A kind of a great number of elements fertilizer for promoting the breeding of plant rhizosphere beneficial microbe and its application
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fertilizer and its application, promotes the breeding of plant rhizosphere beneficial microbe more particularly to one kind
A great number of elements fertilizer and its application, belong to agricultural technology field.
Background technology
The word of rhizosphere one is that Xi Er Teners proposed in 1904, the soil for referring to the root table of plant and being directly affected by root system
Region.Rhizosphere microorganism is all different from the microorganism beyond rhizosphere on quality and quantity.
Plant rhizosphere microbe (rhizosphere microbe), it is raw in the range of the soil that root system of plant directly affects
The microorganism of long breeding.There are bacterium, actinomyces, fungi, algae and protozoan etc..
General quantity is than several times to tens times more outside rhizosphere.They are intergrowth relation between plant, mutual with root system of plant
Act on, mutually promote.Microorganism is largely gathered in around root system, and organic matter is changed into inorganic matter, is provided effectively for plant
Nutriment;Meanwhile microorganism can also secrete vitamin, growth stimulant etc., promote plant growth.In growing process, extremely
The root system and the cast (root hair, epidermal cell, root cap etc.) of root died, and root system is to the exocrine inorganic matter of root and organic matter
It is the important source of nutrition of microorganism and energy source;Rhizosphere microorganism is that Gram-negative bacteria is dominant based on bacterium
Gesture.
Most of rhizosphere microorganisms partly have facilitation, the meeting also having causes plant to non-phytotoxic to plant growth
Disease.Beneficial rhizosphere microorganism can help the dissolving of indissoluble mineral matter, increase absorption of the plant to phosphorus and other mineral elements,
Even secretion auxin, promotes plant growth.
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria can promote plant fixed nitrogen, strengthen plant nutrient, greatly promote the growth of plant, but nitrogen-fixing bacteria be not
All plant rhizospheres can be good breeding, the nitrogen-fixing bacteria of negligible amounts play a part of very faint.
Agrobacterium is to common are harmful bacterium in production, and in shaft-like, size be 0.6~1.0 μm of 1.5~0.3 μ m, singly
Individual arrangement in pairs.Do not form gemma.Gram-negative.Moved with 1~6 peritricha.It is strict aerobic, using molecular oxygen as oxidising Fe
Acceptor.Some bacterial strains can carry out anaerobic respiration in the environment for have nitrate.Most of bacterial strains can be in the plant tissue of low oxygen pressure
Middle growth, optimum temperature are 25~28 DEG C, and bacterium colony is generally raised, and full edge is smooth, non-pigment to ecru.In carbohydrate
Abundant exocellular polysaccharide mucus is often produced on culture medium.The root for parasitizing plant forms tumour, can be invaded through wound many double
Cotyledon plant and root cap gymnospermous, root and stem, cause the spontaneous hyperplasia of plant cell and turn into tumour cell.
How to promote plant rhizosphere beneficial microorganism to breed, while suppress the breeding of rhizosphere harmful microorganism, turn into ability
The important research topic in domain.
The content of the invention
The present invention is solution the shortcomings of the prior art, there is provided a kind of to promote the big of plant rhizosphere beneficial microbe breeding
Secondary element fertilizer and its application, to realize following goal of the invention:
(1)Promote the breeding of plant rhizosphere beneficial microorganism;(2)Suppress the breeding of plant rhizosphere harmful microbe.
In order to solve the above technical problems, using following technical scheme:
A kind of a great number of elements fertilizer for promoting the breeding of plant rhizosphere beneficial microbe, described a great number of elements fertilizer include following raw material group
Point:Potassium nitrate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, nitric acid phosphorus, calcium nitrate, black humic acid, yellow humic acid, chelating are micro
Element, amino acid chelated calcium and magnesium sulfate.
Described a great number of elements fertilizer includes the raw material components of following parts by weight:Potassium nitrate 5-6 parts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 6-6.5
Part, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 2.5-3.5 parts, urea 3.5-4.5 parts, nitric acid phosphorus 0.8-1.2 parts, calcium nitrate 1.2-1.8 parts, black humic acid
24-24.5 parts, yellow humic acid 19.5-20.2 parts, chelated microelement 7.2-7.8 parts, amino acid chelated calcium 2.5-3.0 parts, sulphur
Sour magnesium 4-6 parts.
Described a great number of elements fertilizer includes the raw material components of following parts by weight:5.8 parts of potassium nitrate, 6.2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate,
3 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 4 parts of urea, 1 part of nitric acid phosphorus, 1.5 parts of calcium nitrate, 24.2 parts of black humic acid, 19.8 parts of yellow humic acid, chela
Close 7.5 parts of trace element, 2.8 parts of amino acid chelated calcium, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate.
Described chelated microelement:By Methionine Chelated Zinc, cysteine chelated copper and EDTA chelated iron
With mass ratio 1:7:3 mix.
Described amino acid chelated calcium:For aspartase calcium, wherein calcium content is 12.5%.
Described black humic acid:For black crystals particle, fineness is 60 mesh, the content of organic matter 75%, pH 5.2.
Described yellow humic acid:For yellow potassium humate crystal, butt Huang content of humic acid is 75%, nucleic acid content 8%, ammonia
Base acid content is 2.5%, moisture 2%.
The preparation method of a great number of elements fertilizer is:
First black humic acid, potassium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are well mixed and obtain material A;Then by yellow humic acid, biphosphate
Ammonium, urea, nitric acid phosphorus and calcium nitrate are well mixed to obtain material B;Material A is heated into 20min under the conditions of 89-90 DEG C, then,
Material B is added in material A, by temperature control under the conditions of 85-88 DEG C, heats 45min;It is then cooled to 25 DEG C, add successively
Enter chelated microelement, amino acid chelated calcium and magnesium sulfate;After stirring, material introducing ball mill is milled to 100% mistake
200 mesh sieves.
A kind of application of a great number of elements for promoting plant rhizosphere beneficial microbe to breed fertilizer, described a great number of elements fertilizer are obvious
Promote the breeding of plant rhizosphere nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
A kind of application of a great number of elements for promoting plant rhizosphere beneficial microbe to breed fertilizer according to claim 9,
It is characterized in that:Described a great number of elements fertilizer is used for before planting plants, imposes in soil, sowing amount is 150kg/ mus.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1)Effectively facilitate the breeding of beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms blown-ball Azotobacter, blown-ball Azotobacter single bacterium colony average diameter is from 0.2-
0.4cm, bring up to 0.6-0.82cm;
(2)Effectively suppress beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms Agrobacterium tumefaciens breeding, agrobacterium single bacterium colony average diameter from
.0.35-0.45cm it is reduced to 0.12-23cm;
(3)Soil quantity containing blown-ball Azotobacter about 3 × 104In individual/g soil;After an a great number of elements of the present invention fertile season,
Blown-ball Azotobacter quantity about 5 × 10 in soil7Individual/g.
(4)The crown gall incidence of disease of plant is up in 60% plot, first applies a great number of elements of 150kg/ mu the present embodiment
Fertilizer;The eggplant seedling strain into health is planted again, plants a season, it is found that the plant crown gall incidence of disease is reduced to 7.2%.
Embodiment
A kind of a great number of elements fertilizer for promoting the breeding of plant rhizosphere beneficial microbe of embodiment 1
5.8 parts of potassium nitrate, 6.2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 3 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 4 parts of urea, 1 part of nitric acid phosphorus, 1.5 parts of calcium nitrate,
Black 24.2 parts of humic acid, 19.8 parts of yellow humic acid, 7.5 parts of chelated microelement, 2.8 parts of amino acid chelated calcium, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate;
Described chelated microelement:By Methionine Chelated Zinc, cysteine chelated copper and EDTA chelated iron with matter
Measure ratio 1:7:3 mix;
Described amino acid chelated calcium:For aspartase calcium, wherein calcium content is 12.5%;
Described black humic acid:For black crystals particle, fineness is 60 mesh, the content of organic matter 75%, pH 5.2;
Described yellow humic acid:For yellow potassium humate crystal, butt Huang content of humic acid is 75%, nucleic acid content 8%, amino acid
Content is 2.5%, moisture 2%;
Preparation method:First black humic acid, potassium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are well mixed and obtain material A;Then by yellow humic acid,
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, nitric acid phosphorus and calcium nitrate are well mixed to obtain material B;Material A is heated under the conditions of 89-90 DEG C
20min, then, material B is added in material A, by temperature control under the conditions of 85-88 DEG C, heat 45min;It is then cooled to
25 DEG C, sequentially add chelated microelement, amino acid chelated calcium and magnesium sulfate;After stirring, material is introduced into ball mill ball
It is milled to 100% and crosses 200 mesh sieves;Obtain a kind of a great number of elements fertilizer for promoting the breeding of plant rhizosphere beneficial microbe.
The single factor analysis experiment of the chelated microelement of embodiment 2
A great number of elements fertilizer bred using a kind of promotion plant rhizosphere beneficial microbe described in embodiment 1 and preparation method thereof system
Standby fertilizer, the species for only changing chelated microelement carry out embodiment 2-4;Specifically it is shown in Table 1;
The species of the chelated microelement of table 1
The chelated microelement that embodiment 2-4 single kind is respectively adopted prepares fertilizer.
The single factor analysis experiment of the amino acid chelated calcium addition of embodiment 5
A great number of elements fertilizer bred using a kind of promotion plant rhizosphere beneficial microbe described in embodiment 1 and preparation method thereof system
Standby fertilizer, keeps the mass fraction of other components constant, and the dosage for only changing amino acid chelated calcium carries out embodiment 5-8;Specifically
It is shown in Table 2;
The dosage of the amino acid chelated calcium of table 2
The mass fraction that embodiment 5-8 amino acid chelated calcium is respectively adopted prepares fertilizer.
A kind of a great number of elements fertilizer for promoting the breeding of plant rhizosphere beneficial microbe of embodiment 9
The formula for a great number of elements fertilizer bred using a kind of promotion plant rhizosphere beneficial microbe described in embodiment 1 prepares fertilizer
Material, only changing preparation method is:Being stirred after raw material components are mixed and be ground to 100% 200 mesh sieves excessively can finished product.
Embodiment 1-9 a great number of elements fertilizer is respectively added in culture medium, a great number of elements fertilizer accounts for culture medium quality
10%, specific culture medium, which forms, is:Yeast extract 50g, mannitol 80g, agar 50g, a great number of elements fertilizer 20g;
By the streak inoculation on the above-mentioned culture medium containing embodiment 1-9 a great number of elements fertilizer respectively of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, agrobacterium, and
Cultivated 48 hours under conditions of 32-37 DEG C, after the completion of culture, the single bacterium colony observed and count two kinds of bacterium on culture medium is averagely straight
Footpath;Concrete outcome is shown in Table 3;
Table 3
Described nitrogen-fixing bacteria are blown-ball Azotobacter, and preserving number is CICC 21686;Described agrobacterium is Agrobacterium tumefaciens,
Preserving number is ACCC 10601;Above-mentioned strain is all from commercially available.
From table 3:
(1)The single factor analysis experiment of the species of chelated microelement:
It is 1-4 to be related to embodiment, is as a result shown, embodiment 1 is preferred embodiment;
(2)The single factor analysis experiment of the dosage of amino acid chelated calcium:
It is 5-8 to be related to embodiment, is as a result shown, embodiment 7 is preferred embodiment;
Synthesis obtains, and the species of chelated microelement is preferably by Methionine Chelated Zinc, cysteine chelated copper and ethylenediamine tetraacetic
Acetic acid chelated iron is with mass ratio 1:7:3 combinations;
The dosage of amino acid chelated calcium is preferably 8.5 parts;
(3)Embodiment 1 is understood with the contrast of embodiment 9, compared with the blend method of routine, is obtained according to the preparation method of embodiment 1
To the obvious breeding that can more promote nitrogen-fixing bacteria of a great number of elements fertilizer, meanwhile, can more suppress the breeding of Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
A kind of a great number of elements fertilizer for promoting the breeding of plant rhizosphere beneficial microbe of embodiment 10
5.8 parts of potassium nitrate, 6.2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 3 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 4 parts of urea, 1 part of nitric acid phosphorus, 1.5 parts of calcium nitrate,
Black 24.2 parts of humic acid, 19.8 parts of yellow humic acid, 7.5 parts of chelated microelement, 8.5 parts of amino acid chelated calcium, 5 parts of magnesium sulfate;
Described chelated microelement:By Methionine Chelated Zinc, cysteine chelated copper and EDTA chelated iron with matter
Measure ratio 1:7:3 mix;
Described amino acid chelated calcium:For aspartase calcium, wherein calcium content is 12.5%;
Described black humic acid:For black crystals particle, fineness is 60 mesh, the content of organic matter 75%, pH 5.2;
Described yellow humic acid:For yellow potassium humate crystal, butt Huang content of humic acid is 75%, nucleic acid content 8%, amino acid
Content is 2.5%, moisture 2%;
Preparation method:First black humic acid, potassium nitrate and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are well mixed and obtain material A;Then by yellow humic acid,
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, urea, nitric acid phosphorus and calcium nitrate are well mixed to obtain material B;Material A is heated under the conditions of 89-90 DEG C
20min, then, material B is added in material A, by temperature control under the conditions of 85-88 DEG C, heat 45min;It is then cooled to
25 DEG C, sequentially add chelated microelement, amino acid chelated calcium and magnesium sulfate;After stirring, material is introduced into ball mill ball
It is milled to 100% and crosses 200 mesh sieves;Obtain a kind of a great number of elements fertilizer for promoting the breeding of plant rhizosphere beneficial microbe.
Through experiment, it is up in plantation eggplant, the crown gall incidence of disease of plant for a long time in 60% plot, first applies 150kg/ mus
The a great number of elements fertilizer of the present embodiment;The eggplant seedling strain into health is planted again, plants a season, it is found that the plant crown gall incidence of disease is reduced to
7.2%, it is seen then that a great number of elements fertilizer of the present invention plays the role of significantly to suppress Agrobacterium tumefaciens breeding;
It was found that, take the soil of plant rhizosphere, with 5 times of distilled water diluting, and by microscopic count, as a result show, use
Before a great number of elements fertilizer of the present invention, the blown-ball Azotobacter quantity about 3 × 10 in soil4Individual/g;Use a great number of elements of the present invention fertilizer
After one season, the blown-ball Azotobacter quantity about 5 × 10 in soil7Individual/g.
In summary, a great number of elements fertilizer of the present invention is obviously promoted the beneficial microbe breeding of rhizosphere soil, suppresses harmful micro-
Biological self reproducing.
In addition to specified otherwise, ratio of the present invention is mass ratio, and described percentage is mass percent.
Finally it should be noted that:The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention,
Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still can be with
Technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments is modified, or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part technical characteristic.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., it should be included in the guarantor of the present invention
Within the scope of shield.Citing described above for best mode for carrying out the invention, wherein the part do not addressed in detail is this area
The common knowledge of those of ordinary skill;Protection scope of the present invention is defined by the content of claim, any based on the present invention's
Technical inspiration and the equivalent transformation carried out, also within protection scope of the present invention.