CN107801628A - A kind of Chinese cabbage parent greenhouse adds for mating system - Google Patents

A kind of Chinese cabbage parent greenhouse adds for mating system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107801628A
CN107801628A CN201711017653.0A CN201711017653A CN107801628A CN 107801628 A CN107801628 A CN 107801628A CN 201711017653 A CN201711017653 A CN 201711017653A CN 107801628 A CN107801628 A CN 107801628A
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seed
greenhouse
chinese cabbage
year
adds
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CN201711017653.0A
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CN107801628B (en
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宋聚红
荀佳钰
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Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences
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Hu Yuezhan
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01HNEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H1/00Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
    • A01H1/02Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01HNEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
    • A01H3/00Processes for modifying phenotypes, e.g. symbiosis with bacteria
    • A01H3/02Processes for modifying phenotypes, e.g. symbiosis with bacteria by controlling duration, wavelength, intensity, or periodicity of illumination

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to Chinese cabbage plus for raising technology field, and in particular to a kind of Chinese cabbage parent greenhouse adds for mating system, including following breeds step:By the first generation in late December sowing with greenhouse, vernalization is carried out under the conditions of greenhouse natural low temperature;It is colonized in open country net canopy mid-March and carries out artificial pollination, harvests parental seed mid-June;Seed greenhouse is soaked seed at the beginning of 7 months, 11~12h of vernalization;Vernalization treatment is carried out at low ambient temperatures, and August is sowed seed on 1st~5, and 5~6 true leaves are colonized in greenhouse by August on the 15th~20, artificial cabage-type rape after bolting;Seed maturity harvests by the end of November.The mating system of the present invention, utilize the characteristic of Chinese cabbage seed low temperature vernalization, under conditions of its natural growth-development law is not changed, artificial manufacture cryogenic conditions, Chinese cabbage optimum growh developing environment is created with reference to greenhouse, realize 1 year and blossom and have seeds twice, increase reproductive order of generation, accelerate Chinese cabbage breed breeding speed.

Description

A kind of Chinese cabbage parent greenhouse adds for mating system
Technical field
The present invention relates to Chinese cabbage plus for raising technology field, and in particular to a kind of Chinese cabbage parent greenhouse adds generation to breed Method.
Background technology
Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis Makino) originates in China, is southerner The most popular staple vegetable of people's eating throughout the year, is gradually expanded to the state such as northern area, Japan, the U.S., Southeast Asia also in recent years Introducing and planting.Chinese cabbage is biennial plant, and being transferred to reproductive growth by nutrient growth needs low temperature vernalization and long-day to induce, In breeding process, the screening and innovation of material need to pass through the breeding links such as backcrossing, selfing and hybridization, typically be selfed for 5~6 generations Homozygous breeding material can be obtained.A generation can only be bred within 1 year under field conditions (factors), so as to have impact on the process of breeding work, be Accelerate Chinese cabbage breed breeding speed, it is necessary to which carrying out adding generation, (adding generation is 1 year under conditions of manual control Breed more generations).Add therefore, the present invention provides a kind of time short Chinese cabbage parent greenhouse of breeding for mating system.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a kind of Chinese cabbage parent greenhouse to add generation to breed Method, it is the characteristic of seed low temperature vernalization using Chinese cabbage, under conditions of its natural growth-development law is not changed, profit With equipment such as refrigerator, incubators, cryogenic conditions are artificially manufactured, Chinese cabbage seed is handled by artificial hypothermia, with reference to temperature Chinese cabbage optimum growh developing environment is created in room, realizes 1 year and blossoms and has seeds twice, increases reproductive order of generation.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of Chinese cabbage parent greenhouse adds for mating system, including following breeds step:
S1. by the first generation in the sowing of First Year late December and greenhouse, using 1:1 garden mould and vermiculite is as culture Base, 18~22 DEG C of daytime in greenhouse, vernalization is carried out under the conditions of 3~8 DEG C of night;
S2. it is colonized in open country net canopy mid-March in Second Year, bolting is bloomed between Second Year 18 to April 22 April, Then artificial pollination is carried out, terminates pollination after one month;
S3. in Second Year harvest mid-June parental seed;
S4. at the beginning of Second Year 7 months, seed soaking 4~4.5h in parental seed greenhouse after the abundant water swelling of seed, will be planted Son is positioned in the culture dish for being covered with double-layer filter paper, adds water to be sufficiently humidified so as to by filter paper, is placed in 20~25 DEG C of illumination boxs and is urged 11~12h of bud;
S5. after Seed sprouting, seed is placed under 0~5 DEG C of environment and carries out vernalization treatment 30~35 days;
S6. after vernalization terminates, seed was seeded into Second Year August to August in greenhouse in 5 within 1st, using 1:1 garden Soil and vermiculite are as culture medium;
S7. 5~6 true leaves were colonized in Second Year August to August in greenhouse in 20 within 15th, in Second Year September 5 to September Bolting between 10 days, start artificial cabage-type rape;
S8. Second Year early November be capped film to improve warm indoor temperature, Second Year by the end of November seed fully into It is ripe, harvest.
Further, in the step S2 and S7, base fertilizer is used sufficient before field planting, per 66.7m2Apply high-quality farm manure 300kg, NPK 5kg, 0.1~0.2kg of boron fertilizer.
Further, chase after an instant nitrogenousfertilizer within 7~10 days after field planting and carry seedling.
Further, after bolting and before full blossom, per 66.7m2Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium 1~1.5kg of NPK are chased after, applies 1~2 It is secondary, spray foliar fertilizer extra-nutrition.
Further, the foliar fertilizer is 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
Further, the hole tray that 32 or 50 holes are respectively adopted is used to sow the first generation and parental seed.
Further, disease control is periodically carried out in reproductive process.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:Chinese cabbage parent greenhouse of the present invention adds for mating system, white using not balling Dish is the characteristic of seed low temperature vernalization, under conditions of its natural growth-development law is not changed, artificially manufactures cryogenic conditions, makes Chinese cabbage seed is handled by artificial hypothermia, is created Chinese cabbage optimum growh developing environment with reference to greenhouse, is realized one Year blossoms and has seeds twice, increases reproductive order of generation, accelerates Chinese cabbage breed breeding speed.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is described in further detail with reference to specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not It is confined to as described below.
Embodiment
A kind of Chinese cabbage parent greenhouse adds for mating system, including following breeds step:
S1. by the first generation in the sowing of First Year late December and greenhouse, using 1:1 garden mould and vermiculite is as culture Base, 18~22 DEG C of daytime in greenhouse, vernalization is carried out under the conditions of 3~8 DEG C of night;
S2. it is colonized in open country net canopy mid-March in Second Year, bolting is bloomed between Second Year 18 to April 22 April, Then artificial pollination is carried out, terminates pollination after one month;
S3. in Second Year harvest mid-June parental seed;
S4. at the beginning of Second Year 7 months, seed soaking 4~4.5h in parental seed greenhouse after the abundant water swelling of seed, will be planted Son is positioned in the culture dish for being covered with double-layer filter paper, adds water to be sufficiently humidified so as to by filter paper, is placed in 20~25 DEG C of illumination boxs and is urged 11~12h of bud;
S5. after Seed sprouting, seed is placed under 0~5 DEG C of environment and carries out vernalization treatment 30~35 days;
S6. after vernalization terminates, seed was seeded into Second Year August to August in greenhouse in 5 within 1st, using 1:1 garden Soil and vermiculite are as culture medium;
S7. 5~6 true leaves were colonized in Second Year August to August in greenhouse in 20 within 15th, in Second Year September 5 to September Bolting between 10 days, start artificial cabage-type rape;
S8. Second Year early November be capped film to improve warm indoor temperature, Second Year by the end of November seed fully into It is ripe, harvest.
In a preferred embodiment, in the step S2 and S7, base fertilizer is used sufficient before field planting, per 66.7m2Apply high-quality Farm manure 300kg, NPK 5kg, 0.1~0.2kg of boron fertilizer.
In a preferred embodiment, chase after an instant nitrogenousfertilizer within 7~10 days after field planting and carry seedling, florescence should not chase after nitrogen again Fertilizer, in order to avoid the remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe delay seed maturity of plant.
In a preferred embodiment, after bolting and before full blossom, per 66.7m2Chase after nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium NPK 1~ 1.5kg, apply 1~2 time, spray foliar fertilizer extra-nutrition.
In a preferred embodiment, the foliar fertilizer is 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
In a preferred embodiment, the hole tray that 32 or 50 holes are respectively adopted is used to sow the first generation and parental seed.
In a preferred embodiment, disease control is periodically carried out in reproductive process.It is high in canopy after warmhouse booth epiphragma Warm high humidity, aphid, cabbage caterpillar, virosis, downy mildew, soft rot etc. easily occurs, need to prevent and treat in time.
Test example
Carried out using the present invention's plus for mating system in Shijiazhuang District plus generation breeds, concrete operation method is:First Late December generation is sowed, and the hole tray for being seeded into 32 or 50 holes is positioned over greenhouse, with 1:1 garden mould and vermiculite makees culture medium, profit Vernalization is carried out with greenhouse natural low temperature condition, is colonized in open country net canopy mid-March, on April 20 or so, bolting was bloomed, and was carried out artificial Cabage-type rape, on May 20 or so, pollination terminated, and mid-June harvests seed, and the yield and plumpness of parental seed are fine;Second At the beginning of 7 months from generation to generation, the seed room temperature of harvest is soaked seed 4~4.5h, after the abundant water swelling of seed, seed is positioned over be covered with it is double In the culture dish of layer filter paper, add a small amount of water to be sufficiently humidified so as to by filter paper, be placed in vernalization 11-12h in 20~25 DEG C of illumination boxs;Treat After Seed sprouting, seed is placed in progress 30~35d of vernalization treatment in 0~5 DEG C of refrigerator, after vernalization terminates, August 1~5 day will The hole tray that seed is seeded into 32 or 50 holes is positioned over greenhouse, with 1:1 garden mould and vermiculite makees culture medium, August 15~20 days 5~6 Piece true leaf is colonized in greenhouse, and September bolting on the 5th~10 starts artificial cabage-type rape, and early November is capped film to improve greenhouse Interior temperature, ensure to blossom and bear fruit is normally carried out;Seed is fully ripe by the end of November, harvest.
During test example progress, after Chinese cabbage seed vernalization processing, carry out adding generation in Shijiazhuang District autumn Breeding is feasible, it is important to selects appropriate vernalization number of days and sowing time;Warmhouse booth late fall culture underglass, it more can guarantee that and add What foundry was made is smoothed out;In terms of the cultivation technique for adding generation, base fertilizer is used sufficient before field planting, per 66.7m2Apply high-quality farm manure 300kg, NPK 5kg, 0.1~0.2kg of boron fertilizer, chase after within 7-10 days after field planting an instant nitrogenousfertilizer and carry seedling, florescence is unsuitable Nitrogen dressing again, in order to avoid the remaining green when it is due to become yellow and ripe delay seed maturity of plant;If soil fertility is poor, after bolting and before full blossom, per 66.7m2Chase after nitrogen, Phosphorus, potassium 1~1.5kg of NPK, are applied 1~2 time, spray the foliar fertilizers such as 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate extra-nutrition.It is in addition, warm It is hot and humid in canopy after the greenhouse epiphragma of room, aphid, cabbage caterpillar, virosis, downy mildew, soft rot etc. easily occurs, need to prevent and treat in time.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to described herein Form, the exclusion to other embodiment is not to be taken as, and can be used for various other combinations, modification and environment, and can be at this In the text contemplated scope, it is modified by the technology or knowledge of above-mentioned teaching or association area.And those skilled in the art are entered Capable change and change does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, then all should be in the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention It is interior.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of Chinese cabbage parent greenhouse adds for mating system, it is characterised in that breeds step including following:
S1. by the first generation in the sowing of First Year late December and greenhouse, using 1:1 garden mould and vermiculite as culture medium, 18~22 DEG C of daytime in greenhouse, vernalization is carried out under the conditions of 3~8 DEG C of night;
S2. it is colonized in open country net canopy mid-March in Second Year, bolting is bloomed between Second Year 18 to April 22 April, then Artificial pollination is carried out, terminates pollination after one month;
S3. in Second Year harvest mid-June parental seed;
S4. at the beginning of Second Year 7 months, after the abundant water swelling of seed, seed is put by seed soaking 4~4.5h in parental seed greenhouse It is placed in the culture dish for being covered with double-layer filter paper, adds water to be sufficiently humidified so as to by filter paper, is placed in vernalization 11 in 20~25 DEG C of illumination boxs ~12h;
S5. after Seed sprouting, seed is placed under 0~5 DEG C of environment and carries out vernalization treatment 30~35 days;
S6. after vernalization terminates, seed was seeded into Second Year August to August in greenhouse in 5 within 1st, using 1:1 garden mould and Vermiculite is as culture medium;
S7. 5~6 true leaves were colonized in Second Year August to August in greenhouse in 20 within 15th, in Second Year September 5 to September 10 days Between bolting, start artificial cabage-type rape;
S8. film is capped in Second Year early November to improve warm indoor temperature, seed is fully ripe by the end of November in Second Year, receives Obtain.
2. a kind of Chinese cabbage parent greenhouse according to claim 1 adds for mating system, it is characterised in that the step In rapid S2 and S7, base fertilizer is used sufficient before field planting, per 66.7m2Apply high-quality farm manure 300kg, NPK 5kg, boron fertilizer 0.1 ~0.2kg.
3. a kind of Chinese cabbage parent greenhouse according to claim 2 adds for mating system, it is characterised in that is being colonized An instant nitrogenousfertilizer is chased after within 7~10 days afterwards carries seedling.
4. a kind of Chinese cabbage parent greenhouse according to claim 1 adds for mating system, it is characterised in that in bolting Afterwards with before full blossom, per 66.7m2Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium 1~1.5kg of NPK are chased after, is applied 1~2 time, sprays foliar fertilizer extra-nutrition.
5. a kind of Chinese cabbage parent greenhouse according to claim 4 adds for mating system, it is characterised in that the leaf Leaven is 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate.
6. a kind of Chinese cabbage parent greenhouse according to claim 1 adds for mating system, it is characterised in that adopts respectively It is used to sow the first generation and parental seed with the hole tray in 32 or 50 holes.
7. a kind of Chinese cabbage parent greenhouse according to claim 1 adds for mating system, it is characterised in that is breeding During periodically carry out disease control.
CN201711017653.0A 2017-10-27 2017-10-27 A kind of Chinese cabbage parent greenhouse adds for mating system Expired - Fee Related CN107801628B (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109362505A (en) * 2018-12-18 2019-02-22 武汉市农业科学院 A kind of Chinese cabbage quickly adds the method in generation
CN109691370A (en) * 2018-12-18 2019-04-30 武汉市农业科学院 A kind of radish quickly adds the method in generation
CN111990103A (en) * 2020-08-05 2020-11-27 江苏省农业科学院 Method for adjusting flowering synchronization of hybrid seed production of non-heading Chinese cabbages
CN113597994A (en) * 2021-08-19 2021-11-05 南京新创蔬菜分子育种研究院有限公司 Vernalization treatment method of white stem vegetables

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109362505A (en) * 2018-12-18 2019-02-22 武汉市农业科学院 A kind of Chinese cabbage quickly adds the method in generation
CN109691370A (en) * 2018-12-18 2019-04-30 武汉市农业科学院 A kind of radish quickly adds the method in generation
CN111990103A (en) * 2020-08-05 2020-11-27 江苏省农业科学院 Method for adjusting flowering synchronization of hybrid seed production of non-heading Chinese cabbages
CN113597994A (en) * 2021-08-19 2021-11-05 南京新创蔬菜分子育种研究院有限公司 Vernalization treatment method of white stem vegetables

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Inventor after: Song Juhong

Inventor after: Xun Jiayu

Inventor after: Wang Haishan

Inventor after: Feng Zhiming

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