CN107493865A - A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit Download PDFInfo
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- CN107493865A CN107493865A CN201710695002.0A CN201710695002A CN107493865A CN 107493865 A CN107493865 A CN 107493865A CN 201710695002 A CN201710695002 A CN 201710695002A CN 107493865 A CN107493865 A CN 107493865A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit, belong to planting technology field.This implantation methods is planted with warmhouse booth, and the implantation methods comprise the following steps：(1) seedling is selected；(2) whole furrow field planting；(3) built draws climing；(4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, in the preventing and treating of pest and disease damage, by being just embedded to insect prevention powder when passion fruit seedling is colonized, pathogeny, worm's ovum can be reduced, the development of effective pest control, suppresses egg hatch, it can suppress the germination and growth of germ spore in conjunction with periodically sprinkling for insect prevention liquid, energy integrated control pest and disease damage, and insect prevention powder and insect prevention liquid are made by plant, it is harmless to passion fruit fruit；(5) selenium-rich dilution is transformed into water smoke using drencher system to fly away in greenhouse, allows passion fruit plant and fruit directly to absorb selenium-rich water smoke, the Se content that can be effectively increased in passion fruit fruit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technology field, and in particular to a kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit.
Background technology
Passion fruit is also known as passion fruit, is the herbaceous species plant of Passifloraceae Passiflora, mainly there is purple fruit and yellow fruit two
Major class.Vegetables, feed can be eaten or be made to fruit raw；It is used as medicine with excited, strong effect.Fruit flesh many juice；It is tasty to can be made into fragrance
Beverage, addition is may further be used in Other Drinks to improve the quality of beverage.Seed extracts oil, can edible and soapmaking, liquefaction paint
Deng.Because passion fruit is nutritious, sweet and sour taste, it is loved by people, therefore has been widely cultivated at present.
Selenium is respectfully called " kindling material of life " by domestic and international the world of medicine and nutrition educational circles, enjoy " long-lived element ", " anticancer it
The good reputation such as king ", " heart patron saint " " natural antidote ".Selenium content in tissue is thousand a ten thousandths, but it is to the mankind
The great function of health is that other materials are irreplaceable.Selenium deficiency can directly result in human immunological competence's decline, clinical medicine card
It is bright, threaten more than 40 kinds of disease of human health and life all relevant with human body selenium deficiency, as cancer, cardiovascular disease, hepatopathy, it is white in
Barrier, pancreatic disease, diabetes, genital system diseases etc..Selenium-supply has become a kind of trend that people pursue health, and gesture
In the healthy mission that must be gone.
At present, the implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit are that passion fruit is applied using substantial amounts of selenium-rich chemical fertilizer mostly
With after chemical fertilizer use, selenium is usually to be transmitted to plant by root system to be finally just delivered in the fruit of passion fruit, transmission channel
Long, when being delivered to fruit, Se content is very small, so just needing to apply a greater amount of selenium-rich chemical fertilizer.Largely
The administration of selenium-rich chemical fertilizer, is on the one hand the increase in planting cost；On the other hand, these chemical fertilizer can be polluted using excessive
Soil, or even polluted source, it is unfavorable for the protection of environment.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve above mentioned problem existing for prior art, there is provided a kind of plantation of selenium-rich passion fruit
Method, this method are planted in greenhouse, and selenium-rich liquid is changed into water smoke using drencher system flies away to greenhouse, passion fruit plant
And fruit increases Se content by directly absorbing the water smoke of selenium-rich liquid.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit, are planted, the implantation methods comprise the following steps with warmhouse booth：
(1) seedling is selected：Select the passion fruit seedling of no pest and disease damage, height of seedling 30-50cm is standby；
(2) whole furrow field planting：Move towards to carry out whole furrow along warmhouse booth construction, the deep planting pits of 35-40cm, field planting are dug in furrow face
Decomposed manure is often spreaded manuer in holes in cave and composite fertilizer makees base manure, and base manure is covered with the surface mellow soil dug out when digging cave, thickness 10-15cm,
Passion fruit seedling is placed on mellow soil and is colonized, every mu of field planting 40-50 strain；The present invention is to combine the characteristics of drencher system increases selenium, to every
Mu field planting amount has carried out special setting, and fewer than the field planting amount of conventional method, plant spacing is bigger, so could preferably increase by hundred
The Se content of fragrant fruit.
(3) built draws climing：When passion fruit main stem grows to 40-50cm, climbing frame is set up, guides main stem restocking, it is described to climb
The height of climbing frame is arranged to 1.5-1.7m；
(4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：A, insect prevention powder is added in the base manure of step (2)；B, after passion fruit is colonized 10-15 days
Start to spray insect prevention water, specific method is as follows：Insect prevention liquid is taken, insect prevention water is diluted to the water of 3-5 times of quality, insect prevention water is sprayed
There is water drippage on passion fruit plant, being sprayed to plant, insect prevention water is sprayed weekly once, until before passion fruit harvesting
15-20 days stop sprinkling；
The preparation method of the insect prevention powder and insect prevention liquid is as follows：
1) yam bean stem and eucalyptus leaves are cut into chunks shape, boiled with the 4-5 times of decocting measured, decocting time 20-30min, filtered,
Respectively obtain decoction liquor and filter residue；
2) filter residue in step 1) is dried, it is standby to be ground into filter residue powder, takes chinaberry to be made powder standby, takes offal
It is standby that powder is made；
3) filter residue powder, chinaberry powder, offal powder are well mixed, obtain mixed-powder, added in mixed-powder
The methanol for entering 1.5 times of weight stirs, after standing 10-15min, supersonic oscillations 8-10min, ultrasonic power 500W, and temperature
Spend for 20 DEG C, filtered after ultrasound, respectively obtain extract and mixed-powder residue, the drying of mixed-powder residue can be prevented
Worm powder；The present invention is extracted using methanol, on the one hand can effectively be extracted into the active ingredient of each component, on the other hand, first
Alcohol can be compatible with water, preferably could so mix decoction liquor with extract, comprehensive to play bigger drug effect；
4) extract made from decoction liquor made from step 1) and step 3) is well mixed, obtains insect prevention liquid, the extraction
It is 1 to take liquid and the mass ratio of decoction liquor：1-1.5；
(5) selenium-rich method：Increasing selenium is carried out to passion fruit using drencher system；
The drencher system includes cascade wall, cistern, gutter, water pump, pipeline, spray head and negative-pressure air fan；It is described
The one side that cascade wall is installed in warmhouse booth replaces a face canopy wall, and gutter, gutter and cascade are offered below cascade wall
Cistern connection outside wall, cistern are connected by pipeline with the spray head in cascade wall top portion, and water pump is provided with pipeline, with
Negative-pressure air fan is installed on the relative canopy wall of cascade wall, spray head can install several as needed；Negative-pressure air fan can root
According to needing to install several；
Specific increasing selenium step is as follows：
A, by selenium-rich liquid and water using volume ratio as 1：100-120 stirs, and obtains selenium-rich dilution；
B, deployed selenium-rich dilution is poured into the cistern of drencher system；
C, water pump is opened, selenium-rich dilution sprays selenium-rich dilution to be formed by Pipeline transport to spray head, spray head
Cascade, open negative-pressure air fan and carry out exhausting, selenium-rich dilution water smoke is distributed in warmhouse booth caused by cascade；
D, the selenium-rich dilution flowed down from cascade wall is drained in cistern through gutter, recycles selenium-rich dilution
Liquid；
(6) other conventional field management.
Above-mentioned technical proposal, preferably, in step (3), the climbing frame is the shelf of flat roof type or " people " font.Climb
Climbing frame is arranged to both shapes and is more conducive to being uniformly distributed for the selenium-rich water smoke that drencher system is sent forth out.
Above-mentioned technical proposal, preferably, in step (4), the weight of the insect prevention powder applied per cave planting pit is
40-50g。
Above-mentioned technical proposal, preferably, in the insect prevention powder of step (4) and the preparation method of insect prevention liquid, the yam bean
Stem, eucalyptus leaves, chinaberry, the mass ratio of offal are 2-3：3-5：1-2：3-4.
Above-mentioned technical proposal, preferably, in step (5), the selenium-rich liquid is selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer and water with 1：400-600
Volume ratio dilution form.
Above-mentioned technical proposal, preferably, in step (5), the selenium-rich liquid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight：Selenium
Miberal powder 10-15 parts, humic acid 25-30 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5-10 parts, ammonium sulfate 5-10 parts, bacillus subtilis 15-20 parts,
Water 10-20 parts；The preparation method of the selenium-rich liquid is as follows：By selenium mineral powder, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium sulfate, bacillus subtilis and
Water is sealed by fermentation after mixing, and fermentation temperature is 35-38 DEG C, ferments 5-7 days, adds humic acid and be well mixed, and stands 1-2 days,
Selenium-rich liquid is made.The present invention utilizes fermentation of bacillus subtilis technology, makes the elemental selenium in selenium mineral powder under certain fermentation temperature
Occur biochemical reaction with microbial metabolic products, amino acid caused by fermentation, small peptide and polypeptide and selenium are closely linked life
Into seleno-amino acids, easily absorbed by passion fruit.
Above-mentioned technical proposal, preferably, in step (5), passion fruit begins to use drencher system to passion fruit from the florescence
Carry out increasing selenium, the drencher system daily working time is 4-8 hours, and 5-10 days before picking fruit, drencher system is stopped.
Above-mentioned technical proposal, preferably, during the florescence of passion fruit, drencher system works 4 hours daily；Passion fruit young fruit
During the phase, drencher system works 6 hours daily；During the fruit phase of expansion of passion fruit, drencher system works 8 hours daily.By examination
Issue after examination and approval now, since flowering period, the probability that the absorption for selenium is ultimately delivered in fruit starts to raise passion fruit, fragrant hundred
The fruit phase of expansion of fruit is, the then passion fruit longer in this drencher system working time in period to selenium absorptivity highest period
Fruit it is final selenium content it is higher, it is contemplated that Cost Problems, the present invention are carried out to drencher system working time in each period
Rational setting.
Above-mentioned technical proposal, preferably, in step (5), the cistern is provided with Chi Gai, and Chi Gai setting is avoided that
There is rainy day rain to be mixed into selenium-rich dilution, or fine day high temperature is exposed to the sun makes selenium-rich dilution evaporation loss.
Above-mentioned technical proposal, preferably, the height of the cascade wall is 2.5-3m.Cascade wall height is to combine passion fruit
The height of climbing frame is set, and the setting of certain proportion height between the two, selenium-rich dilution can be enable to fly away farther,
Selenium-rich dilution is set to cover to the passion fruit plant in whole greenhouse.
Beneficial effect：
1st, selenium-rich dilution is become water smoke using drencher system and floatd by this implantation methods by planting passion fruit in greenhouse
It is scattered in greenhouse, allows passion fruit plant and fruit directly to absorb selenium-rich water smoke, the selenium that can be effectively increased in passion fruit fruit contains
Amount.Drencher system is simple in construction, easy to operate, increases the duration length of selenium, can substantially reduce labor intensity, increase the efficiency of selenium very
It is high.Selenium-rich dilution is changed into water smoke by drencher system to fly away to greenhouse, can guarantee that the passion fruit in greenhouse can absorb
To selenium-rich dilution, it is ensured that the increasing selenium coverage rate of selenium-rich dilution reaches 100%.
2nd, passion fruit is in planting process, and main disease has base rot disease, mosaic disease, anthracnose, phytophthora root rot etc., with stem
Basal stem rot and anthracnose occur as more；Insect pest has the insects such as grub, aphid, drosophila, termite, chafer, coccid.The present invention's
Contained each component is by cooperating in insect prevention powder and insect prevention liquid, can effectively insect prevention diseases prevention, the nicotine in offal can press down
The germination and growth of the part germ spore of tea making leaf.The cauline leaf of yam bean contains rotenone as yam bean seed, and trifoliate jewelvine
Ketone is the active ingredient for killing each class pest, and the volatile oil contained in the terpene and eucalyptus leaves that contain in chinaberry is to passion fruit
Insect has deterrent and toxic action.The insect prevention powder of the present invention is just embedded to when passion fruit seedling is colonized, and can reduce pathogeny, worm
Ovum, the development of effective pest control, suppress egg hatch.Insect prevention liquid periodically sprinkles the germination and life that can suppress germ spore
It is long, prevent germ from invading plant, avoid disease, while can throw out or suppress or kill insect, ensure the normal growth of plant, together
When can reduce pollution of the chemical pesticide to soil and be enriched with passion fruit fruit.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of warmhouse booth and drencher system；
Fig. 2 is the connection top view of cistern and gutter in drencher system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit, are planted, the implantation methods comprise the following steps with warmhouse booth：
(1) seedling is selected：Select the passion fruit seedling of no pest and disease damage, height of seedling 30-50cm is standby；
(3) whole furrow field planting：Move towards to carry out whole furrow along warmhouse booth construction, the deep planting pits of 35-40cm, field planting are dug in furrow face
Decomposed manure is often spreaded manuer in holes in cave and composite fertilizer makees base manure, and decomposed manure and composite fertilizer are day conventional fertilizer, and weight ratio is 1：1,
Base manure is often spreaded manuer in holes base manure 5kg, and base manure is covered with the surface mellow soil dug out when digging cave, thickness 10-15cm, passion fruit seedling is placed on ripe
It is colonized on soil, every mu is colonized 40 plants；
(3) built draws climing：When passion fruit main stem grows to 40-50cm, climbing frame is set up, guides main stem restocking, it is described to climb
Climbing frame is the shelf of " people " font, and the height of climbing frame is arranged to 1.6m；
(4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
The preparation of insect prevention powder and insect prevention liquid：
1) 2kg yam beans stem and 4kg eucalyptus leaveses are cut into chunks shape, boiled with 24kg decocting, decocting time 20min, filtered,
Respectively obtain decoction liquor and filter residue；
2) filter residue in step 1) is dried, it is standby to be ground into filter residue powder, takes 2kg chinaberrys to be made powder standby, takes
It is standby that powder is made in 4kg offals；
3) filter residue powder, chinaberry powder, offal powder are well mixed, obtain mixed-powder, in 10kg mixed-powders
Middle addition 15kg methanol stirs, after standing 10min, supersonic oscillations 10min, ultrasonic power 500W, and temperature 20
DEG C, filtered after ultrasound, respectively obtain extract and mixed-powder residue, the drying of mixed-powder residue be can obtain into insect prevention powder
End；
4) extract made from decoction liquor made from step 1) and step 3) is well mixed, obtains insect prevention liquid, the extraction
It is 1 to take liquid and the mass ratio of decoction liquor：1.5；
The preventing and treating of specific pest and disease damage：
A, add in the base manure of step (2) after insect prevention powder is mixed thoroughly in applying planting pit together, applied per cave planting pit
The weight of insect prevention powder be 50g；B, start to spray insect prevention water after passion fruit is colonized 15 days, specific method is as follows：Take insect prevention
Liquid, insect prevention water is diluted to the water of 4 times of quality, insect prevention water is sprayed on passion fruit plant, being sprayed to plant has water drippage i.e.
Can, insect prevention water is sprayed weekly once, until 20 days before passion fruit harvesting stop sprinkling；
(5) selenium-rich method：Increasing selenium is carried out to passion fruit using drencher system；
Drencher system is set：As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, passion fruit climbing frame 8 is arranged in warmhouse booth, drencher system dress
Ceiling 9 located at warmhouse booth is with lower part；The drencher system includes cascade wall 1, cistern 2 (being provided with Chi Gai), diversion
Groove 3, water pump 4, pipeline 5, spray head 6 and negative-pressure air fan 7；The one side that the cascade wall 1 is installed in warmhouse booth replaces one side
Canopy wall, cascade wall 1 offer gutter 3 below, and gutter 3 connects with the cistern 2 outside cascade wall 1, and cistern 2 passes through pipeline
5 are connected with the spray head 6 at the top of cascade wall 1, and water pump 4 is provided with pipeline 5, is provided with the canopy wall relative with cascade wall 1
Negative-pressure air fan 7；The height of the cascade wall 1 is 2.8m；
Specific increasing selenium step is as follows：
A, the preparation of selenium-rich dilution：The selenium-rich liquid is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight：12 parts of selenium mineral powder, rotten plant
26 parts of acid, 7 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 8 parts of ammonium sulfate, 17 parts of bacillus subtilis, 13 parts of water；The preparation method of the selenium-rich liquid is such as
Under：After 1.2kg selenium mineral powders, 0.7kg potassium dihydrogen phosphates, 0.8kg ammonium sulfate, 1.7kg bacillus subtilises and 1.3kg water are mixed
Be sealed by fermentation 6 days, fermentation temperature is 36 DEG C, and 2.6kg humic acid is added after the completion of fermentation and is well mixed, and stands 2 days, system
Obtain selenium-rich liquid；The selenium mineral powder is selected from Hubei selenium peasants who dig gold's industry Science and Technology Ltd.；
By selenium-rich liquid and water using volume ratio as 1：110 stir, and obtain selenium-rich dilution；
B, deployed selenium-rich dilution is poured into the cistern 2 of drencher system, covers Chi Gai；
C, water pump 4 is opened, selenium-rich dilution is transported to spray head 6 by pipeline 5, and spray head 6 sprays selenium-rich dilution
Cascade is formed, negative-pressure air fan 7 is opened and carries out exhausting, caused by the selenium-rich dilution spraying that spray head 6 is sprayed and cascade wall 1
Selenium-rich dilution water smoke is distributed in warmhouse booth, and the fruit for seeking connections with passion fruit plant on climbing frame 8 and passion fruit can
To be directly absorbed to selenium-rich dilution, selenium-rich liquid so can be more effectively utilized, makes the Se content of passion fruit fruit higher；
D, the selenium-rich dilution flowed down from cascade wall 1 is entered in cistern 2 through gutter 3 by drainage, it is possible to recycles
Selenium-rich dilution, reduces cost；
At the florescence of passion fruit, drencher system works 4 hours daily；In passion fruit young fruit period, drencher system is daily
Work 6 hours；In the fruit phase of expansion of passion fruit, drencher system works 8 hours daily.
(6) other conventional field management.
Embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit, are planted, the implantation methods comprise the following steps with warmhouse booth：
(1) seedling is selected：Select the passion fruit seedling of no pest and disease damage, height of seedling 30-50cm is standby；
(2) whole furrow field planting：Move towards to carry out whole furrow along warmhouse booth construction, the deep planting pits of 35-40cm, field planting are dug in furrow face
Decomposed manure is often spreaded manuer in holes in cave and composite fertilizer makees base manure, and base manure is covered with the surface mellow soil dug out when digging cave, thickness 10-15cm,
Passion fruit seedling is placed on mellow soil and is colonized, every mu is colonized 50 plants；
(3) built draws climing：When passion fruit main stem grows to 40-50cm, climbing frame is set up, guides main stem restocking, it is described to climb
Climbing frame is the shelf of flat roof type, and the height of climbing frame is arranged to 1.7m；
(4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：
The preparation of insect prevention powder and insect prevention liquid：
1) 2kg yam beans stem and 3kg eucalyptus leaveses are cut into chunks shape, boiled with 25kg decocting, decocting time 30min, filtered,
Respectively obtain decoction liquor and filter residue；
2) filter residue in step 1) is dried, it is standby to be ground into filter residue powder, takes 1kg chinaberrys to be made powder standby, takes
It is standby that powder is made in 3kg offals；
3) filter residue powder, chinaberry powder, offal powder are well mixed, obtain mixed-powder, added in mixed-powder
The methanol for entering 1.5 times of weight stirs, after standing 15min, supersonic oscillations 8min, ultrasonic power 500W, and temperature 20
DEG C, filtered after ultrasound, extract and mixed-powder residue are respectively obtained, by mixed-powder residue drying to insect prevention powder；
4) extract made from decoction liquor made from step 1) and step 3) is well mixed, obtains insect prevention liquid, the extraction
It is 1 to take liquid and the mass ratio of decoction liquor：1；
The preventing and treating of specific pest and disease damage：
A, insect prevention powder is added in the base manure of step (2), the weight for the insect prevention powder applied per cave planting pit is 40g；
B, start to spray insect prevention water after passion fruit is colonized 10 days, specific method is as follows：Insect prevention liquid is taken, is diluted to the water of 5 times of quality
Insect prevention water, insect prevention water is sprayed on passion fruit plant, being sprayed to plant has water drippage, and insect prevention water carries out weekly sprinkling one
It is secondary, until 15 days before passion fruit harvesting stop sprinkling；
(5) selenium-rich method：Increasing selenium is carried out to passion fruit using drencher system, the drencher system is the same as embodiment 1；
Specific increasing selenium step is as follows：
A, the configuration of selenium-rich dilution：Commercially selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer, with water with 1：400 volume ratio dilution forms
Selenium-rich liquid, by selenium-rich liquid and water using volume ratio as 1：100 stir, and obtain selenium-rich dilution；The selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer be from
Anhui Yulong's new material Science and Technology Ltd. chooses；
B, deployed selenium-rich dilution is poured into the cistern 2 of drencher system；
C, water pump 4 is opened, selenium-rich dilution is transported to spray head 6 by pipeline 5, and spray head 6 sprays selenium-rich dilution
Cascade is formed, negative-pressure air fan 7 is opened and carries out exhausting, selenium-rich dilution water smoke disperses caused by the spraying of spray head 6 and cascade wall 1
Into warmhouse booth；
D, the selenium-rich dilution flowed down from cascade wall 1 is entered in cistern 2 through gutter 3 by drainage；
Passion fruit begins to use drencher system to carry out increasing selenium to passion fruit from the florescence, and the drencher system daily working time is
6 hours, 8 days before picking fruit, drencher system was stopped；
(6) other conventional field management.
Comparative example 1：From selenium-enriched organic fertilizer is bought on the market, fertilising is carried out to passion fruit using conventional fertilizer application method and increases selenium,
Pest control method is also to be sprayed using the chemical pesticide of routine, and other field planting management also use routine side
Method.
To plant 0.07 hectare as standard, it is a test period from field planting to harvesting, is entered with embodiment 1-2 and comparative example 1
Row plantation comparative analysis, the results are shown in Table 1.
The data of table 1 are analyzed, taken temperature from passion fruit per per mu yield, although embodiment 1-2 implantation methods, every mu is only planted
Plant 40-50 strains, and comparative example 1 plants 55 plants using every mu conventional of implantation methods, but passion fruit yield during harvesting differs
Less, in addition embodiment 1 yield it is higher than comparative example 1, illustrate that the implantation methods of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 become in planting density
Yield can't be reduced in the case of small, or even can be increased production.In terms of the average Se content of passion fruit, embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 are produced
The Se content of passion fruit planted the Se content of produced passion fruit using selenium-enriched fertilizer than tradition and be higher by more than 1 times, explanation
The method that the present invention using drencher system and selenium-rich liquid increase selenium is largely effective.In terms of the residual index of agriculture, because the present invention is straight
Connect the insect prevention liquid made using plant and insect prevention powder and integrated control is carried out to the pest and disease damage of passion fruit, in the growth of passion fruit
Do not spray chemical pesticide in journey, the agriculture of the so passion fruit of plantation out is residual negligible, and avoiding agriculture, residual to be enriched in hundred fragrant
In fruit, obtained passion fruit product is more healthy；And conventional method is prevented and treated pest and disease damage using chemical pesticide, every residual finger of agriculture
Mark is higher, and these agricultures are residual to be delivered in human body by food chain, the health of consumer is on the hazard.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, so it is not intended to limiting the invention, any this area skill
Art personnel, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, when a little modification and perfect, therefore the protection model of the present invention can be made
Enclose to work as and be defined by what claims were defined.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit, are planted, it is characterised in that the implantation methods include with warmhouse booth
Following steps：
(1) seedling is selected：Select the passion fruit seedling of no pest and disease damage, height of seedling 30-50cm is standby；
(2) whole furrow field planting：Move towards to carry out whole furrow along warmhouse booth construction, dig the deep planting pits of 35-40cm in furrow face, planting pit is every
Spread manuer in holes decomposed manure and composite fertilizer makees base manure, base manure is covered with the surface mellow soil dug out when digging cave, thickness 10-15cm, by hundred
Fragrant fruit seedling, which is placed on mellow soil, to be colonized, every mu of field planting 40-50 strain；
(3) built draws climing：When passion fruit main stem grows to 40-50cm, climbing frame is set up, guides main stem restocking, the climbing frame
Height be arranged to 1.5-1.7m；
(4) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：A, insect prevention powder is added in the base manure of step (2)；B, start after passion fruit is colonized 10-15 days
Insect prevention water is sprayed, specific method is as follows：Insect prevention liquid is taken, insect prevention water is diluted to the water of 3-5 times of quality, insect prevention water is sprayed on hundred
On fragrant fruit plant, being sprayed to plant has water drippage, and insect prevention water is sprayed weekly once, until before passion fruit harvesting
Stop sprinkling within 15-20 days；
The preparation method of the insect prevention powder and insect prevention liquid is as follows：
1) yam bean stem and eucalyptus leaves are cut into chunks shape, boiled with the 4-5 times of decocting measured, decocting time 20-30min, filtered, respectively
Obtain decoction liquor and filter residue；
2) filter residue in step 1) is dried, it is standby to be ground into filter residue powder, takes chinaberry to be made powder standby, takes offal to be made
Powder is standby；
3) filter residue powder, chinaberry powder, offal powder are well mixed, obtain mixed-powder, 1.5 are added in mixed-powder
The methanol of times weight stirs, after standing 10-15min, supersonic oscillations 8-10min, ultrasonic power 500W, and temperature 20
DEG C, filtered after ultrasound, respectively obtain extract and mixed-powder residue, the drying of mixed-powder residue be can obtain into insect prevention powder
End；
4) extract made from decoction liquor made from step 1) and step 3) is well mixed, obtains insect prevention liquid, the extract
Mass ratio with decoction liquor is 1：1-1.5；
(5) selenium-rich method：Increasing selenium is carried out to passion fruit using drencher system；
The drencher system includes cascade wall, cistern, gutter, water pump, pipeline, spray head and negative-pressure air fan；The cascade
The one side that wall is installed in warmhouse booth replaces a face canopy wall, offers gutter below cascade wall, gutter with outside cascade wall
Cistern connection, cistern is connected by pipeline with the spray head in cascade wall top portion, water pump is provided with pipeline, with cascade
Negative-pressure air fan is installed on the relative canopy wall of wall；
Specific increasing selenium step is as follows：
A, by selenium-rich liquid and water using volume ratio as 1：100-120 stirs, and obtains selenium-rich dilution；
B, deployed selenium-rich dilution is poured into the cistern of drencher system；
C, water pump is opened, selenium-rich dilution is sprayed to form cascade by selenium-rich dilution by Pipeline transport to spray head, spray head,
Open negative-pressure air fan and carry out exhausting, selenium-rich dilution forms water smoke and is distributed in warmhouse booth；
D, the selenium-rich dilution flowed down from cascade wall is drained in cistern through gutter, recycles selenium-rich dilution；
(6) other conventional field management.
2. the implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step (3), the climbing frame is
The shelf of flat roof type or " people " font.
3. the implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described to be colonized per cave in step (4)
The weight for the insect prevention powder spreaded manuer in holes is 40-50g.
4. the implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The insect prevention powder of step (4) and anti-
In the preparation method of worm liquid, the yam bean stem, eucalyptus leaves, chinaberry, the mass ratio of offal are 2-3：3-5：1-2：3-4.
5. the implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step (5), the selenium-rich liquid is
Selenium-enriched foliage fertilizer is with water with 1：400-600 volume ratio dilution forms.
6. the implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step (5), the selenium-rich liquid by
The raw material of following parts by weight is made：Selenium mineral powder 10-15 parts, humic acid 25-30 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5-10 parts, ammonium sulfate 5-
10 parts, bacillus subtilis 15-20 parts, water 10-20 parts；The preparation method of the selenium-rich liquid is as follows：By selenium mineral powder, biphosphate
Potassium, ammonium sulfate, bacillus subtilis and water mix after fermentation 5-7 days, add humic acid and are well mixed, and stand 1-2 days, are made
Selenium-rich liquid.
7. the implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step (5), passion fruit is from the florescence
Drencher system is begun to use to carry out increasing selenium to passion fruit, the drencher system daily working time is 4-8 hours, 5- before picking fruit
10 days, drencher system was stopped.
8. the implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that：During the florescence of passion fruit, cascade system
The daily work of system 4 hours；During passion fruit young fruit period, drencher system works 6 hours daily；During the fruit phase of expansion of passion fruit, water
Curtain system works 8 hours daily.
9. the implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step (5), the cistern is set
It is equipped with Chi Gai.
10. the implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that：The height of the cascade wall is
2.5-3m。
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| CN108464200A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-08-31 | 广西宜州天源绿佳农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of selenium-rich passion fruit |
| CN109892160A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-06-18 | 广西凭祥桂商现代农业投资有限公司 | A kind of introduction and cultivation method of Vietnam's passion fruit |
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Application publication date: 20171222 |