CN107498043A - Electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device and its control method - Google Patents
Electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device and its control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107498043A CN107498043A CN201710535058.XA CN201710535058A CN107498043A CN 107498043 A CN107498043 A CN 107498043A CN 201710535058 A CN201710535058 A CN 201710535058A CN 107498043 A CN107498043 A CN 107498043A
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- vacuum chamber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
- B22F10/322—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber of the gas flow, e.g. rate or direction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/368—Temperature or temperature gradient, e.g. temperature of the melt pool
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/20—Cooling means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/70—Gas flow means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
A kind of electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device, including electron gun, vacuum chamber, workbench, temperature measuring equipment, cooling system and control system；Electron gun and vacuum chamber, and it is provided with flapper valve among vacuum chamber and electron gun；In vacuum chamber, work top is set to electron gun for workbench and temperature measuring equipment, and temperature measuring equipment is used for the temperature for measuring molding part region；Cooling system is used for cooling work platform；Control system electrically connects with electron gun, temperature measuring equipment and cooling system respectively.Above-mentioned electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device is by setting cooling system, the heat output of workbench can be used for improving, by setting temperature measuring equipment, the real-time monitoring of the temperature of molding part and its near zone can be realized, cooling system, temperature measuring equipment are controlled regulation by control system, the closed-loop control in temperature field can be realized, so as to realize the dynamic stability in the accurate temperature field of control molding part in real time, ensures quantity of sintered parts.In addition, also provide a kind of control method of electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to increases material manufacturing technology field, more particularly to a kind of electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device and its control
Method.
Background technology
Traditional metal increasing material manufacturing (3D printing) method, it is broadly divided into two major classes and is sintered using powder melts, such as swashed
Light constituency deposition/sintering, electron beam selective melting；Or stacked using wire melting, such as electron beam fuse forming technique.The former
Because powder extraction is difficult, manufacturing cost is high, reason, the application such as not easy to maintain are necessarily limited to.Electron beam fuse into
Type technology (i.e. EBAM) uses high-speed motion electron beam as thermal source and former material using solid core welding wire or metal drawing silk material as raw material
Expect reciprocation, convert kinetic energy into heat energy so that metal wire material melts to form liquid state molten pool, and with thermal source away from liquid metal,
Liquid state molten pool coagulation forming, repeated thermal cycles are constantly pushed ahead with thermal source to be made silk material successively melt, solidifies stacking and accumulate and carry out structure
The manufacturing technology of divine force that created the universe body.EBAM technologies can directly produce the performance blank suitable with forging.The technology has shaping speed
The advantages of fast is spent, and it is different from other fuse molding fabrication techniques (such as electric arc fuse increases material technology), its forming process is true
Carried out in Altitude.Advantage is molded in vacuum environment to be：Heat is scattered and disappeared less, therefore forming process will not be produced because temperature is rapid
Thermal stress caused by becoming phenomenon.And vacuum environment metal deposit is not influenceed by introduced contaminants, molding part high purity is obtained.
But there is also certain drawback for vacuum forming environment.Preferable fuse forming process：With the movement of thermal source, molten bath with
With its constant speed movement, and the metal molten in molten bath should be synchronous progress with process of setting, i.e. molten bath first half melts, later half
It is partially solidified.But radiated in vacuum environment mainly based on heat radiation, only a small amount of heat transfer.And heat radiation is only at high temperature
Effectively, and its transmission heat it is very limited.So in the case of thermal cycle is continued to increase, molding part local temperature mistake can be caused
Height, bath superheat is serious, causes forming process unstable.Specifically：1. for molding part profile, molding part is influenceed
Dimensional accuracy and surface topography, even surface can be collapsed because of the excessive flow of liquid state molten pool when serious, cause molding part
Scrap；2. for structure property, temperature is too high to be caused to solidify phase transition process postponement so that molten bath solidification slows down, shaping group
Thick, mechanical property is knitted to deteriorate；3. for chemical composition, liquid metals degree of superheat is bigger, caused by melting loss of elements get over
Seriously, the chemical constituent of material is influenceed；4. for technical process, heat is from high temperature to low temperature iterative cycles or enrichment, such as
Have thermometric link and cooling link in fruit, the temperature of shaping by it is uncontrollable or random, printing technology stability will be caused
, easily there is defect in difference and physical dimension is inconsistent.
The content of the invention
In consideration of it, being necessary to provide a kind of stable state control that can realize temperature field, adding for electron beam fuse shaping is improved
Work precision, improve the electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device and its control method of the mechanical property of material.
A kind of electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device, including electron gun, vacuum chamber, workbench, temperature measuring equipment, cooling system
And control system；
The electron gun and the vacuum chamber, and it is provided with flapper valve among the vacuum chamber and the electron gun；
In the vacuum chamber, the work top is set to the electron gun for the workbench and the temperature measuring equipment
Put, the temperature measuring equipment is used for the temperature for measuring molding part region；
The cooling system is used to cool down the workbench；
The control system electrically connects with the electron gun, the temperature measuring equipment and the cooling system respectively.
In one of the embodiments, in addition to high voltage power supply, the electron gun connect with the high voltage power supply.
In one of the embodiments, in addition to vacuum system, the vacuum system respectively with the vacuum chamber and described
Electron gun connects, and the vacuum system is used to vacuumize to the vacuum chamber and the electron gun.
In one of the embodiments, the vacuum system includes pneumatic operated valve, vacuum system pipeline and pump group, the pump group
Connected respectively with the vacuum chamber and the electron gun by the vacuum system pipeline, with the vacuum chamber and the electron gun
The pneumatic operated valve is equipped with the vacuum system pipeline of connection.
In one of the embodiments, in addition to the gas pressure intensity detection unit in the vacuum chamber, the gas
Pressure detection unit is used for the pressure for detecting the vacuum chamber.
In one of the embodiments, the temperature measuring equipment is thermoelectricity occasionally infrared radiation thermometer.
In one of the embodiments, the cooling system is at least one of water-cooling system and air cooling system.
In one of the embodiments, the water-cooling system includes water cooling unit, water flow control valve and cooling water pipe, the water
On the outside of the vacuum chamber, the cooling water pipe is wound in outside the workbench, described for cold and the water flow control valve
Water cooling unit connects with the cooling water pipe, and the water flow control valve is located at the pipeline that the water cooling unit connects with the cooling water pipe
On, the control system and the water cooling mechatronics.
In one of the embodiments, the air cooling system includes inert gas air accumulator, gas piping and gas flow
Valve, the both ends of the gas piping respectively with the inert gas air accumulator and the vacuum chamber, the gas flow valve
On the gas piping, and the gas flow valve and control system electrical connection.
In one of the embodiments, the inert gas is at least one of argon gas, hydrogen and helium.
A kind of control method of electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device, comprises the following steps：
S10, setting meet that electron beam fuse increases the predetermined vacuum degree P of the vacuum chamber of material condition0It is pre- with molding part region
If temperature T0；
S20, the observed temperature T in detection molding part region1, by preset temperature T0With observed temperature T1It is compared；
S30, work as T0＜ T1When, cooling system is opened, closes thermal source and wire feed system, closes flapper valve, until T0=T1
When, cooling system is closed, opens thermal source and wire feed system, opens flapper valve；
S40, work as T0≥T1When, cooling system is closed, opens thermal source and wire feed system, opens flapper valve；
S50, repeat S20 to S40 until fuse forming process terminates.
In one of the embodiments, when including air cooling system in cooling system, T is worked as0＜ T1When, in addition to following step
Suddenly：
Actual pressure value P in vacuum chamber is detected, and by actual pressure value P and predetermined vacuum degree P0It is compared；
As actual pressure value P<P0When, air cooling system is persistently opened, and is persistently vacuumized；
As actual pressure value P ≈ P0When, gas flow valve is turned down, and throughput reduces, and persistently vacuumizes；
As actual pressure value P>P0When, air cooling system is closed, and is persistently vacuumized, until actual pressure value P ≈ P0When, open
Air cooling system.
For above-mentioned electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device by setting cooling system, the heat that can be used for improving workbench is defeated
Go out, by setting temperature measuring equipment, it is possible to achieve the real-time monitoring of the temperature of molding part and its near zone, by cooling system, survey
Warm device is controlled regulation by control system, it is possible to achieve the closed-loop control in temperature field, so as to realize accurate control in real time into
The dynamic stability in type part temperature field, ensure quantity of sintered parts.
The control method of above-mentioned electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device, process are simple, it is ensured that molding part in forming process
And its at infinite approach, temperature does not overheat, keeping temperature field is balanced.Ensure the high vacuum needed for material molten forming process simultaneously
Environment.Control accuracy is high, the response time is short, the control of temperature field real-time closed-loop system can be achieved, so as to ensure molding part size, group
Knit, the stability of performance.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device of an embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device of another embodiment；
The connection diagram for the unit that Fig. 3 is controlled by control system with it；
Fig. 4 is air cooling mode control system control process flow chart.
Embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become apparent from, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, to this hair
It is bright to be further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and do not have to
It is of the invention in limiting.
Referring to Fig. 1, the electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device 100 of an embodiment, including electron gun 10, vacuum chamber
20th, workbench 30, temperature measuring equipment 40, cooling system and control system 60.
Electron gun 10 connects with vacuum chamber 20, and vacuum chamber 20 among electron gun 10 with being provided with flapper valve 14.
When electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device 100 is placed on horizontal plane in use, electron gun 10 is located at electron beam fuse
The top of increasing material manufacturing device 100, for producing and launching electronics beam 12.Electron gun 10 and high voltage power supply 15 connect, for electricity
The generation of electron beam 12 provides electrical potential difference in sub- rifle 10.
Vacuum chamber 20 is the reciprocation of electron beam and silk material, completion forming process provides environment.
Workbench 30 and temperature measuring equipment 40 are in vacuum chamber 20, and workbench 30 is set in face of electron gun 10, temperature measuring equipment
40 temperature for measuring molding part region.
Workbench 30 is used to place preformed member and its substrate.Metal wire material 16 acts on workbench by electron beam 12
Melt, be molded on 30.
Temperature measuring equipment 40 can be thermocouple or infrared radiation thermometer.Temperature device 40 be arranged on temperature uniformly and can represent into
The region of type part temperature.In embodiment as shown in Figure 1, temperature measuring equipment 40 is thermocouple.Embodiment as shown in Figure 2
In, temperature measuring equipment is infrared radiation thermometer.
Cooling system is used for cooling work platform 30.
Cooling system is at least one of water-cooling system and air cooling system.In the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, cooling system
Unite as water-cooling system 52.Fig. 2 is refer to, in the embodiment shown in figure 2, cooling system is air cooling system 54.It is appreciated that
In other embodiments, cooling system can also be the combination of water-cooling system and air cooling system.
Fig. 1 is refer to, water-cooling system 52 includes water cooling unit 522, water flow control valve 524 and cooling water pipe 526.Water cooling unit
522 and water flow control valve 524 be wound in located at the outside of vacuum chamber 20, cooling water pipe 526 outside workbench 30, the He of water cooling unit 522
Cooling water pipe 526 connects, and water flow control valve 524 is on the pipeline that water cooling unit 522 connects with cooling water pipe 526, control system
60 and water cooling unit 522 electrically connect.Cooling water temperature is controlled to adjust by water cooling unit 522.The control of control system 60 passes through flow cavitation result
The on and off of valve 524 and open size come control water-carrying capacity number.
Fig. 2 is refer to, air cooling system 54 includes inert gas air accumulator 542, gas piping (figure is not marked) and gas flow
Valve 546.The both ends of gas piping connect with inert gas air accumulator 542 and vacuum chamber 20 respectively, and gas flow valve 546 is located at gas
On body pipeline, and gas flow valve 546 and control system 60 electrically connect.
Inert gas can be at least one of argon gas, hydrogen and helium.
Gas flow is controlled by gas flow valve 546, and control system 60 controls the on and off of gas flow valve 546, and
The unlatching size of gas flow 546 is controlled to control throughput size.
Control system 60 connects with electron gun 10, temperature measuring equipment 40 and cooling system respectively.Specifically, temperature measuring equipment
40th, cooling system 60, thermal source and wire feed system electrically connect with control system 60, form temperature field closed-loop control system.Closed loop
Control temperature field system can accurately adjust in real time to molding part and its neighbouring temperature.Specifically, the mould that control system controls with it
Annexation between block is as shown in Figure 3.
It is appreciated that electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device 100 also includes vacuum system 70, vacuum system 70 respectively with very
Empty room 20 and electron gun 10 connect, and vacuum system 70 is used to vacuumize to vacuum chamber 20 and electron gun 10.Specifically, vacuum system
70 include pneumatic operated valve 72, vacuum system pipeline (figure do not mark) and pump group (figure is not marked), pump group by vacuum system pipeline respectively with
Vacuum chamber 20 is connected with electron gun 10, and pneumatic operated valve is equipped with the vacuum system pipeline connected with vacuum chamber 20 and electron gun 10
72。
It is appreciated that electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device 100 also includes the gas pressure intensity detection in vacuum chamber 20
Unit (not shown), gas pressure intensity detection unit are used for the pressure for detecting vacuum chamber 20.
Above-mentioned electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device 100 can be used for improving workbench 30 by setting cooling system
Heat exports, by setting temperature measuring equipment 40, it is possible to achieve the real-time monitoring of the temperature of molding part and its near zone.Will cooling
System, temperature measuring equipment 40 are controlled regulation by control system 60, by accurately measuring molding part and its near zone temperature, control
The liquid state molten pool metal freezing time processed, improve thermal cycle cooling condition, shorten molten bath and neighbouring metallic high temperature residence time, reduce
Due to liquid metal overheat and caused by melting loss of elements, realize molding part and its quasi-steady state of near zone temperature field control and uniformly
Distribution, realizes the closed-loop control in temperature field, improves the printing precision and quality of molding part, further enhance weighing for printing technology
Renaturation.
Specifically, above-mentioned electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device 100 possesses advantages below：
1. above-mentioned electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device 100 possesses higher stable state accuracy and dynamic response characteristic, can be real
Existing temperature field real-time closed-loop system control.
2. above-mentioned electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device 100 is simple using process, it is ensured that in forming process molding part and
Temperature field is balanced at its infinite approach.Ensure the high vacuum environment needed for material molten forming process simultaneously.
3. the above-mentioned closed-loop control system of electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device 100 improves control accuracy, response time contracting
It is short.
4. the further perfect conditional electronic beam fuse former of above-mentioned electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device 100 is automatic
Change and Process Precision control, technology stability and repeatability, ensure that the stability of molding part size, tissue, performance.
In addition, the control method of the above-mentioned electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device of an embodiment is also provided, including it is following
Step：
S10, setting meet that electron beam fuse increases the predetermined vacuum degree P of the vacuum chamber of material condition0It is pre- with molding part region
If temperature T0。
Predetermined vacuum degree P0With preset temperature T0Pass through set-up of control system.
In addition, also comprise the following steps in S10：The inert gas of regulation heat output can be completed using set-up of control system
Air pressure P01And/or hydraulic parameters P02.Specifically, when including air cooling system in cooling system, set-up of control system can be completed to advise
Determine the inert gas air pressure P of heat output01.When including water-cooling system in cooling system, set-up of control system can be completed to provide
The hydraulic parameters P of heat output02。
It is appreciated that it can also comprise the following steps in S10：Using set-up of control system Heat-Source Parameters and wire feed system phase
Related parameter.
Specifically, Heat-Source Parameters include line, accelerating potential and working table movement speed etc..Wire feed system relevant parameter bag
Include silk material diameter and wire feed rate etc..
Also comprise the following steps after S10：
S12, vacuum system is opened, vacuum P is extremely set to electron gun and vacuum chamber0。
S14, open high voltage power supply and electron gun.
S20, the observed temperature T in detection molding part region1, by preset temperature T0With observed temperature T1It is compared.
Observed temperature T1Measured using temperature measuring equipment, and result is fed back to control system by temperature measuring equipment with electric signal
System, control system will set temperature to be compared in real time with observed temperature.
S30, work as T0＜ T1When, cooling system is opened, closes thermal source and wire feed system, closes flapper valve, until T0=T1
When, cooling system is closed, opens thermal source and wire feed system, opens flapper valve.
Specifically, when including air cooling system in cooling system, work as T0＜ T1When, also comprise the following steps：
Actual pressure value P in S32, detection vacuum chamber, and by actual pressure value P and predetermined vacuum degree P0It is compared；
S34, as actual pressure value P<P0When, air cooling system is persistently opened, and is persistently vacuumized；
S36, as actual pressure value P ≈ P0When, gas flow valve is turned down, and throughput reduces, and persistently vacuumizes；
S38, as actual pressure value P>P0When, air cooling system is closed, and is persistently vacuumized, until actual pressure value P ≈ P0When,
Open air cooling system.
S40, work as T0≥T1When, cooling system is closed, opens thermal source and wire feed system, opens flapper valve.
In S40, after opening thermal source and wire feed system, fuse forming process continues.
S50, repeat S20 to S40 until fuse forming process terminates.
The control method of above-mentioned electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device, process are simple, it is ensured that molding part in forming process
And its at infinite approach, temperature does not overheat, keeping temperature field is balanced.Ensure the high vacuum needed for material molten forming process simultaneously
Environment.Control accuracy is high, the response time is short, the control of temperature field real-time closed-loop system can be achieved, so as to ensure molding part size, group
Knit, the stability of performance.
It is two specific embodiments below.
Embodiment 1：
The electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device of temperature field closed-loop control as shown in Figure 1, cooling system use water cooling system
System, temperature measuring equipment use thermocouple temperature measuring apparatus.
The temperature field closed loop control process of the electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device of the present embodiment is as follows：
The predetermined vacuum degree P for meeting that electron beam fuse increases material condition is set in step 1. control system0, and can complete to provide
The hydraulic pressure P of heat output01。
Heat-Source Parameters and wire feed relevant parameter are set in step 2. control system.
Wherein Heat-Source Parameters include：Line, accelerating potential, working table movement speed etc.；
Wire feed system relevant parameter includes：Silk material diameter, wire feed rate etc..
Preset temperature T is set in step 3. control system0Meet liquid state molten pool setting temperature.
Step 4. opens vacuum system, to electron gun and vacuum chamber to predetermined vacuum degree P0.
Step 5. opens high voltage power supply, electron gun.
Step 6. opens thermocouple, temperature display observed temperature T1。
The actual measurement of step 7. temperature measuring equipment most represents molding part regional temperature, and result is fed back into control system with electric signal
System, control system is by preset temperature T0With observed temperature T1Compare in real time.
Work as T0<T1When, water flow control valve is opened by control system, closes thermal source and wire feed system；
Work as T0≥T1When, water flow control valve is closed, and thermal source and wire feed system are opened.Fuse forming process continues.
Step 8. repeat step 7 is until fuse forming process terminates.
Embodiment 2
The electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device of temperature field closed-loop control as shown in Figure 2, cooling system are using air cooling
System, temperature measuring equipment use infrared thermometry device.Air cooling mode control system control process refer to Fig. 4.The electricity of the present embodiment
The temperature field closed loop control process of beamlet fuse increasing material manufacturing device is as follows：
The predetermined vacuum degree P for meeting that electron beam fuse increases material condition is set in step 1. control system0, and can complete to provide
The inertia air pressure P of heat output02。
Heat-Source Parameters and wire feed relevant parameter are set in step 2. control system.
Wherein Heat-Source Parameters include：Line, accelerating potential, working table movement speed etc.；
Wire feed system relevant parameter includes：Silk material diameter, wire feed rate etc..
Preset temperature T is set in step 3. control system0Meet liquid state molten pool setting temperature.
Step 4. opens vacuum system, to electron gun and vacuum chamber to predetermined vacuum degree P0.
Step 5. opens high voltage power supply, electron gun.
Step 6. opens infrared radiation thermometer, temperature display observed temperature T1。
The actual measurement of step 7. temperature measuring equipment most represents molding part regional temperature, and result is fed back into control system with electric signal
System, control system compare preset temperature with observed temperature in real time.
I. T is worked as0<T1When, cooling device, closing thermal source and wire feed system are opened by control system, close flapper valve；
II. air cooling process in real time compares current gas pressure value with arranges value, as real-time air pressure P<P0When, air cooling system is lasting
Open, vacuum system is persistently opened；As real-time air pressure P ≈ P0When, gas flow valve is turned down, and throughput reduces, and vacuum system is held
It is continuous to open；As real-time air pressure P>P0When, air cooling system is closed, and vacuum system is persistently opened.Ensure that vacuum is all the time in vacuum chamber
Not less than P0。
III. II in circulation step 7.Until T0=T1When, cooling system is closed, thermal source and wire feed system unlatching, flapper valve
Open.Fuse forming process continues.
Step 8. repeat step 7 is until fuse forming process terminates.
Described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
Member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be regarded as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device, it is characterised in that including electron gun, vacuum chamber, workbench, thermometric dress
Put, cooling system and control system；
The electron gun and the vacuum chamber, and it is provided with flapper valve among the vacuum chamber and the electron gun；
The workbench and the temperature measuring equipment are in the vacuum chamber, and the work top is set to the electron gun, institute
State the temperature that temperature measuring equipment is used to measure molding part region；
The cooling system is used to cool down the workbench；
The control system electrically connects with the electron gun, the temperature measuring equipment and the cooling system respectively.
2. electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described also including high voltage power supply
Electron gun connects with the high voltage power supply.
3. electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described also including vacuum system
Vacuum system is connected with the vacuum chamber and the electron gun respectively, and the vacuum system is used for the vacuum chamber and the electricity
Sub- rifle vacuumizes.
4. electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the vacuum system includes pneumatic
Valve, vacuum system pipeline and pump group, the pump group by the vacuum system pipeline respectively with the vacuum chamber and the electronics
Rifle is connected, and the pneumatic operated valve is equipped with the vacuum system pipeline connected with the vacuum chamber and the electron gun.
5. electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include being located at the vacuum chamber
Interior gas pressure intensity detection unit, the gas pressure intensity detection unit are used for the pressure for detecting the vacuum chamber.
6. electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the temperature measuring equipment is thermocouple
Or infrared radiation thermometer.
7. electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the cooling system is water cooling system
At least one of system and air cooling system.
8. electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the water-cooling system includes water cooling
Machine, water flow control valve and cooling water pipe, the water cooling unit and the water flow control valve are described cold on the outside of the vacuum chamber
But water pipe is wound in outside the workbench, and the water cooling unit connects with the cooling water pipe, and the water flow control valve is located at described
On the pipeline that water cooling unit connects with the cooling water pipe, the control system and the water cooling mechatronics.
9. electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that the air cooling system includes inertia
Gas storage tank, gas piping and gas flow valve, the both ends of the gas piping respectively with the inert gas air accumulator and
The vacuum chamber, the gas flow valve is on the gas piping, and the gas flow valve and the control system
System electrical connection.
10. electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the inert gas be argon gas,
At least one of hydrogen and helium.
11. a kind of control method of electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S10, setting meet that electron beam fuse increases the predetermined vacuum degree P of the vacuum chamber of material condition0With the preset temperature in molding part region
T0；
S20, the observed temperature T in detection molding part region1, by preset temperature T0With observed temperature T1It is compared；
S30, work as T0＜ T1When, cooling system is opened, closes thermal source and wire feed system, closes flapper valve, until T0=T1When, close
Cooling system, thermal source and wire feed system are opened, open flapper valve；
S40, work as T0≥T1When, cooling system is closed, opens thermal source and wire feed system, opens flapper valve；
S50, repeat S20 to S40 until fuse forming process terminates.
12. the control method of electron beam fuse increasing material manufacturing device as claimed in claim 11, it is characterised in that work as cooling system
When air cooling system is included in system, work as T0＜ T1When, also comprise the following steps：
Actual pressure value P in vacuum chamber is detected, and by actual pressure value P and predetermined vacuum degree P0It is compared；
As actual pressure value P<P0When, air cooling system is persistently opened, and is persistently vacuumized；
As actual pressure value P ≈ P0When, gas flow valve is turned down, and throughput reduces, and persistently vacuumizes；
As actual pressure value P>P0When, air cooling system is closed, and is persistently vacuumized, until actual pressure value P ≈ P0When, open air cooling
System.
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Application publication date: 20171222 |