CN107484556B - The cultivation of six younger sister hickory chicks and field management method - Google Patents
The cultivation of six younger sister hickory chicks and field management method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107484556B CN107484556B CN201710911436.XA CN201710911436A CN107484556B CN 107484556 B CN107484556 B CN 107484556B CN 201710911436 A CN201710911436 A CN 201710911436A CN 107484556 B CN107484556 B CN 107484556B
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- 241000723418 Carya Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;potassium Chemical group [K].OP(O)(O)=O PJNZPQUBCPKICU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 241000488673 Morchella sextelata Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000221638 Morchella Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000235349 Ascomycota Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000221637 Morchellaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000221700 Pezizales Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013081 phylogenetic analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The cultivation of six younger sister hickory chicks (Morchella sextelata) and field management method apply phosphoric acid dihydro amine, humic acid and potash fertilizer mixed liquor 1~3 time this method comprises: 1) the cultural hypha stage per acre;2) former base differential period carries out 1~3 spun lacing and swashs;3) mushroom flower bud manages and protects the stage, and each canopy (film) opaco ventilation opening of opening is divulged information 3~5 times sooner or later, and the control soil moisture is lower than 15 DEG C, soil moisture 50~60%, air humidity 60~85%, 350~600ppm of gas concentration lwevel;4) young mushroom management phase opens canopy (film) opaco ventilation opening daytime, and control temperature of shed is no more than 25 DEG C, until first batch of mushroom harvesting terminates;5) compound fertilizer is sprayed after the harvesting of first batch of mushroom per acre, sugar and potash fertilizer mixed liquor 1~3 time, 5~7 days primary, continues the 2nd batch of former base of stimulation and breaks up.This method can promote six younger sister's hickory chick former bases to generate, and improve former base and young mushroom resistance, to improve six younger sister's hickory chick yield and qualities.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to agricultural biological technical fields, and in particular to the rare food of one kind, medicinal fungus field management method.
Background technique
Six younger sister hickory chicks (Morchella sextelata M.Kuo), trade name hickory chick or baked wheaten cake hickory chick.It is subordinate to
In Ascomycota (Ascomycota), discomycete (Discomycetes), Pezizale (Pezizales), Morchellaceae
(Morchellaceae), morchella (Morchella).For China's one of successful morchella species of domesticating and cultivating in recent years.
Wild species are mainly distributed on the soil burnt on the ground such as Yunnan Province of China, Sichuan, Tibet, Gansu and Los Angeles,U.S.2013
Year so far, the vast hickory chick fan of western China start to have carried out six younger sister hickory chicks a large amount of artificial growths attempt and
Industrialization development.However, due to the influence of climate condition and field planting management technology, yield low, quotient unstable always
Product value level is uneven.It is therefore proposed that a kind of six younger sister hickory chicks cultivation field management method for obtaining high yield and high-quality, is
One of the problem of urgently being researched and solved during current six younger sisters hickory chick industrialization development.
For this purpose, the present inventor is according to seminar for many years to the resource investigation of six younger sister hickory chicks, domesticating and cultivating research and complete
Ball hickory chick species diversity and Phylogenetic Analysis (Zhao Qi etc., 2009, Du et al.2012a, b, 2014,2016a, b),
It is proposed the present invention.Six younger sister's hickory chick former bases can be promoted to produce using the field management method that six younger sisters hickory chick of the present invention is cultivated
It is raw, former base and young mushroom resistance are improved, to improve six younger sister's hickory chick yield and qualities.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the field management methods of six younger sister hickory chicks cultivation.Using this method to cultivation after
Six younger sister hickory chicks are managed, and solve soil moisture in field management process and keep difficult, oxygen supply deficiency, former base generation
Less, the problems such as former base and young mushroom resistance are poor, finished product mushroom appearance is plain, poor quality, improves the economic benefit of the producer.
Above-mentioned purpose of the invention is realized by following technical solutions:
The cultivation of six younger sister hickory chicks and field management method, in this method comprises:
1) the cultural hypha stage applies 2~5kg of phosphoric acid dihydro amine, 5~15kg of humic acid and 1~5kg of potash fertilizer mixing per acre
Liquid 1~3 time, the control soil moisture is lower than 20 DEG C, soil moisture 55~65%, air humidity 60~85%, gas concentration lwevel
350~600ppm, 50~100LX of intensity of illumination.
2) former base differential period carries out 2~4 spun lacings and swashs, presses 0.5~2kg/h ˙ m with trickle irrigation every time2Continuous pouring 10~
40h, every 7~10 days primary, and the control soil moisture is 8~15 DEG C, soil moisture 45~55%, air humidity 60~85%, two
Aoxidize 350~600ppm of concentration of carbon, 100~200LX of intensity of illumination.
3) mushroom flower bud manages and protects the stage, and each canopy (film) opaco ventilation opening of opening is divulged information 3~5 times sooner or later, every time 10~50min,
Control the soil moisture be lower than 15 DEG C, soil moisture 50~60%, air humidity 60~85%, gas concentration lwevel 350~
600ppm, 100~250LX of intensity of illumination.
4) young mushroom management phase, daytime open canopy (film) opaco ventilation opening, keep in canopy air themperature at 15~22 DEG C,
The soil moisture is lower than 15 DEG C, soil moisture 60~65%, air humidity 80~95%, 400~700ppm of gas concentration lwevel, light
It according to 400~5000LX of intensity, controls temperature of shed and is no more than 25 DEG C, until first batch of mushroom harvesting terminates.
5) compound fertilizer (nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=15:15:15) 5~10kg, 1~5kg of sugar is sprayed per acre after first batch of mushroom harvesting
With 1~5kg of potash fertilizer mixed liquor 1~3 time, every 5~10 days are primary.
The present invention provides a kind of field management method for the six younger sister hickory chicks cultivation that repeatability is high, is easily managed, this method
Six younger sister's hickory chick former bases can be promoted to generate, improve its former base and young mushroom resistance, and finished product mushroom appearance and quality can be improved.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, invention is further explained, but embodiment is merely to illustrate, and can not limit
The scope of the invention processed.
Embodiment 1:
It sequentially includes the following steps:
1) the cultural hypha stage has cultivated in the soil of six younger sister hickory chicks per acre and has applied humic acid 5kg, phosphoric acid dihydro amine
2kg and potassium chloride 1kg mixed liquor 3 times, the control soil moisture are 18~20 DEG C, soil moisture 45~55%, air humidity 60~
85%, 350~600ppm of gas concentration lwevel, 50~100LX of intensity of illumination.
2) former base differential period carries out 3 spun lacings and swashs, presses 0.5kg/h ˙ m with trickle irrigation every time2Continuous pouring 20h, every 10 days
Once, the control soil moisture is 8~15 DEG C, soil moisture 45~55%, air humidity 60~85%, gas concentration lwevel 350
~600ppm, 100~200LX of intensity of illumination.
3) mushroom flower bud manages and protects the stage, and each canopy (film) opaco ventilation opening of opening is divulged information 3 times, each 40min sooner or later, controls soil
Temperature is lower than 15 DEG C, soil moisture 50~60%, air humidity 60~85%, 350~600ppm of gas concentration lwevel, and illumination is strong
Spend 100~250LX.
4) young mushroom management phase, daytime open canopy (film) opaco ventilation opening, keep in canopy air themperature at 15~22 DEG C,
The soil moisture is lower than 15 DEG C, soil moisture 60~65%, air humidity 80~95%, 400~700ppm of gas concentration lwevel, light
It according to 400~5000LX of intensity, controls temperature of shed and is no more than 25 DEG C, until first batch of mushroom harvesting terminates.
5) compound fertilizer (nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=15:15:15) 5kg, glucose 1kg and chlorine is sprayed per acre after first batch of mushroom harvesting
Change potassium 2kg mixed liquor 2 times, every 10 days primary.
Embodiment 2:
It sequentially includes the following steps:
1) the cultural hypha stage has cultivated in the soil of six younger sister hickory chicks per acre and has applied humic acid 5kg, phosphoric acid dihydro amine
5kg and potassium chloride 1kg mixed liquor 1 time;And controlling the soil moisture is 18~20 DEG C, soil moisture 45~55%, air humidity 60
~85%, 350~600ppm of gas concentration lwevel, 50~100LX of intensity of illumination.
2) former base differential period carries out 3 spun lacings and swashs, presses 1kg/h ˙ m with trickle irrigation every time2Continuous pouring 19h, every 10 days one
It is secondary;Controlling the soil moisture is 8~15 DEG C, soil moisture 45~55%, air humidity 60~85%, gas concentration lwevel 350~
600ppm, 100~200LX of intensity of illumination.
3) mushroom flower bud manages and protects the stage, and each canopy (film) opaco ventilation opening of opening is divulged information 5 times, each 30min sooner or later, controls soil
Temperature is lower than 15 DEG C, soil moisture 50~60%, air humidity 60~85%, 350~600ppm of gas concentration lwevel, and illumination is strong
Spend 100~250LX.
4) young mushroom management phase, daytime open canopy (film) opaco ventilation opening, keep in canopy air themperature at 15~22 DEG C,
The soil moisture is lower than 15 DEG C, soil moisture 60~65%, air humidity 80~95%, 400~700ppm of gas concentration lwevel, light
It according to 400~5000LX of intensity, controls temperature of shed and is no more than 25 DEG C, until first batch of mushroom harvesting terminates.
5) compound fertilizer (nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=15:15:15) 5kg, sucrose 2kg and chlorination is sprayed per acre after first batch of mushroom harvesting
Potassium 1kg mixed liquor 2 times, every 7 days primary.
Embodiment 3:
It sequentially includes the following steps:
1) the cultural hypha stage has cultivated in the soil of six younger sister hickory chicks per acre and has applied humic acid 10kg, phosphoric acid dihydro amine
5kg and potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1kg mixed liquor 1 time;Controlling the soil moisture is 18~20 DEG C, soil moisture 45~55%, air humidity
60~85%, 350~600ppm of gas concentration lwevel, 50~100LX of intensity of illumination.
2) former base differential period carries out 2 spun lacings and swashs, presses 2kg/h ˙ m with trickle irrigation every time2Continuous pouring 12h, every 10 days one
It is secondary;Controlling the soil moisture is 8~15 DEG C, soil moisture 45~55%, air humidity 60~85%, gas concentration lwevel 350~
600ppm, 100~200LX of intensity of illumination.
3) mushroom flower bud manages and protects the stage, and each canopy (film) opaco ventilation opening of opening is divulged information 5 times, each 20min sooner or later, controls soil
Temperature is lower than 15 DEG C, soil moisture 50~60%, air humidity 60~85%, 350~600ppm of gas concentration lwevel, and illumination is strong
Spend 100~250LX.
4) young mushroom management phase, daytime open canopy (film) opaco ventilation opening, keep in canopy air themperature at 15~22 DEG C,
The soil moisture is lower than 15 DEG C, soil moisture 60~65%, air humidity 80~95%, 400~600ppm of gas concentration lwevel, light
It according to 400~5000LX of intensity, controls temperature of shed and is no more than 25 DEG C, until first batch of mushroom harvesting terminates.
5) compound fertilizer (nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=15:15:15) 5kg, sucrose 1kg and phosphoric acid is sprayed per acre after first batch of mushroom harvesting
Potassium dihydrogen 2kg mixed liquor 3 times, every 5 days primary.
Claims (8)
1. cultivation and the field management method of six younger sister hickory chicks, it is characterised in that this method comprises: 1) the cultural hypha stage, per acre
2~5kg of phosphoric acid dihydro amine, 5~15kg of humic acid and 1~5kg of potash fertilizer mixed liquor 1~3 time are applied, the control soil moisture is lower than 20
DEG C, soil moisture 55~65%, air humidity 60~85%, 350~600ppm of gas concentration lwevel, intensity of illumination 50~
100LX;2) former base differential period carries out 1~4 spun lacing and swashs, and the control soil moisture is 8~15 DEG C, soil moisture 45~55%,
Air humidity 60~85%, 350~600ppm of gas concentration lwevel, 100~200LX of intensity of illumination;3) mushroom flower bud manages and protects the stage, early
Late respectively to open canopy or the ventilation of film opaco ventilation opening 3~5 times, the control soil moisture is lower than 15 DEG C, soil moisture 50~60%, sky
Air humidity degree 60~85%, 350~600ppm of gas concentration lwevel, 100~250LX of intensity of illumination;4) young mushroom management phase, daytime
Canopy or film opaco ventilation opening are opened, air themperature is at 15~22 DEG C in holding canopy, and the soil moisture is lower than 15 DEG C, soil moisture 60
~65%, air humidity 80~95%, 400~700ppm of gas concentration lwevel, 400~5000LX of intensity of illumination, until first
Stubble mushroom harvesting terminates;5) compound fertilizer, sugar and potash fertilizer mixed liquor 1~3 time are sprayed after the harvesting of first batch of mushroom.
2. cultivation and the field management method of six younger sisters hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the mycelia training
The stage of supporting, mixed humic acid, phosphoric acid dihydro amine and the potash fertilizer mixed liquor applied was 7~10 days primary.
3. cultivation and the field management method of six younger sisters hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the spun lacing
The method of swashing are as follows: press 0.5~2kg/h ˙ m with trickle irrigation every time210~40h of continuous pouring.
4. cultivation and the field management method of six younger sisters hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the mushroom flower bud pipe
The shield stage, each unlatching canopy or film opaco ventilation opening were divulged information 3~5 times sooner or later, every time 10~40min.
5. cultivation and the field management method of six younger sisters hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described first batch
5~10kg of compound fertilizer, 1~5kg of sugar and potash fertilizer 1~5kg mixed liquor are sprayed after mushroom harvesting per acre, every 5~7 days primary.
6. cultivation and the field management method of six younger sisters hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the potash fertilizer is
Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate or potassium chloride.
7. cultivation and the field management method of six younger sisters hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the sugar is Portugal
Grape sugar, barley-sugar or sucrose.
8. cultivation and the field management method of six younger sisters hickory chick according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the compound fertilizer
Middle nitrogen: phosphorus: potassium=15: 15: 15.
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Families Citing this family (4)
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CN109496682A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-03-22 | 湖南金芙农业科技有限公司 | A kind of production method of hickory chick |
CN110612855A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-12-27 | 管俊林 | Technology for promoting growth of morchella through high-voltage static electricity |
CN112997801A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-06-22 | 上海市农业科学院 | Yield increasing agent for increasing yield of morchella and application thereof |
CN113615476A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-09 | 中国科学院昆明植物研究所 | Cultivation method of morchella |
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