CN107896982A - A kind of breeding method of saline-alkali tolerant peanut - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method of saline-alkali tolerant peanut Download PDFInfo
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- CN107896982A CN107896982A CN201711236166.3A CN201711236166A CN107896982A CN 107896982 A CN107896982 A CN 107896982A CN 201711236166 A CN201711236166 A CN 201711236166A CN 107896982 A CN107896982 A CN 107896982A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/06—Processes for producing mutations, e.g. treatment with chemicals or with radiation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of breeding method of saline-alkali tolerant peanut, it is characterised in that including following aspect：（1）Storage, ties up plain solution using Ah bacterium and shelled peanut is sprayed, the shelled peanut after sprinkling is mixed with organic matter fertilizer and carries out cryopreservation；（2）Encapsulation process, storage shelled peanut is put into closed container and is first passed through ethylene gas preservation, and ozone preservation is passed through into closed container again after discharging ethene；（3）Ultraviolet mutagenesis, is put into vacuum tank by processing shelled peanut and is passed through atomization saline solution progress ultraviolet irradiation；（4）Pressurization mutagenesis, ultraviolet mutagenesis shelled peanut is immersed in saline solution and carries out mutagenic treatment；（5）Germination treatment, when pressurization mutagenesis shelled peanut is placed in micro- to the bud-leaf leakage of vernalization in insulating box, then to bud-leaf smear 2 times using tobacco leaf extracting solution；（6）Hot-house culture, vernalization shelled peanut is sowed to bed of nursing young plants in hothouses and is cultivated, and well-grown plant is individually planted and collects seed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to peanut breeding technical field, and in particular to a kind of breeding method of saline-alkali tolerant peanut.
Background technology
Salt-soda soil for the opposite aggregation of salt soil, wherein in soil salt content in one thousandth to 6/1000ths, its
Excessive salt content influences plant seed germination and normal growth, and salt content seed below 3/1000ths goes out in soil
Seedling rate can only achieve 70%-80%, and salt content is less than 50% more than 6/1000ths emergence rates in heavy saline, results even in soil
Earth can not growing plant；With being continuously increased for world population, the increasingly atrophy of agricultural cultivated area, global grain and oil anxiety problem day
It is beneficial serious, and salt-soda soil reaches 9.5 hundred million hectares in world wide, wherein China salt-soda soil reaches 99,100,000 hectares, realizes to salt
The improvement and utilization on alkali ground, are an important channels for alleviating grain anxiety problem.Peanut is the major economic crops product in China
Kind, it can be used for Oil processing, can also be processed into various food consumptions, have the economic value increased, and peanut also has
Hemostasis, strengthening the spleen and stomach and other effects；Peanut has stronger Drought resistance, but its soil salt tolerance is relatively poor, former
There are peanut varieties to be not suitable for planting in salt-soda soil；And use irradiation or mutagenesis method directly to carry out mutagenic treatment to peanut,
It produces mutagenesis direction uncertainty greatly, and probability of the mutagenesis seed obtained with Saline alkali tolerance energy is smaller.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to the problem of existing：China salt-soda soil reaches 99,100,000 hectares, realizes the improvement to salt-soda soil and profit
With, be alleviate grain anxiety problem an important channel；Peanut has stronger Drought resistance, but its soil salt is resistance to
It is relatively poor by ability；And using irradiation or mutagenesis method directly to carry out mutagenic treatment to peanut, it produces mutagenesis direction
Uncertain big, probability of the mutagenesis seed obtained with Saline alkali tolerance energy is smaller.To solve the above problems, the present invention provides
A kind of breeding method of saline-alkali tolerant peanut.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of breeding method of saline-alkali tolerant peanut, comprises the following steps：
（1）Storage：Plain solution is tieed up using Ah bacterium to spray shelled peanut, and the shelled peanut after sprinkling and organic matter fertilizer are blended in
Stored 20-30 days under the conditions of 1-3 DEG C of temperature, the components such as organic acid, plant hormone in organic matter fertilizer can be absorbed, carried
High seed resistance ability, then 23-26 DEG C of standing 4-6h is warming up to, obtain storage shelled peanut；
（2）Encapsulation process：Storage shelled peanut is put into closed container and is first passed through ethylene gas, peanut maturity and thin can be improved
Cytoactive, is warming up to 35-38 DEG C and stands preservation 4-5h, be passed through ozone into closed container again after discharging ethene, have and improve flower
The effect of raw resistance and activity, is cooled to 27-30 DEG C and stands preservation 2-3h, obtain processing shelled peanut；
（3）Ultraviolet mutagenesis：Processing shelled peanut is put into vacuum tank and is evacuated to 85%-90%, then each leads into matter thereto
Measure concentration and be atomized saline solution for 0.4%, 0.6%-0.8%, 1.0%-1.3%, it is respectively 310- by force using illumination to be warming up to 41-44 DEG C
340lux ultraviolet light 1-2min, improve the probability that peanut produces saline-alkali tolerant variation, obtain ultraviolet mutagenesis shelled peanut；
（4）Pressurization mutagenesis：Ultraviolet mutagenesis shelled peanut is immersed mass concentration respectively to eat for 0.8%, 0.9%-1.1%, 1.3%-1.5%
Mutagenic treatment is carried out in brine, 15-20Mpa is boosted to and handles 40-50min respectively using Co 60 at a constant temperature, obtain pressurization mutagenesis
Shelled peanut, pressurization and 60Coradiation make peanut produce the mutational variety with Saline alkali tolerance, improve directed variation in irradiation
Probability；
（5）Germination treatment：When pressurization mutagenesis shelled peanut is placed in micro- to the bud-leaf leakage of vernalization in insulating box, then using tobacco leaf extracting solution
Bud-leaf smear 2 times, peanut variation probability can be improved, obtain vernalization shelled peanut；
（6）Hot-house culture：Vernalization shelled peanut is sowed to bed of nursing young plants in hothouses and is cultivated, wherein seedling bed soil salt content is
0.8%-1%, individually plants well-grown plant and collects seed, Saline alkali tolerance peanut seed is screened, obtains saline-alkali tolerant
Shelled peanut.
Step（1）Described organic matter fertilizer, it is respectively configured to sub-prime gauge part and is：20-30 parts of peat soil, humic acid 14-
17 parts, 8-12 parts of lemon dregs, 7-10 parts of ginkgo leaf, 6-9 parts of willow leaf, 4-7 parts of tapioca starch, 1-3 parts of mineral powder, 1-2 parts of pulverized limestone.
Step（2）The ethene, its intake are the 6%-8% of containment vessel volume；The ozone, its intake are
The 14%-18% of containment vessel volume.
Step（4）The constant temperature, its temperature are 32-36 DEG C.
Step（4）The Co 60, its irradiation intensity are 50-60 rems.
Step（5）The tobacco leaf extracting solution, wherein preparation method are：It is anhydrous that 4-6 times of quality is added after tobacco leaf is crushed
Ethanol, in 65-70 DEG C of boiling 2-3h of temperature, and frequency of use is 18-22kHz supersonic oscillations 30-35min, is concentrated after filtering
To the 1/6 of original volume, tobacco leaf extracting solution is made.
The present invention has the following advantages compared with prior art：Storage, shelled peanut is mixed with organic matter fertilizer and carries out low temperature storage
Hide, the components such as amino acid, organic acid and phytoestrogens in organic matter fertilizer can be absorbed, can improve peanut nutrition accumulation and
Tolerance.Encapsulation process, ethene and ozone are passed through into closed container, and wherein ethene can improve the maturity and cell of seed
Activity, so that seed variation probability is improved, and ozone can strengthen the antioxygenic property of seed, so as to improve the anti-adversity of peanut
Power, and ozone degradation can improve peanut cytoactive into oxygen, elevated oxygen level.Ultraviolet mutagenesis, by gradually stepping up atomization food
The mass concentration of brine, the probability for producing Saline alkali tolerance peanut can be improved in uv induction, be suitable for salt-soda soil cultivation so as to obtain
The peanut varieties of kind.Shelled peanut, is immersed the saline solution of three different quality concentration, passes through pressurization and 60Coradiation by pressurization mutagenesis
Peanut is produced the mutational variety with Saline alkali tolerance, improve the probability of directed variation in irradiation.Germination treatment, using tobacco leaf
Extracting solution handles the bud-leaf of micro- sprouting, wherein can improve the variation probability of peanut containing components such as saline and alkaline and tobacco tar.Temperature
Room is cultivated, and saline-alkali tolerant shelled peanut in mutagenesis can be screened, be realized large-scale planting.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：
A kind of breeding method of saline-alkali tolerant peanut, comprises the following steps：
（1）Storage：Plain solution is tieed up using Ah bacterium to spray shelled peanut, and the shelled peanut after sprinkling and organic matter fertilizer are blended in
Store 23 days, the components such as organic acid, plant hormone in organic matter fertilizer can be absorbed under the conditions of 1.5 DEG C of temperature, improved
Seed resistance ability, then 24 DEG C of standing 4.5h are warming up to, obtain storage shelled peanut；
（2）Encapsulation process：Storage shelled peanut is put into closed container and is first passed through ethylene gas, peanut maturity and thin can be improved
Cytoactive, is warming up to 36 DEG C and stands preservation 4.5h, ozone is passed through into closed container again after discharging ethene, there is raising peanut to resist
The effect of inverse property and activity, is cooled to 28 DEG C and stands preservation 2.5h, obtain processing shelled peanut；
（3）Ultraviolet mutagenesis：Processing shelled peanut is put into vacuum tank and is evacuated to 86%, it is dense then to each lead into quality thereto
Spend and be atomized saline solution for 0.4%, 0.64%, 1.1%, it is respectively 320lux ultraviolet light 1min by force using illumination to be warming up to 42 DEG C,
The probability that peanut produces saline-alkali tolerant variation is improved, obtains ultraviolet mutagenesis shelled peanut；
（4）Pressurization mutagenesis：By ultraviolet mutagenesis shelled peanut immerse respectively mass concentration in 0.8%, 0.95%, 1.36% saline solution into
Row mutagenic treatment, boosts to 16Mpa and handles 42min respectively using Co 60 at a constant temperature, and must pressurize mutagenesis shelled peanut, pressurization and cobalt
60 irradiation make peanut produce the mutational variety with Saline alkali tolerance, improve the probability of directed variation in irradiation；
（5）Germination treatment：When pressurization mutagenesis shelled peanut is placed in micro- to the bud-leaf leakage of vernalization in insulating box, then using tobacco leaf extracting solution
Bud-leaf smear 2 times, peanut variation probability can be improved, obtain vernalization shelled peanut；
（6）Hot-house culture：Vernalization shelled peanut is sowed to bed of nursing young plants in hothouses and is cultivated, wherein seedling bed soil salt content is
0.86%, well-grown plant is individually planted and collects seed, Saline alkali tolerance peanut seed is screened, obtains saline-alkali tolerant flower
Raw rice.
Step（1）Described organic matter fertilizer, it is respectively configured to sub-prime gauge part and is：21 parts of peat soil, 15 parts of humic acid, lemon
9 parts of lemon slag, 8 parts of ginkgo leaf, 7 parts of willow leaf, 5 parts of tapioca starch, 1.2 parts of mineral powder, 1.2 parts of pulverized limestone.
Step（2）The ethene, its intake are the 6.3% of containment vessel volume；The ozone, its intake are
The 15% of containment vessel volume.
Step（4）The constant temperature, its temperature are 33 DEG C.
Step（4）The Co 60, its irradiation intensity are 54 rems.
Step（5）The tobacco leaf extracting solution, wherein preparation method are：It is anhydrous that 4.5 times of quality is added after tobacco leaf is crushed
Ethanol, in 66 DEG C of boiling 2.5h of temperature, and frequency of use is 19kHz supersonic oscillations 32min, and original volume is concentrated into after filtering
1/6, tobacco leaf extracting solution is made.
Embodiment 2：
（1）Storage：Plain solution is tieed up using Ah bacterium to spray shelled peanut, and the shelled peanut after sprinkling and organic matter fertilizer are blended in
Store 27 days, the components such as organic acid, plant hormone in organic matter fertilizer can be absorbed under the conditions of 2.5 DEG C of temperature, improved
Seed resistance ability, then 25 DEG C of standing 5.5h are warming up to, obtain storage shelled peanut；
（2）Encapsulation process：Storage shelled peanut is put into closed container and is first passed through ethylene gas, peanut maturity and thin can be improved
Cytoactive, is warming up to 37 DEG C and stands preservation 5h, ozone is passed through into closed container again after discharging ethene, peanut is degeneration-resistant with improving
Property and activity effect, be cooled to 29 DEG C stand preserve 3h, obtain processing shelled peanut；
（3）Ultraviolet mutagenesis：Processing shelled peanut is put into vacuum tank and is evacuated to 89%, it is dense then to each lead into quality thereto
Spend and be atomized saline solution for 0.4%, 0.78%, 1.2%, it is respectively 330lux ultraviolet light 2min by force using illumination to be warming up to 43 DEG C,
The probability that peanut produces saline-alkali tolerant variation is improved, obtains ultraviolet mutagenesis shelled peanut；
（4）Pressurization mutagenesis：By ultraviolet mutagenesis shelled peanut immerse respectively mass concentration in 0.8%, 0.105%, 1.45% saline solution into
Row mutagenic treatment, boosts to 19Mpa and handles 48min respectively using Co 60 at a constant temperature, and must pressurize mutagenesis shelled peanut, pressurization and cobalt
60 irradiation make peanut produce the mutational variety with Saline alkali tolerance, improve the probability of directed variation in irradiation；
（5）Germination treatment：When pressurization mutagenesis shelled peanut is placed in micro- to the bud-leaf leakage of vernalization in insulating box, then using tobacco leaf extracting solution
Bud-leaf smear 2 times, peanut variation probability can be improved, obtain vernalization shelled peanut；
（6）Hot-house culture：Vernalization shelled peanut is sowed to bed of nursing young plants in hothouses and is cultivated, wherein seedling bed soil salt content is
0.95%, well-grown plant is individually planted and collects seed, Saline alkali tolerance peanut seed is screened, obtains saline-alkali tolerant flower
Raw rice.
Step（1）Described organic matter fertilizer, it is respectively configured to sub-prime gauge part and is：28 parts of peat soil, 16 parts of humic acid, lemon
11 parts of lemon slag, 9 parts of ginkgo leaf, 8 parts of willow leaf, 6 parts of tapioca starch, 2.5 parts of mineral powder, 1.8 parts of pulverized limestone.
Step（2）The ethene, its intake are the 7.5% of containment vessel volume；The ozone, its intake are
The 17% of containment vessel volume.
Step（4）The constant temperature, its temperature are 35 DEG C.
Step（4）The Co 60, its irradiation intensity are 57 rems.
Step（5）The tobacco leaf extracting solution, wherein preparation method are：It is anhydrous that 5.5 times of quality is added after tobacco leaf is crushed
Ethanol, in 69 DEG C of boiling 3h of temperature, and frequency of use is 21kHz supersonic oscillations 34min, and the 1/ of original volume is concentrated into after filtering
6, tobacco leaf extracting solution is made.
Contrast 1：
This contrast 1 does not carry out step compared with embodiment 1（1）Storage, other steps are same as Example 1.
Contrast 2：
This contrast 2 does not carry out step compared with embodiment 1（2）Encapsulation process, other steps are same as Example 1.
Contrast 3：
This contrast 3 does not carry out step compared with embodiment 1（3）Ultraviolet mutagenesis, other steps are same as Example 1.
Contrast 4：
This contrast 4 does not carry out step compared with embodiment 2（4）Pressurization mutagenesis, other steps are same as Example 2.
Contrast 5：
This contrast 5 does not carry out step compared with embodiment 2（5）In bud-leaf is smeared, other steps are same as Example 2.
Control group：
Control group using identical irradiation level Co 60 directly to shelled peanut irradiate, do not stored, encapsulation process, ultraviolet mutagenesis, plus
Press mutagenesis, bud-leaf is smeared.
To flower obtained by embodiment 1, embodiment 2, contrast 1, contrast 2, contrast 3, contrast 4, contrast 5 and control group experimental program
Non-hibernating eggs, in identical salt content（5‰-6‰）Salt-soda soil sowing, statistics peanut emergence rate, average yield per mu yield（Peanut
Benevolence）And saline-alkali tolerant aberration rate.
Experimental data：
| Project | Emergence rate % | Average yield per mu yield kg | Saline-alkali tolerant aberration rate % |
| Embodiment 1 | 87.1 | 217 | 1.25 |
| Embodiment 2 | 83.5 | 211 | 1.18 |
| Contrast 1 | 82.0 | 206 | 1.21 |
| Contrast 2 | 83.3 | 208 | 1.27 |
| Contrast 3 | 76.8 | 194 | 0.95 |
| Contrast 4 | 71.3 | 184 | 0.81 |
| Contrast 5 | 76.8 | 196 | 0.97 |
| Control group | 48.7 | 132 | 0.37 |
Synthesis result：Saline-alkali tolerant peanut breeding method of the present invention, compared with the control group, in salt-soda soil, after planting emergence rate carries peanut
High by 38.4%, average yield per mu output increased 85kg, saline-alkali tolerant aberration rate improves 0.88%.Using storage, encapsulation process method, can carry
Higher survival rate is 5.1%, 3.8%, average yield per mu output increased 11kg, 9kg；And ultraviolet mutagenesis, pressurization mutagenesis and bud-leaf is used to apply
Method is smeared, it is 10.3%, 12.2%, 6.7% that can improve emergence rate, average yield per mu yield 23kg, 27kg, 15kg, saline-alkali tolerant aberration rate
Improve 0.30%, 0.37%, 0.21%.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of breeding method of saline-alkali tolerant peanut, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Storage：Plain solution is tieed up using Ah bacterium to spray shelled peanut, and the shelled peanut after sprinkling and organic matter fertilizer are blended in
Stored 20-30 days under the conditions of 1-3 DEG C of temperature, then be warming up to 23-26 DEG C of standing 4-6h, obtain storage shelled peanut；
（2）Encapsulation process：Storage shelled peanut is put into closed container and is first passed through ethylene gas, 35-38 DEG C is warming up to and stands guarantor
4-5h is deposited, ozone is passed through into closed container again after discharging ethene, 27-30 DEG C is cooled to and stands preservation 2-3h, obtain processing peanut
Rice；
（3）Ultraviolet mutagenesis：Processing shelled peanut is put into vacuum tank and is evacuated to 85%-90%, then each leads into matter thereto
Measure concentration and be atomized saline solution for 0.4%, 0.6%-0.8%, 1.0%-1.3%, it is respectively 310- by force using illumination to be warming up to 41-44 DEG C
340lux ultraviolet light 1-2min, obtain ultraviolet mutagenesis shelled peanut；
（4）Pressurization mutagenesis：Ultraviolet mutagenesis shelled peanut is immersed mass concentration respectively to eat for 0.8%, 0.9%-1.1%, 1.3%-1.5%
Mutagenic treatment is carried out in brine, 15-20Mpa is boosted to and handles 40-50min respectively using Co 60 at a constant temperature, obtain pressurization mutagenesis
Shelled peanut；
（5）Germination treatment：When pressurization mutagenesis shelled peanut is placed in micro- to the bud-leaf leakage of vernalization in insulating box, then using tobacco leaf extracting solution
Bud-leaf smear 2 times, obtains vernalization shelled peanut；
（6）Hot-house culture：Vernalization shelled peanut is sowed to bed of nursing young plants in hothouses and is cultivated, wherein seedling bed soil salt content is
0.8%-1%, individually plants well-grown plant and collects seed, obtain saline-alkali tolerant shelled peanut.
2. the breeding method of saline-alkali tolerant peanut as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）The organic matter fertilizer,
It is respectively configured to sub-prime gauge part：20-30 parts of peat soil, 14-17 parts of humic acid, 8-12 parts of lemon dregs, 7-10 parts of ginkgo leaf,
6-9 parts of willow leaf, 4-7 parts of tapioca starch, 1-3 parts of mineral powder, 1-2 parts of pulverized limestone.
3. the breeding method of saline-alkali tolerant peanut as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（2）The ethene, it is logical
Enter the 6%-8% that amount is containment vessel volume；The ozone, its intake are the 14%-18% of containment vessel volume.
4. the breeding method of saline-alkali tolerant peanut as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（4）The constant temperature, its temperature
Spend for 32-36 DEG C.
5. the breeding method of saline-alkali tolerant peanut as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（4）The Co 60, its spoke
It is 50-60 rems according to intensity.
6. the breeding method of saline-alkali tolerant peanut as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that step（5）The tobacco leaf extraction
Liquid, wherein preparation method are：4-6 times of absolute ethyl alcohol of quality is added after tobacco leaf is crushed, in 65-70 DEG C of boiling 2-3h of temperature, and
Frequency of use is 18-22kHz supersonic oscillations 30-35min, and the 1/6 of original volume is concentrated into after filtering, and tobacco leaf extracting solution is made.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201711236166.3A CN107896982A (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | A kind of breeding method of saline-alkali tolerant peanut |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711236166.3A CN107896982A (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | A kind of breeding method of saline-alkali tolerant peanut |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107896982A true CN107896982A (en) | 2018-04-13 |
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ID=61849407
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| CN201711236166.3A Withdrawn CN107896982A (en) | 2017-11-30 | 2017-11-30 | A kind of breeding method of saline-alkali tolerant peanut |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108812295A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-16 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of high oleic acid salt tolerant peanut selection |
| CN113141898A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-07-23 | 郴州市农业科学研究所 | Grafting and replanting method without influencing current-year yield of grapes |
-
2017
- 2017-11-30 CN CN201711236166.3A patent/CN107896982A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108812295A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-11-16 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of high oleic acid salt tolerant peanut selection |
| CN113141898A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-07-23 | 郴州市农业科学研究所 | Grafting and replanting method without influencing current-year yield of grapes |
| CN113141898B (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2023-10-24 | 郴州市农业科学研究所 | Grafting and seed changing method without influencing current year yield of grapes |
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