CN107288603A - A kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture and its application - Google Patents
A kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture and its application Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107288603A CN107288603A CN201710444370.8A CN201710444370A CN107288603A CN 107288603 A CN107288603 A CN 107288603A CN 201710444370 A CN201710444370 A CN 201710444370A CN 107288603 A CN107288603 A CN 107288603A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- fracture
- simulation
- experimental provision
- diverting agent
- pressure
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 58
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002981 blocking agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- FGRBYDKOBBBPOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10,10-dioxo-2-[4-(N-phenylanilino)phenyl]thioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound O=C1c2ccccc2S(=O)(=O)c2ccc(cc12)-c1ccc(cc1)N(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1 FGRBYDKOBBBPOI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000406668 Loxodonta cyclotis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 is tested After end Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012224 working solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/261—Separate steps of (1) cementing, plugging or consolidating and (2) fracturing or attacking the formation
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture, including pump, intermediate receptacle portion and the fracturing experiments equipment being connected by pipeline system；Simulation wellbore hole and perforation are provided with the fracturing experiments equipment, the pump injects fracturing fluid or diverting agent into fracturing experiments equipment by the perforation of intermediate receptacle portion, simulation wellbore hole.The research for laying rule for diversion experiments in seam and diverting agent is less, lacks necessary indoor experimental apparatus.The invention is based on correlation theory, with reference to site operation and subsurface reservoir physical condition, designed and made " crack turnaround fracture experimental provision " based on similarity criterion, can carry out different type diverting agent performance evaluation, diverting agent using the device lays the experimental study such as rule and crack steering rule.The influence experimental study that can carry out turning in different type diverting agent and different diverting agent laying mode opposite joints using the device, result of study has certain reference to site operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture and its application, belong to the technology of oil-gas field development
Field.
Background technology
With continuing to develop for society, the oil demand amount in the world increasingly increases, the exploitation in most of self-contained oil fields land
Continuous to step into the High water cut middle and later periods, deep layer, ultra deep and unconventional petroleum resources increasingly become the new region of exploration and development.China
The petroleum resource cities of low permeability oil field account for the 30% of national oil total resources, and potentiality to be exploited is huge.Hydraulic fracturing be by
Stratum, which is formed, has high flow conductivity crack, so as to reach a technology of effect of increasing production, it is adaptable to Low permeable oil and gas reservoirs, with
Oil recovery factor is very high in the long-time Development and Production of fractured well, the draining area touched by hydraulic fracture, but outside draining area
Crude oil development degree it is very low, so carrying out turnaround fracture transformation to reservoir, form a plurality of crack with high flow conductivity aobvious
Obtain most important.The key technology of turnaround fracture is exactly to realize in crack to turn to, and crack, which can enter, unminds region, fracture number
Mesh is significantly more than past conventional fracturing technique, and its flow conductivity is also greatly increased.
In recent years, with the raising of hydraulic fracturing technology level, domestic and international each elephant, which is gradually placed on sight, makes waterpower
On the problem of petroleum province is farthest touched in crack, successively using turnaround fracture technology in multiple cracking technology in section or seam,
To improve the complexity of Reservoir Fracture, make maximum production.Turnaround fracture technology is by being added in fracturing process in seam
Diverting agent, produces bridge blinding in the major fracture passage of hydraulic fracturing, prevents the working solution injected below from continuing deeper into stratum depths,
Form the pressure difference higher than gash fracture pressure.Stratum or interface critical fracture after subsurface pressure reaches that crustal stress changes
During pressure, can major fracture it is vertical or horizontal on produce new branch fractures, not employed for oil-gas Layer depths can be connected
Draining area or intrinsic fracture, the laying of seam inner support agent can also be changed, and diverting agent can be solved automatically within a certain period of time
It is stifled, oil reservoir will not be polluted, the seam net in reservoir can be made more to complicate, oil-water-layer drainage area is added, improve
The recovery ratio of crude oil and the utilization rate of injection water.
The correct selection of diverting agent and rationally laying are key factor of the interior temporarily stall of influence seam to fracturing technique.Turning to
In pressing crack construction process, can diverting agent form in major fracture be enough the effective closure for producing new crack and certain
De-plugging in time, construction and effect of increasing production on whole turnaround fracture have very important influence.The current country lacks for seam
The necessary experimental provision that interior temporary stall is studied to fracture simulation.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture.
The present invention also provides a kind of method of work of said apparatus in simulation fracture turnaround fracture.
The present invention devises simulation diverting agent and the experimental provision that effectively closure carries out turnaround fracture, mesh is formed in major fracture
The different influences for laying parameters to turnaround fracture effect for being to be screened to diverting agent, probing into diverting agent, preferred diverting agent
Laying parameter.Can this is related to realize turnaround fracture in seam, and the temporarily stifled effect, design turnaround fracture to prediction diverting agent are applied
Work parameter and program analysis have very important effect, also there is certain directive significance to site operation.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture, including by pipeline system be connected pump, intermediate receptacle portion and
Fracturing experiments equipment；Simulation wellbore hole and perforation are provided with the fracturing experiments equipment, the pump passes through intermediate receptacle portion, mould
The perforation for intending pit shaft injects fracturing fluid or diverting agent into fracturing experiments equipment.
According to currently preferred, the pump is plunger pump, and pressure-resistant 5-10MPa, discharge capacity is 0-300L/h.This design passes through
The discharge capacity of pilot plunger length controlling pump.
According to currently preferred, the pipeline system includes pipeline, and the internal diameter of the pipeline is 2-10mm；It is preferred that,
The pipeline system also includes pressure gauge, flowmeter and distribution box, and the pressure gauge and flowmeter are electronic pressure gage and electricity
Subflow gauge, the distribution box is used for：It is vertical to experimental provision when the pressure of the experimental provision exceeds bearing capacity 10MPa
Power off out of service.
According to currently preferred, the intermediate receptacle portion includes at least two intermediate receptacles in parallel, it is described in the middle of hold
The inlet of device is connected by the first multiple-way valve with pump；The liquid outlet of the intermediate receptacle passes through the second multiple-way valve, high pressure connection
It is connected with the fracturing experiments equipment.In the present invention, the pipeline connects at least two intermediate receptacles, preferable stainless steel
Intermediate receptacle, different intermediate receptacles is respectively used to hold fracturing fluid or diverting agent, and its operation principle is mainly：The liquid being pumped into
Body enters intermediate receptacle by pipeline, and the piston into the intermediate receptacle applies pressure, holds in the middle of the piston driving after compression
Liquid in device enters fracturing experiments equipment.When fracturing experiments equipment needs to be pumped into fracturing fluid, the centre of fracturing fluid will be held
The valve of container is opened, and the valve that will hold the intermediate receptacle of diverting agent is closed, and driving fracturing fluid enters fracturing experiments equipment；When
When needing to add diverting agent, the valve that will hold the intermediate receptacle of fracturing fluid is closed, and will hold the valve of the intermediate receptacle of diverting agent
Door is opened, and driving diverting agent enters fracturing experiments equipment.The present invention is had using the major advantage of at least two intermediate receptacles in parallel：
(1) stainless steel material is used, corrosion-resistant, use time is long；(2) fracturing fluid and diverting agent are independent of each other, and intermediate receptacle is contained respectively
Two kinds of liquid are put, the liquid of injection can be changed at any time, while it also avoid the pre- storage of other original fluids in pump to experiment
As a result influence is produced；(3) main function of plunger pump pumping liquid is to drive the piston in intermediate receptacle, the property pair of the liquid
Experimental result is without influence, it is possible to inject to the free from corrosion liquid of fracturing experiments device, such as clear water, makes making for plunger pump
It is longer with the time.
According to currently preferred, the fracturing experiments equipment includes：Seal cavity, axially set in the seal cavity
It is equipped with simulation wellbore hole and perforation.In the present invention, simulation core to be tested is placed in the seal cavity, passes through simulation wellbore hole
With perforation turnaround fracture is carried out to there is the simulation core in crack.When using the present invention, simulated according to live pressure break situation
Experiment, can be simulation core from cement block, for simulating the stratum that will be pressed off, seal cavity using principle of similarity
The whole closed earthly environment of simulation.
According to currently preferred, the simulation wellbore hole includes the inner cylinder being arranged in the seal cavity and is connected to institute
The outer barrel between high pressure connection and fracturing experiments equipment is stated, the inner cylinder is connected with outer barrel by screw thread.
According to currently preferred, the inner cylinder and outer barrel are connected by screw thread with the lower cover of seal cavity respectively.This hair
In bright, whole simulation wellbore hole can be coupled by screw thread with cavity lower cover, and thread connection can realize pit shaft and whole chamber at two
The sealing of body device.
According to currently preferred, the internal diameter of the inner cylinder and outer barrel is 8-10mm, a diameter of 4-6mm of perforation.
In the present invention, in order that the fracturing fluid into simulation wellbore hole is discharged at perforation, closing is made on inner cylinder top.Whole simulation
The internal diameter of pit shaft is 8-10mm, a diameter of 4-6mm of perforation, and multi-openings, axial side are set in the symmetrical both sides of the inner cylinder
The spacing of adjacent perforations is 10-20mm, and perforation is in seal cavity inside center.
According to currently preferred, mounting groove is respectively arranged with the upper and lower part of the lower cover of the seal cavity, institute
The shape of cross section for stating the lower end of inner cylinder and the upper end of outer barrel is adapted with the installation groove shape.It is preferred that, it is described to install
Groove is hexagonal prismatic, the hexagonal prismoid of inner cylinder coordinate the effect of the mounting groove at lower cover center be whole simulation wellbore hole is positioned at it is close
Chamber central is sealed, the hexagonal prismoid of outer barrel is the assembling for facilitating outer barrel and lower cover.
A kind of said apparatus simulation fracture turnaround fracture method of work, including：
1) fracturing experiments equipment is sealed, the cement block with simulation wellbore hole is put into seal cavity and sealed；
2) to the cement block axial pressure, and application confined pressure is carried out to the cement block；Pass through regulation in experimentation
The tightness combination seal cavity lower cover pressure sensor numerical value of lid flange controls cement in seal cavity in seal cavity
The axial force of block, confined pressure is applied by hydraulic means to cement block；Because the fractuer direction pressed off is perpendicular to minimum principal stress side
To so can be by changing confined pressure and axial force come the direction of control critical eigenvalue before pressure break；
3) diverting agent is added into seal cavity, then, by controlling confined pressure and axial force to change the stress field of cement block,
With simulation fracture turnaround fracture.The effect that this step turns to crack is more obvious.
The advantage of the present invention：
Synthesis, performance evaluation and the crack that research for turnaround fracture in seam at present is concentrated mainly on diverting agent are temporarily blocked up
Several aspects such as change of stress field rule at position.The research for laying rule for diversion experiments in seam and diverting agent is less, lacks
Few necessity indoor experimental apparatus.The invention is based on correlation theory, with reference to site operation and subsurface reservoir physical condition, base
Design and make " crack turnaround fracture experimental provision " in similarity criterion, different type diverting agent can be carried out using the device
It can evaluate, diverting agent lays rule and crack turns to the experimental studies such as rule.It is temporary that different type can be carried out using the device
Blocking agent and different diverting agents lay the influence experimental study turned in mode opposite joint, and result of study has to site operation necessarily borrows
Mirror meaning.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is cement block crack pattern described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of cement block crack described in the embodiment of the present invention；
1st, first time post-fracturing crack；2nd, the position of diverting agent is laid；3rd, the crack after second of pressure break is turned to；4th, water
Clod；
Fig. 3 is the overall structure diagram of experimental provision of the present invention；
5th, pump；6th, pipeline system；
7th, intermediate receptacle portion；7-1, the intermediate receptacle for holding fracturing fluid；7-2, the intermediate receptacle for holding diverting agent；7-3,
One triple valve；7-4, the second triple valve；
8th, fracturing experiments equipment；9th, lower cover；
10th, simulation wellbore hole；10-1, inner cylinder；10-2, outer barrel；
11st, perforation.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation in intermediate receptacle portion of the present invention；
12nd, high pressure connection；13rd, valve；
Fig. 5 is the exploded perspective view of fracturing experiments equipment of the present invention；
21st, upper lid；22nd, sealing gasket；23rd, seal cavity；The screw thread that 24-1, inner cylinder are connected with lower cover；24-2, outer barrel and institute
State the connected screw thread of lower cover；
Fig. 6 is the overall structure figure of fracturing experiments equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the overall structure diagram of simulation wellbore hole of the present invention；
10-3, inner cylinder six prisms；10-4, outer barrel six prisms；25th, the screwed hole of lower cover；
Fig. 8 is the flange used in fracturing fluid experimental facilities of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to embodiment and Figure of description, but not limited to this.
As shown in figures 1-8.
Embodiment 1,
A kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture, including pass through the connected pump 5 of pipeline system 6, intermediate receptacle portion 7
With fracturing experiments equipment 8；Simulation wellbore hole 10 and perforation 11 are provided with the fracturing experiments equipment 8, the pump 5 passes through centre
Container portion 7, the perforation 11 of simulation wellbore hole inject fracturing fluid or diverting agent into fracturing experiments equipment 8.
The pump 5 is plunger pump, and pressure-resistant 5-10MPa, discharge capacity is 0-300L/h.
The pipeline system 6 includes pipeline, and the internal diameter of the pipeline is 2-10mm；It is preferred that, the pipeline system is also wrapped
Pressure gauge, flowmeter and distribution box are included, the pressure gauge and flowmeter are electronic pressure gage and electronic flowmeter, the distribution
Case is used for：When the pressure of the experimental provision exceeds bearing capacity 10MPa, experimental provision is powered off immediately out of service.
The intermediate receptacle portion 7 includes at least two intermediate receptacle 7-1,7-2 in parallel, the inlet of the intermediate receptacle
It is connected by the first multiple-way valve with pump；The liquid outlet of the intermediate receptacle passes through the second multiple-way valve, high pressure connection and the pressure break
Experimental facilities is connected.In this embodiment, first multiple-way valve is the first triple valve 7-3, and second multiple-way valve is the two or three
Port valve 7-4；
The fracturing experiments equipment 8 includes：Seal cavity, the and of simulation wellbore hole 10 is axially provided with the seal cavity
Perforation 11.
The internal diameter of the inner cylinder 10-1 and outer barrel 10-2 are 8-10mm, a diameter of 4-6mm of the perforation 11.
Embodiment 2,
A kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture as described in Example 1, its difference is, the simulation wellbore hole
10 include the inner cylinder 10-1 that is arranged in the seal cavity and are connected between the high pressure connection 12 and fracturing experiments equipment 8
Outer barrel 10-2, the inner cylinder 10-1 is connected with outer barrel 10-2 by screw thread.
Embodiment 3,
A kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture as described in Example 1, its difference is, the inner cylinder 10-1
It is connected respectively by screw thread with the lower cover 9 of seal cavity with outer barrel 10-2.
Embodiment 4,
A kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture as described in Example 1, its difference is, in the annular seal space
The upper and lower part of the lower cover 9 of body is respectively arranged with the horizontal stroke of mounting groove, the lower end of the inner cylinder 10-1 and outer barrel 10-2 upper end
Cross sectional shape is adapted with the installation groove shape.The mounting groove is hexagonal prismatic, and the hexagonal prismoid of inner cylinder coordinates lower cover
The effect of the mounting groove at center is that whole simulation wellbore hole is positioned at into seal cavity center, and the hexagonal prismoid of outer barrel is to be used for conveniently
The assembling of outer barrel and lower cover.
Embodiment 5,
It is a kind of as embodiment 1-4 described devices simulation fracture turnaround fracture method of work, including：
1) sealing fracturing experiments equipment 8, the cement block 4 with simulation wellbore hole 10 is put into seal cavity and sealed；
2) to the axial pressure of cement block 4, and application confined pressure is carried out to the cement block 4；By adjusting in experimentation
The tightness combination seal cavity lower cover pressure sensor numerical value of lid flange in seal cavity is saved to control water in seal cavity
The axial force of clod, confined pressure is applied by hydraulic means to cement block；Because the fractuer direction pressed off is perpendicular to minimum principal stress
Direction, so can be by changing confined pressure and axial force come the direction of control critical eigenvalue before pressure break；
3) diverting agent is added into seal cavity, then, by controlling confined pressure and axial force to change the stress field of cement block,
With simulation fracture turnaround fracture.The effect that this step turns to crack is more obvious.
Application examples,
Such as embodiment 1-5, wherein, the seal cavity includes upper lid 21, seal cavity 23 and lower cover 9, if to simulate
Live pressing crack construction, whole experimental provision need to meet sealing and pressure-resistant two requirements.The upper lid 21 and lower cover 9 of the seal cavity
All it is to realize to seal with seal cavity 23 by sealing gasket 22, and is all that pressure-bearing is fastened by flange.
Can be by the tightness of the flange of the upper lid 21 of regulation come the axial direction of cement block 4 in control chamber body in experimentation
Power, experimental implementation, is mounted with that two lift the handle covered in the outer surface of upper lid 21 for convenience.
Seal cavity inside dimension a diameter of 300-600mm, a height of 100-400mm.Inside cavities, which are equipped with, passes through hydraulic pressure
Apply the device of confined pressure to cement block 4.In order to meet different requirement of experiment, the height of cement block 4 may have very big difference,
It can now be contacted indirectly with upper lid on cement block 4 plus some thick rubber, by clamp flange, in pinch seal cavity
Cement block 4, it is to avoid cement block 4 is in experimentation because stress is rocked and influences experiment effect.
The part that lower cover 9 is contacted with cement block 4 is equipped with pressure sensor, and cement block pressure value can be read in time.By
It is opening down in simulation wellbore hole 10, it is necessary to support whole experimental facilities, it is mounted with that symmetrical four pin are constituted on lower cover 9
One support, supports experimental facilities, while the height of each pin can be adjusted, preferably keeps the stability of equipment.Install
Discharge opeing and release pressure in the main effect of valve of lower cover 9, be pumped into before diverting agent can discharge it is unnecessary in seal cavity
Fracturing fluid, the pressure of whole experimental provision can also be discharged after the completion of experiment.In addition there is mounting groove at the center of lower cover 9, coordinate
Simulation wellbore hole 10 is positioned in seal cavity.
In the application example, the parameter such as table 1 of the experimental provision：
The parameter of the experimental provision of table 1
The citing tested using experimental provision of the present invention：
(1) type of fracturing fluid
Experiment chooses clear water as the fracturing fluid of this experiment, compared with conventional linear fracturing fluid, linear fracturing fluid
Viscosity is high, is easily carried proppant, filter loss is smaller in cement block.But clear water source is wide, expense is low, side simple to operate
Just.What it is in view of the experimental study is that turning efficiency is temporarily blocked up in crack, does not have excessive requirement to the viscosity of fracturing fluid, so selection
Clear water as the experiment fracturing fluid.
(2) discharge capacity is tested
Experiment is using small rehearsal infusion riverfrac treatment liquid, it is assumed that the operational discharge capacity at pressure break scene is 6m3/ min, stitches high 30m,
The slit width of cement block is about 1mm in slit width 1cm, fracturing experiments equipment, high 20cm, is counted according to formula (2-1) and formula (2-2)
The linear velocity for calculating site operation is 20m/min, and the discharge capacity of pump is adjusted to 4L/min by experimental similarity principle.
Q=Av (2-1)
A=hw (2-2)
Wherein Q refers to the discharge capacity of crack porch fracturing fluid, and A refers to the cross-sectional area in crack, and h refers to the height in crack, and w refers to crack
Width.
Keep stable using flowmeter control experiment discharge capacity in experimentation, it is to avoid experiment displacement variation is produced to experimental result
Raw influence.
In order that the experimental phenomena in whole experiment process becomes apparent from, prevent from omitting each details of experimental phenomena, take
The method of extension experimental period is tested, and major measure is exactly reduction experiment discharge capacity.
(3) shape and anisotropism of cement block
If the geometric center for being shaped as being located at regular cube, perforation 11 cement block 4 of cement block, then each faces perforation
Influence at 11 is.But cube cement block is difficult sealing, cylinder easily seals and meets requirement of experiment, therefore by water
Clod is designed as cylinder.
Influence of the anisotropism to experiment is mainly the propagation direction in crack, and cement block is fabricated into anisotropism can be more
Control critical eigenvalue propagation direction well.
(4) the species selection of diverting agent
The species of current diverting agent is probably divided into three kinds：Chemical particle class diverting agent, polymer gel class diverting agent and fibre
Tie up class diverting agent.
Chemical particle class diverting agent closure principle is mainly it and follows the principle that fluid flows to minimum drag, diverting agent
Grain enters pit shaft borehole, largely flows to high permeability formation, by particle at borehole and high permeability formation formation hyposmosis filter cake closure
Firmly original passage, makes to form the pressure value higher than formation fracture in crack, presses off new crack.
When polymer gel class diverting agent is pumped into formation fracture, with crack wall adhesiveness preferably, itself tension
Intensity is big, and with the increase of diverting agent concentration, the adhesive capacity enhancing between colloid and wall, fracture forms effective closure.
When being built the pressure in seam higher than formation fracture pressure, the generation in new crack can be promoted.
The closure principle of fiber-like diverting agent is exactly that fiber can form bridging plug in crack, and the formation of bridging plug can make fiber
A large amount of aggregations, fracture forms effective closure, is finally reached the effect of crack steering.
Experimental provision of the present invention passes through the same kind from different types of diverting agent and different materials formula
Diverting agent carries out Experimental comparison.
(5) want to make diverting agent to play a part of crack steering, diverting agent must be put into crack, and by Crack Sealing
It is stifled.The experiment carries out fracturing experiments, observation turnaround fracture effect again using two kinds of diverting agent spread methods after diverting agent is laid
Really, summarize diverting agent and lay rule, instruct the interior temporarily stall of seam to pressing crack construction.
First method is：It is artificial to lay diverting agent method.The cement block 4 being put into fracturing experiments equipment 8 is entered first
Row routine pressure break, after cement block 4 is pressed off post-fracturing crack 1 for the first time, by cement block 4 out of fracturing experiments equipment 8
Take out, separate the cement block pressed off, expose the whole fracture surface of cement block, ready diverting agent is equably laid
In the surrounding of simulation wellbore hole 10, then cement block again split, whole cement block is put into fracturing experiments equipment 8, to cement
Block applies confined pressure and axial force, and making diverting agent, fracture forms sufficient closure at a certain temperature, and fracturing fluid is finally pumped into again,
Turnaround fracture experiment is carried out by the pressure for controlling discharge capacity and being applied to above cement block.The experimental method can be temporary by changing
Shape and thickness that blocking agent is laid, carry out contrast experiment.
Second method is：The method for pumping diverting agent, by the rolling action of fracturing fluid, crack is carried to by diverting agent
In.Conventional pressure break is carried out to the cement block that is put into fracturing experiments equipment 8 first, when cement block pressed off it is post-fracturing for the first time
After crack 1, the intermediate receptacle for holding diverting agent is opened, diverting agent is pumped into the cement block crack in fracturing experiments equipment
It is interior, after diverting agent is added into crack, confined pressure and axial force are applied to cement block, make diverting agent counterincision at a certain temperature
Slit is into sufficient closure, then is pumped into fracturing fluid, and steering pressure is carried out by the pressure for controlling discharge capacity and being applied to above cement block
Split experiment.The experimental method carries out contrast experiment by changing the rate of pumping and concentration of diverting agent.
According to above-mentioned experimental program, research crack in fracturing process turns to rule.
Analysis of experimental results
It is a kind of as embodiment 1-4 described devices simulation fracture turnaround fracture method of work, including：
1) sealing fracturing experiments equipment 8, the cement block 4 with simulation wellbore hole 10 is put into seal cavity and sealed；
2) to the axial pressure of cement block 4, and application confined pressure is carried out to the cement block 4；By reconciling flange and liquid
Pressure device applies corresponding axial force and confined pressure to cement block；Switch on power, fracturing fluid is pumped into simulation well with 9L/h discharge capacity
Cylinder, when the discharge capacity of pump is more than filter loss of the fracturing fluid in cement block, builds the pressure rapidly in simulation wellbore hole, Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste is pressed off
One crack；
3) diverting agent is added into seal cavity, for blocking primary fissure seam, then, by controlling confined pressure and axial force to change
Become the stress field of cement block, with simulation fracture turnaround fracture.The effect that this step turns to crack is more obvious.
Fracturing fluid is pumped into 30L/h discharge capacity, if diverting agent can be blocked effectively, can be sustained in bigger pressure, pit shaft
It can also rapidly build the pressure, press off second post-fracturing crack 3, at the same time can be by controlling the big of confined pressure and axial compressive force
The small extension direction to control post-fracturing crack 3 for the first time.
In experimentation, the change of initiation mode of the crack in cement block 4, expanded configuration and line pressure is examined
Value, and record the experimental phenomena of correlation.
Risen in cement block 4 behind crack, cement block 4 is proposed from experimental provision, and initiation mode and the extension of fracture
Form is analyzed.
After experiment terminates, experimental provision is cleared up, cement block is made, prepares next group of experiment.Multigroup experiment is carried out, hole is drawn
Borehole pressure changes over time figure, and comprehensive analysis crack turns to rule.
Progress, which is tested, to be obtained experimental result and is handled, and is analyzed exemplified by manually laying polymer diverting agent, is tested
After end, cement block crack is as shown in Figure 1.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture, it is characterised in that the experimental provision includes passing through pipeline system phase
Pump, intermediate receptacle portion and fracturing experiments equipment even；Simulation wellbore hole and perforation are provided with the fracturing experiments equipment, it is described
Pump injects fracturing fluid or diverting agent into fracturing experiments equipment by the perforation of intermediate receptacle portion, simulation wellbore hole.
2. the experimental provision of a kind of simulation fracture turnaround fracture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pump is post
Pump is filled in, pressure-resistant 5-10MPa, discharge capacity is 0-300L/h.
3. a kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pipeline system
System includes pipeline, and the internal diameter of the pipeline is 2-10mm；It is preferred that, the pipeline system also includes pressure gauge, flowmeter and matched somebody with somebody
Electronic box, the pressure gauge and flowmeter are electronic pressure gage and electronic flowmeter, and the distribution box is used for：When the experiment dress
When the pressure put exceeds bearing capacity 10MPa, experimental provision is powered off immediately out of service.
4. the experimental provision of a kind of simulation fracture turnaround fracture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that hold in the middle of described
Device portion includes at least two intermediate receptacles in parallel, and the inlet of the intermediate receptacle is connected by the first multiple-way valve with pump；Institute
The liquid outlet for stating intermediate receptacle is connected by the second multiple-way valve, high pressure connection with the fracturing experiments equipment.
5. the experimental provision of a kind of simulation fracture turnaround fracture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pressure break is real
Testing equipment includes：Seal cavity, in the seal cavity axially it is provided with simulation wellbore hole and perforation.
6. a kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the simulation well
Cylinder includes the inner cylinder being arranged in the seal cavity and the outer barrel being connected between the high pressure connection and fracturing experiments equipment,
The inner cylinder is connected with outer barrel by screw thread.
7. a kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the inner cylinder and
Outer barrel is connected by screw thread with the lower cover of seal cavity respectively.
8. a kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the inner cylinder and
The internal diameter of outer barrel is 8-10mm, a diameter of 4-6mm of perforation.
9. the experimental provision of a kind of simulation fracture turnaround fracture according to claim 7, it is characterised in that in the sealing
The upper and lower part of the lower cover of cavity is respectively arranged with the shape of cross section of mounting groove, the lower end of the inner cylinder and the upper end of outer barrel
It is adapted with the installation groove shape.
10. a kind of such as claim 1-9 any one described device exists in the method for work of simulation fracture turnaround fracture, its feature
In this method includes：
1) fracturing experiments equipment is sealed, the cement block with simulation wellbore hole is put into seal cavity and sealed；
2) to the cement block axial pressure, and application confined pressure is carried out to the cement block；
3) diverting agent is added into seal cavity, then, by controlling confined pressure and axial force to change the stress field of cement block, with mould
Intend crack turnaround fracture.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710444370.8A CN107288603A (en) | 2017-06-13 | 2017-06-13 | A kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture and its application |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710444370.8A CN107288603A (en) | 2017-06-13 | 2017-06-13 | A kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture and its application |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107288603A true CN107288603A (en) | 2017-10-24 |
Family
ID=60096911
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710444370.8A Pending CN107288603A (en) | 2017-06-13 | 2017-06-13 | A kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture and its application |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN107288603A (en) |
Cited By (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108505967A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-09-07 | 西南石油大学 | Experimental provision is temporarily blocked up in a kind of oil/gas well eyelet and crack |
| CN108680339A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-19 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of the visualization crack device and its working method of simulation fracture closure and leak-off |
| CN108682270A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-19 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of the true triaxial fracture simulation device and its working method of the laying of simulation proppant |
| CN109869126A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-06-11 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of pressure break simulation by tracing experimental provision and experimental method |
| CN109944582A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-06-28 | 贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局一一五地质大队 | Method for analyzing position of stratum containing fractures in shaft |
| CN110344802A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-10-18 | 大庆油田有限责任公司 | A kind of straight well multiple-limb seam pressure break branch seam crack initiation condition and Extending Law Logistics automatic system method |
| CN110469308A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-11-19 | 北京九恒质信能源技术有限公司 | In a kind of straight well seam temporarily stall to fracturing experiments method |
| CN111948056A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-11-17 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Large-scale fracturing experiment system and method under different flow state carbon dioxide injection conditions |
| CN111980652A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-24 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method for determining type, size combination and dosage of temporary plugging agent in seam |
| CN112096359A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-12-18 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Pitching temporary blocking steering fracturing test device, system and manufacturing method |
| CN112229777A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2021-01-15 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Experimental device and method for evaluating plugging effect of temporary plugging ball of perforation blasthole and temporary plugging agent in fracturing crack |
| CN112343575A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-09 | 西南石油大学 | Simulation experiment method for researching plugging and bearing mechanism of fractured stratum |
| CN112878976A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-06-01 | 四川申和新材料科技有限公司 | Remote control temporary plugging material injection system and application method |
| CN113100607A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-13 | 西南石油大学 | Display device for hydraulic fracturing experiment simulation |
| CN113494261A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-10-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Temporary plugging agent perforation plugging bearing experimental device for acidizing and fracturing |
| CN113494262A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-10-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Temporary plugging agent crack plugging and bearing experimental device |
| CN114740149A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-07-12 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | Device and method for evaluating plugging capability of temporary plugging diverting agent in non-uniform cracks |
| CN115324548A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2022-11-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Temporary plugging staged fracturing experimental device for open hole horizontal well |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103592213A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-19 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Diversion acidizing experimental apparatus suitable for multiple permeability max-min ratios and evaluation method |
| CN104677778A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-06-03 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for evaluating temporarily freezing plugging properties of coalbed methane in process of fracturing |
| CN105545249A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Crack sample plate clamping device |
| CN106401551A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-02-15 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Simulation experiment system for staged fracturing or simultaneous fracturing of horizontal wells |
| CN207739990U (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2018-08-17 | 北京大学 | A kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture |
-
2017
- 2017-06-13 CN CN201710444370.8A patent/CN107288603A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103592213A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-02-19 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Diversion acidizing experimental apparatus suitable for multiple permeability max-min ratios and evaluation method |
| CN104677778A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2015-06-03 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for evaluating temporarily freezing plugging properties of coalbed methane in process of fracturing |
| CN105545249A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2016-05-04 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Crack sample plate clamping device |
| CN106401551A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-02-15 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Simulation experiment system for staged fracturing or simultaneous fracturing of horizontal wells |
| CN207739990U (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2018-08-17 | 北京大学 | A kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture |
Cited By (24)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108505967A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2018-09-07 | 西南石油大学 | Experimental provision is temporarily blocked up in a kind of oil/gas well eyelet and crack |
| CN108680339A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-19 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of the visualization crack device and its working method of simulation fracture closure and leak-off |
| CN108682270A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-19 | 中国石油大学(北京) | A kind of the true triaxial fracture simulation device and its working method of the laying of simulation proppant |
| CN109944582A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-06-28 | 贵州省地质矿产勘查开发局一一五地质大队 | Method for analyzing position of stratum containing fractures in shaft |
| CN112229777B (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2023-01-20 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Experimental device and method for evaluating plugging effect of temporary plugging ball of perforation blasthole and temporary plugging agent in fracturing crack |
| CN112229777A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2021-01-15 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Experimental device and method for evaluating plugging effect of temporary plugging ball of perforation blasthole and temporary plugging agent in fracturing crack |
| CN109869126A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-06-11 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of pressure break simulation by tracing experimental provision and experimental method |
| CN109869126B (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2021-07-06 | 西安石油大学 | Fracturing tracing simulation experiment device and method |
| CN111948056A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-11-17 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Large-scale fracturing experiment system and method under different flow state carbon dioxide injection conditions |
| CN111948056B (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2024-03-26 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Large-scale fracturing experiment system and method under different flow carbon dioxide injection conditions |
| CN110344802A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-10-18 | 大庆油田有限责任公司 | A kind of straight well multiple-limb seam pressure break branch seam crack initiation condition and Extending Law Logistics automatic system method |
| CN110469308A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-11-19 | 北京九恒质信能源技术有限公司 | In a kind of straight well seam temporarily stall to fracturing experiments method |
| CN113494261A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-10-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Temporary plugging agent perforation plugging bearing experimental device for acidizing and fracturing |
| CN113494262A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2021-10-12 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Temporary plugging agent crack plugging and bearing experimental device |
| CN112096359B (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2021-11-02 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Pitching temporary blocking steering fracturing test device, system and manufacturing method |
| CN112096359A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-12-18 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Pitching temporary blocking steering fracturing test device, system and manufacturing method |
| CN111980652A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-24 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method for determining type, size combination and dosage of temporary plugging agent in seam |
| CN112343575B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-07-13 | 西南石油大学 | Simulation experiment method for researching plugging and bearing mechanism of fractured stratum |
| CN112343575A (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2021-02-09 | 西南石油大学 | Simulation experiment method for researching plugging and bearing mechanism of fractured stratum |
| CN112878976A (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2021-06-01 | 四川申和新材料科技有限公司 | Remote control temporary plugging material injection system and application method |
| CN112878976B (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2022-08-02 | 四川申和新材料科技有限公司 | Remote control temporary plugging material injection system and application method |
| CN113100607A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-13 | 西南石油大学 | Display device for hydraulic fracturing experiment simulation |
| CN115324548A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2022-11-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Temporary plugging staged fracturing experimental device for open hole horizontal well |
| CN114740149A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-07-12 | 陕西延长石油（集团）有限责任公司 | Device and method for evaluating plugging capability of temporary plugging diverting agent in non-uniform cracks |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107288603A (en) | A kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture and its application | |
| CN207739990U (en) | A kind of experimental provision of simulation fracture turnaround fracture | |
| CN104237460B (en) | A kind of device and application thereof of simulating the complicated seam of volume fracturing net proppants settle down rule | |
| CN103556993B (en) | Low permeability oil field plane Five-point method pattern carbon dioxide flooding emulation experiment analogy method | |
| CN104963673B (en) | Visual experimental device for simulating temporary hydraulic fracture plugging of fiber diverter | |
| CN105275444B (en) | A kind of apparatus and method of the single seam inner support agent settlement law of visual Simulation dynamic | |
| CN111006988B (en) | Carbon dioxide imbibition diffusion oil extraction experimental device in tight oil reservoir | |
| CN107355206B (en) | A kind of shale gas horizontal well refracturing temporarily blocks up critical pressure test method | |
| CN104594871A (en) | Device and method for simulating shale complex crack sand laying | |
| CN206071559U (en) | Proppant settlement law dynamic analog device under visualization confined pressure state | |
| CN203603806U (en) | Rock debris transportation simulating device | |
| CN206903650U (en) | A kind of Visual Dynamic becomes the proppant sanding analogue means of slit width | |
| CN103674593B (en) | A kind of device and method for simulating the flood pot test of low permeability reservoir pressure break straight well | |
| CN206071560U (en) | Variable seam is wide to stitch net device | |
| CN104792491A (en) | Simulated multi-angle joint network propping agent sinking law device | |
| CN208137906U (en) | Actual triaxial testing apparatus is used in a kind of temporarily stifled steering behaviour evaluation | |
| CN205225225U (en) | Proppant sedimentation rule's device in dynamic single gap of visual simulation | |
| CN113006762B (en) | Visual proppant laying and post-pressing production simulation device considering real fracture closing pressure | |
| Yue et al. | Numerical simulation and field application of diverting acid acidizing in the Lower Cambrian Longwangmiao Fm gas reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin | |
| CN106089165B (en) | Foam pressure cone blocking water Visual evaluation device and its method of work under the conditions of one kind simulation oil reservoir | |
| CN204008603U (en) | A kind of device of simulating the complicated seam of volume fracturing net proppants settle down rule | |
| CN103437745A (en) | Experimental device for simulating influence of polymer on reservoir sand production and sand control effect and sand filling model | |
| CN211008602U (en) | Multi-well type multi-section fracturing simulation system | |
| CN209179723U (en) | A kind of stifled thin henchnmrk test device of chemical agent tune | |
| CN108519476B (en) | Simulation method and device for water and soil leakage process of karst bedrock cracks |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20171024 |