CN107691362A - 一种肉驴育肥预混料及其饲喂方法 - Google Patents
一种肉驴育肥预混料及其饲喂方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107691362A CN107691362A CN201711048092.0A CN201711048092A CN107691362A CN 107691362 A CN107691362 A CN 107691362A CN 201711048092 A CN201711048092 A CN 201711048092A CN 107691362 A CN107691362 A CN 107691362A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- premix
- meat donkey
- vitamin
- donkey
- meat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 241000283074 Equus asinus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 210000004534 cecum Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000014590 basal diet Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000035611 feeding Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 240000001046 Lactobacillus acidophilus Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000013956 Lactobacillus acidophilus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N (+)-Biotin Chemical compound N1C(=O)N[C@@H]2[C@H](CCCCC(=O)O)SC[C@@H]21 YBJHBAHKTGYVGT-ZKWXMUAHSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000014680 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940039695 lactobacillus acidophilus Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 7
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (±)-α-Tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2OC(CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 13-cis retinol Natural products OCC=C(C)C=CC=C(C)C=CC1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pteroyl-L-glutaminsaeure Natural products C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N Vitamin A Natural products OC/C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(\C)/C=C/C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-BOOMUCAASA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N all-trans-retinol Chemical compound OC\C=C(/C)\C=C\C=C(/C)\C=C\C1=C(C)CCCC1(C)C FPIPGXGPPPQFEQ-OVSJKPMPSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002685 biotin Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000020958 biotin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011616 biotin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L calcium D-pantothenic acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O.OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC([O-])=O FAPWYRCQGJNNSJ-UBKPKTQASA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002079 calcium pantothenate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960000304 folic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019152 folic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011724 folic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000001968 nicotinic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019155 vitamin A Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011719 vitamin A Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011715 vitamin B12 Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011716 vitamin B2 Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011726 vitamin B6 Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940045997 vitamin a Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930003427 Vitamin E Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L cobalt(3+);[(2r,3s,4r,5s)-5-(5,6-dimethylbenzimidazol-1-yl)-4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-3-yl] [(2r)-1-[3-[(1r,2r,3r,4z,7s,9z,12s,13s,14z,17s,18s,19r)-2,13,18-tris(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)-7,12,17-tris(3-amino-3-oxopropyl)-3,5,8,8,13,15,18,19-octamethyl-2 Chemical compound [Co+3].N#[C-].N([C@@H]([C@]1(C)[N-]\C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C(\C)/C1=N/C([C@H]([C@@]1(CC(N)=O)C)CCC(N)=O)=C\C1=N\C([C@H](C1(C)C)CCC(N)=O)=C/1C)[C@@H]2CC(N)=O)=C\1[C@]2(C)CCC(=O)NC[C@@H](C)OP([O-])(=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](N2C3=CC(C)=C(C)C=C3N=C2)O[C@@H]1CO FDJOLVPMNUYSCM-WZHZPDAFSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N gamma-tocopherol Natural products CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC1CCC2C(C)C(O)C(C)C(C)C2O1 WIGCFUFOHFEKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011647 vitamin D3 Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011652 vitamin K3 Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MJVAVZPDRWSRRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Menadione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(C)=CC(=O)C2=C1 MJVAVZPDRWSRRC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Threonine Natural products CC(O)C(N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004473 Threonine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930182817 methionine Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZUFQODAHGAHPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O ZUFQODAHGAHPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thiamine hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.[Cl-].CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N DPJRMOMPQZCRJU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000252983 Caecum Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 5
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 5
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000015277 pork Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N L-threonine Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)[C@H](N)C(O)=O AYFVYJQAPQTCCC-GBXIJSLDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020776 essential amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003797 essential amino acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003031 feeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 210000000936 intestine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013622 meat product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020777 polyunsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014347 soups Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N vitamin D3 Chemical compound C1(/[C@@H]2CC[C@@H]([C@]2(CCC1)C)[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)=C\C=C1\C[C@@H](O)CCC1=C QYSXJUFSXHHAJI-YRZJJWOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/02—Breeding vertebrates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/30—Oligoelements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及饲料技术领域,具体涉及到一种肉驴育肥预混料及其饲养方法。本发明所述肉驴育肥预混料由复合维生素、复合矿物质元素、氨基酸、盲肠微生物和载体5部分组成。将所述肉驴育肥预混料添加到基础日粮中用于饲喂肉驴,不仅满足了肉驴快速生长的营养需求,而且与饲养方法有机结合在一起,显著提高了肉驴的平均日增重,大大增加了肉驴养殖的经济效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及饲料技术领域,尤其涉及一种肉驴育肥预混料及其饲喂方法。
背景技术
我国毛驴养殖历史很长,过去基本都是役用。改革开放后,随着农业机械化程度的提高,毛驴逐渐退出农耕,毛驴养殖业也随之逐渐衰落,良繁良育停滞不前,存栏量已由上世纪90年代初的1100万头左右,下滑到今年的400万头左右,而且仍以每年3-4%的速度减少,照此发展下去,我国的毛驴数量到2030年将不足200万头,优良驴种将最终消失,品种资源严重退化。
民间有“天上龙肉、地上驴肉”、“要长寿吃驴肉、要健康喝驴汤”之经典谚语。从俗语中也能看出驴肉在民间有着很高的地位,这种地位不仅仅指好吃味美更重要是指营养价值较高。现代科学手段也再次印证这句俗语的具体内涵:驴肉的蛋白质含量比其他肉制品都高,蛋白质含量比羊肉多14.6%,比猪肉多15.8%,比牛肉多16.9%,比鸡肉多21.1%,而脂肪含量却是这几种肉中含量最低的,驴肉的脂肪含量为5%,比羊肉、猪肉、牛肉分别低40%,32%,14%,其胆固醇含量也是最低的,仅为65mg/100g。此外,驴肉中氨基酸的含量也最为丰富,8种必需氨基酸的含量最高。驴肉中多不饱和脂肪酸的含量显著高于其他几种肉,是羊肉的1.3倍,是猪肉的3.1倍,牛肉的3.0倍,是鸡肉的2.4倍,驴肉的不饱和脂肪酸含量为55.8%。
然而,驴养殖产业不像猪、鸡、牛、羊那样有相关的产业政策的支持和***的养殖技术研究,缺乏规模化、集约化养殖,致使驴养殖总量呈直线下滑。而且,目前我国仅有的养殖范围,饲养方式也不规范,人们通常采用饲养牛、马的饲料来饲料驴;但是,毕竟驴和牛、马是不同的动物,有其自身的生理特点,在其生长过程中对营养成分的需求也与牛、马不同。因此,多年来,驴的饲养效果并没有得到明显改善。
发明内容
鉴于此,本发明的目的在于提供一种肉驴育肥预混料及其饲喂方法,使得该肉驴育肥预混料能够显著提高肉驴平均日增重,大大增加肉驴养殖效益。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种肉驴育肥预混料,其特征在于,包括复合维生素、复合矿物质元素、氨基酸、盲肠微生物和载体。
本发明中选择适宜的盲肠微生物菌中进行组合,与维生素、矿物质、氨基酸等多种营养组分配合,研发得到一种全新的肉驴育肥预混料,将其添加到基础日粮中用于饲喂肉驴,显著提高了肉驴平均日增重,大大增加了肉驴养殖效益,有利于推动驴养殖业向产业化、规模化发展。
作为优选,盲肠微生物包括:酿酒酵母、枯草芽孢杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌。
本发明采用的酿酒酵母、枯草芽孢杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌均可市售获得。在本发明提供的具体实施例中,每100kg所述肉驴育肥预混料中所述盲肠微生物包括:酿酒酵母400-600g、枯草芽孢杆菌250-350g和嗜酸乳杆菌800-1200g。优选采用酿酒酵母每克有效活菌数不低于200亿;枯草芽孢杆菌每克有效活菌数不低于1000亿/g,嗜酸乳杆菌每克有效活菌数不低于100亿/g。
作为优选,本发明肉驴育肥预混料中,所述复合维生素由维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素K3、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、烟酸、泛酸钙、叶酸和生物素混合制成。
在本发明提供的具体实施例中,每100kg所述肉驴育肥预混料中所述复合维生素由维生素A 60-75mg,维生素D3 0.9-1.15mg,维生素E 270-335mg,维生素K3 50-75mg,维生素B1 8-13mg,维生素B2 20-26mg,维生素B6 8-13mg,维生素B12 0.08-0.14mg,烟酸80-120mg,泛酸钙80-120mg,叶酸8-13mg,生物素1.5-2mg混合制成。
本发明所述肉驴育肥预混料中,所述复合矿物质元素由铜、锌、铁、锰、硒、碘、磷酸氢钙、石粉和氯化钠混合制成。
作为优选,每100kg所述肉驴育肥预混料中所述复合矿质元素由铜0.4-0.6mg,锌3.0-3.7mg,铁4.0-6.0mg,锰1.5-2.5mg,硒6-10mg,碘40-50mg,磷酸氢钙3.2-3.6kg,石粉38-42kg,氯化钠8-10kg混合制成。
作为优选,所述氨基酸由赖氨酸0.8~1kg、蛋氨酸0.8~1kg、苏氨酸0.3-0.5kg组成。
本发明提供的肉驴育肥预混料中,所述载体包括:稻壳粉19-22kg和沸石粉17-30kg,其作用在于使由酿酒酵母、枯草芽孢杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌组成的活性成分以及由复合维生素、复合矿物质元素、氨基酸组成的营养成分稀释,并均匀地吸附在发酵载体上,保证这些活性成分和营养成分能够更均匀混合于基础日粮中。
本发明还提供了上述肉驴育肥预混料的制备方法,包括:将复合维生素、复合矿物质元素、氨基酸、盲肠微生物和载体混合均匀即得。
本发明还提供了上述肉驴育肥预混料在制备肉驴饲料中的应用。
在本发明提供的具体实施例中,所述肉驴饲料预混料占所述肉驴饲料的质量百含量为3-4.5%。
本发明还提供了采用所述肉驴饲料饲喂肉驴的方法,包括:体重在150-200kg时,每日按体重1.5-2%供给精料,补充足够草料,每天分4次饲喂;体重在200kg以上时,按体重2-3%供给精料,补充足够草料,每天分4次饲喂。
本发明提供了一种肉驴育肥预混料及其饲喂方法,将所述肉驴饲料预混料添加到基础日粮中用于饲喂肉驴,显著提高了肉驴平均日增重,大大增加了肉驴养殖效益。将本发明所述的肉驴饲料预混料与所述的饲喂方法结合,效果更为显著,有利于推动驴养殖业向产业化、规模化发展。
具体实施方式
本发明公开了一种肉驴育肥预混料及其饲喂方法,本领域技术人员可以借鉴本文内容,适当改进配料参数实现。特别需要指出的是,所有类似的替换和改动对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的,它们都被视为包括在本发明内。本发明的方法及应用已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述,相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明内容、精神和范围内对本文所述的方法和应用进行改动或适当变更与组合,来实现和应用本发明技术。
对所公开的实施例的说明,使本领域专业技术人员能够实现或使用本发明。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的专业技术人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本发明的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本发明将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。
下面结合实施例,进一步阐述本发明:
实施例1~4和对比例1~4
实施例1~4和对比例1~4的预混料配方如表1所示。
表1试验1-4预混料配方(mg)
实施例5本发明所述肉驴饲料
饲料配方:实施例1的预混料3kg、玉米55kg、豆粕20kg、麸皮22kg。
实施例6本发明所述肉驴饲料
饲料配方:实施例2的预混料3.5kg、玉米58kg、豆粕22kg、麸皮16.5kg。
实施例7本发明所述肉驴饲料
饲料配方:实施例3的预混料4kg、玉米63kg、豆粕24kg、麸皮9kg。
实施例8本发明所述肉驴饲料
饲料配方:实施例4的预混料4.5kg、玉米65kg、豆粕26kg、麸皮4.5kg。
实施例9本发明所述饲喂方法
体重在150-200kg时,每日按体重1.5-2%供给本发明实施例5~8所述的饲料,补充足够草料,每天分4次饲喂;体重在200kg以上时,按体重2-3%供给所述饲料,补充足够草料,每天分4次饲喂。
实施例10饲喂试验
试验设置试验1、试验2、试验3和试验4,共8个处理组,试验1:分别饲喂实施例1和对比例1的预混料;试验2:分别饲喂实施例2和对比例2的预混料;试验3:分别饲喂实施例3和对比例3的预混料;试验4:分别饲喂实施例4和对比例4的预混料,按照表2所示的饲料配方和本发明所述的饲喂方法进行饲养。
8个处理组,每组随机分50头肉驴(180kg±4kg),公母数量一致,试验期为67天,预饲期7天,正式期60天。按照本发明实施例7的饲喂方法进行育肥前的准备和饲喂。在试验前两天和试验后两天,连续对试验肉驴进行空腹称重,取平均值。记录试验肉驴的日均采食量和日均增重,结果见表3。
表2试验饲料配方(%)
表3肉驴增重情况及采食量(kg)
注:肩标注a,P>0.05,差异不显著;肩标注b,P<0.05,差异显著;肩标注c,P<0.01,差异极显著。
由表3可知,饲喂实例1~4预混料的试验组1~4在末重、总增重和日均增重方面的效果均明显高于对照组1~4,同时采食量低于对照组1~4。其中,试验组3末重显著高于对照组3(P<0.05),试验组4末重极显著高于对照组4(P<0.01)。表明本发明提供的肉驴饲料预混料,饲料转化率高,增重明显,明显降低了肉驴养殖成本。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种肉驴育肥预混料,其特征在于,包括复合维生素、复合矿物质元素、氨基酸、盲肠微生物和载体。
2.根据权利要求1所述的肉驴育肥预混料,其特征在于,所述盲肠微生物:酿酒酵母、枯草芽孢杆菌和嗜酸乳杆菌。
3.根据权利要求2所述的肉驴育肥预混料,其特征在于,每100kg所述肉驴育肥预混料中,所述盲肠微生物包括:酿酒酵母400-600g,枯草芽孢杆菌250-350g,嗜酸乳杆菌800-1200g;所述酿酒酵母每克有效活菌数不低于200亿,所述枯草芽孢杆菌每克有效活菌数不低于1000亿/g,所述嗜酸乳杆菌每克有效活菌数不低于100亿/g。
4.根据权利要求1所述的肉驴育肥预混料,其特征在于,所述复合维生素由维生素A、维生素D3、维生素E、维生素K3、维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、维生素B12、烟酸、泛酸钙、叶酸和生物素混合制成。
5.根据权利要求1所述的肉驴育肥预混料,其特征在于,每100kg所述肉驴育肥预混料中,所述复合维生素由维生素A 60-75mg,维生素D3 0.9-1.15mg,维生素E 270-335mg,维生素K3 50-75mg,维生素B1 8-13mg,维生素B2 20-26mg,维生素B6 8-13mg,维生素B12 0.08-0.14mg,烟酸80-120mg,泛酸钙80-120mg,叶酸8-13mg,生物素1.5-2mg混合制成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的肉驴育肥预混料,其特征在于,每100kg所述肉驴育肥预混料中所述复合矿质元素由铜0.4-0.6mg,锌3.0-3.7mg,铁4.0-6.0mg,锰1.5-2.5mg,硒6-10mg,碘40-50mg,磷酸氢钙3.2-3.6kg,石粉38-42kg,氯化钠8-10kg混合制成。
7.根据权利要求1所述的肉驴育肥预混料,其特征在于,每100kg所述肉驴育肥预混料中,所述氨基酸包括:赖氨酸0.8-1kg、蛋氨酸0.8-1kg、苏氨酸0.3-0.5kg。
8.根据权利要求1~7任一项所述的肉驴育肥预混料,其特征在于,每100kg所述肉驴育肥预混料中,所述载体包括:稻壳粉19-22kg和沸石粉17-30kg。
9.一种肉驴育肥饲料,其特征在于,包括基础日粮和权利要求1-8任一项所述的肉驴育肥预混料,所述肉驴育肥预混料占所述肉驴饲料的质量百含量为3-4.5%。
10.采用权利要求9所述肉驴育肥饲料饲喂肉驴的方法,其特征在于,体重在150-200kg时,每日按体重1.5-2%供给精料,补充足够草料,每天分4次饲喂;体重在200kg以上时,按体重2-3%供给精料,补充足够草料,每天分4次饲喂。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201711048092.0A CN107691362A (zh) | 2017-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | 一种肉驴育肥预混料及其饲喂方法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201711048092.0A CN107691362A (zh) | 2017-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | 一种肉驴育肥预混料及其饲喂方法 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN107691362A true CN107691362A (zh) | 2018-02-16 |
Family
ID=61176476
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201711048092.0A Pending CN107691362A (zh) | 2017-10-31 | 2017-10-31 | 一种肉驴育肥预混料及其饲喂方法 |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN107691362A (zh) |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102210409A (zh) * | 2011-05-30 | 2011-10-12 | 河南科技大学 | 一种肉用雏鸡饲料及其制备方法 |
US20130071367A1 (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2013-03-21 | Technische Universitat Munchen | Animal feed for calves for conditioning the intestinal flora |
CN104286508A (zh) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-21 | 胡伟东 | 一种肉驴专用饲料及其制备方法 |
CN105724782A (zh) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-07-06 | 广州自然实业有限公司 | 一种缓释复合预混合饲料及制备方法与饲料 |
WO2016195369A1 (ko) * | 2015-06-05 | 2016-12-08 | 윤관식 | 사료용 유지 조성물, 이를 이용한 성장 촉진용 사료 첨가제, 가축용 사료 조성물 및 가축 사육 방법 |
CN106666112A (zh) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-17 | 薄文海 | 一种驴的育肥饲料 |
CN106819443A (zh) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-06-13 | 蚌埠市渔歌农业科技有限公司 | 一种肉驴的养殖饲料 |
CN107183341A (zh) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-09-22 | 肖鹏宏 | 无草育肥驴饲料及其制备方法 |
-
2017
- 2017-10-31 CN CN201711048092.0A patent/CN107691362A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20130071367A1 (en) * | 2010-03-29 | 2013-03-21 | Technische Universitat Munchen | Animal feed for calves for conditioning the intestinal flora |
CN102210409A (zh) * | 2011-05-30 | 2011-10-12 | 河南科技大学 | 一种肉用雏鸡饲料及其制备方法 |
CN104286508A (zh) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-21 | 胡伟东 | 一种肉驴专用饲料及其制备方法 |
WO2016195369A1 (ko) * | 2015-06-05 | 2016-12-08 | 윤관식 | 사료용 유지 조성물, 이를 이용한 성장 촉진용 사료 첨가제, 가축용 사료 조성물 및 가축 사육 방법 |
CN105724782A (zh) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-07-06 | 广州自然实业有限公司 | 一种缓释复合预混合饲料及制备方法与饲料 |
CN106819443A (zh) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-06-13 | 蚌埠市渔歌农业科技有限公司 | 一种肉驴的养殖饲料 |
CN106666112A (zh) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-17 | 薄文海 | 一种驴的育肥饲料 |
CN107183341A (zh) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-09-22 | 肖鹏宏 | 无草育肥驴饲料及其制备方法 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Luquet | Tilapia, Oreochromis spp | |
CN104146184B (zh) | 肉羊育肥期全混合饲料及其制备方法 | |
CN104431614B (zh) | 一种无抗仔猪教槽料及其用途 | |
CN106819385B (zh) | 一种哺乳母猪浓缩饲料 | |
CN105248897A (zh) | 一种改良肉质的猪用饲料 | |
CN104798990B (zh) | 一种发酵微量元素预混料和发酵复合预混料及制备方法 | |
ES2618836T3 (es) | Método para producir pollos | |
CN102389059B (zh) | 一种肉牛精料补充料及其制备方法 | |
CN103250879B (zh) | 一种用于调节仔猪肠道发育的配合饲料及应用 | |
CN104642258A (zh) | 一种猪养殖过程中生长阶段和育肥阶段的饲喂方法 | |
CN104381689A (zh) | 一种无抗生素乳猪教槽料 | |
CN109198214A (zh) | 一种发酵饲料、制备方法及其配合饲料 | |
CN105124311A (zh) | 一种促进羊毛生长的绵羊饲料及其制备方法 | |
CN104322900A (zh) | 一种断奶仔猪教槽料及其制备方法 | |
CN105192391A (zh) | 一种强化犊牛生长性能的高蛋白犊牛代乳品 | |
KR20090121758A (ko) | 펠렛형 사료첨가제(생균제)의 제조방법 | |
CN102919583A (zh) | 一种獭兔仔兔无抗饲料 | |
CN104187007A (zh) | 一种无抗生素的乳猪配合饲料及其用途 | |
CN109393194A (zh) | 一种肉鹅育肥期低蛋白氨基酸平衡日粮及其制备方法 | |
CN112655830A (zh) | 一种生长育肥猪全发酵浓缩饲料、其制备方法及应用 | |
CN104472910A (zh) | 仔猪饲料 | |
CN104621381A (zh) | 一种含有发酵虫草提取物的断奶仔猪配合饲料配方 | |
CN103875983A (zh) | 一种无公害的生长育肥猪配合饲料 | |
CN108541808A (zh) | 一种生长育肥猪生物型全价配合饲料 | |
CN104543580B (zh) | 促进断奶仔猪采食的预混料及由该预混料构成的仔猪日粮 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20180216 |
|
RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |