CN107407218A - 用于dpf再生的扭矩控制*** - Google Patents

用于dpf再生的扭矩控制*** Download PDF

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CN107407218A
CN107407218A CN201580075833.7A CN201580075833A CN107407218A CN 107407218 A CN107407218 A CN 107407218A CN 201580075833 A CN201580075833 A CN 201580075833A CN 107407218 A CN107407218 A CN 107407218A
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dpf regeneration
engine torque
regeneration
gear pump
control method
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朴成哲
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Volvo Construction Equipment AB
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/0238—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles for regenerating during engine standstill
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
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    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
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    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
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    • F02D41/027—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/029—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to purge or regenerate the exhaust gas treating apparatus the exhaust gas treating apparatus being a particulate filter
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/04—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions
    • F02D41/06—Introducing corrections for particular operating conditions for engine starting or warming up
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    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
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    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/3809—Common rail control systems
    • F02D41/3827—Common rail control systems for diesel engines
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    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2250/00—Combinations of different methods of purification
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    • F01N2260/00—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/04—Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for regeneration or reactivation, e.g. of catalyst
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    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/021—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine
    • F02D41/0235—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D41/024—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F02D2041/026—Introducing corrections for particular conditions exterior to the engine in relation with the state of the exhaust gas treating apparatus to increase temperature of the exhaust gas treating apparatus using an external load, e.g. by increasing generator load or by changing the gear ratio
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/08—Exhaust gas treatment apparatus parameters
    • F02D2200/0802—Temperature of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
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    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/10—Parameters related to the engine output, e.g. engine torque or engine speed
    • F02D2200/1002—Output torque
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/10—Parameters related to the engine output, e.g. engine torque or engine speed
    • F02D2200/101—Engine speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
    • F02D41/005—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] according to engine operating conditions
    • F02D41/0055—Special engine operating conditions, e.g. for regeneration of exhaust gas treatment apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
    • F02D41/38—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type
    • F02D41/40—Controlling fuel injection of the high pressure type with means for controlling injection timing or duration
    • F02D41/406—Electrically controlling a diesel injection pump
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)

Abstract

根据本公开的用于在DPF再生时控制发动机扭矩的方法包括以下步骤：检测作为用于校正DPF再生条件的参数的、齿轮泵和主液压泵的输出；增加所述齿轮泵或主液压泵的流量；随着所述齿轮泵或主液压泵的流量增加而控制发动机的扭矩，以便达到预定的目标发动机扭矩值；当发动机的扭矩达到所述预定的目标发动机扭矩值时，开始DPF再生；在DPF再生期间，允许基于所述目标发动机扭矩值来增加发动机的转数；以及执行DPF再生，直到排气的温度达到预定的目标DPF再生温度。

Description

用于DPF再生的扭矩控制***
技术领域
本发明涉及一种在用于重型建筑设备的DPF(柴油微粒过滤器)的再生期间控制发动机扭矩的技术。
背景技术
通常，柴油发动机使用外部空气和柴油燃料的混合气体作为工作流体而将热能转换为机械能，其中，该混合气体爆发性燃烧并被排出。燃烧后的混合气体通过排气管排出。该排气包括二氧化碳、一氧化碳、碳氢化合物、氧化硫、氢化硫、氮氧化物、氨、臭氧、氧化剂等，如果该排气在未经处理的情况下排出到空气中，则会造成环境污染。最近，由于排气还原***的技术进步，有害气体的排出已大幅减少。
然而，为了解决全球变暖和空气污染的环境问题，关于车辆的有害气体排放的环境标准正变得更严格。尤其是，从重型建筑设备排出的有害气体的排放标准正变得更严。
在诸如挖掘机的重型建筑设备的情况下，内部具有DOC(柴油氧化催化剂)的DPF连接至排气管，对一氧化碳、碳氢化合物等进行氧化并收集PM(颗粒物)，以满足排放标准。
为了防止收集在柴油发动机的***中的碳烟颗粒积聚在过滤器中并堵塞该过滤器，以定期的间隔烧掉这些碳烟颗粒，使得DPF能够由于该过滤器的重新使用而再生。如果碳烟颗粒过度地积聚在该过滤器中，则不仅会使发动机性能下降，而且还导致该过滤器在DPF运行期间损坏。在最坏的情况下，这可能使发动机停机。
在这种DPF再生中，额外地喷射燃料以将排气温度升高至DPF再生所需的温度，从而烧掉所收集的碳烟颗粒而使其变成二氧化碳。
在适用于挖掘机的DPF再生的常规方法中，发动机转速被增加到特定水平，以将温度升高至足以进行再生的程度。然而，塑性载荷(plastic load)可能引起发动机转速的变化，该塑性载荷由所述设备未处于使用状态时发生的摩擦扭矩产生并且在不同情况下根据所述设备而不同，所述发动机转速的变化导致不同情况下的所述设备的再生的不同结果。这与使用发动机测试台(engine test rig)的情形相反，在使用发动机测试台的情形中，通过最佳地校准以用于再生来维持特定水平的转速。
发明内容
如果在DPF再生中没有实现最佳的发动机转速，则DPF再生可能被取消并且存在由于DOC(柴油氧化催化剂)中的温度变动而使排烟或碳烟没有完全被除去的可能。结果，可能频繁地需要DPF再生且因此可能影响该设备的运行时间。
为此，已做出了本发明以解决现有技术中存在的上述问题，并且本发明的目的是提供一种解决方案，以通过如下方式来维持用于再生的最佳扭矩值：与通过增加重型建筑设备的塑性载荷而获得的发动机再生校准中所指示的扭矩相匹配。
技术方案
为了实现上述及其它目的，根据本发明的实施例，如果具有用于DPF再生的最佳校准的重型建筑设备的塑性载荷低并且所产生的发动机扭矩低于DPF再生所需的发动机扭矩，则增加主泵或齿轮泵的流量。因此，发动机扭矩被调节到用于最佳的DPF再生所指示的目标发动机扭矩。因此，在重型建筑设备中，可以与所述测试台中一样实现最佳的DPF再生。
有利效果
根据具有上述方案的本发明的实施例，通过使用主泵或齿轮泵将发动机扭矩增加至目标值，能够将排气温度升高到足以进行DPF再生的高温度。如果排气温度不够高，则停止DPF再生并且该设备将反复地尝试使DPF再生。根据本发明，能够避免由于DPF再生故障而导致的再生周期的缩短，并且能够节省不必要的燃料使用，从而增加该设备的运行时间。同时，通过使DPF的性能最佳，能够完全除去排气和碳烟。
附图说明
图1是根据现有技术的DPF再生的流程图。
图2是根据本发明实施例的DPF再生的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面，现在将参照附图来详细描述本发明。
尽管将参照附图中的优选实施例来描述本发明，但应理解，在不偏离权利要求书中限定的本发明的精神和范围的情况下，本领域普通技术人员可以做出这些实施例的各种等同的修改和变型。
为了清楚起见，与本发明不相关的描述已被省去，并且在整个说明书中相同的附图标记表示相同的元件。除非有相反表述，否则，词语“包括”应理解为意味着包括所述元件但也未排除任何其它元件。
图1是根据现有技术的DPF再生的流程图。
当发动机起动(C12)时，启动键状态的状态被传送至E-ECU(发动机ECU)。当排气在DPF中积聚并且需要DPF的再生时(C22)，检查是否可能再生。如果满足再生的条件，则直接进行到再生步骤(C60)。如果不满足，则进行到检查是否满足用于再生的条件的步骤。
首先，检查锁定杆(lock-out level)是否位于下降边缘中(C30)。该锁定杆是一种安全杆，并且，如果其位于下降边缘(falling edge)中，则所述设备或车辆被置于类似于驻车的状态下，这可以理解为是用于可能再生的条件。然后，可以进行到C60。
如果该锁定杆未处于下降边缘的位置上，则设定怠速模式并将发动机转速和发动机扭矩控制为保持在稳定的水平(C50)。
然后，当启动键或启动开关被激活时，开始再生(C50)，并且发动机转速自动增加到DPF再生所需的发动机转速(C60)。
如果排气的温度达到目标温度，则成功地进行了DPF再生(C80)。如果排气温度没有达到目标温度，则取消再生(C90)。
图2是根据本发明实施例的DPF再生的流程图。
根据本发明实施例的DPF再生的初始步骤与根据现有技术的DPF再生的初始步骤类似地进行。在现有技术中，依次检查用于再生的前提条件，如果满足这些条件中的任一个，则开始DPF再生。然而，在本发明中，如果各个条件没有全部满足，则取消再生。因此，由于上述现有技术的方法被设计为首先开始DPF再生，不完全再生的概率比较高。因此，即使发动机扭矩没有达到用于再生的最佳值，也可能在结果不令人满意的情况下继续进行再生。在根据本发明的方法中，由于在再生的前提条件都完全满足的情况下才进行再生，能够实现有效的DPF再生。
在根据本发明的初始步骤中，发动机启动时(S12)的键状态被传送至E-ECU。如果需要再生，该设备或车辆检查再生是否可以进行(S20)。即，如果由于所积聚的排气而需要再生时(S22)，检查再生的可能性，并且，如果结果表明不可能再生，则取消再生(S120)。
如果发现DPF再生是可能的，则检查是否满足DPF再生的前提条件。首先，检查锁定杆是否位于下降边缘中(S30)。如果该锁定杆不位于下降边缘中，则进行至上述取消步骤(S120)。如上所述，该锁定杆是一种安全杆，并且，如果其位于下降边缘中，则意味着车辆保持在驻车状态下。换句话说，如果在S30中发现该设备或车辆不能在静止状态下执行DPF再生，则进行到取消步骤。
如果该锁定杆未处于下降边缘的位置上，则设定怠速模式并且将发动机转速和发动机扭矩控制为保持在稳定的水平(S50)。
如果满足用于DPF再生的前提条件，则该设备进入到DPF再生模式，然后进行到确定用于将发动机状态校准至DPF再生的最佳条件的液压选项的步骤。根据所述液压选项，该设备可以使用齿轮泵或主泵。通过预先测试来预先确定发动机扭矩的最佳目标值。为了使当前的发动机扭矩与目标发动机扭矩匹配，控制所述齿轮泵或主泵的流量。该设备可以基于在S62中测量的齿轮泵和主泵的输出(液压参数)来增加所述液压齿轮泵或主泵的流量。以防万一，所述齿轮泵和主泵二者的流量可以一起增加。
在增加所述齿轮泵或主泵的流量的步骤中，可以控制该流量以增加到所述齿轮泵或主泵的预定流量。
如果流量增加，则发动机扭矩也增加，然后进行到E-ECU检查是否达到目标发动机扭矩的步骤。
如果已达到目标发动机扭矩，则开始DPF再生(S100)。如果没有，则取消再生(S120)。
在从步骤S100开始的再生期间，发动机扭矩逐渐增加到目标发动机扭矩。
在S110中，检查排气的温度是否达到足以进行再生的高温度。如果排气温度在该再生期间没有达到目标温度，则由于认为不满足用于再生的条件，取消再生(S120)。相反，如果达到了目标温度，则成功地执行再生(S130)。
以上描述应认为仅是其中一个示例性实施例。本发明的范围不限于上述实施例，而是旨在覆盖本领域技术人员所作出的处于本发明的权利要求范围内的各种修改。

Claims (8)

1.一种发动机扭矩控制方法，所述发动机扭矩控制方法用于校准发动机扭矩以最佳地进行DPF再生，所述方法包括：
进入DPF再生模式的步骤；
检测齿轮泵和主泵的输出的步骤，所述齿轮泵和主泵的输出作为用于校准DPF再生条件的条件的参数；
增加所述齿轮泵或主液压泵的流量的步骤；
根据所述齿轮泵或所述主液压泵的流量的增加来控制发动机扭矩以达到预定的目标发动机扭矩值的步骤；
如果所述发动机扭矩达到所述预定的目标发动机扭矩值则开始DPF再生的步骤；
在DPF再生期间基于所述预定的目标发动机扭矩值增加发动机转速的步骤；以及
执行DPF再生直到排气温度达到预定的目标温度的步骤。
2.根据权利要求1所述的发动机扭矩控制方法，还包括：
当需要DPF再生时检查车辆是否处于能够进行DPF再生的状态下的步骤；以及
检查是否满足DPF再生的前提条件的步骤，其中：
如果满足所述前提条件，则开始所述DPF再生模式。
3.根据权利要求2所述的发动机扭矩控制方法，其中：
检查是否满足DPF再生的前提条件的所述步骤包括：
检查控制锁定杆是否被释放的步骤；和
检查怠速模式是否存在的步骤。
4.根据权利要求1所述的发动机扭矩控制方法，其中，在增加所述齿轮泵或所述主液压泵的流量的步骤中，所述齿轮泵或所述主液压泵的流量增加至所述齿轮泵或所述主液压泵的预定流量。
5.根据权利要求3所述的发动机扭矩控制方法，其中，如果所述控制锁定杆没有被释放或所述怠速模式不存在，则取消DPF再生。
6.根据权利要求1至5中的任一项所述的发动机扭矩控制方法，其中，在当需要DPF再生时检查车辆是否处于能够进行DPF再生的状态下的所述步骤中，如果所述车辆未处于能够进行DPF再生的状态下，则取消DPF再生。
7.根据权利要求1至5中的任一项所述的发动机扭矩控制方法，还包括以下步骤：
在根据所述齿轮泵或所述主液压泵的流量的增加来控制发动机扭矩以达到所述预定的目标发动机扭矩值的步骤中，如果所述发动机扭矩值未达到所述预定的目标发动机扭矩值，则取消所述再生。
8.根据权利要求1至5中的任一项所述的发动机扭矩控制方法，还包括以下步骤：
在当所述排气温度达到用于DPF再生的所述预定的目标温度时执行DPF再生的步骤中，如果所述排气温度未达到用于DPF再生的所述预定的目标温度，则取消DPF再生。
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