microns to 500 microns of regional edge to be measured.
The present invention can solve the problems, such as to bring when conventional method tests calcified bone mechanical property, conventional damascene process grinding and polishing Specimen shape changes afterwards, can not both ensure that tested sample has higher stiffness, is plastically deformed after holding out against, can not be fast Speed obtains the plane of high quality;
In conventional nano impression test, usually ignore the influence that specimen surface inclination angle is brought, directly changed by compression distance Calculate geometry self similarity pressure head contact area so that the elasticity modulus of measurement is less than normal;
Conventional single point contact holds out against mode, can not hold out against the non-type cylindrical sample of shape so that sample is being received Larger rotation occurs in the chuck of rice impression instrument, the surface angle of generation significantly increases measurement error;Conventional nano impression Test method can not ensure the tested vertical pressing direction of representative region in high precision, and the relative altitude of sample and pressure head can become Change, can not realize permanent depth cut;It can not be realized the leveling of typical minute yardstick region conventionally by the rotation of simple and mechanical control, Make its vertical pressing direction;Conventional leveling platform, expensive and volume is larger, is unsuitable for being placed in nano-hardness tester small space And carry out leveling.
The present invention occurs to deflect it is possible to prevente effectively from clamping off-standard size sample using the objective table of nano-hardness tester, The uniform sample test surfaces perpendicular to pressing direction can be not only obtained, the non-homogeneous examination perpendicular to pressing direction can also be obtained Sample minute yardstick test surfaces.The error caused by test surfaces and pressing direction out of plumb is reduced, is that permanent depth nano impress is matched somebody with somebody Cover clamping device.The present invention is realized by mechanical leveling method, of low cost, small, and with the chuck phase of nano-hardness tester Coordinate, save space just with popularization.
Brief description of the drawings
The micro- inverted structure schematic diagram for rotating leveling platform of Fig. 1 representative regions.
The structure diagram of Fig. 2 sample cup for liquid.
The structure diagram of Fig. 3 cover boards.
The structure diagram of Fig. 4 jackscrews.
The structure diagram of Fig. 5 bolts.
Fig. 6 representative region leveling schematic diagrames.
In figure:1st, stage body, the 2, first accommodating hole of cylinder, 3, first through hole, the 4, second through hole, 5, third through-hole, 6, the Four through holes, 7, fifth hole, the 8, the 6th through hole, 9, cup body, 10, rectangle house hole, the 11, the 7th through hole, the 12, the 8th through hole, 13, 9th through hole, the 14, the tenth through hole, the accommodating hole of the 15, sample cup for liquid, 16, second cylinder, 17, cover board, 18, observation window, 19, first Connecting hole, the 20, second connecting hole, the 21, the 3rd connecting hole, the 22, the 4th connecting hole, the 23, the 5th connecting hole, the 24, the 6th connecting hole, 25th, the 7th connecting hole, the 26, the 8th connecting hole.
Embodiment
Representative region of the present invention is micro- to rotate leveling platform, it is characterised in that:Comprise the following steps that:Tested sample is inlayed first In the second cylinder accommodating hole (16), by grinding, polishing so that tested sample upper surface same sample cup for liquid (15) top edge exists Same plane.Sample cup for liquid (15) is loaded into the first cylinder and houses hole (2), the connecting hole on stage body (1) is bolted (19-22) and the connecting hole (23-26) on cover board (17), jackscrew in all through holes (3-8,11-14) is held out against with torque screwdriver. Cover board (17) is laid down, stage body (1) is put into the chuck of nano-hardness tester, passes through micro- sem observation minute yardstick square area to be measured Domain.Region left and right sides central point A and B to be measured are focused on respectively, when A is higher than B, is held out against fourth hole (6) with normal screws knife and are pushed up Silk is same high until A and B, and when A is less than B, fifth hole (7) jackscrew is held out against until A and B is the same as high with normal screws knife.Gather respectively Burnt region upper and lower sides central point C and D to be measured, when observing that C is higher than D, top in the 7th through hole (11) is held out against with normal screws knife Silk is until C and D is the same as high;When observing that C is less than D, jackscrew is held out against in the 8th through hole (12) until C and D are same with normal screws knife It is high.
1 leveling Ni of example3Al representative regions, reduce error caused by tested area's out of plumb pressing direction
The Ni that will have been welded first3Al materials are embedded in accommodating hole, ensure tested typical case Ni3Al regions upward, and are higher than 1 millimeter of sample cup for liquid edge.By grinding, polishing so that tested sample upper surface is with sample cup for liquid top edge in same plane.Will examination Sample cup enters accommodating hole, and the connecting hole on the connecting hole and cover board on stage body is bolted, and institute is held out against with torque screwdriver There is jackscrew in through hole.Cover board is laid down, stage body is put into the chuck of nano-hardness tester, passes through micro- sem observation 100 microns × 100 Micron region to be measured.Region left and right sides central point A and B to be measured are focused on respectively, and when A is higher than B, through hole is held out against with normal screws knife Jackscrew is same high until A and B, and when A is less than B, through hole jackscrew is held out against until A and B is the same as high with normal screws knife.Focus on respectively to be measured Region upper and lower sides central point C and D, when observing that C is higher than D, jackscrew is held out against in through hole until C and D is the same as high with normal screws knife; When observing that C is less than D, jackscrew is held out against in through hole until C and D is the same as high with normal screws knife.Regional center position to be measured is positioned, Measure Ni3Al modular ratio documents are high by 15%, illustrate since measured material out of plumb pressing direction is really so that measure elasticity Modulus is less than normal.
2 leveling articular cartilage representative region of example, complies with permanent depth cut requirement
Articular cartilage is embedded in accommodating hole first, ensures the recombination region court for including bone-calcified bone-articular cartilage On, and it is higher than 2 millimeters of sample cup for liquid edge.By grinding, polishing so that test surfaces are with sample cup for liquid top edge in same plane.Will Sample cup for liquid loads accommodating hole, and the connecting hole on the connecting hole and cover board on stage body is bolted, is held out against with torque screwdriver Jackscrew in all through holes.Lay down cover board, stage body be put into the chuck of nano-hardness tester, by micro- 200 microns of sem observation × 200 microns of regions to be measured.Region left and right sides central point A and B to be measured are focused on respectively, when A is higher than B, are held out against with normal screws knife Through hole jackscrew is same high until AB, and when A is less than B, through hole jackscrew is held out against until AB is the same as high with normal screws knife.Focus on respectively to be measured Region upper and lower sides central point C and D, when observing that C is higher than D, jackscrew is held out against in through hole until C D are the same as high with normal screws knife; When observing that C is less than D, jackscrew is held out against in through hole until C D are the same as high with normal screws knife.Region left margin to be measured is positioned to carry out Series of parallel permanent depth cut, observation measure result stabilization, no jump point and breakpoint, illustrate that the invention is suitable for nano impress Leveling before method perseverance depth cut.

Claims (8)

1. nano impress representative region is micro- to rotate leveling platform, it is characterised in that:Stage body (1) be leveling platform agent structure, stage body (1) it is accommodating hole (2) that the first cylinder is provided with central upper portion, stage body (1) and the first cylinder, which house, is provided with the between hole (2) One through hole (3) and fourth hole (6), the angle between the radial direction of first through hole (3) and the radial direction of fourth hole (6) is 90 °;With First cylinder accommodating hole (2) of first through hole (3) offside is equipped with the second through hole of through hole (4), third through-hole (5), with the 4th First cylinder accommodating hole (2) of through hole (6) offside is equipped with fifth hole (7) and the 6th through hole (8);The lower part of stage body (1) Rectangle is provided with center and houses hole (10), rectangle houses in hole (10) and is evenly equipped with four through holes (11,12,13,14);In through hole Screw thread is furnished with, screw thread is engaged with jackscrew;Sample cup for liquid (15) is placed in the first cylinder accommodating hole (2), sample cup for liquid (15) with First cylinder accommodating hole (2) is contour, and the overall diameter of sample cup for liquid (15) is less than the interior diameter of the first cylinder accommodating hole (2), examination It is accommodating hole (16) that the central upper portion of sample cup (15) is provided with the second cylinder;Observation window (18) is provided with the center of cover board (17);Platform The four corners of body (1) are provided with connecting hole (19,20,21,22), and the four corners of cover board (17) are provided with connecting hole (23,24,25,26), The connecting hole (19,20,21,22) of stage body (1) is bolted with the connecting hole (23,24,25,26) of cover board (17).
2. nano impress representative region according to claim 1 is micro- to rotate leveling platform, it is characterised in that:Second through hole (4) With the height difference of third through-hole (5), the height difference of fifth hole (7) and the 6th through hole (8) is 3 to 15 millimeters.
3. nano impress representative region according to claim 1 is micro- to rotate leveling platform, it is characterised in that:Sample cup for liquid (15) Material is abrasion-proof stainless steel.
4. nano impress representative region according to claim 1 is micro- to rotate leveling platform, it is characterised in that:Sample cup for liquid (15) Overall diameter is less than accommodating 1 to 2 millimeter of hole interior diameter.
5. nano impress representative region according to claim 1 is micro- to rotate leveling platform, it is characterised in that:Cover sheet thickness 1 to 2 Millimeter.
6. nano impress representative region according to claim 1 is micro- to rotate leveling platform, it is characterised in that:Micro- turn of representative region The method that dynamic leveling platform is tested, comprises the following steps that:It is accommodating hole (16) that tested sample is embedded in the second cylinder first In, by grinding, polishing so that tested sample upper surface same sample cup for liquid (15) top edge is in same plane;By sample cup for liquid (15) It is fitted into the first cylinder accommodating hole (2), is bolted on the connecting hole (19-22) on stage body (1) and cover board (17) Connecting hole (23-26), jackscrew in all through holes (3-8,11-14) is held out against with torque screwdriver;Cover board (17) is laid down, by stage body (1) it is put into the chuck of nano-hardness tester, passes through micro- sem observation minute yardstick square region to be measured;
Zone level left and right sides central point A and B to be measured are focused on respectively, and when A is higher than B, third through-hole (6) is held out against with screwdriver Jackscrew is same high until A and B, and when A is less than B, the jackscrew of fifth hole (7) is held out against until A and B is the same as high with screwdriver;Gather respectively Burnt region upper and lower sides central point C and D to be measured, when observing that C is higher than D, top in the 7th through hole (11) is held out against with normal screws knife Silk is until C and D is the same as high;When observing that C is less than D, jackscrew is held out against in the 8th through hole (12) until C and D are same with normal screws knife It is high.
7. nano impress representative region according to claim 1 is micro- to rotate leveling platform, it is characterised in that:Torque screwdriver makes With no more than 0.4 N rice of moment of torsion.
8. nano impress representative region according to claim 1 is micro- to rotate leveling platform, it is characterised in that:Minute yardstick square A length of 100 microns to 500 microns of regional edge to be measured.
CN201711132451.0A 2017-11-15 2017-11-15 Nano indentation typical region micro-rotation leveling platform Expired - Fee Related CN107907433B (en)

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CN109870476A (en) * 2019-03-27 2019-06-11 哈尔滨工业大学 A kind of method that ceramic matric composite mechanical property quickly characterizes
CN110361247A (en) * 2019-07-16 2019-10-22 上海海事大学 A kind of preparation method of sample for nano impress Study on Steel fiber cement-based material median surface transition region performance
CN110455657A (en) * 2019-08-28 2019-11-15 北京工业大学 A kind of hydrogel nano impress region fine regulating device
CN111948205A (en) * 2019-05-17 2020-11-17 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司 Sample placing block, sample placing device and sample detection method thereof

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