CN107624481A - A kind of cultural method of dragon fruit early fruiting and high yield - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of dragon fruit early fruiting and high yield Download PDFInfo
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- CN107624481A CN107624481A CN201710915506.9A CN201710915506A CN107624481A CN 107624481 A CN107624481 A CN 107624481A CN 201710915506 A CN201710915506 A CN 201710915506A CN 107624481 A CN107624481 A CN 107624481A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural method of dragon fruit early fruiting and high yield, comprise the following steps:(1)Nursery;(2)Plant pre-treatment;(3)It is colonized hole processing;(4)Field planting;(5)Fertilising;(6)Rationally prune off;(7)Flower thinning is pollinated;(8)Harvest in good time.The cultural method of dragon fruit of the present invention is directed to dragon fruit growth characteristics and the characteristics of demand to environmental key-element, pass through the integrated and innovation of fertile soil engineering technology, nutrient efficient technique of balanced fertilizer, water-fertilizer integral control technique, orchard regional ecology environmental organism Control Technology, orchard hybrid system space configuration and its control technique, production cost is low, the fruit picking phase is long, quick, benefit is obvious, and the dragon fruit of final output is in good taste, quality is high, and sugariness is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to dragon fruit field of planting, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of dragon fruit early fruiting and high yield.
Background technology
Dragon fruit, Green Dragon fruit, Pitaya fruit etc., it is Cactaceae(Cactaceae)Hylocereus category(Hylocereus
Britt. et Rose)Or seleniereus meja-lantous(SelenicerusMejia-lantous)Plant [1-2].During dragon fruit originates in
America, it is distributed in tropical rain forest and desert region, the category torrid zone, subtropical fruit.Dragon fruit outward appearance is unique, color is gorgeous, fruit
It is nutritious, except rich in sugar, organic acid, dietary fiber, particularly dietary fiber content(2.33%)Significantly larger than apple
(1.2%), sweet orange(0.6%)And peach(1.3%)Outside, also containing unrighted acid, polyphenoils, and rich in Vc and
The mineral matters such as calcium, iron, phosphorus, there is high nutrition, low fat, low in calories.Dragon fruit is widely used, be collection veterinary antibiotics,
Flowers, health care, medicine are in one of domestic emerging fruit upstart of one.Dragon fruit either fruit, flower or vegetables branch, mouthfeel
It is superior, unique flavor, there is boundless DEVELOPMENT PROSPECT.According to the statistics made by the departments concerned, domestic continent dragon fruit plantation in 2006
Area has developed to 2333 hm2The hm of left and right, wherein Guangxi about 11332, Hainan about 653hm2, the hm of Guangdong about 2002.In recent years,
Dragon fruit planting scale is increasingly incremental.
However, dragon fruit adaptability, biological characteristics, phenological period etc. are totally different in conventional fruit tree.At present, in dragon fruit
There is variety deterioration, yield is high, extensive management, not strong to dragon fruit nutritive peculiarity and regulation of fertilizer requirement specific aim etc. in production
Problem, it greatly affected giving full play to for dragon fruit productivity effect.Therefore, it is early to carry out dragon fruit under the conditions of being directed to regional climate
The discussion of high-yield cultivation technique is tied, is had to the efficient potentiality for improving agricultural resources use efficiency, fully excavating dragon fruit production
Practice significance.
The content of the invention
To solve above-mentioned the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention is for dragon fruit growth characteristics and to environmental key-element
Characteristics of demand, given birth to by fertile soil engineering technology, nutrient efficient technique of balanced fertilizer, water-fertilizer integral control technique, orchard local
A kind of integrated and innovation of state environmental organism Control Technology, orchard hybrid system space configuration and its control technique, there is provided flue
The cultural method of fruit early fruiting and high yield.
To achieve these goals, the following technical scheme of present invention offer, a kind of cultural method of dragon fruit early fruiting and high yield,
Comprise the following steps:
Step(1)Nursery:Then selection is cut into long 16-20cm length, then dipped in using root-growing agent with substantial stipes cutting
Insertion is covered with the seedbed of the thick seedling mediums of 20-30cm behind wound, when growing the full stem section of first segment stem meat, you can goes out
Garden goes to field planting dragon fruit seedling;
Step(2)Plant pre-treatment:2 months before plantation, soil is repaired, by 3kg/ it is per mu it is even apply nutrition fertilizer, applying fertilizer
After 7d, one layer of fresh liver moss is coated with successively from lower to upper on soil surface, the stalk that a layer thickness is 4mm, toward stalk surface
Magnetized water is sprayed, to stalk water content up to 45%;Concrete column is found by seeding row spacing 1.5m × 2.0m;
Step(3)It is colonized hole processing:In step(2)The soil handled well excavates the field planting hole that length and width are respectively 0.8m, deep 0.4m,
Then well-rotted farmyard manure 2500kg/hm is applied2, add plant ash 6000kg/hm2, then add 15:15:15 N P and K crop is special to match somebody with somebody
The fertile 750kg/hm in side2 Mixing, which is mixed thoroughly, makees bottom, and earthing waters after fertilising, and table soil dries after the heavy reality of soil;
Step(4)Field planting:By step(1)Dragon fruit seedling plant 980~1000 plants of density by every mu and be colonized in step(3)Determine
Hole is planted, every concrete column both sides orientation beats the pool and is colonized 1~2 plant/pool, spacing 10~15cm of concrete column, poured again after field planting 1 time and determine root
Water, soil moisture is kept between 60%~80%, and interplanting green manure;
Step(5)Fertilising:It is colonized after surviving and seed manure is imposed using broadcast application;Yield positive results the phase, the magnesium sulfate of root outer spraying 0.3%,
0.2% borax, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time;
Step(6)Rationally prune off:Side shoot is wiped out in dragon fruit Seedling Stage, maintains single branch growth, when branch length to 1.3~1.4 m
When pinching;
Step(7)Flower thinning is pollinated:Full-bloom stage, after buddingging in 8d, 2~3 buds of different azimuth are stayed at every, it is other complete
Portion removes;In the dusk, the flowers are in blossom or early morning is spent before not yet closing for pollination, and directly pollen is coated onto on female chapiter with writing brush;Xie Huahou
5~7d, every is selected and remain 1~2 successful fruit of pollination, and remaining is wiped out;
Step(8)Harvest in good time:Thank to 35~40d fruits after spending and gradually become red by green, fruit appearance bulging is perfectly round, and has
When gloss occurs, harvest immediately.
Further, the step(2)Concrete column per 667m2 Vertical 110-130 pillars, concrete column specification be 2.5 m ×
0.1m × 0.1m, 0.5m during concrete column implantation is native.
Further, the step(4)Green manure for Pemisetum flaccidum Griseb, pulse family Trifolium repense, alfalfa, artificial flower life one kind.
In summary, the present invention has the advantages that as a result of such scheme:
1st, dragon fruit cultural method of the present invention can significantly improve agricultural resources use efficiency, fully excavate the efficient of dragon fruit production
Potentiality.
2nd, dragon fruit cultural method production cost of the present invention is low, the fruit picking phase is long, quick, benefit is obvious, and final output
Dragon fruit it is in good taste, quality is high, and sugariness is high, the kg/hm of yield 15000~225002, realize the output value 120000~180000
Member/hm2。
3rd, the present invention lays one layer of liver moss, and one layer of stalk on soil surface from the bottom to top, and liver moss has to be protected well
Water effect, and have the protection of the stalk of surface sprinkling magnetized water, the two synergy, good moisturizing effect can be played
Fruit, thus the nutrient of more conducively nutrient powder enter in soil, improve the utilization rate of fertilizer.
4th, the present invention purposefully interplanting green manure, not only can with heat and moisture preserving, increase soil fertility, improve cell environment,
And weed growth can be suppressed, played a part of " Cover with weed ".Covering can adjust the soil moisture, and summer can reduce ground
2 DEG C~6 DEG C of table temperature, is advantageous to the growth of root system.Meanwhile covering can also retain and conserve soil moisture, the conservation of soil and water, can cause harm again
Worm natural enemy, which provides, stays in place.When sward grows into certain altitude, mowing green manuring is carried out to orchard.With hay mover or manually cut
Excessive growth part, the cm of toothing 10 or so are gone to, by the Cover with weed cut in furrow face, increases agron, increases soil fertility,
Improve soil texture, be advantageous to growing for dragon fruit.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
A kind of cultural method of dragon fruit early fruiting and high yield, comprises the following steps:
Step(1)Nursery:Then selection is cut into long 16-20cm length, then dipped in using root-growing agent with substantial stipes cutting
Insertion is covered with the seedbed of the thick seedling mediums of 20-30cm behind wound, when growing the full stem section of first segment stem meat, you can goes out
Garden goes to field planting dragon fruit seedling;
Step(2)Plant pre-treatment:2 months before plantation, soil is repaired, by 3kg/ it is per mu it is even apply nutrition fertilizer, applying fertilizer
After 7d, one layer of fresh liver moss is coated with successively from lower to upper on soil surface, the stalk that a layer thickness is 4mm, toward stalk surface
Magnetized water is sprayed, to stalk water content up to 45%;Concrete column is found by seeding row spacing 1.5m × 2.0m;
Step(3)It is colonized hole processing:In step(2)The soil handled well excavates the field planting hole that length and width are respectively 0.8m, deep 0.4m,
Then well-rotted farmyard manure 2500kg/hm is applied2, add plant ash 6000kg/hm2, then add 15:15:15 N P and K crop is special to match somebody with somebody
The fertile 750kg/hm in side2 Mixing, which is mixed thoroughly, makees bottom, and earthing waters after fertilising, and table soil dries after the heavy reality of soil;
Step(4)Field planting:By step(1)Dragon fruit seedling plant 990 plants of density by every mu and be colonized in step(3)Field planting hole,
Every concrete column both sides orientation beats the pool and is colonized 1~2 plant/pool, spacing 10~15cm of concrete column, pours 1 root water after field planting again, protects
Soil moisture is held between 60%~80%, and interplanting green manure;
Step(5)Fertilising:It is colonized after surviving and seed manure is imposed using broadcast application;Yield positive results the phase, the magnesium sulfate of root outer spraying 0.3%,
0.2% borax, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time;
Step(6)Rationally prune off:Side shoot is wiped out in dragon fruit Seedling Stage, maintains single branch growth, when branch length to 1.3~1.4 m
When pinching;
Step(7)Flower thinning is pollinated:Full-bloom stage, after buddingging in 8d, 2~3 buds of different azimuth are stayed at every, it is other complete
Portion removes;In the dusk, the flowers are in blossom or early morning is spent before not yet closing for pollination, and directly pollen is coated onto on female chapiter with writing brush;Xie Huahou
5~7d, every is selected and remain 1~2 successful fruit of pollination, and remaining is wiped out;
Step(8)Harvest in good time:Thank to 35~40d fruits after spending and gradually become red by green, fruit appearance bulging is perfectly round, and has
When gloss occurs, harvest immediately.
Wherein, step(2)Concrete column per 667m2 Vertical 110-130 pillars, concrete column specification be 2.5 m × 0.1m ×
0.1m, 0.5m during concrete column implantation is native;Step(4)Green manure be alfalfa.
The present embodiment average product is 22500 kg/hm2, realize 180000 yuan/hm of the output value2。
Embodiment 2
A kind of cultural method of dragon fruit early fruiting and high yield, comprises the following steps:
Step(1)Nursery:Then selection is cut into long 16-20cm length, then dipped in using root-growing agent with substantial stipes cutting
Insertion is covered with the seedbed of the thick seedling mediums of 20-30cm behind wound, when growing the full stem section of first segment stem meat, you can goes out
Garden goes to field planting dragon fruit seedling;
Step(2)Plant pre-treatment:2 months before plantation, soil is repaired, by 3kg/ it is per mu it is even apply nutrition fertilizer, applying fertilizer
After 7d, one layer of fresh liver moss is coated with successively from lower to upper on soil surface, the stalk that a layer thickness is 4mm, toward stalk surface
Magnetized water is sprayed, to stalk water content up to 45%;Concrete column is found by seeding row spacing 1.5m × 2.0m;
Step(3)It is colonized hole processing:In step(2)The soil handled well excavates the field planting hole that length and width are respectively 0.8m, deep 0.4m,
Then well-rotted farmyard manure 2500kg/hm is applied2, add plant ash 6000kg/hm2, then add 15:15:15 N P and K crop is special to match somebody with somebody
The fertile 750kg/hm in side2 Mixing, which is mixed thoroughly, makees bottom, and earthing waters after fertilising, and table soil dries after the heavy reality of soil;
Step(4)Field planting:By step(1)Dragon fruit seedling plant 1000 plants of density by every mu and be colonized in step(3)Field planting hole,
Every concrete column both sides orientation beats the pool and is colonized 1~2 plant/pool, spacing 10~15cm of concrete column, pours 1 root water after field planting again, protects
Soil moisture is held between 60%~80%, and interplanting green manure;
Step(5)Fertilising:It is colonized after surviving and seed manure is imposed using broadcast application;Yield positive results the phase, the magnesium sulfate of root outer spraying 0.3%,
0.2% borax, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time;
Step(6)Rationally prune off:Side shoot is wiped out in dragon fruit Seedling Stage, maintains single branch growth, when branch length to 1.3~1.4 m
When pinching;
Step(7)Flower thinning is pollinated:Full-bloom stage, after buddingging in 8d, 2~3 buds of different azimuth are stayed at every, it is other complete
Portion removes;In the dusk, the flowers are in blossom or early morning is spent before not yet closing for pollination, and directly pollen is coated onto on female chapiter with writing brush;Xie Huahou
5~7d, every is selected and remain 1~2 successful fruit of pollination, and remaining is wiped out;
Step(8)Harvest in good time:Thank to 35~40d fruits after spending and gradually become red by green, fruit appearance bulging is perfectly round, and has
When gloss occurs, harvest immediately.
Wherein, step(2)Concrete column per 667m2 Vertical 110-130 pillars, concrete column specification be 2.5 m × 0.1m ×
0.1m, 0.5m during concrete column implantation is native;Step(4)Green manure be Pemisetum flaccidum Griseb.
The kg/hm of the present embodiment average product 200002, realize 150000 yuan/hm of the output value2。
Embodiment 3
A kind of cultural method of dragon fruit early fruiting and high yield, comprises the following steps:
Step(1)Nursery:Then selection is cut into long 16-20cm length, then dipped in using root-growing agent with substantial stipes cutting
Insertion is covered with the seedbed of the thick seedling mediums of 20-30cm behind wound, when growing the full stem section of first segment stem meat, you can goes out
Garden goes to field planting dragon fruit seedling;
Step(2)Plant pre-treatment:2 months before plantation, soil is repaired, by 3kg/ it is per mu it is even apply nutrition fertilizer, applying fertilizer
After 7d, one layer of fresh liver moss is coated with successively from lower to upper on soil surface, the stalk that a layer thickness is 4mm, toward stalk surface
Magnetized water is sprayed, to stalk water content up to 45%;Concrete column is found by seeding row spacing 1.5m × 2.0m;
Step(3)It is colonized hole processing:In step(2)The soil handled well excavates the field planting hole that length and width are respectively 0.8m, deep 0.4m,
Then well-rotted farmyard manure 2500kg/hm is applied2, add plant ash 6000kg/hm2, then add 15:15:15 N P and K crop is special to match somebody with somebody
The fertile 750kg/hm in side2 Mixing, which is mixed thoroughly, makees bottom, and earthing waters after fertilising, and table soil dries after the heavy reality of soil;
Step(4)Field planting:By step(1)Dragon fruit seedling plant 980 plants of density by every mu and be colonized in step(3)Field planting hole,
Every concrete column both sides orientation beats the pool and is colonized 1~2 plant/pool, spacing 10~15cm of concrete column, pours 1 root water after field planting again, protects
Soil moisture is held between 60%~80%, and interplanting green manure;
Step(5)Fertilising:It is colonized after surviving and seed manure is imposed using broadcast application;Yield positive results the phase, the magnesium sulfate of root outer spraying 0.3%,
0.2% borax, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time;
Step(6)Rationally prune off:Side shoot is wiped out in dragon fruit Seedling Stage, maintains single branch growth, when branch length to 1.3~1.4 m
When pinching;
Step(7)Flower thinning is pollinated:Full-bloom stage, after buddingging in 8d, 2~3 buds of different azimuth are stayed at every, it is other complete
Portion removes;In the dusk, the flowers are in blossom or early morning is spent before not yet closing for pollination, and directly pollen is coated onto on female chapiter with writing brush;Xie Huahou
5~7d, every is selected and remain 1~2 successful fruit of pollination, and remaining is wiped out;
Step(8)Harvest in good time:Thank to 35~40d fruits after spending and gradually become red by green, fruit appearance bulging is perfectly round, and has
When gloss occurs, harvest immediately.
Wherein, step(2)Concrete column per 667m2 Vertical 110-130 pillars, concrete column specification be 2.5 m × 0.1m ×
0.1m, 0.5m during concrete column implantation is native;Step(4)Green manure be pulse family Trifolium repense.
The present embodiment average product 15000kg/hm2, realize 120000 yuan/hm of the output value2。
The preferred embodiment of invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, all spirit in the present invention
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of cultural method of dragon fruit early fruiting and high yield, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step(1)Nursery:Then selection is cut into long 16-20cm length, then dipped in using root-growing agent with substantial stipes cutting
Insertion is covered with the seedbed of the thick seedling mediums of 20-30cm behind wound, when growing the full stem section of first segment stem meat, you can goes out
Garden goes to field planting dragon fruit seedling;
Step(2)Plant pre-treatment:2 months before plantation, soil is repaired, by 3kg/ it is per mu it is even apply nutrition fertilizer, applying fertilizer
After 7d, one layer of fresh liver moss is coated with successively from lower to upper on soil surface, the stalk that a layer thickness is 4mm, toward stalk surface
Magnetized water is sprayed, to stalk water content up to 45%;Concrete column is found by seeding row spacing 1.5m × 2.0m;
Step(3)It is colonized hole processing:In step(2)The soil handled well excavates the field planting hole that length and width are respectively 0.8m, deep 0.4m,
Then well-rotted farmyard manure 2500kg/hm is applied2, add plant ash 6000kg/hm2, then add 15:15:15 N P and K crop is special to match somebody with somebody
The fertile 750kg/hm in side2 Mixing, which is mixed thoroughly, makees bottom, and earthing waters after fertilising, and table soil dries after the heavy reality of soil;
Step(4)Field planting:By step(1)Dragon fruit seedling plant 980~1000 plants of density by every mu and be colonized in step(3)Determine
Hole is planted, every concrete column both sides orientation beats the pool and is colonized 1~2 plant/pool, spacing 10~15cm of concrete column, poured again after field planting 1 time and determine root
Water, soil moisture is kept between 60%~80%, and interplanting green manure;
Step(5)Fertilising:It is colonized after surviving and seed manure is imposed using broadcast application;Yield positive results the phase, the magnesium sulfate of root outer spraying 0.3%,
0.2% borax, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1 time;
Step(6)Rationally prune off:Side shoot is wiped out in dragon fruit Seedling Stage, maintains single branch growth, when branch length to 1.3~1.4 m
When pinching;
Step(7)Flower thinning is pollinated:Full-bloom stage, after buddingging in 8d, 2~3 buds of different azimuth are stayed at every, it is other complete
Portion removes;In the dusk, the flowers are in blossom or early morning is spent before not yet closing for pollination, and directly pollen is coated onto on female chapiter with writing brush;Xie Huahou
5~7d, every is selected and remain 1~2 successful fruit of pollination, and remaining is wiped out;
Step(8)Harvest in good time:Thank to 35~40d fruits after spending and gradually become red by green, fruit appearance bulging is perfectly round, and has
When gloss occurs, harvest immediately.
A kind of 2. cultural method of dragon fruit early fruiting and high yield according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step(2)
Concrete column per 667m2 Vertical 110-130 pillars, concrete column specification is 2.5 m × 0.1m × 0.1m, during concrete column implantation is native
0.5m。
A kind of 3. cultural method of dragon fruit early fruiting and high yield according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step(4)
Green manure for Pemisetum flaccidum Griseb, pulse family Trifolium repense, alfalfa, artificial flower life one kind.
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CN108575487A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-28 | 贵州省生物研究所 | A kind of green high-efficient cultural method of Hawk tea cuttage seeding |
CN110839420A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-28 | 海南北纬十八度果业有限公司 | Cutting planting and topdressing method for pitaya |
CN111727799A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-02 | 辽宁省果树科学研究所 | Method for interplanting pineapple and passion fruit in greenhouse dragon fruit |
CN113317090A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-31 | 贵州省果树科学研究所(贵州省柑橘研究所、贵州省特色果蔬工程技术中心、贵州省火龙果研究所) | Method for preventing and controlling summer weeds in hilly dragon orchard |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108575487A (en) * | 2018-03-23 | 2018-09-28 | 贵州省生物研究所 | A kind of green high-efficient cultural method of Hawk tea cuttage seeding |
CN110839420A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-28 | 海南北纬十八度果业有限公司 | Cutting planting and topdressing method for pitaya |
CN111727799A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-02 | 辽宁省果树科学研究所 | Method for interplanting pineapple and passion fruit in greenhouse dragon fruit |
CN113317090A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-31 | 贵州省果树科学研究所(贵州省柑橘研究所、贵州省特色果蔬工程技术中心、贵州省火龙果研究所) | Method for preventing and controlling summer weeds in hilly dragon orchard |
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Application publication date: 20180126 |