CN211277393U - Portable dynamic loading and fine adjustment measuring device based on main shaft rotation precision - Google Patents
Portable dynamic loading and fine adjustment measuring device based on main shaft rotation precision Download PDFInfo
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- CN211277393U CN211277393U CN201921996496.7U CN201921996496U CN211277393U CN 211277393 U CN211277393 U CN 211277393U CN 201921996496 U CN201921996496 U CN 201921996496U CN 211277393 U CN211277393 U CN 211277393U
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Abstract
The utility model belongs to the technical field of mechanical test equipment, and relates to a portable dynamic loading and fine adjustment measuring device based on the main shaft rotation precision; the device mainly comprises a main shaft clamping module, a sensor installation fine adjustment module, a simple simulation loading module and a loading centering adjustment module; the main shaft clamping module is clamped on the main shaft; the sensor mounting fine adjustment module is connected with the main shaft clamping module and is positioned by adopting an I-shaped block; the simple simulation loading module is integrally matched with the upper surface of a Y-direction platform in the loading centering adjusting module and is connected with a simulation HSK (high speed K) tool handle or a simulation BT (BT) tool handle through a loading rod to be matched with a main shaft, the main shaft is fixed on a main shaft clamp, and the main shaft clamp is fixed on a ground flat iron; the loading centering adjusting module is installed on a ground flat iron or an installation platform of a machine tool; the utility model solves the problem that the prior art can only measure the rotation precision of the main shaft in no-load, and realizes the on-load measurement of the rotation precision of the main shaft; the measuring accuracy is high, the assembly and disassembly are convenient, and the device is suitable for tests of various specifications of main shafts and various occasions.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of mechanical test equipment, which is a device integrating the test measurement and loading of the revolution precision of a main shaft of a numerical control machine tool, and relates to a portable dynamic loading and fine adjustment measuring device based on the revolution precision of the main shaft; in particular to a device for dynamically loading simulated real working conditions and carrying out portable installation and fine adjustment on a laser displacement sensor based on the dynamic loading during the process of measuring the rotation precision of a main shaft.
Background
Along with the development of a machine tool towards the trend of high speed and high precision, a main shaft serving as one of key parts of the machine tool is developed quickly, and the rotation precision of the main shaft is used as a main factor influencing the machining precision of the machine tool and a main index evaluating the dynamic performance of the machine tool, so that the main shaft has important significance for the accurate measurement and research of the main shaft.
The traditional method for detecting the radial run-out of the main shaft generally adopts contact measurement, for example, a dial indicator is used for propping against a flat and smooth rotating annular reference surface, namely, the method is commonly called as a 'dial method', but the method is generally suitable for measuring the main shaft at an extremely low rotating speed, and generally, the main shaft can not correctly read detection data when the main shaft exceeds dozens of revolutions per minute, so that the traditional 'dial method' can only measure the rotation precision of the main shaft under the quasi-static condition.
At present, most of non-contact detection devices suitable for high-speed measurement of main shaft rotation precision are based on the installation and fixation of an eddy current sensor and a laser displacement sensor, but most of the fixation devices are separated installation and fixation devices, moreover, the method is mostly fixed and installed at one time, lacks a necessary fine adjustment device, can not reduce the error of machining parts caused by the processing, assembly and installation processes, for example, CN205021130U and CN205254688U, both of which have fine tuning means for the mounting process of the eddy current sensor, but the fine adjustment of the sensor in the horizontal direction is aimed at, the neutral fine adjustment of the sensor relative to the rotation central axis of the main shaft is not provided, so that the measurement error of the sensor due to the neutral offset during the installation process cannot be eliminated, and these technical utility model can only simulate no-load measurement, can't simulate the measurement of main shaft developments loaded in-process gyration precision.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a can centering fine setting laser displacement sensor's gyration precision detection device and simple and easy handy dynamic loading device has realized the empty load of main shaft gyration precision and the accurate measurement that developments were carried.
The portable dynamic loading and fine adjustment measuring device based on the main shaft rotation precision consists of a main shaft clamping module 1, a sensor installation fine adjustment module 2, a simple simulation loading module 3 and a loading centering adjustment module 4;
the main shaft clamping module 1 and the sensor installation fine adjustment module 2 are connected into a whole in a clamping fit mode, and the main shaft clamping module 1 is clamped on a main shaft 7 by utilizing a four-point clamping principle; the simple simulation loading module 3 is integrally matched with the upper surface of a Y-direction platform in the loading centering adjusting module 4, the simple simulation loading module 3 is matched with the spindle 7 through a simulation tool shank structure, and the loading centering adjusting module 4 is installed on a ground flat iron 5 or an installation platform of a machine tool.
The main shaft clamping module 1 comprises a level gauge 101, a middle connecting block 102, four plum blossom-shaped handles 103, six connecting blocks 104, two locking clamps 105, four threaded clamping nails 106, a seat pipe clamp locking nail 107, two locking buckles 108, four supporting legs 109 and four crescent connecting plates 110.
The level meter 101 is fixedly connected with the middle connecting block through a triangular bracket on the middle connecting block 102; two ends of the middle connecting block 102 are provided with through holes and are connected with the four crescent connecting plates 110 by two screws; two side surfaces of the six connecting blocks 104 are respectively provided with four threaded holes, and the four crescent plates are fixedly connected into an annular holding clamp structure with an opening at the bottom end through threaded connection, wherein the four clamping blocks distributed in the 45-degree direction are connected and matched with the four threaded clamping nails 106; two ends of the four threaded clamping nails 106 are respectively provided with a plum blossom handle 103 and a supporting leg 109; the two connecting blocks 104 distributed on the two sides are respectively fixedly connected with a locking clamp 105; two locking buckles 108 are connected with the lower end of the crescent plate through threaded holes in the side faces, and a seat pipe clamp locking nail 107 penetrates through the U-shaped groove to clamp the whole spindle clamping module 1.
The sensor installation fine-tuning module 2 comprises a I-shaped block 201, an X-direction fine-tuning platform 202X, X, an aluminum alloy transition plate 203X, an X-direction laser displacement sensor 204X, Y, a fine-tuning platform 202Y, Y, an aluminum alloy transition plate 203Y, Y, a laser displacement sensor 204Y, a semi-circular plate 205, four support pins 206 and four magnetic adjustable supports 207.
The I-shaped block 201 is matched with an I-shaped groove formed in the middle connecting block 102 in the main shaft clamping module 1 in a positioning way;
the X-direction fine adjustment platform 202X is fixedly connected with a diagonal hole on the X-direction laser displacement sensor 204X through an X-direction aluminum alloy transition plate 203X;
the Y-direction fine adjustment platform 202Y is fixedly connected with a diagonal hole arranged on the Y-direction laser displacement sensor 204Y through a Y-direction aluminum alloy transition plate 203Y;
the lower surfaces of the X-direction fine tuning platform and the Y-direction fine tuning platform are fixedly connected with the mutually vertical end surfaces of the semicircular plate 205 through threads; two support nails 206 are respectively fastened and connected at two ends of the semicircular plate 205 as fulcrums, and finally the semicircular plate is locked through the locking buckles 108 arranged at the two ends in the spindle clamping module 1.
The simple simulation loading module 3 comprises a simulation HSK knife handle 301A, a simulation BT knife handle 301B, a loading rod 302, a front end cover 303, a front bearing 304, a loading shell 305, a stator 306, a rotor 307, a rear bearing 308, a rear end cover 309, a piezoelectric ceramic loading rod 310, a loading rod connecting sleeve 311, a loading rotating base 312 and a loading pre-tightening nail 313.
The simulated HSK knife handle 301A and the simulated BT knife handle 301B (HSK and BT represent two types of knife handles of the main shaft broach mechanism) are respectively suitable for different main shaft broach mechanisms, the front end of the knife handle is matched with a broach system of the main shaft through the simulated HSK knife handle 301A or the simulated BT knife handle 301B, and the rear end is matched with a threaded hole at the outer end of the loading rod 302 through end face positioning and threaded connection; the front bearing 304 and the rear bearing 308 are respectively in interference fit with the loading rod 302; the front end cover 303 and the rear end cover 309 are respectively and fixedly connected to the loading shell 305, and the front end cover 303 and the rear end cover 309 are matched with the end face of the loading rod 302 to pre-tighten and limit the front bearing and the rear bearing; the stator 306 is fixed inside the loading housing 305, the rotor 307 is fixed on the loading rod 302 and can rotate along with the loading rod 302, and the stator 306 and the rotor 307 are jointly positioned in a closed cavity inside the loading housing 305.
The loading centering adjusting module 4 comprises an X-direction platform, a Y-direction platform and a Z-direction platform; the X-direction platform consists of a bottom plate 401, a guide rail 402, a sliding block 403, an X-direction lead screw 404 and an X-direction hand wheel 405; the Y-direction platform consists of a one-way moving workbench 406, a ball 407 and a rotating fulcrum 408; the Z-direction platform consists of a vertical column 409, a lifting plate 410, a Z-direction lead screw 411, a belt pulley 412, a protective cover 413, a Z-direction hand wheel 414 and a belt 415.
The bottom plate 401 in the X-direction platform is fixed on a ground flat iron 5 through T-shaped screws, two guide rails 402 are fixedly connected with the upper surface of the bottom plate 401, two sliding blocks 403 are inserted into the guide rails through guide rail grooves at the bottom ends, an X-direction lead screw 404 penetrates through threaded holes in the middle of the two sliding blocks 403 and fulcrums at two ends of the middle of the bottom plate 401, an X-direction hand wheel 405 is locked at one end of the X-direction lead screw, and the X-direction platform drives the X-direction lead screw 404 to rotate through rotating the hand wheel, so that the sliding blocks 403 can move on the.
The Y-direction platform is a simple one-way moving workbench 406, the one-way moving workbench 406 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of a lifting plate 410 in the Z-direction platform through threads, 30 balls 407 are uniformly distributed on the left side of the upper surface of the one-way moving workbench 406, and the 30 balls 407 are in contact with a loading shell 305 in the simple analog loading module 3; the pivot 408 cooperates with the loading swivel mount 312;
the upright posts 409 in the Z-direction platform are respectively fixed on the upper surfaces of the two slide blocks 403 and are fixedly connected with the X-direction platform; the two sides of the lifting plate 410 are matched with the V-shaped grooves on the two sides of the upright column 409, two Z-direction lead screws 411 are screwed into threaded holes in the middle of the lifting plate 410 and are fixedly connected to the upright column 409, the bottom ends of the two Z-direction lead screws 411 realize synchronous rotation of the double lead screws through belt wheels 412 and belts 415, and a Z-direction hand wheel 414 is installed at one end of one Z-direction lead screw 411.
Compared with the prior art the utility model discloses a beneficial technological effect:
1. centering and fine adjustment are realized, and the measurement accuracy is high. The fine adjustment platform of the utility model adopts fine adjustment threads with 1mm thread pitch, the fine adjustment knob is averagely divided into 50 big lattices, each big lattice is averagely divided into 10 small lattices, and the big lattices are totally divided into 500 small lattices, so that one small lattice of the rotary knob is equivalent to the translation of moving 2 mu m, and the fine adjustment platform has the precision adjustment of 2 mu m in the aspect of mechanical structure finally; in terms of software, the 'spindle rotation precision centering adjustment and loading control platform' developed based on Labview can assist and indicate the centering adjustment process of the fine adjustment platform in real time, so that the laser displacement sensor can approach the spindle rotation center as much as possible during installation, the installation error is reduced, and the measurement accuracy is improved.
2. And (4) simulating loading to realize dynamic loaded measurement of the rotation precision. Simple and easy simulation loading module can carry out radial and axial comprehensive power and the moment of torsion loading that the main shaft received under the true operating mode automatically according to the load spectrum that prestores in "main shaft gyration precision centering adjustment and loading control platform" to solve the problem that can only empty load measurement main shaft gyration precision among the prior art, realize main shaft gyration precision and other performance index's area and carry the measurement.
3. The device is portable, convenient to assemble and disassemble and suitable for tests of various specifications of main shafts and various occasions. The main shaft clamping module of the utility model adopts a four-point clamping mechanism, which not only can adapt to the main shaft models with various specifications such as the main shaft outer diameter of 100mm-200mm, but also has convenient installation and disassembly, and the level gauge arranged on the upper part can also ensure that the device can be installed horizontally and quickly, and has smaller error; the loading centering module adopts a simple X, Y, Z three-direction adjusting mechanism, so that the centering of the main shaft and the loading module is more convenient; the whole device is provided with a plurality of tool shank heads suitable for the HSK and BT tool shanks, so that the device not only can adapt to installation pre-measurement under laboratory conditions, but also can adapt to tests under the field conditions of the whole machine.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the portable dynamic loading and fine-tuning measuring device based on the main shaft rotation precision of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the installation and cooperation of the modules of the portable dynamic loading and fine-tuning measuring device based on the spindle rotation precision of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an assembly schematic diagram of the spindle clamping module and the sensor mounting fine adjustment module according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the spindle clamping module of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the sensor mounting fine-tuning module of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the spindle clamping module and the sensor mounting and fine-tuning module according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the simple analog loading module according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a sectional view of the internal structure of the simple analog loading module according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the loading centering adjustment module of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of the fitting structure of the simple analog loading module and the loading centering adjustment module according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a software operation interface diagram of "main shaft rotation precision centering adjustment and loading control platform" according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a spindle clamping module; 2. the sensor is provided with a fine adjustment module; 3. a simple analog loading module; 4. Loading a centering adjustment module; 5. leveling iron; 6. clamping a main shaft; 7. a main shaft;
101. a level gauge; 102. a middle connecting block; 103. a plum blossom handle; 104. connecting blocks; 105. a locking clamp; 106. screw-threaded clamp nails; 107. the seat pipe clamp locking nail; 108. a locking buckle; 109. a support leg; 110. a crescent connecting plate;
201. a H-shaped block; 202X, X toward a fine tuning platform; 203X, X to an aluminum alloy transition plate; 204X, X directional laser displacement sensor; 202Y, Y toward a fine tuning platform; 203Y, Y to an aluminum alloy transition plate; 204Y, Y directional laser displacement sensor; 205. a semicircular plate; 206. a support pin; 207. a magnetically adjustable support;
301A, simulating an HSK knife handle; 301B, simulating a BT cutter handle; 302. loading a rod; 303. a front end cover; 304. A front bearing; 305. loading the shell; 306. a stator; 307. a rotor; 308. a rear bearing; 309. a rear end cap; 310. a piezoelectric ceramic loading rod; 311. a loading rod connecting sleeve; 312. loading the rotating base; 313. loading a pre-tightening nail;
401. a base plate; 402. a guide rail; 403. a slider; 404. a screw rod in the X direction; 405. an X-direction hand wheel; 406. a one-way moving table; 407. a ball bearing; 408. a rotation fulcrum; 409. a column; 410. a lifting plate; 411. a Z-direction lead screw; 412. a belt pulley; 413. a protective cover; 414. a Z-direction hand wheel; 415. a belt 415.
A. The direction of rotation of the spindle;
B. the direction of torque loading.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, the portable dynamic loading and fine tuning measuring device based on the spindle rotation precision is composed of a spindle clamping module 1, a sensor installation fine tuning module 2, a simple simulation loading module 3 and a loading centering adjusting module 4.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the spindle clamping module 1 is a four-point clamping mechanism similar to the four-jaw chuck principle of a machine tool and clamped on the cylindrical surface of a spindle 7; the sensor installation fine adjustment module 2 and the main shaft clamping module 1 are positioned by adopting a square block 201, and the connection between the sensor installation fine adjustment module 2 and the main shaft clamping module 1 is realized by two locking buckles 105 and supporting by four supporting nails 206, so that the clamping installation of the laser displacement sensor on a main shaft is realized;
referring to fig. 1, 2 and 10, the simple simulation loading module 3 is integrally matched with the upper surface of a Y-direction platform in the loading centering adjustment module 4, and is matched with the main shaft 7 through the threaded connection of a loading rod 302 and a simulation HSK tool shank 301A or a simulation BT tool shank 301B; the main shaft 7 is fixed on the main shaft holding clamp 6, and the main shaft holding clamp 6 is fixed on the ground flat iron 5 through a T-shaped screw; the loading centering adjusting module 4 is installed on a ground iron 5 in a laboratory or an installation platform of a machine tool by adopting a T-shaped bolt.
Referring to fig. 4 and 6, the main shaft clamping module 1 includes a level 101, a middle connection block 102, four plum blossom-shaped handles 103, six connection blocks 104, two locking clamps 105, four screw clamping nails 106, a seat pipe clamp locking nail 107, two locking buckles 108, four support legs 109, and four crescent connection plates 110.
The level meter 101 is fixedly connected with the middle connecting block through a triangular bracket on the middle connecting block 102; two ends of the middle connecting block 102 are provided with through holes and are connected with the four crescent connecting plates 110 by two screws; two side surfaces of the six connecting blocks 104 are respectively provided with four threaded holes, and the four crescent plates are fixedly connected into an annular holding clamp structure with an opening at the bottom end through threaded connection, wherein the four clamping blocks distributed in the 45-degree direction are connected and matched with the four threaded clamping nails 106; two ends of the four threaded clamping nails 106 are respectively provided with a plum blossom handle 103 and a supporting leg 109; the two connecting blocks 104 distributed on the two sides are respectively fixedly connected with a locking clamp 105, and finally, the clamping and matching of the main shaft clamping module 1 and the sensor fine-tuning installation module 2 are realized; the two locking buckles 108 are connected with the lower end of the crescent plate through threaded holes in the side faces, and the seat pipe clamp locking nail 107 penetrates through the U-shaped groove to finally clamp the whole spindle clamping module 1.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, the sensor mounting fine adjustment module 2 includes a workpiece block 201, an X-direction fine adjustment platform 202X, X, an aluminum alloy transition plate 203X, an X-direction laser displacement sensor 204X, Y, a fine adjustment platform 202Y, Y, an aluminum alloy transition plate 203Y, Y, a laser displacement sensor 204Y, a semicircular plate 205, four support pins 206 and four magnetically adjustable supports 207.
The I-shaped block 201 is matched with an I-shaped groove formed in the middle connecting block 102 in the main shaft clamping module 1 in a positioning manner, so that the main shaft clamping module 1 is connected with the sensor fine-tuning installation module 2; the X-direction fine adjustment platform 202X is fixedly connected with a diagonal hole on the X-direction laser displacement sensor 204X through an X-direction aluminum alloy transition plate 203X; similarly, the Y-direction fine adjustment platform 202Y, Y is also installed and matched with the aluminum alloy transition plate 203Y and the Y-direction laser displacement sensor 204Y as above; the lower surfaces of the X-direction fine adjustment platform and the Y-direction fine adjustment platform are fixed on the end surfaces, perpendicular to each other, of the semicircular plate 205 through threaded connection, so that accurate installation of the sensor in the direction X, Y is achieved; two support nails 206 are respectively fastened and connected at two ends of the semicircular plate 205 as fulcrums, and finally the semicircular plate is locked through the locking buckles 108 arranged at the two ends in the spindle clamping module 1.
Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the simple simulation loading module 3 includes a simulation HSK tool shank 301A, a simulation BT tool shank 301B, a loading rod 302, a front end cover 303, a front bearing 304, a loading housing 305, a stator 306, a rotor 307, a rear bearing 308, a rear end cover 309, a piezoceramic loading rod 310, a loading rod connection sleeve 311, a loading rotation base 312, and a loading pre-tightening nail 313.
The simulated HSK knife handle 301A and the simulated BT knife handle 301B (HSK and BT represent two types of knife handles of the main shaft broach mechanism) are respectively suitable for different main shaft broach mechanisms, the front end of the knife handle is matched with a broach system of the main shaft through the simulated HSK knife handle 301A or the simulated BT knife handle 301B, and the rear end is matched with a threaded hole at the outer end of the loading rod 302 through end face positioning and threaded connection; the front bearing 304 and the rear bearing 308 are respectively in interference fit with the loading rod 302; the front end cover 303 and the rear end cover 309 are respectively and fixedly connected to the loading shell 305, and the front end cover 303 and the rear end cover 309 are matched with the end face of the loading rod 302 to pre-tighten and limit the front bearing and the rear bearing; the stator 306 is fixed inside the loading shell 305, the rotor 307 is fixed on the loading rod 302 and can rotate along with the loading rod 302, and the stator 306 and the rotor 307 are jointly positioned in a closed cavity inside the loading shell 305;
the piezoelectric ceramic loading rod 310 is fixedly arranged on a loading rod connecting sleeve 311, the loading rod connecting sleeve 311 is embedded into the loading rotating base 312 and is in threaded fit with the loading pre-tightening nail 313; the bottom of the loading rotary base 312 is matched with a one-way moving workbench 406 in the loading centering adjustment module 4 and can rotate around the one-way moving workbench 406. Referring to fig. 9 and 10, the loading centering adjustment module 4 includes an X-direction platform, a Y-direction platform and a Z-direction platform; the X-direction platform consists of a bottom plate 401, a guide rail 402, a sliding block 403, an X-direction lead screw 404 and an X-direction hand wheel 405; the Y-direction platform consists of a one-way moving workbench 406, a ball 407 and a rotating fulcrum 408; the Z-direction platform consists of a vertical column 409, a lifting plate 410, a Z-direction lead screw 411, a belt pulley 412, a protective cover 413, a Z-direction hand wheel 414 and a belt 415.
The bottom plate 401 in the X-direction platform is fixed on a ground flat iron 5 through T-shaped screws, two guide rails 402 are fixedly connected with the upper surface of the bottom plate 401, two sliding blocks 403 are inserted into the guide rails through guide rail grooves at the bottom ends, an X-direction lead screw 404 penetrates through threaded holes in the middle of the two sliding blocks 403 and fulcrums at two ends of the middle of the bottom plate 401 to realize the matching with the sliding blocks 403 and the fastening connection with the bottom plate 401, and an X-direction hand wheel 405 is locked at one end of the X-direction lead screw, so that the X-direction platform drives the X-direction lead screw 404 to rotate through rotating the hand wheel, the movement of the sliding blocks 403 on the guide rails 402 is further realized, and the fine adjustment movement.
The Y-direction platform is a simple one-way moving workbench 406 which is fixedly connected with the upper surface of a lifting plate 410 in the Z-direction platform through threads, 30 balls 407 are uniformly distributed and arranged on the left side of the upper surface of the one-way moving workbench 406, and the part is in contact with a loading shell 305 in the simple analog loading module 3; the rotation pivot 408 is matched with the loading rotary base 312 and serves as a pivot and a locking device for the loading rotary base 312 to rotate on the unidirectional moving workbench 406, and the device realizes connection and fixation of a simple analog loading module and fine adjustment movement in the Y direction in the centering adjustment process.
The upright posts 409 in the Z-direction platform are respectively fixed on the upper surfaces of the two slide blocks 403 and are fixedly connected with the X-direction platform; the two sides of the lifting plate 410 are matched with the V-shaped grooves on the two sides of the upright 409, two Z-direction lead screws 411 are screwed into threaded holes in the middle of the lifting plate 410 and are fixedly connected to the upright 409, the bottom ends of the two Z-direction lead screws 411 realize synchronous rotation of the double lead screws through belt pulleys 412 and belts 415, the Z-direction hand wheel 414 is installed at one end of one Z-direction lead screw 411, and fine adjustment movement of the loading centering adjustment module 4 in the Z direction in space is realized by the whole platform.
The installation process comprises the following steps: referring to fig. 2 and 3, a measuring system of the whole device is mainly formed by matching a spindle clamping module 1 and a sensor installation fine-tuning module 2, and a loading system is mainly formed by a simple simulation loading module 3 and a loading centering module 4.
The installation of the measuring system comprises the steps that firstly, the length of a threaded clamping nail 106 is adjusted by rotating four quincuncial knobs 103 according to the outer diameter of a tested main shaft, four support legs 109 are in contact with the cylindrical surface of the main shaft, then, the change of a level instrument 101 is noticed, the whole main shaft clamping module is rotated to keep the level instrument horizontal, so that the whole clamping mechanism is in a horizontal state, and finally, a seat pipe clamp locking buckle 107 is buckled to finish the clamping installation of the whole main shaft clamping module 1 on the main shaft; after the main shaft clamping module 1 is installed, the I-shaped block 201 on the sensor installation fine adjustment module 2 is inserted into the I-shaped groove of the middle connecting block 102, then the locking buckle 105 is used for buckling the screws at two ends of the semi-circular plate 205 to lock and connect the whole sensor installation fine adjustment module, finally the distance between the sensor and the loading rod is adjusted through the aluminum alloy transition plates 203X and 204X, the height of the magnetic adjustable support is adjusted after the measuring range of the sensor is reached, the cantilever part of the sensor is supported, vibration is reduced, and the measuring stability is enhanced.
The installation of the loading system firstly assembles the simple simulation loading module 3 and the loading centering adjusting module 4, then fixes the loading centering adjusting module 4 on a flat iron in a laboratory or a machine tool workbench by utilizing a T-shaped screw, finally adjusts X, Y, Z handwheels in three directions to center a simulation tool handle of the simple simulation loading module 3 in a main shaft taper hole, and finally locks by utilizing a broach system of the main shaft.
Fine adjustment and loading processes: referring to fig. 11, the figure shows the main shaft rotation precision centering adjustment and loading control platform, which is an auxiliary for centering and fine adjustmentThe software operation interface for monitoring indication and simulating loading control mainly comprises two parts of centering regulation and loading control. When the whole device is installed, the X-direction sensor is turned on, and the software part can record the initial position X of the sensor instantly0Then, the knob of the fine adjustment platform is rotated to scan the cylindrical surface around the end surface of the loading rod, and if a scanning instantaneous value x appears in the scanning processi<x0If the laser displacement sensor is far away from the center, the forbidden lamp on the left side of the scanning progress bar is turned on to prompt an operator that the scanning value is larger and larger, and the laser displacement sensor needs to rotate in the opposite direction; if the rotating direction is correct, the scanning progress bar can display the real-time scanning state along with the fine adjustment movement of the sensor, and when a bright green light on the right side is scanned, the scanning progress bar shows that the scanning progress bar finds the value x corresponding to the initial scanning value at the other end of the cylindrical surface of the loading rod at the moment0When the scanning is finished, calculating to present a track graph of the scanning process on a scanning result display screen, and indicating the position and the minimum value (namely the position of the rotation center) of the sensor at the moment in real time;
after the scanning is finished, the left arrow and the right arrow of the 'fine adjustment' part prompt an operator to adjust the distance between the sensor and the rotation center and the adjustment direction through the green light and the progress bar, for example, as shown in the current state of fig. 11, the left arrow lights the green light at the moment, the right arrow displays the progress bar, the sensor is shown to be located on the right side of the rotation center at the moment, the fine adjustment platform should move leftwards, the length of the progress bar is shortened along with the moving distance in real time, and the operator is prompted to adjust the distance between the sensor and the center; when the center is lighted up and green, the sensor is good in centering property, when the center is lighted up and yellow, the sensor is slightly wrong from the center and meets the measurement standard (the specific measurement standard can modify the program according to needs and set acceptable error in a self-defined mode), and when the center is lighted up and red, the centering property is poor and fine adjustment is needed again; if an operation error occurs in the process, the "re-centering" button at the lower right corner can be clicked to set the data to 0. Similarly, after the adjustment in the X direction is completed, the adjustment in the Y direction is also the same as the above step.
After centering adjustment is finished, starting the main shaft to rotate, inputting test records in the right operation interface, and selecting a load loading experiment to be performed; after the selection is finished, the software can display the pre-stored load spectrum, the user can also carry out self-defined loading according to the self-requirement, and finally click 'automatic loading'; at this time, under the control of the software platform, the simple simulation loading module can automatically simulate and load the main shaft according to the command index of the load spectrum, and display the rotating axis track of the main shaft on the software in real time. In the loading mode of simulating the radial force and the axial force, the angle adjustment of the loading of the piezoelectric ceramic loading rod can be realized by adjusting the rotation angle of the unidirectional moving workbench in the loading centering adjusting module 4 and the bottom of the loading rotating base 312, so that the comprehensive loading of different angles of the radial force and the axial force is realized; in the aspect of the moment of torsion loading, the utility model discloses the simulation motor principle is located the inside airtight cavity of loading casing 305 with stator 306 and rotor 307 jointly, and in actual work, the stator 306 of circular telegram can form a magnetic field space in airtight cavity, when loading stick 302 rotates like A direction along with the main shaft, drives rotor 307 and rotates, and the magnetic induction line in the cutting magnetic field forms the moment of torsion B opposite with the rotatory A direction of loading stick 302 to the realization is to the simple and easy simulation loading of main shaft moment of torsion.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a portable developments loading and fine setting measuring device based on main shaft gyration precision which characterized in that: the device mainly comprises a main shaft clamping module (1), a sensor installation fine-tuning module (2), a simple simulation loading module (3) and a loading centering adjusting module (4);
the main shaft clamping module (1) and the sensor installation fine adjustment module (2) are connected into a whole in a clamping matching mode, and the main shaft clamping module (1) is clamped on a main shaft (7) by utilizing a four-point clamping principle; the simple simulation loading module (3) is integrally matched with the upper surface of a Y-direction platform in the loading centering adjusting module (4), the simple simulation loading module (3) is matched with the spindle (7) through a simulation tool handle structure, and the loading centering adjusting module (4) is installed on a ground flat iron (5) or an installation platform of a machine tool.
2. The portable dynamic loading and fine tuning measuring device based on spindle gyration accuracy as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the main shaft clamping module (1) comprises a level (101), a middle connecting block (102), four plum blossom-shaped handles (103), six connecting blocks (104), two locking clamps (105), four threaded clamping nails (106), a seat pipe clamp locking nail (107), two locking buckles (108), four supporting legs (109) and four crescent connecting plates (110);
the level meter (101) is fixedly connected with the middle connecting block through a triangular bracket on the middle connecting block (102); through holes are formed in two ends of the middle connecting block (102), and the middle connecting block is connected with the four crescent connecting plates (110) through two screws; two side surfaces of the six connecting blocks (104) are respectively provided with four threaded holes, the four crescent plates are fixedly connected into an annular holding clamp structure with an opening at the bottom end through threaded connection, and the four clamping blocks distributed in the 45-degree direction are connected and matched with the four threaded clamping nails (106); two ends of the four threaded clamping nails (106) are respectively provided with a plum blossom handle (103) and a supporting leg (109); the two connecting blocks (104) distributed on the two sides are respectively fixedly connected with a locking clamp (105); two locking buckles (108) are connected with the lower end part of the crescent plate through threaded holes in the side faces, and a seat pipe clamp locking nail (107) penetrates through the U-shaped groove to clamp the whole main shaft clamping module (1).
3. The portable dynamic loading and fine tuning measuring device based on spindle gyration accuracy as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the sensor installation fine-tuning module (2) comprises a I-shaped block (201), an X-direction fine-tuning platform (202X), an X-direction aluminum alloy transition plate (203X), an X-direction laser displacement sensor (204X), a Y-direction fine-tuning platform (202Y), a Y-direction aluminum alloy transition plate (203Y), a Y-direction laser displacement sensor (204Y), a semicircular plate (205), four support nails (206) and four magnetic adjustable supports (207);
the I-shaped block (201) is in positioning fit with an I-shaped groove formed in a middle connecting block (102) in the main shaft clamping module (1);
the X-direction fine adjustment platform (202X) is fixedly connected with a diagonal hole arranged on the X-direction laser displacement sensor (204X) through an X-direction aluminum alloy transition plate (203X);
the Y-direction fine adjustment platform (202Y) is fixedly connected with a diagonal hole arranged on the Y-direction laser displacement sensor (204Y) through a Y-direction aluminum alloy transition plate (203Y);
the lower surfaces of the X-direction fine tuning platform and the Y-direction fine tuning platform are fixed on the end surfaces, which are vertical to each other, of the semicircular plate (205) through threaded connection; two ends of the semicircular plate (205) are respectively and fixedly connected with two supporting nails (206) as fulcrums, and finally the semicircular plate is locked through locking buckles (108) arranged at the two ends in the main shaft clamping module (1).
4. The portable dynamic loading and fine tuning measuring device based on spindle gyration accuracy as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the simple simulation loading module (3) comprises a simulation HSK knife handle (301A), a simulation BT knife handle (301B), a loading rod (302), a front end cover (303), a front bearing (304), a loading shell (305), a stator (306), a rotor (307), a rear bearing (308), a rear end cover (309), a piezoelectric ceramic loading rod (310), a loading rod connecting sleeve (311), a loading rotating base (312) and a loading pre-tightening nail (313);
the simulated HSK tool handle (301A) and the simulated BT tool handle (301B) are respectively used for representing two tool handle models of the main shaft broach mechanism and are respectively suitable for different main shaft broach mechanisms, the front end of each tool handle is matched with a broach system of the main shaft through the simulated HSK tool handle (301A) or the simulated BT tool handle (301B), and the rear end of each tool handle is matched with a threaded hole in the outer end of the loading rod (302) through end face positioning and threaded connection; the front bearing (304) and the rear bearing (308) are in interference fit with the loading rod (302) respectively; the front end cover (303) and the rear end cover (309) are respectively and fixedly connected to the loading shell (305), and the front end cover (303) and the rear end cover (309) are used for pre-tightening and limiting the front bearing and the rear bearing under the combined action of the end surfaces of the loading rod (302); the stator (306) is fixed inside the loading shell (305), the rotor (307) is fixed on the loading rod (302) and can rotate along with the loading rod (302), and the stator (306) and the rotor (307) are jointly positioned in a closed cavity inside the loading shell (305);
the piezoelectric ceramic loading rod (310) is fixedly arranged on a loading rod connecting sleeve (311), and the loading rod connecting sleeve (311) is embedded into the loading rotating base (312) and is in threaded fit with the loading pre-tightening nail (313); the bottom of the loading rotating base (312) is matched with a unidirectional moving workbench (406) in the loading centering adjusting module (4) and can rotate around the unidirectional moving workbench (406).
5. The portable dynamic loading and fine tuning measuring device based on spindle gyration accuracy as claimed in claim 1, wherein:
the loading centering adjusting module (4) comprises an X-direction platform, a Y-direction platform and a Z-direction platform; the X-direction platform consists of a bottom plate (401), a guide rail (402), a sliding block (403), an X-direction lead screw (404) and an X-direction hand wheel (405); the Y-direction platform consists of a one-way moving workbench (406), a ball (407) and a rotating fulcrum (408); the Z-direction platform consists of an upright post (409), a lifting plate (410), a Z-direction lead screw (411), a belt pulley (412), a protective cover (413), a Z-direction hand wheel (414) and a belt (415);
a bottom plate (401) in the X-direction platform is fixed on a ground flat iron (5) through T-shaped screws, two guide rails (402) are fixedly connected with the upper surface of the bottom plate (401), two sliding blocks (403) are inserted into the guide rails through guide rail grooves at the bottom ends, an X-direction lead screw (404) penetrates through threaded holes in the middle of the two sliding blocks (403) and pivots at two ends of the middle of the bottom plate (401), an X-direction hand wheel (405) is locked at one end of the X-direction lead screw, and the X-direction platform drives the X-direction lead screw (404) to rotate through rotating the hand wheel, so that the sliding blocks (403) move on the guide rails (402);
the Y-direction platform is a simple one-way moving workbench (406), the one-way moving workbench (406) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of a lifting plate (410) in the Z-direction platform through threads, 30 balls (407) are uniformly distributed on the left side of the upper surface of the one-way moving workbench (406), and the 30 balls (407) are in contact with a loading shell (305) in the simple analog loading module (3); the rotating fulcrum (408) is matched with the loading rotating base (312);
the upright posts (409) in the Z-direction platform are respectively fixed on the upper surfaces of the two sliding blocks (403) and are fixedly connected with the X-direction platform; the two sides of the lifting plate (410) are matched with the V-shaped grooves on the two sides of the upright post (409), two Z-direction lead screws (411) are screwed into threaded holes in the middle of the lifting plate (410) and are fixedly connected to the upright post (409), the bottom ends of the two Z-direction lead screws (411) realize synchronous rotation of the double lead screws through a belt wheel (412) and a belt (415), and the Z-direction hand wheel (414) is installed at one end of one Z-direction lead screw (411).
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110732886A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-01-31 | 吉林大学 | portable dynamic loading and fine-tuning measuring device based on main shaft rotation precision |
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| CN110732886A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-01-31 | 吉林大学 | portable dynamic loading and fine-tuning measuring device based on main shaft rotation precision |
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