CN107529625B - It is a kind of for observe in real time micro-nano transient phenomena it is continuous/burst the ultrafast imaging method of bimodulus - Google Patents
It is a kind of for observe in real time micro-nano transient phenomena it is continuous/burst the ultrafast imaging method of bimodulus Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of for observing continuous/burst ultrafast imaging method of bimodulus of micro-nano transient phenomena in real time, a kind of light path converting module is specially provided, change laser direction, the femtosecond laser of same ultrafast pulsed laser device output is subjected to imaging by entering continuous imaging or burst imaging after light path converting module.When observing same micro-nano transient phenomena, fast dynamics under micro-nano environment can either be continuously captured, and the imaging that number frame time resolution capability reaches femtosecond magnitude can be obtained in the significant instant of experiment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of ultrafast imaging techniques more particularly to a kind of for observing the company of micro-nano transient phenomena in real time
Continuous/burst ultrafast imaging method of bimodulus.
Background technique
Traditional CCD (charge coupling device imaging sensor) and CMOS (Complimentary Metal-Oxide semiconductor) imaging is to answer
With widest imaging technique.The dynamic that CCD and CMOS clearly can not sensitively capture ultrafast process occurs, especially to micro-nano
The observation object of scale is imaged.Even if dynamic phenomenon is very slow, very high temporal resolution is also required under micro/nano-scale.
Optical imagery common problem is: frame per second is higher, and photon collected by every frame is fewer.It is higher in order to obtain
Temporal resolution, it is common to use method be to reduce spatial resolution and to use high power light source, but this is not ideal
Solution can not only generate optical noise, but also when carrying out micro/nano-scale imaging, light concentrates on very small region, can
It can damage and be observed object.
In the occasion for needing to observe transient phenomena, photochemistry, phonon, plasma physics and living cells egg are such as studied
When the fast dynamics such as white matter, observation not only needs to reach nanosecond (10-9S) continuous imaging of magnitude, it is also necessary to when number frame
Between resolution capability be femtosecond (10-15S) the burst imaging of magnitude, when to carry out ultrashort to the crucial moment in its research process
Between be spaced continuously take pictures.However, current continuous imaging technology, can only achieve the level of nanosecond, and if experimental observation exists
The a certain moment needs to reach the imaging of femtosecond magnitude, then uses pump probe technology and ultrafast burst imaging technique.It is needing to see
It surveys in the occasion of transient phenomena, in order to observe the fast dynamics of substance, that is, needs ultrafast continuous imaging, and need super
Fast burst imaging.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is provide a kind of existing for observing micro-nano transition in real time for observation micro-nano transient phenomena in real time
Continuous/burst ultrafast imaging method of bimodulus of elephant, can continuously capture fast dynamics under micro-nano environment, and testing
Significant instant can obtain the imaging that number frame time resolution capability reaches femtosecond magnitude.
To achieve the goals above, continuous/burst according to the present invention for observing micro-nano transient phenomena in real time is double
The ultrafast imaging method of mould is characterized in that and provides a kind of light path converting module, changes laser direction, by same ultrafast arteries and veins
The femtosecond laser for rushing laser output carries out imaging by entering continuous imaging or burst imaging after light path converting module.
Further, the light path converting module includes multiple overturning mirrors.
Further, the light path converting module includes the first overturning mirror, the second overturning mirror and reflective mirror, the optical path
The ultrafast burst imaging pulse of the ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module and burst imaging of conversion module and continuous imaging
Integrated bimodulus shaping pulse module is collectively formed in time domain Shaping Module, in which:
First overturning mirror for changing femtosecond laser path, hence into ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module or
The ultrafast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module of person；
The reflective mirror makes it act on for changing the output laser of ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module
On two overturning mirrors；
The laser or ultrafast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module that the second overturning mirror is used to convert reflective mirror
The path for exporting laser changes the subsequent operation being imaged to continuous imaging or burst.
Still further, the bimodulus shaping pulse module output end is additionally provided with third overturning mirror, the third overturning
Bimodulus shaping pulse module output laser is changed the subsequent operation to continuous imaging or burst imaging by mirror.
The present invention has the advantages that
1, all it is common optical instrument used in this imaging method, is easy to implement.
2, when observing same micro-nano transient phenomena, fast dynamics under micro-nano environment can either be continuously captured,
Again the imaging that number frame time resolution capability reaches femtosecond magnitude can be obtained in the significant instant of experiment.Make full use of ultrafast femtosecond
The time-frequency characteristic of pulse realizes the double-mode imaging that can flexibly switch imaging mode, can be according to application demand to ultrafast mistake
The whole continuous detection of Cheng Jinhang or the emphasis detection of particular point in time, and can real-time cuts detection methods.It will be a variety of independent
Detection mode organically combine, for retrofit process detection provide completely new one-stop solution.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention patent；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of pulse Shaping Module in structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of ultrafast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module；
Fig. 5 be structural schematic diagram intermediate frequency-when conversion with optical amplifier module；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of continuous/burst ultrafast imaging of bimodulus.
In figure: 101: ultrafast pulsed laser device；102: the ultrafast anti-spatial dispersion module of continuous imaging pulse；103: optical path is quasi-
Straight device；104: bimodulus shaping pulse module；105: third overturns mirror；106: beam path alignment device；107: convex lens；108: observation pair
As；109: the conversion of frequency-when and optical amplifier module；110: single pixel photodiode；111: reflective mirror；112: scattered grating；
113: alignment grating；114: the pulse after the shaping of airspace；115: image processing system.
201: femtosecond pulse；202: the first overturning mirrors；203: ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module；204: ultrafast
Happen suddenly imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module；205: reflective mirror；206: the second overturning mirrors.
301: collimator；302: convex lens；303: convex lens；304: cylindrical mirror；305: virtual image phased array；306: diffraction
Grating.
401: pulse stretcher；402: the laser pulse after broadening；403: wide wavestrip reflecting mirror；404: grating；405: thoroughly
Mirror；406: spatial light modulator；407: lens；408: grating；409: wide wavestrip reflecting mirror；410: multiple sons after time domain shaping
Pulse.
501: erbium-doped fiber amplifier；502: Raman pump；503: wavelength division multiplexer；504: dispersion compensating fiber；505:
Wavelength division multiplexer；506: Raman pump.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific implementation with reference to the accompanying drawing:
For observing continuous/burst ultrafast imaging method of bimodulus of micro-nano transient phenomena, tool in real time designed by the present invention
Body are as follows: a kind of light path converting module is provided, laser direction is changed, the femtosecond laser that same ultrafast pulsed laser device exports is passed through
Enter continuous imaging after light path converting module or burst imaging carries out imaging.
Wherein, the light path converting module includes multiple overturning mirrors.Light path converting module is turned over including first in the present embodiment
Tilting mirror, the second overturning mirror and reflective mirror, the ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module of light path converting module and continuous imaging
Integrated bimodulus shaping pulse module is collectively formed with the ultrafast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module of burst imaging,
In:
First overturning mirror for changing femtosecond laser path, hence into ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module or
The ultrafast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module of person；
The reflective mirror makes it act on for changing the output laser of ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module
On two overturning mirrors；
The laser or ultrafast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module that the second overturning mirror is used to convert reflective mirror
The path for exporting laser changes the subsequent operation being imaged to continuous imaging or burst.
For convenience of the arrangement of subsequent operation, bimodulus shaping pulse module output end is additionally provided with third overturning mirror, and described the
Bimodulus shaping pulse module output laser is changed the subsequent operation to continuous imaging or burst imaging by three overturning mirrors.
It is of the invention the specific implementation process is as follows:
As shown in the picture, this double-mode imaging method includes optical path a and optical path b, optical path a and optical path b respectively represent continuously at
As STEAM and burst imaging STAMP, the two overturns mirror 206 by the first overturning mirror 202, second and switches over.Specifically: when
It is optical path a when the first overturning overturning mirror 206 of mirror 202, second goes to horizontal position；When the first overturning mirror 202, second overturns mirror
206 when going to 45 degree, is optical path b.
Its optical path a trend are as follows: firstly, ultrafast pulsed laser device 101 is for exporting femtosecond laser；Then, by collimator
103 enter ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module 203 in bimodulus shaping pulse modules 104, by collimator 301 to ultrashort
Pulse adjusts spot size by lens group (302,303), by cylindrical lens 304, virtual image phased array 305 and diffraction grating
The dispersion element of 306 compositions, pulse are spatially unfolded according to frequency, form rainbow hot spot；Then, 105 He of mirror is overturn by third
106 lens 107 of collimator, rainbow hot spot converge on sample 108；Then, by diffusing reflection, the pulse after coding is ultrafast continuous
The anti-spatial dispersion module 102 of imaging pulse, rainbow hot spot are reduced into short pulse, into the conversion of frequency-when and optical amplifier module
109, the information of frequency domain is transformed into time domain, since the irreflexive optical signal of observation object is very faint and frequency spectrum is wider,
Frequently-when conversion before carry out bandpass filtering, and pass through erbium-doped fiber amplifier 501 and distributed raman amplification, specially Raman
Pumping 502,506, wavelength division multiplexer 503, dispersion compensating fiber 504, wavelength division multiplexer 505 are realized；Finally, the time domain of light beam is believed
Breath obtains the continuous imaging of nanosecond order by 110 photoelectric conversion of photodiode and image processing system 115.
Its optical path b trend are as follows: firstly, ultrafast pulsed laser device 101 is for exporting femtosecond laser；Then, by collimator
103 enter ultrafast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module 204 in bimodulus shaping pulse module 104, and reflecting mirror is passed through in pulse 402
403 by beam emissions to grating 404, and for grating 404 by light beam according to frequency spread, lens 405 will pass through liquid crystalline phase after beam collimation
Position delayer 406, liquid crystal phase retarders 406 carry out frequency domain Fourier transformation to light beam to carry out time domain shaping.Shaping light
Beam, and multiple sub- arteries and veins after reflecting mirror 409 forms time domain shaping are focused and closed by lens 407 and grating 408
Punching 410.The frequency spectrum of former laser pulse 402 is divided into several segments on frequency domain, and each wave band forms a subpulse, after time domain shaping
Multiple subpulses 410 have different time intervals；Then, multiple subpulses 410 after time domain shaping pass sequentially through third
Mirror 105 and 106 lens 107 of collimator are overturn, are converged on sample 108, and the two-dimensional image information of target surface is encoded
Onto these pulse spectrums, due between subpulse have certain time interval, so these subpulses will encode it is extremely short
The information of different moments in time provides condition for ultrafast burst imaging；Then, by diffusing reflection, when return, passes through reflective mirror
111, scattered grating 112 and alignment grating 113, the spectrum of subpulse different frequency is spatially evenly distributed；Finally by
Image processing system 115 obtains the imaging that time resolution is femtosecond magnitude.
All it is common optical instrument used in imaging method of the invention, is easy to implement.Observing same micro-nano transient phenomena
When, fast dynamics under micro-nano environment can either be continuously captured, and can be when the significant instant of experiment obtains number frame
Between resolution capability reach the imaging of femtosecond magnitude.The time-frequency characteristic for making full use of ultrafast femtosecond pulse, realizing flexibly to cut
The double-mode imaging of imaging mode is changed, whole continuous detection or particular point in time can be carried out to ultrafast process according to application demand
Emphasis detection, and can real-time cuts detection methods.A variety of individual detection modes are organically combined, are added to be fine
The detection of work process provides completely new one-stop solution.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of for observing continuous/burst ultrafast imaging method of bimodulus of micro-nano transient phenomena in real time, it is characterised in that: provide
A kind of light path converting module changes laser direction, and the femtosecond laser that same ultrafast pulsed laser device exports is passed through light path converting
Enter continuous imaging after module or burst imaging carries out imaging；The light path converting module includes multiple overturning mirrors；Institute
Stating light path converting module includes the first overturning mirror, the second overturning mirror and reflective mirror, the light path converting module and continuous imaging
Ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module and the ultrafast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module of burst imaging are collectively formed
Integrated bimodulus shaping pulse module, in which:
First overturning mirror hence into ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module or surpasses for changing femtosecond laser path
Fast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module；
The reflective mirror makes it act on second and turns over for changing the output laser of ultrafast continuous imaging pulse interval dispersion compensation module
On tilting mirror；
The laser or the output of ultrafast burst imaging pulse time domain Shaping Module that the second overturning mirror is used to convert reflective mirror
The path of laser changes the subsequent operation to continuous imaging or burst imaging；The bimodulus shaping pulse module output end is also set
It is equipped with third overturning mirror, the third overturning mirror changes bimodulus shaping pulse module output laser to continuous imaging or burst
The subsequent operation of imaging.
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| CN108375774A (en) * | 2018-02-28 | 2018-08-07 | 中国科学技术大学 | A kind of single photon image detecting laser radar of no-raster |
| CN108956432B (en) * | 2018-08-10 | 2020-08-07 | 武汉大学 | Flow type high-speed super-resolution imaging device and method based on structured light |
| CN111685728B (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2022-01-14 | 武汉大学 | Tumor and lymphocyte rapid circulating detection and identification system and method |
| CN112033538B (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2021-05-25 | 华东师范大学 | Ultrafast image device based on spectrum-time mapping |
| CN115268200B (en) * | 2022-08-10 | 2023-07-21 | 武汉大学 | Multi-frame ultrafast phase imaging system and method |
| CN116593399B (en) * | 2023-07-17 | 2023-09-19 | 杭州创锐光测技术有限公司 | Ultra-fast time-resolved shadow imaging system and testing method based on sCMOS |
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| WO2016008336A1 (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2016-01-21 | 深圳大学 | High spatial resolution real-time ultrafast framing optical imaging device |
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