CN107683810A - It is a kind of to prevent and treat cray by the Yield Fish Culture Ponds method for breeding of parasitic infection - Google Patents
It is a kind of to prevent and treat cray by the Yield Fish Culture Ponds method for breeding of parasitic infection Download PDFInfo
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- CN107683810A CN107683810A CN201711000773.XA CN201711000773A CN107683810A CN 107683810 A CN107683810 A CN 107683810A CN 201711000773 A CN201711000773 A CN 201711000773A CN 107683810 A CN107683810 A CN 107683810A
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- pond
- water
- cray
- lobster
- planktonic organism
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Classifications
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- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to aquaculture of aquatic animal technical field, it is that a kind of can prevent and treat cray by the Yield Fish Culture Ponds method for breeding of parasitic infection, the inventive method is by rationally designing lobster cultivating pool, Aided design planktonic organism culture pond and well, cray of making rational planning for throws seedling time and cultural method, using special there is the special compound feed of preventing and treating cray parasitic infection and planktonic organism to cook bait, to reach the cultivation purpose of integrated control cray parasitic infection, cray cultivation is carried out using the inventive method, produced cray is not by parasitic infection, it is green, it is best in quality, it greatly strengthen the market competitiveness of cray；And using cray listing peak period of staggering, the original 1 year wheel cray of cultivation one is changed into 1 year cultivation two-wheeled cray, the selling price of cray is not only substantially increased, also improves cray yield, the overall economic benefit of cray cultivation is added, is adapted to be widely popularized use.
Description
Technical field
It is particularly a kind of to prevent and treat cray by the high yield pond of parasitic infection the present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture
Pool method for breeding.
Background technology
Cray is a kind of economic freshwater shrimps, because meat flavour is delicious wide welcomed by the people, has thus driven cray cultivation
The fast development of industry.Cray feeding habits are miscellaneous, the speed of growth is fast, adaptable, and very big competition is occupied in cultivation industry
Advantage.But simultaneously because cray is a kind of Omnivore, its scope of ingesting includes pasture and water, algae, aquatic insect, animal corpse
Body etc., and pasture and water, algae, insect in poisons in freshwater etc. are possible to by various parasites such as blood fluke, lung fluke, liver in vivo
Fluke etc. infects, and then the cray for causing to live in water body turns into the second of these parasites also by these parasitic infections
Intermediate host.In recent years, every cray listing season is always related to the news report of edible cray infection parasite, some
News is perhaps even old lore report of speaking or acting on hearsay evidence, but the parasitic infection problem of cray still can be to its sales volume and valency
Lattice cause necessarily to influence, therefore, will if the very small cray even without parasitic infection of parasitic infection rate can be cultivated out
It can show one's talent from vast cray breeding enterprise, turn into the mark post of cray cultivation industry, greatly enterprise image
And influence power.In addition, the cultivation of cray at present is generally 1 year wheel of cultivation one, cray Time To Market is exactly in concentration
The peak period of listing, there is no advantage in price, competitive not strong, culture benefit is not high.Therefore, a kind of new cray is researched and developed to support
Method is grown, break traditions foster shrimp pattern, turns into urgent problem to be solved in current cray breeding process.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is aiming at current existing cray cultural method, and the cray of cultivation is inevitably
By parasitic infection, and raised mostly using the pattern of 1 year wheel of cultivation one, the problem of culture benefit is not high, there is provided
It is a kind of to prevent and treat cray by the Yield Fish Culture Ponds method for breeding of parasitic infection.
The a kind of of the present invention can prevent and treat cray by the Yield Fish Culture Ponds method for breeding of parasitic infection, comprise the steps：
（1）Build lobster pond：Select ventilation to face south on the vacant lot close to water source, enter draining conveniently, soil property is neutral or alkalescent
Hard soil territory, it is wide 20~30 meters to build some mouths, and long 80~120 meters, deep 2.0~2.5 meters lobster pond, every mouthful of lobster pond is matched somebody with somebody
Set builds 3~5 mouthfuls wide 5~8 meters, long 20~30 meters, deep 1.0~1.5 meters planktonic organism culture pond, and every mouthful of lobster pond is also supporting
The well that building has 2~4 mouthfuls of 20~30 meters of depths is used to supplement planktonic organism culture pond and the water source in lobster pond, in the lobster pond
One or both sides construction have and be easy to water storage, the irrigation canals and ditches of draining, the import and export of irrigation canals and ditches is connected and is provided with water source respectively blocks water
Dam；Water inlet manifold is provided between the well and planktonic organism culture pond, between every mouthful of well saliva well and water inlet manifold by water pump and
UNICOM is in charge of in water inlet, every mouthful of planktonic organism culture pond is corresponded on water inlet manifold is in charge of provided with water outlet and extend planktonic organism culture pond,
Gravity flow water pipe is equipped between every mouthful of planktonic organism culture pond and lobster pond, the water outlet and gravity flow water pipe that the water outlet is in charge of
Water inlet be respectively arranged with anti-escape cover；Water pump station and drainage culvert, water pump station are additionally provided between the lobster pond and irrigation canals and ditches
Drawn water from irrigation canals and ditches to lobster pond, drainage culvert is needed equipped with control from lobster pond to irrigation canals and ditches draining on above-mentioned each pipeline by technique
Check valve；The bottom in the lobster pond and side slope are built using cement protects, along the width in lobster pond on the cement pit bottom in lobster pond
Degree direction construction has some high 30~50 centimetres, and bottom of pond is divided into some by wide 30~60 centimetres of strip platform, platform
Ditch, the width in ditch extend wide 20~30 centimetres, thick 5~10 centimetres gear for the upper edge of 50~80 centimetres of platforms to both sides
The cross section in ditch is surrounded " convex " font cavity, is easy to cray to inhabit by piece, the catch stretched out on adjacent two platforms and platform；
Some earholes are evenly equipped with above the catch of platform both sides, is supported the use with every ditch and collects the string bag equipped with cray, small dragon is received
The length of the collection string bag matches with ditch length, and the length direction that the string bag is collected along cray is provided with opening, and opening both sides connect
Some hooks are connected to, are articulated on the earhole above the side-lens of platform two, cray is collected and is also equipped with upper and lower two groups inside the string bag
The support bar of left and right grafting support, support bar bottom are connected provided with truncated cone-shaped base with the string bag, and end is provided with what left and right coordinated
Jack and latch, for strutting the string bag in " convex " font cavity inside ditch；Inside the lobster pond, along lobster pond
Length direction is placed with a metal framework mud stalk on the strip platform of lobster pond bottom of pond and is easy to small dragon every 10~20 meters
Shrimp digging is inhabited, and metal framework mud stalk is to fill closely knit mud in stainless steel metal cage and cage body by cuboid-type
Soil is formed, and Wheat Straw is mixed with soil, and metal framework mud stalk is higher by 30~40 centimetres of the water surface, and width accounts for the 4/5 of berm width,
Length accounts for the 4/5 of land lengths；In lobster pond 3~4 aerators, every oxygenation are also evenly equipped with along lobster pond length direction
Isolation is carried out outside machine using purse seine to go along with sb. to guard him；
（2）In November last year, the dry pool is carried out to planktonic organism culture pond and lobster pond with quick lime water and is sterilized, quick lime dosage
70~80kg/ mus；After splashing 7 days, the water of 0.7~1.0 meter of depth is added into planktonic organism culture pond, and cultivate in planktonic organism
The muck applied and fermented is thrown in pond, throws and applies by every mu of 500~800kg dosage；Quick lime splash after 10 days, adds into lobster pond
Enter the water of 1.0~1.5 meters of depths, and the muck applied and fermented is thrown in lobster pond, throw and apply by every mu of 300~500kg dosage, make
Lobster cultivates planktonic organism naturally in pond；
（3）After stercoration being thrown in planktonic organism culture pond 7~10 days, roof insulating is set up above planktonic organism culture pond, is protected
Warm canopy puts up latter 2~3 days, the water such as plantation water peanut, water lettuce, Eichhornia crassipes, hydrilla verticillata, eel grass in planktonic organism culture pond
Any one or a few in plant, water plant account for 1/4~1/3 that planktonic organism cultivates pool area, cross 15 after plantation~
20 days, fermentation poultry dung slurries 200kg/ mus are added into planktonic organism culture pond, close the gravity flow water pipe of planktonic organism culture pond,
Simultaneously into planktonic organism culture pond by the amount input biologic ferment bacterium of 2~4kg/ mus, by the decomposition of 7~10 days or so, numerous
Grow, contain 80~1,200,000/cubic meter planktonic organism in planktonic organism culture pond, hereafter every 15~20 days, to planktonic organism
One time fermentation chicken manure slurries are added in culture pond, addition is 150~300kg/ mus, and adds a biologic ferment bacterium simultaneously,
Addition is 2~4kg/ mus；
（4）In December last year, the inlet tube and outlet tube of planktonic organism culture pond is opened on daytime, makes to be rich in planktonic organism culture pond
The warm water of the water plant such as planktonic organism and algae is discharged into lobster pond by the water pipe that flows automatically, and is kept in planktonic organism culture pond
Water body is microfluidic state, and night closes the entery and delivery port of planktonic organism culture pond；Big specification shrimp is launched into lobster pond simultaneously
Kind, breeding density be 1.5~20,000 tails/mu, shrimp species specification be 150 tails/kilogram~200 tails/kilogram, after dispensing shrimp species, daily
Early, evening feeds cray mixed feed into lobster pond, and feeding volume is the 3~5% of shrimp body weight；The feeding volume in evening accounts for one day always
The 70~80% of feeding volume；The cray mixed feed is made up of the raw material of following weight parts：Flour 15~25, dregs of beans 10~
20, rapeseed meal 15~25, cotton dregs 10~15, fish meal 1.5~3.0, meat meal tankage 2~5, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1~3, zeolite powder 1~3, shrimp
With premix 0.5~2, soybean oil 2~5, bentonite 1~3, DDGS 5~15, corn 2~15, crude protein 25~30, betel nut
0.1~0.2, Verbena officinalis 0.03~0.08, pumpkin seeds 0.1~0.2, radix bupleuri 0.1~0.15, the Radix Astragali 0.1~0.15, the bark of official magnolia 0.08
~0.15, Chinese lobelia 0.1~0.15, Poria cocos 0.06~0.12, radix glycyrrhizae 0.03~0.08；
（5）To mid-March then~mid-May, by the raising of 4~5 months, cray was grown to more than 30g/ tails reaching listing
After specification, you can fishing listing, during fishing, will directly can be enclosed on lobster bottom of pond portion " convex " font cavity ditch inside the string bag
Splicing type support bar open, the hook of string bag both sides removes, when taking with rope by string bag suture suitable for reading, you can directly will be small
The related string bag of lobster picks up from pond together；The string bag in lobster pond can mount two sets simultaneously before each cultivation starts, with
After being easy to first to catch, the cray for not meeting listing specification continues to raise to listing specification, and second of fishing uses；
（6）Mid-May then, after treating that the cray in lobster pond is all caught, close the gravity flow of planktonic organism culture pond
Water pipe, sunshade net is set up above planktonic organism culture pond, suspend to throw into planktonic organism culture pond and apply fermentation poultry dung and biology
Ferment bacterium；Lobster pond is cleaned up the pond, is exposed to the sun 20~30 days, and supplements the soil in metal framework mud stalk, with quick lime water
Dry pool sterilization, quick lime dosage 70~80kg/ mus are carried out to lobster pond；After splashing 7 days, 1.0~1.5 meters are added into lobster pond
Deep water, and the muck applied and fermented is thrown in lobster pond, throw and apply by every mu of 500~600kg dosage, make natural in lobster pond
Cultivate planktonic organism；
（7）After lobster pond water filling 10 days, to the first tenday period of a month in July to the middle ten days, the shrimp seedling of more than 0.8 centimetre specification of dispensing into lobster pond,
Breeding density is 3~40,000 tails/mu, and after launching shrimp seedling, early daily, evening feeds cray mixed feed into lobster pond, feeds
Measure as the 3~5% of shrimp body weight；The same above-mentioned steps of cray mixed feed（4）；Simultaneously by the water-in and water-out in planktonic organism culture pond
Pipe is opened, and the cold water rich in water plants such as planktonic organism and algae in planktonic organism culture pond is discharged into dragon by the water pipe that flows automatically
In shrimp ponds, it is microfluidic state to keep the water body in planktonic organism culture pond, and night closes the water-in and water-out of planktonic organism culture pond
Mouthful；Recover throwing in planktonic organism culture pond and apply fermentation poultry dung and biologic ferment bacterium, every 15~20 days, to planktonic organism culture pond
Middle addition one time fermentation chicken manure slurries, addition is every mu of 150~300kg/ mus, and adds a biologic ferment bacterium simultaneously, is added
It is 2~4kg/ mus to enter amount；
（8）To 10~November then, cray passes through the raising of 3~4 months, after more than length to 30g/ tails reaching listing specification,
Listing, the same above-mentioned steps of catching method can be caught（5）It is described, after fishing, planktonic organism culture pond and lobster pond are entered
Row is cleaned up the pond, and is exposed to the sun, and is sterilized, and carries out next round cultivation；
In above-mentioned breeding process, when shrimp seedling body length is less than 3 centimetres, every night opens aerator oxygenation 4~6 hours, daily
Noon opens aerator and stirs water 2 hours, when loach seedlings body length is more than 3 centimetres, is only beaten on demand when dissolved oxygen in water is less than 4 meters of g/L
Open aerator oxygenation；Water quality requirement：20~23 DEG C are maintained water temperature in summer, pH6.5~9.0, if temperature is too high, is taken out in time
Cold water in well, which is filled into lobster pond, reduces water temperature；Winter maintains water temperature at more than 5 DEG C, if temperature reduces, takes out in time
Water in well is filled into lobster pond lifting water temperature, and winter, diurnally opening of daily noon aerator stirred water 1 hour；This
Outside, pond periodically sterilizes, sterilized and diseases prevention is managed by common method for breeding；Roof insulating above planktonic organism culture pond,
Sunshade net is removed in time depending on external gas tender feeling condition.
Above-mentioned steps（4）Described in the optimization formula of cray mixed feed be made up of the raw material of following weight parts：Flour
20, dregs of beans 14.7, rapeseed meal 20, cotton dregs 12, fish meal 2, meat meal tankage 3, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2, zeolite powder 2, shrimp premix 1, soybean
Oil 3, bentonite 2, DDGS 10, corn 6.3, crude protein 28, betel nut 0.13, Verbena officinalis 0.06, pumpkin seeds 0.15, radix bupleuri 0.12,
The Radix Astragali 0.12, the bark of official magnolia 0.1, Chinese lobelia 0.12, Poria cocos 0.09, radix glycyrrhizae 0.06.
Also to be implanted with water peanut, water lettuce, Eichhornia crassipes, wheel blade black for kind on heretofore described metal framework mud stalk two side
Any one or a few in the water plants such as algae, eel grass.
The relatively conventional cultural method of the present invention, mainly there is following improvement：
（1）Lobster pond internal structure and pond auxiliary facility are improved, bottom of pond and pool wall are built into shield using cement, avoided small
Lobster burrow flight and other harmful organisms invasion；The ditch with " convex " font cavity is devised in pond bottom, is met small
The hidden life habit inhabited of lobster；The metal framework mud frame for being higher by the pond water surface is set on bottom of pond platform, there is provided cray
Burrow the playground inhabited, while the two side of metal framework mud stalk can be with planting aquatic plants（Summer）, regulating water quality；
Aerator is provided with lobster pond, is easy to adjust oxygen content in lobster pond；
（2）There is planktonic organism culture pond for every mouthful of lobster pond auxiliary construction, add at regular intervals in planktonic organism culture pond
Enter fermentation poultry dung and biologic ferment bacterium, planktonic organism is quickly bred in planktonic organism culture pond, provide and swim to lobster pond
Biological feed（By cray bait cultivate with cray growth keep apart, avoid lobster pool inner water matter pollution the problem of）, also have
Play the role of to adjust planktonic organism culture pond water quality, avoid imperial shrimp pond water quality from polluting；Also planted in planktonic organism culture pond simultaneously
Water plant is implanted with, in summer high temperature, can be that the water in planktonic organism culture pond plays effect of sheltering from heat or light, train planktonic organism
The water temperature educated in pond keeps lower temperature, is more beneficial for planktonic organism breeding；Can also absorb, consume be deposited on planktonic organism training
The remaining chicken manure humus in bottom of pond portion is educated, avoids water quality deterioration；Water plant is used as economic conduct in itself, can be plant's band
Carry out certain income；
（3）There is well for every mouthful of lobster pond auxiliary construction, the water regulation lobster water temperature inside well can be utilized, in summer,
Water temperature in well is less than pond water temperature, can reduce planktonic organism culture pond and lobster water temperature；In the winter time, the water in well
Temperature is higher than pond water temperature, can raise planktonic organism culture pond and lobster water temperature；Certain well can also be in external source not
Foot supplements lobster pond and planktonic organism culture pond water source when being contaminated；
（4）The cray mixed feed used using special cray mixed feed, the present invention, in addition to basic components,
It also specially with the addition of with prevention and kill cray parasitic infection and enhancing cray constitution, reduce in cray disease
Medicine additive, the composition of the Chinese medicine additive have betel nut, Verbena officinalis, pumpkin seeds, radix bupleuri, the Radix Astragali, the bark of official magnolia, Chinese lobelia, Poria cocos, sweet
Grass；These traditional Chinese medicine ingredients each serve as following effect：
Betel nut：Promoting blood circulation and removing obstruction in channels with expelling wind and removing dampness, the effect of killing insect and eliminating accumulation mainly can be with killing insect and eliminating accumulation using it in of the invention
Effect；
Pumpkin seeds：Containing abundant fat oil（For the glyceride of linoleic acid, oleic acid etc.）, protein, carrotene, vitamin
The compositions such as B1, B2, C, cucurbitin, to tapeworm, roundworm has obvious anthelmintic action, in beef tapeworm or pork tapeworm
Section and back segment have paralysis effect.And can suppresses the larva with Schistosoma japonicum in killing test Mice Body, to female adult effect more
By force；Its desinsection, the effect of expelling parasite are mainly utilized in the present invention；
Verbena officinalis：It is mainly used in clearing heat and detoxicating, invigorate blood circulation, inducing diuresis for removing edema, treats malaria；There is suppression to blood fluke and kill and make
With；
The bark of official magnolia：The bark of official magnolia mainly has following three effects：A. magnocurarine has relexation to striated muscle, and the b. barks of official magnolia have CNS inhibition
Effect, the c. barks of official magnolia significantly inhibit effect to platelet aggregation and ATP releases；After these effects can effectively prevent edible cray
The generation of rhabdomyolysis syndrome；
Poria cocos：Poria cocos mainly has following two effects：A. pachymaran can strengthen macrophage function, strengthen immunologic function；b.
Poria cocos also has the function that antibacterial, kills Leptospira；
The Radix Astragali：The Radix Astragali mainly has following three effects：A. the Radix Astragali contains trace elements of selenium, can resist all kinds of carcinogenic heavy metals such as
Cadmium, mercury, methyl mercury etc., on the other hand, the generation of malignant tumour and cellular immune function decline are relevant, and the selenium contained by the Radix Astragali by b.
The synthesis and activation of a variety of enzymes can be participated in, protects cells from the infringement of biological oxidation process, the polysaccharide contained by the c. Radixs Astragali is more
The phagocytic function of reticuloendothelial system can be strengthened, promote antibody formation and T lymphocyte transformations, effectively lift anti-cancer ability；It is yellow
These effects of stilbene can effectively prevent because edible cray and caused by heavy metal poisoning；The Radix Astragali also has enhancing cray simultaneously
The effect of immunity；
Chinese lobelia, radix bupleuri, radix glycyrrhizae have the effect of clearing heat and detoxicating, anti-inflammation, strengthen immunity；
Above-mentioned several traditional Chinese medicine ingredients collective effects, are added in cray feed, can play enhancing cray constitution, kill small
The parasite infected in lobster body, and can is during feed is launched, existing parasite in killing water body, while small dragon
After shrimp eats the feed, because its digestion power is limited, most of efficacy of a drug is also remained in cray excrement and is discharged into water body, is entered
One step kills parasite, the cray special compound feed of so long-term use of present invention, naturally in water body just not
Parasite presence is had, cray also avoids the danger by parasitic infestation；Simultaneously because match somebody with somebody using containing Chinese herbal medicine
The mixed feed of side, the meat of cray are more delicious than common cray.
Improvement in terms of having carried out aforementioned four for existing lobster cultivation method due to the present invention, is growing cray
During can exempt from by parasitic infection.Improvement in terms of aforementioned four is to complement each other, interaction, above-mentioned four
Under individual aspect is improved, realize that cray exempts from the Yield Fish Culture Ponds method for breeding of parasitic infection jointly.
The present invention is every mouthful of lobster pond auxiliary constructions planktonic organism culture pond, and this is to study intensively existing small dragon
After the problem of parasitic infection being subject in the cultivation of various problems present in shrimp culture, especially existing cray specially
Door design.Cray the naturality bait such as a certain amount of phytoplankton, zooplankter, hair is grown to it in growth course
Very big benefit is given birth to, but is intended to cultivate planktonic organism in pond it is necessary to apply the animal wastes such as chicken manure in water body, and
Typically throw and apply unleavened animal wastes, and directly put into excrement in water body, although phytoplankton can quickly be grown,
But be less able to produce zooplankter, resource is wasted, while put into excrement directly into water body and be easy to trigger water quality dirty
Dye, causes cray Large Scale Death, while contain many parasites, after throwing is applied in water body, parasite in animal wastes
Amount reproduction, cray is by parasitic infection with regard to inevitable.Therefore, exclusively for every mouthful of lobster pond auxiliary construction in the present invention
Planktonic organism culture pond, planktonic organism cultivating process is transferred to outside lobster pond, avoids imperial shrimp pond water quality by external environment
Influence, and by building roof insulating or sunshade net on planktonic organism culture pond, adjust planktonic organism culture pond water temperature, and then
Play long-term, the slow effect for influenceing lobster water temperature.After being improved by the present invention, winter lobster water Wen Bipu of the present invention
Logical lobster water temperature is high 2~3 DEG C, and summer lobster water temperature of the present invention is lower than common lobster water temperature 3~5 DEG C, can speed up small
Lobster grows.
The inventive method is by rationally designing lobster cultivating pool, Aided design planktonic organism culture pond and well, rationally
Plan that cray throws seedling time and cultural method, using the special special compound feed with preventing and treating cray parasitic infection
Bait is done with planktonic organism, to reach the cultivation purpose of integrated control cray parasitic infection, is carried out using the inventive method
Cray cultivates, and produces cray not by parasitic infection, green, best in quality, greatly strengthen the market of cray
Competitiveness；And using cray listing peak period of staggering, the original 1 year wheel cray of cultivation one is changed into cultivation two in 1 year
Cray is taken turns, the selling price of cray is not only substantially increased, also improves cray yield, adds cray cultivation
Overall economic benefit, it is adapted to large-scale popularization to use.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the cultivation plane figure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the cultivation facade schematic cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention 1（Without metal framework mud stalk and aerator）；
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 A-A faces sectional view；
Fig. 4 is Fig. 3 B-B faces sectional view；
Fig. 5 is cross section enlarged diagram of the cray collecting net pocket hanging sleeve on ditch in Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the main structure diagram of metal framework mud stalk；
The plane figure schematic diagram of the adjacent two lobsters pond auxiliary constructions of Fig. 7.
In figure：1-lobster pond, 2-planktonic organism culture pond, 3-well, 4-irrigation canals and ditches, 5-check dam, 6-water inlet are total
Pipe, 7-water pump, 8-water inlet are in charge of, and 9-water outlet is in charge of, 10-gravity flow water pipe, 11-anti-escape cover, 12-water pump station, 13-
Drainage culvert, 14-gate valve, 15-platform, 16-ditch, 17-catch, 18-earhole, 19-string bag, 20-hook, 21-
Support bar, 22-truncated cone-shaped base, 23-metal framework mud stalk, 24-aerator, 25-purse seine.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1~Fig. 7, a kind of of the present embodiment can prevent and treat cray by the Yield Fish Culture Ponds method for breeding of parasitic infection, bag
Include following step：
（1）Build lobster pond：Select ventilation to face south on the vacant lot close to water source, enter draining conveniently, soil property is neutral or alkalescent
Hard soil territory, it is wide 20~30 meters to build some mouths, long 80~120 meters, deep 2.0~2.5 meters lobster pond 1（In the present embodiment
Specific lobster pond is wide 25 meters, long 100 meters, deep 2.0 meters）, every mouthful of lobster pond auxiliary construction is 3~5 mouthfuls wide 5~8 meters, and long 20~30
Rice, deep 1.0~1.5 meters planktonic organism culture pond 2（Specific every mouthful of lobster pond auxiliary construction is 4 mouthfuls wide 6 meters in the present embodiment, long
25 meters, deep 1.5 meters planktonic organism culture pond）, every mouthful of lobster pond also auxiliary construction has the well 3 of 2~4 mouthfuls of 20~30 meters of depths
（The well of specific every mouthful of 2 mouthfuls of lobster pond auxiliary construction, 30 meters of depth in the present embodiment）For supplementing planktonic organism culture pond and lobster
The water source in pond, in the one or both sides in the lobster pond（It is specially both sides in the present embodiment）Build to have and be easy to water storage, draining
Irrigation canals and ditches 4, the import and export of irrigation canals and ditches connect with water source and are provided with check dam 5 respectively；Set between the well and planktonic organism culture pond
There is water inlet manifold 6,8 UNICOMs are in charge of by water pump 7 and water inlet between every mouthful of well saliva well and water inlet manifold, every mouthful is corresponded on water inlet manifold
Planktonic organism culture pond is in charge of 9 provided with water outlet and extends planktonic organism culture pond, between every mouthful of planktonic organism culture pond and lobster pond
Gravity flow water pipe 10 is equipped with, the water outlet and the water inlet for the water pipe that flows automatically that the water outlet is in charge of are respectively arranged with anti-escape cover 11；Institute
State and water pump station 12 and drainage culvert 13 are additionally provided between lobster pond and irrigation canals and ditches, water pump station draws water from irrigation canals and ditches to lobster pond, row
Water culvert pipe is needed that control gate valve 14 is housed from lobster pond to irrigation canals and ditches draining, on above-mentioned each pipeline by technique；The lobster pond
Bottom and side slope build shield using cement, have on the cement pit bottom in lobster pond along the width construction in lobster pond some high by 30
~50 centimetres, wide 30~60 centimetres of strip platform 15（40 centimetres of platform specific height, wide 50 centimetres in the present embodiment）, put down
Bottom of pond is divided into some ditches 16 by platform, and the width in ditch is 50~80 centimetres（It is specially 70 centimetres in the present embodiment）Platform
Upper edge extend to both sides it is wide 20~30 centimetres（It is specially 20 centimetres in the present embodiment）, it is thick 5~10 centimetres（In the present embodiment
Specially 10 centimetres）Catch 17, the cross section in ditch surrounds " convex " font by the catch stretched out on adjacent two platforms and platform
Cavity, it is easy to cray to inhabit；Some earholes are evenly equipped with above the catch of platform both sides, are supported the use with every ditch equipped with small
Lobster collects the string bag, and the length that small dragon collects the string bag matches with ditch length, and the length direction of the string bag is collected along cray
Provided with opening, opening both sides are connected with some hooks, are articulated on the earhole above the side-lens of platform two, and cray collects the string bag
Inside is also equipped with the support bar 21 of upper and lower two groups or so grafting supports, and support bar bottom is provided with truncated cone-shaped base 22 and string bag phase
Connection, end is provided with the jack and latch that left and right coordinates, for strutting the string bag in " convex " font cavity inside ditch；Institute
State inside lobster pond, along lobster pond length direction every 10~20 meters, be placed with the strip platform of lobster pond bottom of pond
One metal framework mud stalk 23 is easy to cray digging to inhabit, and the metal framework mud stalk is by the stainless steel of a cuboid-type
The closely knit soil of filling is formed in metal cage and cage body, is mixed with Wheat Straw in soil, metal framework mud stalk be higher by the water surface 30~
40 centimetres, width accounts for the 4/5 of berm width, and length accounts for the 4/5 of land lengths；In lobster pond along lobster pond length direction also
It is evenly equipped with 3~4 aerators 24（It is specially 4 in the present embodiment）, isolation is carried out using purse seine 25 outside every aerator and enclosed
Shield；
（2）In November last year, the dry pool is carried out to planktonic organism culture pond and lobster pond with quick lime water and is sterilized, quick lime dosage
70~80kg/ mus；After splashing 7 days, the water of 0.7~1.0 meter of depth is added into planktonic organism culture pond, and cultivate in planktonic organism
The muck applied and fermented is thrown in pond, throws and applies by every mu of 500~800kg dosage；Quick lime splash after 10 days, adds into lobster pond
Enter the water of 1.0~1.5 meters of depths, and the muck applied and fermented is thrown in lobster pond, throw and apply by every mu of 300~500kg dosage, make
Lobster cultivates planktonic organism naturally in pond；
（3）After stercoration being thrown in planktonic organism culture pond 7~10 days, roof insulating is set up above planktonic organism culture pond, is protected
Warm canopy puts up latter 2~3 days, the water such as plantation water peanut, water lettuce, Eichhornia crassipes, hydrilla verticillata, eel grass in planktonic organism culture pond
Any one or a few in plant, water plant account for 1/4~1/3 that planktonic organism cultivates pool area, cross 15 after plantation~
20 days, fermentation poultry dung slurries 200kg/ mus are added into planktonic organism culture pond, close the gravity flow water pipe of planktonic organism culture pond,
Simultaneously into planktonic organism culture pond by the amount input biologic ferment bacterium of 2~4kg/ mus, by the decomposition of 7~10 days or so, numerous
Grow, contain 80~1,200,000/cubic meter planktonic organism in planktonic organism culture pond, hereafter every 15~20 days, to planktonic organism
One time fermentation chicken manure slurries are added in culture pond, addition is 150~300kg/ mus, and adds a biologic ferment bacterium simultaneously,
Addition is 2~4kg/ mus；
（4）In December last year, the inlet tube and outlet tube of planktonic organism culture pond is opened on daytime, makes to be rich in planktonic organism culture pond
The warm water of the water plant such as planktonic organism and algae is discharged into lobster pond by the water pipe that flows automatically, and is kept in planktonic organism culture pond
Water body is microfluidic state, and night closes the entery and delivery port of planktonic organism culture pond；Big specification shrimp is launched into lobster pond simultaneously
Kind, breeding density be 1.5~20,000 tails/mu, shrimp species specification be 150 tails/kilogram~200 tails/kilogram, after dispensing shrimp species, daily
Early, evening feeds cray mixed feed into lobster pond, and feeding volume is the 3~5% of shrimp body weight；The feeding volume in evening accounts for one day always
The 70~80% of feeding volume；The cray mixed feed is made up of the raw material of following weight parts：Flour 20, dregs of beans 14.7, rapeseed meal
20, cotton dregs 12, fish meal 2, meat meal tankage 3, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2, zeolite powder 2, shrimp premix 1, soybean oil 3, bentonite 2, DDGS
10, corn 6.3, crude protein 28, betel nut 0.13, Verbena officinalis 0.06, pumpkin seeds 0.15, radix bupleuri 0.12, the Radix Astragali 0.12, the bark of official magnolia 0.1,
Chinese lobelia 0.12, Poria cocos 0.09, radix glycyrrhizae 0.06；
（5）To mid-March then~mid-May, by the raising of 4~5 months, cray was grown to more than 30g/ tails reaching listing
After specification, you can fishing listing, during fishing, will directly can be enclosed on lobster bottom of pond portion " convex " font cavity ditch inside the string bag
Splicing type support bar open, the hook of string bag both sides removes, when taking with rope by string bag suture suitable for reading, you can directly will be small
The related string bag of lobster picks up from pond together；The string bag in lobster pond can mount two sets simultaneously before each cultivation starts, with
After being easy to first to catch, the cray for not meeting listing specification continues to raise to listing specification, and second of fishing uses；
（6）Mid-May then, after treating that the cray in lobster pond is all caught, close the gravity flow of planktonic organism culture pond
Water pipe, sunshade net is set up above planktonic organism culture pond, suspend to throw into planktonic organism culture pond and apply fermentation poultry dung and biology
Ferment bacterium；Lobster pond is cleaned up the pond, is exposed to the sun 20~30 days, and supplements the soil in metal framework mud stalk, with quick lime water
Dry pool sterilization, quick lime dosage 70~80kg/ mus are carried out to lobster pond；After splashing 7 days, 1.0~1.5 meters are added into lobster pond
Deep water, and the muck applied and fermented is thrown in lobster pond, throw and apply by every mu of 500~600kg dosage, make natural in lobster pond
Cultivate planktonic organism；
（7）After lobster pond water filling 10 days, to the first tenday period of a month in July to the middle ten days, the shrimp seedling of more than 0.8 centimetre specification of dispensing into lobster pond,
Breeding density is 3~40,000 tails/mu, and after launching shrimp seedling, early daily, evening feeds cray mixed feed into lobster pond, feeds
Measure as the 3~5% of shrimp body weight；The same above-mentioned steps of cray mixed feed（4）；Simultaneously by the water-in and water-out in planktonic organism culture pond
Pipe is opened, and the cold water rich in water plants such as planktonic organism and algae in planktonic organism culture pond is discharged into dragon by the water pipe that flows automatically
In shrimp ponds, it is microfluidic state to keep the water body in planktonic organism culture pond, and night closes the water-in and water-out of planktonic organism culture pond
Mouthful；Recover throwing in planktonic organism culture pond and apply fermentation poultry dung and biologic ferment bacterium, every 15~20 days, to planktonic organism culture pond
Middle addition one time fermentation chicken manure slurries, addition is every mu of 150~300kg/ mus, and adds a biologic ferment bacterium simultaneously, is added
It is 2~4kg/ mus to enter amount；
（8）To 10~November then, cray passes through the raising of 3~4 months, after more than length to 30g/ tails reaching listing specification,
Listing, the same above-mentioned steps of catching method can be caught（5）It is described, after fishing, planktonic organism culture pond and lobster pond are entered
Row is cleaned up the pond, and is exposed to the sun, and is sterilized, and carries out next round cultivation；
In above-mentioned breeding process, when shrimp seedling body length is less than 3 centimetres, every night opens aerator oxygenation 4~6 hours, daily
Noon opens aerator and stirs water 2 hours, when loach seedlings body length is more than 3 centimetres, is only beaten on demand when dissolved oxygen in water is less than 4 meters of g/L
Open aerator oxygenation；Water quality requirement：20~23 DEG C are maintained water temperature in summer, pH6.5~9.0, if temperature is too high, is taken out in time
Cold water in well, which is filled into lobster pond, reduces water temperature；Winter maintains water temperature at more than 5 DEG C, if temperature reduces, takes out in time
Water in well is filled into lobster pond lifting water temperature, and winter, diurnally opening of daily noon aerator stirred water 1 hour；This
Outside, pond periodically sterilizes, sterilized and diseases prevention is managed by common method for breeding；Roof insulating above planktonic organism culture pond,
Sunshade net is removed in time depending on external gas tender feeling condition.
Also to be implanted with water peanut, water lettuce, Eichhornia crassipes, wheel blade black for kind on the stalk of metal framework mud described in the present embodiment two side
Any one or a few in the water plants such as algae, eel grass.
Cultivated using the method for the embodiment of the present invention 1, the cray for reaching listing specification after testing, does not send out substantially
Existing parasitic infection, and the peak period Time To Market that staggers, per kilogram unit price 10-20 members higher than peak period price, are cultivated for 1 year
One wheel is changed to 1 year cultivation two-wheeled, and yield, price are doubled, and product quality itself is superior in quality, and the market competitiveness is high, greatly increases
The economic benefit of cray raiser, make raiser take in improve 3-5 into.
The technical scheme for the explanation the claims in the present invention that above-described embodiment is merely exemplary, not by above-described embodiment
Any restrictions, heretofore described lobster pond, planktonic organism culture pond, the size of well, shape, quantity can be according to tools
Body cultivation scale is adjusted, as long as built using the principle of the claims in the present invention, the equal guarantors in the claims in the present invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of can prevent and treat cray by the Yield Fish Culture Ponds method for breeding of parasitic infection, it is characterised in that comprise the steps：
（1）Build lobster pond：Select ventilation to face south on the vacant lot close to water source, enter draining conveniently, soil property is neutral or alkalescent
Hard soil territory, it is wide 20~30 meters to build some mouths, and long 80~120 meters, deep 2.0~2.5 meters lobster pond, every mouthful of lobster pond is matched somebody with somebody
Set builds 3~5 mouthfuls wide 5~8 meters, long 20~30 meters, deep 1.0~1.5 meters planktonic organism culture pond, and every mouthful of lobster pond is also supporting
The well that building has 2~4 mouthfuls of 20~30 meters of depths is used to supplement planktonic organism culture pond and the water source in lobster pond, in the lobster pond
One or both sides construction have and be easy to water storage, the irrigation canals and ditches of draining, the import and export of irrigation canals and ditches is connected and is provided with water source respectively blocks water
Dam；Water inlet manifold is provided between the well and planktonic organism culture pond, between every mouthful of well saliva well and water inlet manifold by water pump and
UNICOM is in charge of in water inlet, every mouthful of planktonic organism culture pond is corresponded on water inlet manifold is in charge of provided with water outlet and extend planktonic organism culture pond,
Gravity flow water pipe is equipped between every mouthful of planktonic organism culture pond and lobster pond, the water outlet and gravity flow water pipe that the water outlet is in charge of
Water inlet be respectively arranged with anti-escape cover；Water pump station and drainage culvert, water pump station are additionally provided between the lobster pond and irrigation canals and ditches
Drawn water from irrigation canals and ditches to lobster pond, drainage culvert is needed equipped with control from lobster pond to irrigation canals and ditches draining on above-mentioned each pipeline by technique
Check valve；The bottom in the lobster pond and side slope are built using cement protects, along the width in lobster pond on the cement pit bottom in lobster pond
Degree direction construction has some high 30~50 centimetres, and bottom of pond is divided into some by wide 30~60 centimetres of strip platform, platform
Ditch, the width in ditch extend wide 20~30 centimetres, thick 5~10 centimetres gear for the upper edge of 50~80 centimetres of platforms to both sides
The cross section in ditch is surrounded " convex " font cavity, is easy to cray to inhabit by piece, the catch stretched out on adjacent two platforms and platform；
Some earholes are evenly equipped with above the catch of platform both sides, is supported the use with every ditch and collects the string bag equipped with cray, small dragon is received
The length of the collection string bag matches with ditch length, and the length direction that the string bag is collected along cray is provided with opening, and opening both sides connect
Some hooks are connected to, are articulated on the earhole above the side-lens of platform two, cray is collected and is also equipped with upper and lower two groups inside the string bag
The support bar of left and right grafting support, support bar bottom are connected provided with truncated cone-shaped base with the string bag, and end is provided with what left and right coordinated
Jack and latch, for strutting the string bag in " convex " font cavity inside ditch；Inside the lobster pond, along lobster pond
Length direction is placed with a metal framework mud stalk on the strip platform of lobster pond bottom of pond and is easy to small dragon every 10~20 meters
Shrimp digging is inhabited, and metal framework mud stalk is to fill closely knit mud in stainless steel metal cage and cage body by cuboid-type
Soil is formed, and Wheat Straw is mixed with soil, and metal framework mud stalk is higher by 30~40 centimetres of the water surface, and width accounts for the 4/5 of berm width,
Length accounts for the 4/5 of land lengths；In lobster pond 3~4 aerators, every oxygenation are also evenly equipped with along lobster pond length direction
Isolation is carried out outside machine using purse seine to go along with sb. to guard him；
（2）In November last year, the dry pool is carried out to planktonic organism culture pond and lobster pond with quick lime water and is sterilized, quick lime dosage
70~80kg/ mus；After splashing 7 days, the water of 0.7~1.0 meter of depth is added into planktonic organism culture pond, and cultivate in planktonic organism
The muck applied and fermented is thrown in pond, throws and applies by every mu of 500~800kg dosage；Quick lime splash after 10 days, adds into lobster pond
Enter the water of 1.0~1.5 meters of depths, and the muck applied and fermented is thrown in lobster pond, throw and apply by every mu of 300~500kg dosage, make
Lobster cultivates planktonic organism naturally in pond；
（3）After stercoration being thrown in planktonic organism culture pond 7~10 days, roof insulating is set up above planktonic organism culture pond, is protected
Warm canopy puts up latter 2~3 days, the water such as plantation water peanut, water lettuce, Eichhornia crassipes, hydrilla verticillata, eel grass in planktonic organism culture pond
Any one or a few in plant, water plant account for 1/4~1/3 that planktonic organism cultivates pool area, cross 15 after plantation~
20 days, fermentation poultry dung slurries 200kg/ mus are added into planktonic organism culture pond, close the gravity flow water pipe of planktonic organism culture pond,
Simultaneously into planktonic organism culture pond by the amount input biologic ferment bacterium of 2~4kg/ mus, by the decomposition of 7~10 days or so, numerous
Grow, contain 80~1,200,000/cubic meter planktonic organism in planktonic organism culture pond, hereafter every 15~20 days, to planktonic organism
One time fermentation chicken manure slurries are added in culture pond, addition is 150~300kg/ mus, and adds a biologic ferment bacterium simultaneously,
Addition is 2~4kg/ mus；
（4）In December last year, the inlet tube and outlet tube of planktonic organism culture pond is opened on daytime, makes to be rich in planktonic organism culture pond
The warm water of the water plant such as planktonic organism and algae is discharged into lobster pond by the water pipe that flows automatically, and is kept in planktonic organism culture pond
Water body is microfluidic state, and night closes the entery and delivery port of planktonic organism culture pond；Big specification shrimp is launched into lobster pond simultaneously
Kind, breeding density be 1.5~20,000 tails/mu, shrimp species specification be 150 tails/kilogram~200 tails/kilogram, after dispensing shrimp species, daily
Early, evening feeds cray mixed feed into lobster pond, and feeding volume is the 3~5% of shrimp body weight；The feeding volume in evening accounts for one day always
The 70~80% of feeding volume；The cray mixed feed is made up of the raw material of following weight parts：Flour 15~25, dregs of beans 10~
20, rapeseed meal 15~25, cotton dregs 10~15, fish meal 1.5~3.0, meat meal tankage 2~5, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1~3, zeolite powder 1~3, shrimp
With premix 0.5~2, soybean oil 2~5, bentonite 1~3, DDGS 5~15, corn 2~15, crude protein 25~30, betel nut
0.1~0.2, Verbena officinalis 0.03~0.08, pumpkin seeds 0.1~0.2, radix bupleuri 0.1~0.15, the Radix Astragali 0.1~0.15, the bark of official magnolia 0.08
~0.15, Chinese lobelia 0.1~0.15, Poria cocos 0.06~0.12, radix glycyrrhizae 0.03~0.08；
（5）To mid-March then~mid-May, by the raising of 4~5 months, cray was grown to more than 30g/ tails reaching listing
After specification, you can fishing listing, during fishing, will directly can be enclosed on lobster bottom of pond portion " convex " font cavity ditch inside the string bag
Splicing type support bar open, the hook of string bag both sides removes, when taking with rope by string bag suture suitable for reading, you can directly will be small
The related string bag of lobster picks up from pond together；The string bag in lobster pond can mount two sets simultaneously before each cultivation starts, with
After being easy to first to catch, the cray for not meeting listing specification continues to raise to listing specification, and second of fishing uses；
（6）Mid-May then, after treating that the cray in lobster pond is all caught, close the gravity flow of planktonic organism culture pond
Water pipe, sunshade net is set up above planktonic organism culture pond, suspend to throw into planktonic organism culture pond and apply fermentation poultry dung and biology
Ferment bacterium；Lobster pond is cleaned up the pond, is exposed to the sun 20~30 days, and supplements the soil in metal framework mud stalk, with quick lime water
Dry pool sterilization, quick lime dosage 70~80kg/ mus are carried out to lobster pond；After splashing 7 days, 1.0~1.5 meters are added into lobster pond
Deep water, and the muck applied and fermented is thrown in lobster pond, throw and apply by every mu of 500~600kg dosage, make natural in lobster pond
Cultivate planktonic organism；
（7）After lobster pond water filling 10 days, to the first tenday period of a month in July to the middle ten days, the shrimp seedling of more than 0.8 centimetre specification of dispensing into lobster pond,
Breeding density is 3~40,000 tails/mu, and after launching shrimp seedling, early daily, evening feeds cray mixed feed into lobster pond, feeds
Measure as the 3~5% of shrimp body weight；The same above-mentioned steps of cray mixed feed（4）；Simultaneously by the water-in and water-out in planktonic organism culture pond
Pipe is opened, and the cold water rich in water plants such as planktonic organism and algae in planktonic organism culture pond is discharged into dragon by the water pipe that flows automatically
In shrimp ponds, it is microfluidic state to keep the water body in planktonic organism culture pond, and night closes the water-in and water-out of planktonic organism culture pond
Mouthful；Recover throwing in planktonic organism culture pond and apply fermentation poultry dung and biologic ferment bacterium, every 15~20 days, to planktonic organism culture pond
Middle addition one time fermentation chicken manure slurries, addition is every mu of 150~300kg/ mus, and adds a biologic ferment bacterium simultaneously, is added
It is 2~4kg/ mus to enter amount；
（8）To 10~November then, cray passes through the raising of 3~4 months, after more than length to 30g/ tails reaching listing specification,
Listing, the same above-mentioned steps of catching method can be caught（5）It is described, after fishing, planktonic organism culture pond and lobster pond are entered
Row is cleaned up the pond, and is exposed to the sun, and is sterilized, and carries out next round cultivation；
In above-mentioned breeding process, when shrimp seedling body length is less than 3 centimetres, every night opens aerator oxygenation 4~6 hours, daily
Noon opens aerator and stirs water 2 hours, when loach seedlings body length is more than 3 centimetres, is only beaten on demand when dissolved oxygen in water is less than 4 meters of g/L
Open aerator oxygenation；Water quality requirement：20~23 DEG C are maintained water temperature in summer, pH6.5~9.0, if temperature is too high, is taken out in time
Cold water in well, which is filled into lobster pond, reduces water temperature；Winter maintains water temperature at more than 5 DEG C, if temperature reduces, takes out in time
Water in well is filled into lobster pond lifting water temperature, and winter, diurnally opening of daily noon aerator stirred water 1 hour；This
Outside, pond periodically sterilizes, sterilized and diseases prevention is managed by common method for breeding；Roof insulating above planktonic organism culture pond,
Sunshade net is removed in time depending on external gas tender feeling condition.
2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of can prevent and treat cray by the Yield Fish Culture Ponds method for breeding of parasitic infection, it is special
Sign is：The cray mixed feed is made up of the raw material of following weight parts：Flour 20, dregs of beans 15.7, rapeseed meal 20, cotton dregs
12, fish meal 2, meat meal tankage 3, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 2, zeolite powder 2, shrimp premix 1, soybean oil 3, bentonite 2, DDGS 10, corn
6.3, crude protein 28, betel nut 0.13, Verbena officinalis 0.06, pumpkin seeds 0.15, radix bupleuri 0.13, the Radix Astragali 0.13, the bark of official magnolia 0.12, Chinese lobelia
0.13, Poria cocos 0.09, radix glycyrrhizae 0.06.
3. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of can prevent and treat cray by the Yield Fish Culture Ponds method for breeding of parasitic infection, it is special
Sign is：It is aquatic to be implanted with water peanut, water lettuce, Eichhornia crassipes, hydrilla verticillata, eel grass etc. for kind on the metal framework mud stalk two side
Any one or a few in plant.
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