CN107417396A - A kind of multifunctional greening plantation layer additive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of multifunctional greening plantation layer additive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107417396A CN107417396A CN201710647472.XA CN201710647472A CN107417396A CN 107417396 A CN107417396 A CN 107417396A CN 201710647472 A CN201710647472 A CN 201710647472A CN 107417396 A CN107417396 A CN 107417396A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/04—Double-superphosphate; Triple-superphosphate; Other fertilisers based essentially on monocalcium phosphate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/90—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity for affecting the nitrification of ammonium compounds or urea in the soil
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
A kind of multifunctional greening plantation layer soil additive, mainly forms novel ecological crystal gel by soil conditioner, inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizer, biological mix bacterium agent mixing match, granulating composition is carried out again by oscillator or sieve.In the plantation layer of greening structure layer, traditional plantation layer soil additive is substituted, can be when irrigation volume to be more, water swelling becomes big storage excessive moisture；In arid, moisturizing is supplied water to be used for plant, is so absorbed and is discharged repeatedly；The nutrition needed for plant growth is provided, the good growth of plant can be ensured by being not required to add other fertilizer；Toxic and harmful gas in air can be adsorbed, purifies air quality；The porousness of soil can also be improved to a certain extent, kept soil from packing together.The architecture greenings such as roof, the seasons in the sun Room, ecological bridge are can apply to, while can be also widely applied to floriculture at home, container nursery, transplanting big tree, alkaline land improving etc..
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of multifunctional greening plantation layer additive and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
In the last few years, rain is met flooded to evolve as the chronic illness of China big and medium-sized cities.Asked effectively to solve urban water safety
Topic, development of enhancing harmony between man and nature, " sponge city " this theory exist from December, 2013《Central urbanization work meeting
View》On formally proposed.
In existing technology, the field in plantation layer typically use field is native, or raw-soil etc., fill animal wastes, plant ash,
The mixing such as weeds, leaf chaff, perlite, frog stone increase soil fertility is shredded, mitigates load.Soil thickness is depending on plant.Pass
The soil additive of system has many weak points, as haydite can keep moisture not have nutrition but, need to add certain fertilizer
It just can guarantee that the good growth of plant；Perlite is the mineral matter formed by siliceous volcanic, has and closes close born of the same parents' columnar structure, is had
There is the characteristics of good permeability, water content is moderate, but easily show low intensity in the later stage, pliability is poor, unstable, and frangible rapid wear lacks
Fall into；Vermiculite is mica mineral, has good resiliency, and it can be soilless culture by magnesium and potassium that flowers utilize to contain
Excellent substrates, shortcoming can be changed with long physical state, and ventilating drainage can reduce.All reflect to a certain extent existing
The weak point of some soil additives.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to be directed to prior art problem, there is provided a kind of multifunctional greening plantation layer additive and its system
Preparation Method.
Technical solution of the present invention is：
A kind of multifunctional greening plantation layer additive, the plantation layer additive is including in parts by weight with the following group
Point：
Soil conditioner 55-70 parts, inorganic fertilizer 15-30 parts, organic fertilizer 5-10 parts, biological mix bacterium agent 5-10 parts.
Preferably, described soil conditioner includes following raw material components in parts by weight：
Sodium carboxymethyl starch-polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked liquid 50-65 parts, sodium benzoate 0.25-1 parts, zeolite powder 2-5 parts, poly- third
Olefin(e) acid potassium 5-15 parts.
It is further preferred that described sodium carboxymethyl starch-polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked liquid be include in parts by weight with
Lower raw material components：
Polyvinyl alcohol 5-8 parts, deionized water 90-93 parts, sodium carboxymethyl starch 2-3 parts, silicone emulsion 0.1-0.5 parts, sulphur
Change lignin 0.1-0.5 parts, sodium hypochlorite 0.1-0.3 parts.
Preferably, the inorganic fertilizer is to include following components in parts by weight：
Nitrogenous fertilizer 20-50 parts, phosphate fertilizer 15-30 parts, potash fertilizer 3-20 parts, micro- 3-8 parts；
The nitrogenous fertilizer is one or more of combinations in urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate；
The phosphate fertilizer is one or more of combinations in double superhosphate, calcium superphosphate, calcium phosphate；
The potash fertilizer is one or more of combinations in potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride；
The trace element is one or more of combinations of copper, iron, manganese, zinc.
Preferably, the biological mix bacterium agent includes following components in parts by weight：
Humic acid 23-46 parts, urease inhibitor 15-45 parts, cyanamide 9-27 parts, photosynthetic bacteria 3.2-6.4 parts, tetramethrin
0.2-0.7 parts, brassin lactones 2.1-6.3 parts, poly- propylhomoserin 0.3-0.9 parts.
It is further preferred that the urease inhibitor is using provided in Chinese patent ZL201310371946.4
Urease inhibitor composition；The photosynthetic bacteria includes Green color rhodopseudomonas or class rhodopseudomonas spheroid or Rhodopseudomonas palustris
Or its combination.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer is formed by the fermentation of raw material plant, and the raw material plant is Eichhornia crassipes, duckweed, water peanut
One or more of which.
The described multifunctional greening preparation method of plantation layer additive, the described method comprises the following steps：
Step 1：The raw material plant of organic matter fertilizer is air-dried and crushed, obtains organic matter powder；
Step 2：Fermenting agent and Chicken Manure Compost are added in the organic matter powder, heap fermentation vat after being well mixed, hair
Ferment, obtain organic fertilizer；
Step 3：Organic fertilizer mix made from inorganic fertilizer and step 2 is uniform, and hot-air seasoning is obtained compound with removing moisture
Fertilizer；
Step 4：Pva powder, it is added in deionized water, continues to be heated to 96-100 DEG C and start to react, Deng Daoju
Vinyl alcohol stops heating after being completely dissolved, and continues stirring and ensures that it is in molten condition, then adds sodium carboxymethyl starch, then according to
Secondary addition silicone emulsion, lignosulfonate, sodium hypochlorite, are warming up to 90-95 DEG C, accelerate stirring reaction 1-1.5h, stop heating
And continue to stir 12-15min, obtain sodium carboxymethyl starch-polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked liquid, sodium carboxymethyl starch-poly- second after cooling
Sodium benzoate is added in enol crosslinked fluid, zeolite powder, polyacrylic acid potassium, obtains soil conditioner；
Step 5：Composite fertilizer made from soil conditioner, biological mix bacterium agent and step 3 is stirred at same direction,
Reaction takes place after being heated to 85-90 DEG C, accelerating stirring, heating stops after all kinds of added materials are completely dissolved disappearance,
Continue to stir 12-15min, cooling in temperature-fall period；
Step 6：Granulated again by oscillator or sieve, you can obtain multifunctional greening plantation layer addition
Agent.
Preferably, step 1 organic matter powder the maximum particle diameter 0.5-0.6mm, average grain diameter 0.1-0.2mm.
Preferably, step 2 Chicken Manure Compost accounts for gross weight 10~15%, and the condition of fermentation is：35-55 DEG C of temperature, when
Between 25-30 days, humidity 55%-60%.
Preferably, the step 1 fermentation concrete operations are that organic fertilizer humidity is maintained at 50~60%, 35-55 DEG C of temperature, when
Between between 25-30 days, and the mixture is piled into high 20~30cm, 70~80cm of length and width rectangle heap, 20 is pressed on heap face
~25cm distance beats 1.5~2cm of diameter hole toward heap bottom, covers a film, carries out fermentation of accelerating the ripening.
Preferably, the humidity of step 3 composite fertilizer is maintained at 50~60%.
Preferably, the humidity of step 4 soil conditioner is maintained at 40~50%, and temperature is maintained at 35-55 DEG C.Soil
Modifying agent first produces biology, chemical action to soil, so as to be improved, promotes biological mix bacterium agent fast breeding, accelerates to have
Machine fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer decompose release.
Beneficial effect of the present invention：
1st, plantation layer of the present invention adds soil improvement oxidant layer, quantitative organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer layer, biology mixing
The gel media that microbial inoculum mixes, it is good to acid-alkali salt condition patience, have granule strength height, stable performance, light weight cleaning,
Draining is ventilative, fertility can quantify the advantages that controlling, and can both ensure the landscape effect of plant, and and can is the development of root system of plant
Good space is provided.The architecture greenings such as roof, the seasons in the sun Room, ecological bridge are mainly used in, can be also widely applied to simultaneously
Floriculture at home, container nursery, transplanting big tree, alkaline land improving etc..
2nd, multifunctional greening plantation layer additive, can solve traditional soil additive and not have nutrition, low intensity, soft
Poor toughness, it is unstable, the defects of frangible rapid wear.Wherein soil conditioner can water-absorbing-retaining, water absorbent rate 205.32%, can inhale
Waste gas in attached air；Crushed by using inorganic fertilizer and Eichhornia crassipes, duckweed, water peanut one or more of which made from fermentation
Organic materials fully matches mixing, forms composite fertilizer, the re-using of slack resources is reached with this, improves the utilization rate of resource
And conversion ratio.Contain more balanced n-p-k element in composite fertilizer, be dissolved in after the soil liquid to be obviously improved in soil and dissociate
The content of state zwitterion, and the increase of ion concentration not only changes the ion exchange property of the soil body in itself, strengthens its water suction
Moisture holding capacity, and largely change the COMMUNITY CHARACTERISTICS of the biology and microorganism in soil in environment, soil pair
The absorption of moisture keeps therefore being enhanced, and is eventually exhibited as the increase of specific retesion of soil；Biological mix bacterium agent is utilized simultaneously
Characteristic and interaction, long-acting promotion beneficial microbe breeding, produce abundant metabolite isoreactivity material, can also promote fertilizer
Material decomposes, and improves utilization rate of fertilizer comprehensively, the final growth for promoting green plants, can be provided to a certain extent to plant foster
Point, some moisture can be kept, again can chesson at any time, keep soil from packing together, used for vegetable layer plant.
3rd, multifunctional greening adds plantation layer soil with plantation layer additive in plantation layer gross mass 8%-15% ratio
In, avoid excessively concentrating.Provide necessary nutrient for soil, purify air quality, when irrigation volume is more its expansion reach
The effect of chesson.
4th, the present invention using sodium carboxymethyl starch-polyvinyl alcohol as main body raw material, by pva powder, deionized water,
Sodium carboxymethyl starch, silicone emulsion, lignosulfonate, sodium hypochlorite match composition novel ecological crystal gel, surface in proportion
Structure is mainly reflected in stacked sheet distribution, and molecular structure is loose, is advantageous to the stretching, extension of network structure, can be in larger journey
The specific surface area of material is added on degree, promotes more hydrophilic radicals rapidly and sufficiently and contact with moisture, increase entirety is inhaled
Water-based energy.And nonpoisonous and tasteless, non-corrosiveness, easily absorb, hydrogel is swelled into after water breakthrough rapidly, gel strength is big, water suction times
Rate is high, absorption speed is fast, water retention property is good, has water absorbing properties repeatedly, and water suction dehydration can all improve loosing soil journey simultaneously
Degree, molecular structure puffing, intermolecular and intramolecular warm-up movement aggravation, network structure start slowly to stretch, extended, increase water suction
Area, improve water absorbent rate；And the waste gas in adsorbable air, have it is convenient, stably, environmental protection, the characteristics of cost is cheap.
5th, proportioning adds waste gas (such as flue gas, ammonia, CO in the adsorbable air of zeolite powder2Deng), by part carbon in biomass
Element is fixed in soil, so as to form carbon base in soil inert fraction, is able to store and is remained in soil, forms soil carbon sink.
The form and migratory behaviour of heavy metal in soil can also be significantly affected in addition, and the acid that charcoal can reduce Pb, Cd in soil can
State content is extracted, thus reduces the biological effectiveness of heavy metal, heavy metal shows good fixed effect.Change after absorption
For the nutrient needed for plant, the effect for purifying air is played.
6th, the anti-degradation property of soil improvement oxidant layer made by the application is strong, can be long-term use of, and specific degradation data is 10d
5.12%, 120d of degraded degradeds 12.13%, reason are probably soil conditioner by prolonged native Reel solution immersion, process
After water swelling, internal networking structure starts elongation and extended, and chemical substance and microorganism etc. start to produce it in work in soil
With gradually change soil conditioner internal structure so that the degree of cross linking of soil conditioner diminishes, and deformation tendency becomes big, destroys
Material internal network structure, there occurs degraded to a certain extent, but with the extension of time, material internal structure change becomes
In stabilization, soil external environment condition may be more and more weaker to the influence of coated fertilizer, and therefore, anti-degradation capability is stronger.
Described organic fertilizer, raw material resources are rich and easy to get, and easily procreation, are suitable as crops and other plant is organic
Fertilizer composting raw material.Not only operation is simple, while turning waste into wealth, also reduces production cost.
Described biological mix bacterium agent, be with ammonium humate, coordinate urease inhibitor, ammonia stabilizer, then be aided with insecticide,
Plant production accelerator is formulated, and makes graininess controlled availability fertilizer synergist.Promote manure digestion, reach comprehensive auxiliary improvement
Effect.Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium utilization rate 20% or so can be improved comprehensively, and saved chemical fertilizer reduces pollution of the chemical fertilizer to environment again.
It is that useful life is more permanent, effect is more notable.
7th, convenience of the invention, lightweight, stably, environmentally friendly, cost is cheap.
8th, additive of the invention, the use of bactericide can be reduced during planting plants；Soil pH value can quickly be improved；It can carry
High soil organic matter content, while bamboo powder can improve soil granular structure under soil conditioner, the effect of biological mix bacterium agent, carry
High soil organic carbon, beneficial to the formation of soil agreegate, larger porosity and specific surface area are formed, reduce soil and hold
Weight, increase soil aeration and water-holding capacity.Biological mix bacterium agent can adsorb soil organic molecule, be promoted by superficial catalytic activation
Enter small organic molecule to polymerize to form the soil organism.Charcoal is transformed into by humus united by microbial action, beneficial to corruption
Grow the formation of matter carbon.There is the basic body of charcoal exhibiting high surface negative electrical charge and high charge density can strengthen soil ion
The absorption of exchange capacity and increase to nutrient in soil, drastically increases the adsorption capacity and nutrient availability of nutrient, subtracts
Few Nutrient Leaching, improves fertilizer nutrient utilization.Microorganism species can accelerate the decomposition and inversion of soil organic matter, increase soil
Organic nutrient and fertility.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is schematic structural view of the invention.
In figure：Soil conditioner 1, inorganic fertilizer 2, organic fertilizer 3, biological mix bacterium agent 4, vegetable layer 5, layer 6 is planted, soil adds
Add agent 7.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, but the scope of protection of present invention is not limited to implement
The scope of example statement.
Embodiment 1
A kind of multifunctional greening plantation layer additive, the plantation layer additive is including in parts by weight with the following group
Point：
55 parts of soil conditioner, 15 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 5 parts of organic fertilizer, biological 5 parts of mix bacterium agent.
Preferably, described soil conditioner includes following raw material components in parts by weight：
Sodium carboxymethyl starch -50 parts of polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked liquid, 1 part of sodium benzoate, 5 parts of zeolite powder, 5 parts of polyacrylic acid potassium.
Described sodium carboxymethyl starch-polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked liquid is to include following raw material components in parts by weight：
5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 90 parts of deionized water, 2 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 0.1 part of silicone emulsion, lignosulfonate 0.1
Part, 0.1 part of sodium hypochlorite.
The inorganic fertilizer is to include following components in parts by weight：
Nitrogenous fertilizer 20-50 parts, phosphate fertilizer 15-30 parts, potash fertilizer 3-20 parts, micro- 3-8 parts；
The nitrogenous fertilizer is urea；
The phosphate fertilizer is double superhosphate；
The potash fertilizer is potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
The trace element is one or more of combinations of copper, iron, manganese, zinc.
The biological mix bacterium agent includes following components in parts by weight：
41 parts of humic acid, 31 parts of urease inhibitor, 27 parts of cyanamide, 5.4 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 0.7 part of tetramethrin, in brassin
6.3 parts of ester, poly- 0.3 part of propylhomoserin.
The urease inhibitor is using the urease inhibitor group provided in Chinese patent ZL201310371946.4
Compound；The photosynthetic bacteria includes Green color rhodopseudomonas.
The organic fertilizer is formed by the fermentation of raw material plant, and the raw material plant is Eichhornia crassipes.
The described multifunctional greening preparation method of plantation layer additive, the described method comprises the following steps：
Step 1：The raw material plant of organic matter fertilizer is air-dried and crushed, obtains organic matter powder；
Step 2：Fermenting agent and Chicken Manure Compost are added in the organic matter powder, heap fermentation vat after being well mixed, hair
Ferment, obtain organic fertilizer；
Step 3：Organic fertilizer mix made from inorganic fertilizer and step 2 is uniform, and hot-air seasoning is obtained compound with removing moisture
Fertilizer；
Step 4：Pva powder, it is added in deionized water, continues to be heated to 96 DEG C and start to react, when polyethylene
Alcohol stops heating after being completely dissolved, and continues stirring and ensures that it is in molten condition, then adds sodium carboxymethyl starch, then add successively
Enter silicone emulsion, lignosulfonate, sodium hypochlorite, be warming up to 90 DEG C, accelerate stirring reaction 1.5h, stop heating and continue to stir
15min, sodium carboxymethyl starch-polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked liquid is obtained after cooling, is added in sodium carboxymethyl starch-polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked liquid
Enter sodium benzoate, zeolite powder, polyacrylic acid potassium, obtain soil conditioner；
Step 5：Composite fertilizer made from soil conditioner, biological mix bacterium agent and step 3 is stirred at same direction,
Reaction takes place after being heated to 90 DEG C, accelerating stirring, heating stops after all kinds of added materials are completely dissolved disappearance, cooling
During continue stir 15min, it is to be cooled；
Step 6：Granulated again by oscillator or sieve, you can obtain multifunctional greening plantation layer addition
Agent.
Preferably, the step 1 Eichhornia crassipes powder diameter is 0.3mm
Preferably, step 2 Chicken Manure Compost accounts for gross weight 10%, and the condition of fermentation is：Temperature 45 C, 25 days time,
Humidity 55%.
Preferably, the step 1 fermentation concrete operations are that organic fertilizer humidity is maintained at 55%, 35 DEG C of temperature, 25 days time,
And the mixture is piled into high 20cm, length and width 70cm rectangle heap, diameter is beaten toward heap bottom by 20cm distance on heap face
1.5cm hole, a film is covered, carries out fermentation of accelerating the ripening.
Preferably, the humidity of step 3 composite fertilizer is maintained at 55%.
Preferably, the humidity of step 4 soil conditioner is maintained at 45%, and temperature is maintained at 35 DEG C.
It is used for floriculture at home with above-mentioned additive, including step is as follows：Take in cell that fresh soil is a certain amount of to be placed in vase, root
This soil additive is added into plantation layer soil by the 8% of its quality according to obtained soil additive, avoids excessively concentrating.Institute
The flowers for needing to plant insert.By partial insertions such as the roots, stem, leaf of plant wherein, plant can survive naturally, no for selection
Any fertilizer need to be added, without watering daily.
Embodiment 2
A kind of multifunctional greening plantation layer additive, the plantation layer additive is including in parts by weight with the following group
Point：
70 parts of soil conditioner, 15 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 8 parts of organic fertilizer, biological 8 parts of mix bacterium agent.
Preferably, described soil conditioner includes following raw material components in parts by weight：
Sodium carboxymethyl starch -55 parts of polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked liquid, 0.75 part of sodium benzoate, 4 parts of zeolite powder, polyacrylic acid potassium 12
Part.
It is further preferred that described sodium carboxymethyl starch-polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked liquid be include in parts by weight with
Lower raw material components：
7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 92 parts of deionized water, 2.5 parts of sodium carboxymethyl starch, 0.3 part of silicone emulsion, lignosulfonate
0.4 part, 0.2 part of sodium hypochlorite.
Preferably, the inorganic fertilizer is to include following components in parts by weight：
30 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 18 parts of phosphate fertilizer, 15 parts of potash fertilizer, 6 parts of trace element；
The nitrogenous fertilizer is ammonium sulfate；
The phosphate fertilizer is calcium superphosphate；
The potash fertilizer is potassium chloride；
The trace element is one or more of combinations of copper, iron, manganese, zinc.
Preferably, the biological mix bacterium agent includes following components in parts by weight：
34 parts of humic acid, 25 parts of urease inhibitor, 24 parts of cyanamide, 4.5 parts of photosynthetic bacteria, 0.4 part of tetramethrin, in brassin
5.2 parts of ester, poly- 0.4 part of propylhomoserin.
It is further preferred that the urease inhibitor is using provided in Chinese patent ZL201310371946.4
Urease inhibitor composition；The photosynthetic bacteria includes Rhodopseudomonas palustris.
Preferably, the organic fertilizer is formed by the fermentation of raw material plant, and the raw material plant is water peanut.
The described multifunctional greening preparation method of plantation layer additive, the described method comprises the following steps：
Step 1：The raw material plant of organic matter fertilizer is air-dried and crushed, obtains organic matter powder；
Step 2：Fermenting agent and Chicken Manure Compost are added in the organic matter powder, heap fermentation vat after being well mixed, hair
Ferment, obtain organic fertilizer；
Step 3：Organic fertilizer mix made from inorganic fertilizer and step 2 is uniform, and hot-air seasoning is obtained compound with removing moisture
Fertilizer；
Step 4：Pva powder, it is added in deionized water, continues to be heated to 100 DEG C and start to react, when poly- second
Enol stops heating after being completely dissolved, and continues stirring and ensures that it is in molten condition, then adds sodium carboxymethyl starch, then successively
Silicone emulsion, lignosulfonate, sodium hypochlorite are added, is warming up to 95 DEG C, accelerates stirring reaction 1.5h, stops heating and continues to stir
15min is mixed, is to obtain sodium carboxymethyl starch-polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked liquid after cooling, in sodium carboxymethyl starch-polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked liquid
Sodium benzoate is added, zeolite powder, polyacrylic acid potassium, obtains soil conditioner；
Step 5：Composite fertilizer made from soil conditioner, biological mix bacterium agent and step 3 is stirred at same direction,
Reaction takes place after being heated to 90 DEG C, accelerating stirring, heating stops after all kinds of added materials are completely dissolved disappearance, cooling
During continue stir 12min, cooling；
Step 6：Granulated again by oscillator or sieve, you can obtain multifunctional greening plantation layer addition
Agent.
Preferably, step 1 organic matter powder the maximum particle diameter 0.5mm, average grain diameter 0.2mm.
Preferably, step 2 Chicken Manure Compost accounts for gross weight 12%, and the condition of fermentation is：34 DEG C of temperature, 30 days time,
Humidity 55%-60%.
Preferably, the step 1 fermentation concrete operations are that organic fertilizer humidity is maintained at 60%, 55 DEG C of temperature, 30 days time,
And the mixture is piled into high 30cm, length and width 80cm rectangle heap, diameter is beaten toward heap bottom by 25cm distance on heap face
2cm hole, a film is covered, carries out fermentation of accelerating the ripening.
Preferably, the humidity of step 3 composite fertilizer is maintained at 60%.
Preferably, the humidity of step 4 soil conditioner is maintained at 50%, and temperature is maintained at 55 DEG C.
It is used for roof greening soil matrix layer with above-mentioned additive, because roof load-bearing is limited, it is desirable to selected plantation
Medium should have from heavy and light, not hardened, retain water and nutrients, suitable for plant cultivate growth, easy construction and the function such as economic and environment-friendly, bag
It is as follows to include step：From planting soil 40%~50%, turf 20%~30%, expanded vermiculite 15%~25%, fine sand 10%~
15% mixed preparing forms light soil.Added according to obtained light soil and add this soil additive by the 10% of its quality, can
The nutrition needed for plant growth is provided, without top dressing；Can water-absorbing-retaining, alleviate urban flooding, improve the utilization of water resource；Can one
Determine the porousness of improvement soil in degree, keep soil from packing together；Also the dusty gas and absorption dust caning absorb in air, are carried
High air quality, improve climatic environment.
Improving effect of the application multifunctional greening with kind of plant additive to soil
Soil is improved with kind of a plant additive using the multifunctional greening of embodiment 1, specific addition is 10Kg/ mus
Spray the application additive.Comparing result is shown in Table 1
The pH value and electrical conductivity (EC) of the soil of table 1
The average pH for improveing the soil of the before processing in area is 8.6, and average conductivity (EC) is 125.7 μ S/cm, average bacteriological
Number (general viable count) is 3.9 × 106Individual/g, quantity of actinomyces are 3.0 × 106Individual/g, filamentous fungi number are 2.8 × 106Individual/g,
The average pH for improveing the soil after the processing in area is 7.2, and average conductivity is 176.3 μ S/cm, average bacteriological number (general viable bacteria
Number) it is 55.7 × 106Individual/g, quantity of actinomyces are 55.0 × 106Individual/g, filamentous fungi number are 78.2 × 106Individual/g.
Generally, trees be able to can not be grown when the pH of soil is more than 8 by the harmful effect to root.It is referred to as pricking
Root.Different Planting Patterns soil pH values are as the different manifestations in plant growth period go out certain otherness, and all in experiment
Partial neutral or alkalescent is presented.PH reduction is then substantially confirmed for improvement area, is the pH that trees can grow, therefore this Shen
Please additive also there is adjustment effect to soil pH value.Also distinguish that electrical conductivity (EC) also increases in addition, the mineral matter absorbed from root
Composition increase.Moreover, edaphon (bacterium, actinomyces, filamentous fungi) adds 1 order of magnitude.Meanwhile refer to reference to release
Number and diffusion coefficient evaluate Nutrient Release Characteristics, and with the increase of initial aqueous rate, the fertilizer release of soil additive refers to
Number is largely maintained between 0.5-1, and release effects are preferable, and diffusion coefficient is as the increase of initial aqueous rate shows constantly
The trend of increase.Compared with not fertilizer treatment, Bermuda grass increasing degree is up to more than 162.58%, and pink indigo increasing degree is high
Up to more than 68.93%.
Gather above-mentioned check plot and improve the pedotheque in area, determine the formation situation of the crumb structure of soil.Its result
It is shown in table 2.
The formation situation of the crumb structure of the soil of table 2
| Solid phase (40%) | Liquid phase (30%) | Gas phase (30%) | Apparent specific gravity (gd) (0.96-1.06kg/L) | |
| Control | 68.2% | 22.3% | 9.5% | 1.57kg/L |
| Improvement | 48.4% | 31.9% | 19.7% | 0.99kg/L |
Note:It is ideal value in ()
Crumb structure refers to that the particle in soil forms the structure of fritter, if forming crumb structure, can be imbued with water conservation
Property, drainage, aeration, turn into the soil suitable for plant growth.The presence or absence of crumb structure can by the three-phase of soil (Gu
Phase, liquid phase, gas phase) ratio and apparent specific gravity (gd) (solid phase in overall volume shared ratio) determine.
The moist field soil of appropriateness preferably solid phase: liquid phase: the ratio of gas phase is 4: 3: 3, apparent specific gravity (gd) is 0.96~
1.06kg/L。
Control is that gas phase is considerably less based on the single-grained structure of clayey.The drainage of this soil is poor, it is possible to causes root
It is rotten.Root is extended local limited, the healthy growth of unsuitable plant.On the other hand, improve the solid phase of the soil in area from
68% drops to 45%, and liquid phase, gas phase are also close to ideal value.Moreover, the apparent specific gravity (gd) of the soil in improvement area falls in ideal value.This
Microbial activity, the organic matter balance of kind soil are good, and the root of plant easily extends, biological playground in the soil such as earthworm
Also ensured, be adapted to the healthy growth of plant.Therefore the application has good improving effect for soil granular structure.
The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solution of the present invention, and are not construed as the limitation for the present invention, this Shen
Please in embodiment and embodiment in feature in the case where not conflicting, can mutually be combined.The protection model of the present invention
Enclose the equivalent substitution side of technical characteristic in the technical scheme that should be recorded with claim, including the technical scheme of claim record
Case is protection domain.Equivalent substitution i.e. within this range is improved, also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multifunctional greening plantation layer additive, it is characterised in that the plantation layer additive is included according to parts by weight
The following components of meter：
Soil conditioner 55-70 parts, inorganic fertilizer 15-30 parts, organic fertilizer 5-10 parts, biological mix bacterium agent 5-10 parts.
2. multifunctional greening plantation layer additive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described soil conditioner bag
Include following raw material components in parts by weight：
Sodium carboxymethyl starch-polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked liquid 50-65 parts, sodium benzoate 0.25-1 parts, zeolite powder 2-5 parts, polyacrylic acid
Potassium 5-15 parts.
3. multifunctional greening plantation layer additive according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Described CMS
Sodium-polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked liquid is to include following raw material components in parts by weight：
Polyvinyl alcohol 5-8 parts, deionized water 90-93 parts, sodium carboxymethyl starch 2-3 parts, silicone emulsion 0.1-0.5 parts, sulfonation wood
Quality 0.1-0.5 parts, sodium hypochlorite 0.1-0.3 parts.
4. multifunctional greening plantation layer additive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The inorganic fertilizer be include by
According to the following components of parts by weight meter：
Nitrogenous fertilizer 20-50 parts, phosphate fertilizer 15-30 parts, potash fertilizer 3-20 parts, micro- 3-8 parts；
The nitrogenous fertilizer is one or more of combinations in urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate；
The phosphate fertilizer is one or more of combinations in double superhosphate, calcium superphosphate, calcium phosphate；
The potash fertilizer is one or more of combinations in potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium sulfate, potassium chloride；
The trace element is one or more of combinations of copper, iron, manganese, zinc.
5. multifunctional greening plantation layer additive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The biological mix bacterium agent bag
Include following components in parts by weight：
Humic acid 23-46 parts, urease inhibitor 15-45 parts, cyanamide 9-27 parts, photosynthetic bacteria 3.2-6.4 parts, tetramethrin 0.2-
0.7 part, brassin lactones 2.1-6.3 parts, poly- propylhomoserin 0.3-0.9 parts.
6. multifunctional greening plantation layer additive according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The urease inhibitor uses
Be Urease inhibitor composition provided in Chinese patent ZL201310371946.4；The photosynthetic bacteria includes the red vacation of green
Monad or class rhodopseudomonas spheroid or Rhodopseudomonas palustris or its combination.
7. multifunctional greening plantation layer additive according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The organic fertilizer is planted by raw material
Strain fermentation forms, and the raw material plant is Eichhornia crassipes, duckweed, water peanut one or more of which.
8. the preparation method of the multifunctional greening plantation layer additive described in claim 1-6 any one, it is characterised in that
It the described method comprises the following steps：
Step 1：The raw material plant of organic matter fertilizer is air-dried and crushed, obtains organic matter powder；
Step 2：Fermenting agent and Chicken Manure Compost are added in the organic matter powder, heap fermentation vat after being well mixed, fermentation, is obtained
To organic fertilizer；
Step 3：Organic fertilizer mix made from inorganic fertilizer and step 2 is uniform, and hot-air seasoning obtains composite fertilizer to remove moisture；
Step 4：Pva powder, it is added in deionized water, continues to be heated to 96-100 DEG C and start to react, when polyethylene
Alcohol stops heating after being completely dissolved, and continues stirring and ensures that it is in molten condition, then adds sodium carboxymethyl starch, then add successively
Enter silicone emulsion, lignosulfonate, sodium hypochlorite, be warming up to 90-95 DEG C, accelerate stirring reaction 1-1.5h, stop heating and after
Continuous stirring 12-15min, sodium carboxymethyl starch-polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked liquid, sodium carboxymethyl starch-polyvinyl alcohol are obtained after cooling
Sodium benzoate is added in crosslinked fluid, zeolite powder, polyacrylic acid potassium, obtains soil conditioner；
Step 5：Composite fertilizer made from soil conditioner, biological mix bacterium agent and step 3 is stirred at same direction, heated
Reaction takes place after to 85-90 DEG C, accelerating stirring, heating stops after all kinds of added materials are completely dissolved disappearance, cooling
During continue stir 12-15min, cooling；
Step 6：Granulated again by oscillator or sieve, you can obtain multifunctional greening plantation layer additive.
9. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：The step 1 organic matter powder maximum particle diameter 0.5-0.6mm,
Average grain diameter 0.1-0.2mm.
10. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：Step 2 Chicken Manure Compost accounts for gross weight 10~15%, fermentation
Condition be：35-55 DEG C of temperature, 25-30 days time, humidity 55%-60%.
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| EP3822243A3 (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2021-07-14 | János Tamás | Process for the production of a soil and plant nutrient matrix based on organic matter having a high swelling capacity |
| CN114752023A (en) * | 2022-03-30 | 2022-07-15 | 河南农业大学 | Preparation and application of degradable molecular sieve composite hydrogel |
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Application publication date: 20171201 |